Globally and nationally in Sweden, we see an increased awareness of the interconnectedness of sustainability challenges and an understanding that no single actor or sector possesses the resources, knowledge or creativity needed to develop and implement holistic solutions to bring about disruptive transformations of the currently unsustainable system. This has led to an increased demand for collaborative governance and values-based responsible leadership. Despite this growing interest, we identify a gap in research regarding what leadership approach and competencies are needed to harness the potential of collaboration. The purpose of this study is to understand individual leaders’ perspectives on responsible leadership in collaborative governance aimed at systemic sustainable development. By gathering qualitative data through semi-structured interviews with 9 leaders active in collaborative governance in Sweden we contribute with research on internal competencies in leadership. We analyze the individual leaders’ reflections in relation to three concepts from responsible leadership: ethics and values, self-awareness and stakeholder relations. Through this study we find that responsible leadership provides a suitable holistic approach to address the complex challenges of collaborative governance aimed at systemic sustainable development. In addition, we find that the three internal competencies in focus for this study are deeply interconnected and create synergies when applied in collaborative governance. Lastly, we identify that leaders’ self-awareness reflects an interconnectedness between the leaders’ perception of their own inner sustainability and the sustainability of the outer world consisting of stakeholder relations and the societal system they strive to change through their leadership. Through our findings we identify a need for further qualitative research applying an integrated approach to responsible leadership studies through which the synergies and interconnections of competencies can be better understood.

Following unprecedented earthquakes in 1999, highly centralized Turkey initiated reforms that aimed to improve disaster management collaboration and to empower local authorities. In 2011, two earthquakes hit the country anew affecting the city of Van and town of Erciş in Turkey’s southeast. In attempts to reduce disaster risk, global disaster risk reduction frameworks and disaster scholars and practitioners advocate collaborative and decentralized disaster management strategies. This thesis investigates how such strategies are received in a centralized and hierarchical national political-administrative system that largely is the anti-thesis of the prescribed solutions. More specifically, this research investigates the barriers and prerequisites for disaster management collaboration between both public and civil society actors in Turkey (during preparedness, response, and recovery) as well as how Turkey’s political-administrative system affects disaster management collaboration and its outcomes. The challenges to decentralization of disaster management are also investigated. Based on forty-four interviews with actors ranging from national to village level and NGOs, the findings suggest that the political-administrative system can alter the relative importance, validity, and applicability of previously established enabling or constraining conditions for collaboration. This may in turn challenge previous theoretical assumptions regarding collaboration. By adopting a mode of collaboration that fit the wider political-administrative system, collaborative disaster management progress was achieved in Turkey’s national level activities. Although there were exceptions, collaboration spanning sectors and/or administrative levels were generally less forthcoming, partly due to the disjoint character of the political-administrative system. Political divergence between local and central actors made central-local collaboration difficult but these barriers were partly trumped by other prerequisites enabling collaboration like interdependence and pre-existing relations. The findings suggest that the specific attributes of disasters may both help and hinder disaster management collaboration. Such collaboration generally improved disaster response. The findings also indicate that the decentralization attempts may have been premature as the conditions for ensuring a functional decentralization of disaster management are presently lacking. Decentralization attempts are commonly suggested to increase local capacity and local participation but the findings of this dissertation suggest that in Turkey, these commodities may currently have better chances of being increased by refraining from decentralization.

隨著時代的演進，政府與民間的合作形式以從傳統契約關係轉變為公私關係（Public- Private-Partnerships,PPPs），強調參與者或利害關係人間創造共贏賽局的ㄧ種組織性關係。時至今日，公私協力關係的實踐仍有賴更多個案研究去發掘各種參與者與利害關係人的互動關係與合作模式。 　　以地方文化館－芝山文化生態綠園公辦民營為例，跨及政府部門、企業、非營利組織與社區，透過彼此互動、解決歧見與尋求合作，達成共識與協調，形成跨部門治理的模式。因此本研究透過三個構面去分析：(1)公辦民營的管理機制；(2)委託人與受託人雙方以及其他利害關係人之間的互動關係；(3)這些互動關係如何影響營運組織的目標發展與運作，從中釐清跨部門協力治理的問題。 　　為探究芝山文化生態綠園的個案探討，本研究透過文本分析法與質性訪談法進行資料的統整與分析。經由分析公辦民營實施的利弊，以及公私協力的互動模式，以探析芝山文化生態綠園在經營目標執行與各方看法，並重新思考芝山文化生態綠園未來的發展與再定位，以作為發展地方文化館委外營運相關計畫的參考。 本研究結果發現：(1)委外管理與評鑑機制完備，惟政策目標寬鬆，造成代理人的自主發展；(2)委託人、代理人雙方偏向以維持契約的互動關係；(3)本研究對象與利害關係人關係互動情形為若即若離。而本研究針對芝山文化生態綠園的協力治理的建議為：(1)評選機制宜整合在地團體與有力人士的聲音；(2)進行跨部門溝通，增加多方合作渠道；(3) 建立社區為主的溝通平台，整合利害關係人間管理的歧見，可提供環境教育推廣或地方文化發展管理者的思考。 / With the changing of the times, cooperation between government and the people have shifted from traditional contractual relationships into public-private-partnerships (PPPs) to create a win-win situation and form organizational relationships between the participants or stakeholders. Yet, the PPPs in operation today are still highly dependent on the analysis of individual case studies to ensure the greatest collaborative efforts among the various participants and stakeholders. The Zhishan Cultural and Ecological Garden ia an example of a cross-sector partnership among government, enterprise, NPOs and community. To resolve the differences and seek cooperation among the different sectors, a case study was made on three levels: firstly, the private management of public management and evaluation; secondly, the interaction between both the client and the trustee and other interested parties; and thirdly, how those interactions affect the operation of the organization's goal development and operation. The Zhishan Cultural and Ecological Garden's local cultural pavilion was contracted out by the Taipei Department of Cultural Affairs. Through text analyses and detailed interviews, data was collected, integrated and analyzed. Analysis of the pros and cons of the PPP operation's interactions revealed the multiple perspectives and executing objectives among those involved with the project to provide reference to better the future management of the local cultural pavilion. This study discovered that: (1) the outsourcing management and evaluation mechanisms were good, but the loose policy goals caused the agent of independent development; (2) bilateral relations tended to maintain contract-oriented-interactions in PPPs; and (3) the NPOs, various parties of interest and the community worked side-by-side instead of together. Thus, the following PPPs recommendations for the Zhishan Cultural and Ecological Garden were suggested: (1) listen to the voice of a strong leader; (2) build cross-sector communication;(3)establish community-oriented communication platform, alongside promotions of environmental education and help local cultural development managers develop new philosophies.

Climate Science Communication is an important tool for helping organizations set strategies to reduce their climate impact. As a major contributor to global climate warming emissions, the food industry needs to take stronger action to reduce their climate impact if the world wants to achieve the global climate goals committed to in the 2015 Paris Agreement. To ensure they meet the climate commitments in their Corporate Social Responsibility strategies, corporations in the food industry should use science-based targets, which research shows are more effective and ambitious. Through the context of Sweden, a country which has set strong emissions reduction policy, this thesis investigates the role that Climate Science Communication and stakeholder communication play in the actions that corporations in the food industry are taking to help achieve the global climate goals. This qualitative study analyzes the firsthand accounts of ten professionals across the food, science communications, and science research industries. Interviews with the participants explore stakeholder management in science communication, the role of collaboration within the science and food industries, and what gaps they see between the science community and the food industry when establishing corporate climate strategies. Results suggest that there is a necessary, and often missing, link between the food industry’s climate strategies and the climate research that informs them. Using principles from Stakeholder Theory, Communications Accommodation Theory, and Cross-Sector Collaboration can help bridge this gap. Improved stakeholder collaboration, better efforts to help decision makers understand climate science, changes to corporate behaviors, and systemic changes in both the corporate world and academia can improve the relationship between the science community and food industry, leading to more effective and impactful climate strategies and results.

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