The research on natives’ attitudes regarding immigration has increased during the past decades. The overall findings question the common theory of labor market competition and that native attitudes are affected by personal economic considerations. In the same time an increased concern in the political debate has become immigration. In many countries, there is a growth and progress of political parties with a far-right orientation that disapproves and attempts to prevent immigration. We examine data on attitudes towards immigration from eight rounds of the European social survey (ESS) which covers the years between 2002-2016. We study if the attitudes in Europe towards immigration from poor non-member countries of the European Union have changed during the 21th century and examine if the massive acceleration of refugee applications during the refugee crisis in 2015 has had an impact on the attitudes towards immigration. We estimate different models to examine how different factors are associated with individuals' attitudes towards immigration. Furthermore, we test if the labor market competition model holds for the seventh round of ESS due to limitation in data. We find that natives’ attitudes have not become worse in Europe, and that the refugee crisis in 2015 has not made the attitudes worse. We find that the factors that are associated with individual attitudes towards immigration are to a large degree connected with cultural values and beliefs, and that individuals with more years of schooling are more likely to favor immigration regardless of where the immigrants come from. These findings are consistent with the growing body of empirical findings that considers that cultural values and believes are the main drivers of attitudes towards immigration, and that actual effects of immigration on income and employment are quite small. These findings put the labor market competition premise in forming immigration attitudes into question.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:31:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Johan Hendrik Poker Junior.pdf: 498521 bytes, checksum: 4b52a39378e7e571663267a4903d6a57 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-03-08 / Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa / This work contributed with confirmatory evidence about the influence of national cultural values in the capital structure of firms. The results confirm and extend the findings of Chui et al. (2002). The period of analysis is the range between 1988 and 2003, during this period were analyzed 8986 companies in 30 countries. For these same countries have been consolidated annual indicators of cultural values from the SVS (Schwartz Value Survey). Panel data analysis was used in the Compustat database with the use of accounting and market metrics. This analysis was done by employing the technique of two stage robust using the lagged dependent variable as an instrument of regression. Then the relationship of the residuals of panel data and the natural cultural values, consolidated from the SVS, was analyzed. Again,the two stage robust regression was employed, which confirmed the results obtained by previous research of Chui et al. (2002). / O presente trabalho contribuiu com indícios confirmatórios a respeito da influência dos valores culturais nacionais na estrutura de capital de empresas. Os resultados obtidos confirmam e expandem as conclusões de Chui et al. (2002). O período de análise corresponde ao intervalo entre 1988 e 2003, ao longo deste período foram analisadas 8986 empresas em 30 países. Para estes mesmos países foram consolidados anualmente os indicadores de valores culturais nacionais a partir da SVS (Schwartz Value Survey). Para tanto foi empregada a análise de dados em painel na base de dados Compustat com o emprego de métricas contábeis e de mercado. Tal análise se deu pelo emprego da técnica de regressão robusta em dois estágios utilizando a variável dependente defasada como instrumento da regressão. Em seguida a partir dos resíduos dos painéis de dados foi analisada a relação dos valores culturais nacionais, consolidados a partir da SVS através de nova análise de dados com regressão robusta em dois estágios que confirmou os resultados obtidos pela pesquisa prévia de Chui et al. (2002).

This thesis deals with the different roles and social functions of Swedish museums today. It consists of an analysis of five cultural policy documents, which have been reviewed with the purpose of categorizing the various tasks and visions for the museums described in the texts. The different statements have been categorized into three main categories: the museum as an institution of free knowledge, the museum as a foster and the museum as a social actor. Within these categories different directives appears, that both contradict and reinforce each other. Here is a mixture of both older values and contemporary words with positive connotations. There is also a constant construction of negatively charged ”counter images”, or problems – of which the document’s own policys are designed as the problem solver.   The various contradictions and paradoxes concerning the role and social function of the museum are seen in the thesis as an expression of the struggle between different discourses, proceeding from the concepts of discourse and hegemony presented by Laclau & Mouffe. Within the framework of these statements a process of negotiation between different discourses takes place, where different forces aim to fill different concepts with different meaning. This is important for the mission and social function of the museum, both today and in the future. The thesis finally shows how the museum functions as a social kitt, with the purpose of bringing together collective values in the fragmented and divided context of today. This functions as a protection against both internal and external threats.

The management of health and safety risks in the oil refinery tends to be centred on the collection and simulation of technical data which can then be used to make decisions on the wellbeing of the workforce as well as the refinery installations. While the number crunching in the process is immensely vital, there tends to be a problem of ignoring or, at the very least, side-lining the social-cultural values of the people dealing with health and safety risk assessment processes. The economic driver for the operation of the oil refinery tends to be more important because of the generally huge initial financial outlay, and the eventual high costs of maintenance; hence health and safety risk management should have evidence of ensuring that the installations, as well as the people that work in them, are well catered for. In the Kuwait Gulf Oil Company this problem is more evident in newer installations where lean management processes have been instituted by oil firms so that they can reduce waste in the oil refining process without compromising the occupational health and safety needs of the refinery. Therein lies the initial problem of integrating health and safety risk assessment processes because most approaches concentrate on the technical elements of waste elimination while ignoring the social-cultural factors that impact on the health and safety of the workforce. This is an exploratory piece of research that examines the impact of rational and cognitive decision theories – herein called the psychology of risk – and how they impact on the occupational health and safety systems in the oil and gas refining sector of Kuwait. The research concludes that the application of lean concepts in the oil refining process is noble in itself but it needs to be integrated with the rational and cognitive detection factors that are necessary to incorporate and support the social-cultural tendencies of the workforce. The research recommends a framework for incorporating social-cultural values in the decision making process pertaining to health and safety risk assessment in oil refining process plants. Key Words: occupational health and safety risk assessment; lean management; social-cultural values; rational and cognitive decision making; oil and gas process plants.

abstract: The relationship between settler-colonial governments and Indigenous nations has been a contentious one, filled with disingenuity and fueled by the abuse of power dynamics. Specifically, colonial governments have repeatedly used power in mapping, cultural Othering, resource control, and research methodologies to assimilate, acculturate, or otherwise dominate every aspect of Indigenous lives. A relatively recent pushback from Indigenous peoples led to the slow reclamation of sovereignty, including in the United States. Revamped federal Indian programs allegedly promote tribal self-determination, yet they paradoxically serve a vast quantity of cultures through singular blanket programs that are blind to the cultural component of Indigenous identity - the centerfold of colonial aggression for centuries. The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development’s Office of Public and Indian Housing is no exception, using a Western framework to provide generic services that neither serve cultural needs nor are tailored to the specific environment traditional homes were historically and epistemologically suited for. This research analyzes the successes of new programs as well as the failures of the federal government to conduct responsible research and promote the authentic self-determination of tribes in terms of housing and urban development. It also considers the successes and failures of tribes to effectively engage in program reformation negotiation, community planning, and accountability measures to ensure their communities are served with enough culturally-appropriate, sustainable housing without mistrusting their own housing entities. Solutions for revising this service gap are proposed, adhering to a framework that centers diverse cultural values, community input, and functional design to increase each tribe’s implementation of self-determination in HUD housing programs. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis American Indian Studies 2020

abstract: American Indian youth are experiencing a mental health crisis fueled by the lingering ramifications of experiencing a near cultural genocide. Scholarly literature indicates that American Indians have used their cultural values to survive the atrocities associated with colonization. The purpose of this Indigenous based mixed-methods action research project was to examine how Blackfoot elders perceive the transfer of values through ceremonies, cultural activities and traditional stories; and to what degree a Blackfoot way of knowing paradigm informs cultural connectedness, and school connectedness for students attending school on the Blackfeet Indian Reservation. The study was conducted through a Blackfoot way of knowing paradigm and consisted of two distinct but related data collection efforts. The first sample consisted of formal and informal interviews with 26 American Indian elders as well as observation notes from attending and participating in American Indian ceremonies in order to discover the traditional values believed transferred during ceremonies, cultural activities, and traditional stories. The elder interviews resulted in identifying ten traditional values encasing spirituality displayed in the Hoop of Traditional Blackfoot Values. The second sample consisted of 41 American Indian youth attending school on the Blackfeet Indian Reservation. The youth learned the values identified in the Blackfeet Education Standards “Hoops of Values” through a Blackfoot way of knowing paradigm and completed measures to assess cultural connectedness and school connectedness. In addition, all students were interviewed to develop a more robust understanding of the role culture plays in cultural connectedness and school connectedness and to lend a Blackfoot youth perspective to a Blackfoot way of knowing. Quantitative data analysis showed that a Blackfoot way of knowing paradigm significantly influences cultural connectedness but does not significantly influence school connectedness. In addition, analysis of the student interviews provided a Blackfeet youth perspective on cultural connectedness and school connectedness. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Educational Leadership and Policy Studies 2020

Kulturvärden i detaljplaner är en fallstudie som undersöker antikvariska förundersökningar framtagna till planprocessen. Huvudtemat som uppsatsen undersöker är hur metoder för identifierandet av kulturvärden påverkar den antikvariska förundersökningen. Slutsatsen visar att det ofta är svårt att läsa ut om en metod har använts eller inte då den inte alltid presenteras i förundersökningen. Vidare har uppsatsen åskådliggjort att antikvarien som tar fram planeringsunderlaget – i denna fallstudie – inte tydligt hävdar kulturvärdet mot andra intressen i planprocessen. Samtidigt finns inga krav idag på att ett sådant ställningstagande ska ske. / Cultural values in Detailed Development plans is a case study that examines antiquarian preliminary studies developed for the planning process. The main theme that the essay examines was how methods for identifying cultural values affect the antiquarian preliminary study. The conclusion shows that it is often difficult to read whether a method has been used or not as it is not always clearly presented in the preliminary study. Furthermore, the thesis has shown that the antiquarian who produces the planning data - in this case study - does not fully assert the cultural value against other interests in the planning process. At the same time, there are no requirements today for such a position to be taken.

The island of Gotland is associated with a distinctive nature, high biodiversity and a rich cultural history. However, these values have generated landscape management challenges due to shifting land use. The thesis proceeds from the peninsula of Östergarnslandet which has been recognized as one the most exposed areas to current changes. Simultaneously, Östergarnslandet has been acknowledged to sustain a traditional expression to a greater degree than other highly exposed places. By external recognition and ambition to preserve landscape values, this thesis suggests that there is a venture in altering the identity of the landscape when preserving the tangible. The purpose of this thesis was to show that safeguarding landscapes are far more than just biology but also about recognizing the people living within them. By using the methodology of the EU-horizon project RURITAGE the aim was to understand the area of research and find potential future approaches. By proceeding from Östergarnslandet, the main objective was to explore mental and factual landscapes with an aim to understand current landscape management of the area. Through this, the thesis has also aimed to answer how to safeguard landscape identity in changing landscapes. This was conducted by studying three different Nature 2000 and policy documents in relation to theoretical literature. The study suggests that there is an authorial division recognizing different values within the same landscape. At the same time, locality and the social impact is sometimes overlooked. To find sustainable approaches for safeguarding the landscape identity of Östergarnslandet, this thesis has looked at areas of recognized successful redevelopment. The areas are Southern Öland and Bråbygden. Gathered lessons were discussed in relation to the current landscape management of Östergarnslandet. In this part, two models were presented. The first model shows how transparency of the different sectors’ valuation of the landscape can be a tool to gain understanding and bridge different perception of value. The second model suggest how landscape identity can be sustained through external recognition generating pride and increased local participation.

This study investigated the relationship between Chinese young adults' usage of micro-blog and their cultural values. Data was collected from a group-administered survey, which was constituted by 484 students aged from 17 to 30 in variety majors in five colleges in Beijing. Results answered two research questions, indicating that there is a strong relationship between traditional cultural values' changes in Chinese young adults and micro-blog usage. The results also indicated that the more Chinese young adults engaged in micro-blog usage, the more likely they would show distinctive features in both Eastern and Western cultural values. In other words, highly active Chinese micro-blog users have crossed the Eastern and Western cultural boundaries and are developing bicultural identity due to globalization in media environment.

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