This study aims mainly to investigate what kind of role the public library plays in the regional and local development. The aim is also to investigate how the public library can strengthen the role as a factor of regional and local development. To explore the subject, the study is focused on the Swedish region of Västra Götaland. Three officials along with two policy documents, are included in the study as representatives of the region. Four public library managers are also interviewed but as representatives of the local perspective. To investigate the role of the public library in the regional and local development in more than one dimension, the theoretical framework consists of three different theories, which are used to answer the three research questions of the study. A qualitative analysis is performed to examine the relationships between the rhetorical statements and the theories. The study reveals that the major motives of the public library to work with regional and local development, are following the labels of the theory, the motive of enlightment and the motive of social issues. The study also shows that several functions of the public library, such as being a center of knowledge, a center of culture and a center of social issues, are particularly linked to the regional and local development. It is also clear that the public libraries of Västra Götaland, have the potentials to develop into more powerful factors in the regional and local development. / Program: Bibliotekarie

The purpose of this study is to investigate how a larger Swedish municipality administer public art and to what extent the practical work relates to the objectives adopted in the municipal comprehensive plan. A qualitative method conducted by semi structured interviews in three tiers with a politician, an official, a representative of an artist organization and a local artist constitutes the base of the study. The interviews are also complemented with subject relevant literature and analysis of municipal documents to support the findings. Results show that the politician and the official have contrasting views on how to concretize the objectives. The discrepancy may cause a misconception of what to expect from public art investments. Further results indicate that municipal practice on the selection of artists, together with the strict bureaucratic framework, may have negative effect on the diversity of artistic expressions that is viewed as important for an attractive city. After years of poor public art management in the surveyed municipality, a foundation is at the time of writing being established to enable more strategic management. Overall the study presents challenges and opportunities about the future of public art management in a mid-sized Swedish municipality.

<p>It has become increasingly common for cities and municipalities to take greater account of the place marketing, and to see the physical location as a brand. An early step in this process is to make the image measurements of the place, in order to develop better marketing strategies. A method often used in tourism research for this type of measurements is Etchner and Ritchie's theoretical framework. The framework is initially designed to measure visitor's image of a tourist destination.</p><p>Almost all previous research in this area is based on the visitor's perspective, but Olofsson and Skredsvik have used this framework to measure a location's image among the residents. They feel that the residents of a place can be seen as ambassadors of the place because they know the site well. To be aware about the image among the residents makes it possible to improve the things that the residents are unhappy with, but also enhance the images of the place which is positive.</p><p>The purpose of this paper is to evaluate whether Etchner and Ritchie's framework can be adapted to measure a location's image among its inhabitants, from the viewpoint of Olofsson and Skredsvik's adaptation of this particular framework. In order to generate data to answer the purpose of this paper, an image study among the residents in Botkyrka was carried out according to the method used by Olofsson and Skredsvik.</p><p>In addition to the results from the image study of Botkyrka, the paper has contributed methodological expertise in destination image research. Some of the main conclusions obtained in this paper is that the adaptation of Etchner and Ritchie's framework overall has worked well to measure a location's image among the residents. The original framework is of such a general nature which makes it possible to make adjustments to it, as long as the essential components of the framework remain. Another contribution from this study is that the material collected by this method can be used to statistically test the differences between various groups within the sample.</p> / <p>Det har blivit allt vanligare att städer och kommuner tar större hänsyn till platsmarknadsföring, och att se den fysiska platsen som ett varumärke. Ett tidigt led i denna process är att göra imagemätningar av platsen, för att bättre kunna utforma marknadsföringsstrategier. En metod som ofta används inom turismforskningen för denna typ av mätningar är Etchner och Ritchies teoretiska ramverk. Ramverket är ursprungligen utformat för att mäta besökares bild av en turistdestination.</p><p>Nästan all tidigare forskning på detta område utgår från besökarens perspektiv, men Olofsson och Skredsvik har använt detta ramverk för att mäta en plats image bland de boende. De menar att de boende på en plats kan ses som platsens ambassadörer då de känner till platsen väl. Att känna till platsens image bland de boende gör att man kan förbättra saker som de boende är missnöjda med, men även förstärka de bilder av platsen som är positiva.</p><p>Syftet med denna uppsats är att utvärdera om Etchner och Ritchies ramverk går att anpassa för att mäta en plats image bland dess invånare, vilket gjorts med utgångspunkt från Olofsson och Skredsviks anpassning av detta ramverk. För att generera underlag till att kunna uppnå syftet så har en imagemätning bland de boende i Botkyrka genomförts utifrån den metod som Olofsson och Skredsvik använt i en studie av Vara kommun.</p><p>Förutom de resultat som kommit fram om Botkyrka kommuns image så har uppsatsen bidragit med metodologisk kunskap inom destinationsimageforskningen. Några av de viktigaste slutsatserna som framkommer i detta arbete är att anpassningen av Etchner och Ritchies ramverk överlag har fungerat väl för att mäta en plats image bland de boende. Det ursprungliga ramverket är av så pass generell natur vilket gör att det går att göra anpassningar av det, så länge som de väsentligaste komponenterna av ramverket återstår. Ett annat bidrag som studien kommit fram till är att materialet som samlas in med denna metod går att använda för att statistiskt testa skillnader mellan olika grupper inom urvalet.</p>

It has become increasingly common for cities and municipalities to take greater account of the place marketing, and to see the physical location as a brand. An early step in this process is to make the image measurements of the place, in order to develop better marketing strategies. A method often used in tourism research for this type of measurements is Etchner and Ritchie's theoretical framework. The framework is initially designed to measure visitor's image of a tourist destination. Almost all previous research in this area is based on the visitor's perspective, but Olofsson and Skredsvik have used this framework to measure a location's image among the residents. They feel that the residents of a place can be seen as ambassadors of the place because they know the site well. To be aware about the image among the residents makes it possible to improve the things that the residents are unhappy with, but also enhance the images of the place which is positive. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate whether Etchner and Ritchie's framework can be adapted to measure a location's image among its inhabitants, from the viewpoint of Olofsson and Skredsvik's adaptation of this particular framework. In order to generate data to answer the purpose of this paper, an image study among the residents in Botkyrka was carried out according to the method used by Olofsson and Skredsvik. In addition to the results from the image study of Botkyrka, the paper has contributed methodological expertise in destination image research. Some of the main conclusions obtained in this paper is that the adaptation of Etchner and Ritchie's framework overall has worked well to measure a location's image among the residents. The original framework is of such a general nature which makes it possible to make adjustments to it, as long as the essential components of the framework remain. Another contribution from this study is that the material collected by this method can be used to statistically test the differences between various groups within the sample. / Det har blivit allt vanligare att städer och kommuner tar större hänsyn till platsmarknadsföring, och att se den fysiska platsen som ett varumärke. Ett tidigt led i denna process är att göra imagemätningar av platsen, för att bättre kunna utforma marknadsföringsstrategier. En metod som ofta används inom turismforskningen för denna typ av mätningar är Etchner och Ritchies teoretiska ramverk. Ramverket är ursprungligen utformat för att mäta besökares bild av en turistdestination. Nästan all tidigare forskning på detta område utgår från besökarens perspektiv, men Olofsson och Skredsvik har använt detta ramverk för att mäta en plats image bland de boende. De menar att de boende på en plats kan ses som platsens ambassadörer då de känner till platsen väl. Att känna till platsens image bland de boende gör att man kan förbättra saker som de boende är missnöjda med, men även förstärka de bilder av platsen som är positiva. Syftet med denna uppsats är att utvärdera om Etchner och Ritchies ramverk går att anpassa för att mäta en plats image bland dess invånare, vilket gjorts med utgångspunkt från Olofsson och Skredsviks anpassning av detta ramverk. För att generera underlag till att kunna uppnå syftet så har en imagemätning bland de boende i Botkyrka genomförts utifrån den metod som Olofsson och Skredsvik använt i en studie av Vara kommun. Förutom de resultat som kommit fram om Botkyrka kommuns image så har uppsatsen bidragit med metodologisk kunskap inom destinationsimageforskningen. Några av de viktigaste slutsatserna som framkommer i detta arbete är att anpassningen av Etchner och Ritchies ramverk överlag har fungerat väl för att mäta en plats image bland de boende. Det ursprungliga ramverket är av så pass generell natur vilket gör att det går att göra anpassningar av det, så länge som de väsentligaste komponenterna av ramverket återstår. Ett annat bidrag som studien kommit fram till är att materialet som samlas in med denna metod går att använda för att statistiskt testa skillnader mellan olika grupper inom urvalet.

The purpose of this research was to determine if the relationship between a community and the nearby provincial park can be enhanced through the use of the cultural planning process. To address the research question a qualitative approach was used which included a case study, a document analysis, a questionnaire and a series of interviews. The subject of the case study was Sandbanks Provincial Park in Prince Edward County, Ontario. The findings illustrated that there are elements and applications of the cultural planning process that can assist a community in efforts to improve or work towards establishing a relationship with its local provincial park. The cultural planning process emphasizes the use of a broad definition of culture and encourages a community to produce an inventory of its cultural resources. This helps to illustrate the value a provincial park contributes to the landscape of an area. The cultural planning process also emphasizes the importance and potential for interaction and communication between different sectors of a community, including the provincial parks. Although Prince Edward County is a leader in cultural planning, it does not yet have a perfectly interactive relationship with its local provincial park. However, the plans, policies, forums and atmosphere produced by the cultural planning have established an environment that is conducive to improving the relationship between Sandbanks and the County. Based on the findings of this research, recommendations have been made to the County, Sandbanks Provincial Park and the Ontario Parks organization. This research will contribute to the literature that exists regarding cultural planning, valuable landscape models and relationships between a community and the nearby provincial park.

The purpose of this research was to determine if the relationship between a community and the nearby provincial park can be enhanced through the use of the cultural planning process. To address the research question a qualitative approach was used which included a case study, a document analysis, a questionnaire and a series of interviews. The subject of the case study was Sandbanks Provincial Park in Prince Edward County, Ontario. The findings illustrated that there are elements and applications of the cultural planning process that can assist a community in efforts to improve or work towards establishing a relationship with its local provincial park. The cultural planning process emphasizes the use of a broad definition of culture and encourages a community to produce an inventory of its cultural resources. This helps to illustrate the value a provincial park contributes to the landscape of an area. The cultural planning process also emphasizes the importance and potential for interaction and communication between different sectors of a community, including the provincial parks. Although Prince Edward County is a leader in cultural planning, it does not yet have a perfectly interactive relationship with its local provincial park. However, the plans, policies, forums and atmosphere produced by the cultural planning have established an environment that is conducive to improving the relationship between Sandbanks and the County. Based on the findings of this research, recommendations have been made to the County, Sandbanks Provincial Park and the Ontario Parks organization. This research will contribute to the literature that exists regarding cultural planning, valuable landscape models and relationships between a community and the nearby provincial park.

The underlying context of this work is the mismatch between the systems that we need to comply with and what our spirit and intuition wants and needs. The thesis questions the relevance of spiritless corporate systems set up to serve the ‘best interest’ of human beings and other living things. Corporate systems have been established to comply with governing laws, to facilitate transaction of money and provide financial accountability to stakeholders and clients – spiritless matters. Corporate systems are ill equipped to protect our emotional and spiritual boundaries, our tangible and intangible links to the past and to the future. Spirit, which is the essence of life, is often not understood, discussed or included in the planning, development and implementation of the very systems that govern and impact on our lives and our communities. If spirit is included it is often well intended but rhetorical. Spirit needs to be revived and provided time, place and purpose, not only in our broader lives but also in our work cultures. Without spirit, facts have no meaning or relevance to life. This thesis searches for solutions to fill this spiritual gap in corporate systems, drawing on the experiences and lessons gained through engaging with communities and corporate systems in Australian and international contexts. The search covers a study of oral tradition(spirit),the impact of the lack of credibility afforded to oral tradition, developing and trialling common-ground terminology and frameworks befitting both corporate and spiritual systems across different industry sectors, the isolation of arts and culture from other sectors, the role of community development arts practices, and aspects of social science and urban development theories. The research traces the development and implementation of a cultural planning program for Western Australia through policy development at State government level and then framework development undertaken through Community Arts Network WA. The development of this cultural planning program draws on the contribution of diverse industry sector partners and this thesis research explains how their perspectives can contribute to the revival of spirit in corporate systems. The partnerships involved are business planning, town planning, community psychology, vocation, education and training, and sustainability. Having contributed to the development of the broader frameworks for the implementation of cultural planning across the State and beyond, this research delves further into addressing the issue of reviving spirit in corporate systems through refining the First (spirit) and Third Person (corporate) approach to cultural planning. This method is based on a key Spirit Catalyst called The First and Third Person Systems. This key Spirit Catalyst provides a guide for balance between spirit and corporate systems. There are a total of seven secondary Spirit Catalysts cited. Comparisons and contrasts between First and Third Person cultural planning process and strategic planning are provided. Principles and protocols and tools for evaluating spirit have been developed as part of the process. In keeping with the first person nature of spirit, personal narrative is used wherever possible to give life and meaning to facts and other planning and management processes.

Följande studie ämnar undersöka hur Uppsala- och Lund kommun arbetar för att utveckla och bevara sina kulturella identiteter. Först och främst kommer de kulturella identiteterna att undersökas utifrån ett historiskt perspektiv genom att se till kulturhistoriska arv och omständigheter. Vidare kommer kommunernas framtida utmaningar att undersökas gällande uppdraget att främja deras kulturella identiteter. Kulturpolitiker och planerare arbetar aktivt för att framhålla alternativt dölja vissa delar av den kulturella identiteten, därför är det även av intresse att resonera kring vad som kan tänkas vara kommunernas underliggande värderingar. Metoden som har tillämpats är ett kvalitativt tillvägagångssätt, med en tyngdpunkt på kvalitativa intervjustudier och kompletterande dokument- och källanalys. Den första slutsatsen som studien har kommit fram till är att den kulturella identiteten är mer eller mindre ojämlikt representerad av kommunernas medborgare. Politikers och planerares strategi att marknadsföra kommunen har ofta ett syfte att uppnå regional-och lokal tillväxt, vilket har medfört att platslösa identiteter har blivit ett utbrett fenomen. Den andra slutsatsen gäller kommunernas framtida utmaningar och målsättning. Den likformiga retoriken indikerar att kultursektorns arbete att främja och bevara kulturen inte på något sätt är självständig, utan befinner sig i ett komplext relationssammanhang som prioriterar tillväxt framför kultur.

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This is a concurrent, mixed methods study of the impacts of Austin, Texas’s cultural plan, CreateAustin. In the study, trend analysis and a t-test were used to examine variables before and after the cultural plan was in place. At the same time, interviews with cultural planners were used to uncover other effects. My research addresses a gap in the literature between understanding the desired and actual outcomes of a cultural plan. Cultural plans are being developed by many communities in an effort to attract creative workers but they are rarely evaluated. Evaluation using a mixed methods approach is necessary to capture all the outcomes of a cultural plan, rather than the limited scope of impacts that are captured by qualitative or quantitative analyses alone. My analysis of the quantitative variables showed some significant differences between when the plan was in place and the years prior to its creation. Interviews with key stakeholders revealed the formation of new networks as a powerful outcome of the planning process. The results allowed me to gauge the overall impact of CreateAustin and make some observations about the cultural planning process in general, as well as uncover new directions for future research.