Orientador: Fátima Aparecida Cabral / Banca: Lúcia Arrais Morales / Banca: Terezinha Ferrari / Resumo: Neste trabalho buscamos analisar criticamente o fenômeno do pós-humano que se configura basicamente como uma ideologia contemporânea pela qual se assenta uma perspectiva pragmatista de homem, isto é, de homem apartado de sua humanidade e de seu devir na história. Interpretado como resultante dos recentes desenvolvimentos técnicos e científicos, o pós-humano seria assim uma projeção fáustica do homem para além da sua naturalidade biológica. No entanto, a partir de uma apreensão ontológica do homem como ser social, entendemos ser o pós-humano um equívoco conceitual à medida que faz do homem um ser sem qualidades essencialmente humanas, um ser sem consciência universal. Prova disso encontramos na concepção de homem forjada pelo físico norte-americano Norbert Wiener no bojo da cibernética, ou seja, um homem cuja identidade não consiste nesse material limitado e perecível que é o corpo, mas num padrão biológico informacional que pode ser transmitido ou modificado, pelo menos "teoricamente". Em vista disso, notamos que o ideário do póshumano é tributário dessa particular concepção de homem cibernético. / Abstract:In this work we critically examine the phenomenon of post-human that is configured basically as a contemporary ideology in which sits a pragmatist view of man, that is, a man apart from his humanity and its future in history. Interpreted as the result of recent technical and scientific developments, the post-human would be like a Faustian man's projection beyond its natural biodiversity. However, from an ontological apprehension of man as a social being, we understand that the post-human as a conceptual mistake that makes a man without qualities to be essentially human, without being a universal consciousness. Proof of that found in the conception of man forged by American physicist, Norbert Wiener of cybernetics in the bulge, or a man whose identity is not restricted and perishable material that is the body, but an informational biological pattern that can be transmitted or modified at least "theoretically". In view of this, we note that the idea of the posthuman is a tributary of that particular conception of human cybernetic. / Mestre

Nesta tese são abordados, de maneira integrada, aspectos de paralelismo em visão natural e artificial, com discussões críticas das diversas áreas relacionadas. O paralelismo é discutido no sistema visual dos primatas, assim como suas principais contribuições e motivações incentivando a incorporação de paralelismo em sistemas de visão artificial. Um dos objetivos principais é fornecer as bases de paralelismo para o desenvolvimento do projeto Cyvis-1, uma proposta do Grupo de Pesquisa em Visão Cibernética (IFSC-USP) para visão versátil, com forte motivação biológica e baseada no córtex visual dos primatas. Para tanto, foi introduzida e implementada a proposta CVMP (Cybernetic Vision Message Passage), um conjunto de ferramentas para o desenvolvimento de aplicações paralelas em visão, tanto para sistemas distribuídos como para máquinas multiprocessadores. Baseada em programação orientada a objetos, interação homem-máquina, engenharia de software e programação visual, a proposta prima pelo desenvolvimento de forma simples e amigável. O CVMP é testado, avaliado e validado quanto a aspectos de funcionalidade e utilização, através da implementação paralela de diversos algoritmos de visão computacional e de processamento de imagens (operadores locais, transformada de Hough e transformada de Fourier, entre outros) os quais, além de ilustrar a utilização da ferramenta, são discutidos em termos de arquitetura e balanceamento de carga. São apresentadas três aplicações reais de sistemas paralelos de visão computacional, implementadas através do CVMP, demonstrando a eficiência da ferramenta, na implementação paralela, na utilização e cooperação de trabalho. Duas destas aplicações (integração de atributos visuais no projeto Cyvis-1 e um modelo de complexidade com base na percepção humana), foram desenvolvidas em conjunto com outros pesquisadores do Grupo de Pesquisa em Visão Cibernética. A terceira aplicação apresenta uma proposta do autor para um sistema automático de reconhecimento de plantas arbóreas (Botânica) / This thesis addresses, in an integrated way, the concept and usage of parallelism in natural and artificial vision. It starts by revising the primate visual system, and discussing how its principles and solutions can be extended to computational systems. One of the main objectives is to supply the parallelism backbone for the development of the Cyvis-1 System, which is a proposal of the Cybernetic Vision Research Group (IFSC-USP) for versatile vision, presenting a strong biological motivation, especially regarding the primate visual cortex. In order to achieve these objectives, the CVMP - Cybernetic Vision Message Passage - had to be developed, representing a set of simple and friendly parallel tools for computer vision applications in distributed and parallel (multiprocessor) systems, which is based on object oriented programming, human-machine interaction, software engineering and visual programming. The CVMP is tested, evaluated and validated with respect to functionality and utilization through the parallel implementation of several algorithms in computer vision and image processing (local operators, Hough transform, Fourier transform, etc.) which, in addition to illustrating the tools, are also discussed as far as their architecture and load balancing is concerned. Three applications of parallel computer vision systems to real situations are presented and implemented by using CVMP, corroborating the effectiveness of the tools in the parallel implementation, usage, and researcher integration. Two such applications (visual attributes integration in Cyvis-1 and a human complexity model) have been developed in collaboration with other researchers at the Cybernetic Vision Research Group. The third application presents the author\'s proposal for an automated system for arboreal plants recognition (Botany)

In the 1930s and 1940s, less than one percent of the Swedish population were in higher education. By the beginning of 1990s this proportion had reached 2.4%. During the 1990s, however, a new economic current flowed in Swedish higher education. A period of general economic stringency brought the costs of higher education under scrutiny. Further expansion, therefore, was to be accompanied by a reduction of unit costs. A discourse of expansion was to be joined by discourse of efficiency. By the end of the 1990s, however, an efficiency discourse based on quality assurance was facing difficulties. The educational merits of the efficiency reforms were not easily discerned. A new educational - or pedagogical - emphasis emerged. Quality and effectiveness were to be augmented via ‘quality enhancement processes’ and by ‘mobilising the inner resources’ of each institution. The emphasis of such thinking was on development of institutional practices that ‘best favour the development of activities’ that, in turn, lead to the ‘best long-term outcomes in teaching and research’. For these reasons, the student body had entered a new world by the start of the third millennium. The proportion of traditional students was matched by the proportion of non-traditional students. These changes, demographic and economic, represented a challenge to policy-makers and practitioners in Swedish higher education. Was it possible to ‘mobilise inner resources’ to meet the challenge of this new body of students? This thesis focuses on one of the responses to this challenge – the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) as an integral part of the pedagogics of higher education. Can ICT, therefore, become an add-in rather than an add-on to higher education. In particular, this thesis focuses not on teaching in general but, rather on an add-in issue; that is, can formative assessment be used as an integral support for learning. Five papers provide perspectives on this response; and the introduction sets the scene by identifying the key ideas that hold the studies together, reporting the development projects that were used to clarify these ideas; clarifying the events and ideas which governed the preparation of the five papers; and, finally, summarising the conclusions that arise from my research. The landscape of learning, like the physical landscape, is constantly changing. But are these changes superficial? Are they the result of ideas and tools that merely till the surface of the learning landscape? Or do these tools contribute to shaping the new knowledge that is expected of the learning society? This thesis explores these overarching questions. It concludes that the distinction between ICT as add-on or as an add-in remains central to the organisation of formal education in Sweden.

Submitted by Emanuel Varela Cardoso (emanuel.varela@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-08-31T22:34:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 RONY MARCOLINO DE ANDRADE – DISSERTAÇÃO (PPGCC) 2016.pdf: 3165388 bytes, checksum: e26452f5e3e73c3c717d633f0d6743b7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-31T22:34:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RONY MARCOLINO DE ANDRADE – DISSERTAÇÃO (PPGCC) 2016.pdf: 3165388 bytes, checksum: e26452f5e3e73c3c717d633f0d6743b7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-02 / Os Sistemas Físico-Cibernéticos (SFC) são sistemas que surgiram da confluência da conectividade das redes, dos dispositivos embarcados e do controle computacional sobre processos físicos. Dessa forma os SFC se caracterizam como sistemas de controle, monitoramento e supervisão com componentes físicos e virtuais, que dependem de agentes humanos no processo. Nesse sentido, a combinação dos SFC à física dinâmica e complexa dos pacientes clínicos faz surgir uma classe distintas de sistemas médicos denominada de Sistemas Médicos Físico-Cibernéticos (SMFC). No domínio industrial há plantas que possuem sensores e atuadores que muitas vezes dependem de agentes humanos para manutenção e controle. Diferentemente, no domínio da saúde, o ser humano é o próprio processo a ser controlado, onde sensores e atuadores são os dispositivos médicos, e os agentes humanos são os cuidadores. Esse trabalho propõe uma abordagem para a construção de modelos de dispositivos médicos, como parte de um conjunto de artefatos para apoiar os testes de SMFC. Esta abordagem se baseia em modelos de referência que simulam o funcionamento de dispositivos médicos. Especificações técnicas fornecidas pelos fabricantes desses dispositivos, juntamente com diretrizes disponibilizadas por agências reguladoras, foram utilizadas para a definição da abordagem proposta. Além disso, um estudo de caso com três dispositivos médicos foi desenvolvido com o fim de validar a abordagem, criando artefatos e modelos de referência. / Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) are systems that have emerged from the confluence of the connectivity of networks, embedded devices and computer control of physical processes. Thus, SFC are characterized as control, monitoring and supervision systems with physical and virtual components, which depend on human agents in the process. In this sense, the combination of SFC dynamic and complex physics of medical patients enable a distinct class of medical systems called Medical Cyber Physical Systems (MCPS). In the industrial area, there are plants with sensors and actuators that often rely on human agents for maintenance and control. On the other hand, in the field of health, human being is the process itself to be controlled, where sensors and actuators are medical devices and human agents are caregivers. MCPS perform monitoring and control of human health with high levels of security. This paper proposes an approach to build models of medical devices, as part of a set of artifacts to support MCPS testing. This approach is based on reference models which simulate the operation of medical devices. Technical specifications provide by manufacturers of these devices, along with guidelines provided by regulatory agencies, were used for the definition of the proposed approach. Moreover, a case study with three medical device was designed to validate the approach, creating some artifacts and reference models.

Nesta tese são abordados, de maneira integrada, aspectos de paralelismo em visão natural e artificial, com discussões críticas das diversas áreas relacionadas. O paralelismo é discutido no sistema visual dos primatas, assim como suas principais contribuições e motivações incentivando a incorporação de paralelismo em sistemas de visão artificial. Um dos objetivos principais é fornecer as bases de paralelismo para o desenvolvimento do projeto Cyvis-1, uma proposta do Grupo de Pesquisa em Visão Cibernética (IFSC-USP) para visão versátil, com forte motivação biológica e baseada no córtex visual dos primatas. Para tanto, foi introduzida e implementada a proposta CVMP (Cybernetic Vision Message Passage), um conjunto de ferramentas para o desenvolvimento de aplicações paralelas em visão, tanto para sistemas distribuídos como para máquinas multiprocessadores. Baseada em programação orientada a objetos, interação homem-máquina, engenharia de software e programação visual, a proposta prima pelo desenvolvimento de forma simples e amigável. O CVMP é testado, avaliado e validado quanto a aspectos de funcionalidade e utilização, através da implementação paralela de diversos algoritmos de visão computacional e de processamento de imagens (operadores locais, transformada de Hough e transformada de Fourier, entre outros) os quais, além de ilustrar a utilização da ferramenta, são discutidos em termos de arquitetura e balanceamento de carga. São apresentadas três aplicações reais de sistemas paralelos de visão computacional, implementadas através do CVMP, demonstrando a eficiência da ferramenta, na implementação paralela, na utilização e cooperação de trabalho. Duas destas aplicações (integração de atributos visuais no projeto Cyvis-1 e um modelo de complexidade com base na percepção humana), foram desenvolvidas em conjunto com outros pesquisadores do Grupo de Pesquisa em Visão Cibernética. A terceira aplicação apresenta uma proposta do autor para um sistema automático de reconhecimento de plantas arbóreas (Botânica) / This thesis addresses, in an integrated way, the concept and usage of parallelism in natural and artificial vision. It starts by revising the primate visual system, and discussing how its principles and solutions can be extended to computational systems. One of the main objectives is to supply the parallelism backbone for the development of the Cyvis-1 System, which is a proposal of the Cybernetic Vision Research Group (IFSC-USP) for versatile vision, presenting a strong biological motivation, especially regarding the primate visual cortex. In order to achieve these objectives, the CVMP - Cybernetic Vision Message Passage - had to be developed, representing a set of simple and friendly parallel tools for computer vision applications in distributed and parallel (multiprocessor) systems, which is based on object oriented programming, human-machine interaction, software engineering and visual programming. The CVMP is tested, evaluated and validated with respect to functionality and utilization through the parallel implementation of several algorithms in computer vision and image processing (local operators, Hough transform, Fourier transform, etc.) which, in addition to illustrating the tools, are also discussed as far as their architecture and load balancing is concerned. Three applications of parallel computer vision systems to real situations are presented and implemented by using CVMP, corroborating the effectiveness of the tools in the parallel implementation, usage, and researcher integration. Two such applications (visual attributes integration in Cyvis-1 and a human complexity model) have been developed in collaboration with other researchers at the Cybernetic Vision Research Group. The third application presents the author\'s proposal for an automated system for arboreal plants recognition (Botany)

La distraction du conducteur est un des facteurs importants à l’origine des accidents de la route. La détection de la distraction dans le contexte industriel et à faible coût conduit à privilégier des indicateurs reposant sur les capteurs déjà disponibles dans un véhicule série. Cependant, les systèmes actuels sont en général insuffisamment fiables, notamment parce que les grandeurs observées pour réaliser la détection sont assez éloignées du phénomène purement physiologique de distraction. L’approche étudiée ici a consisté à rajouter un modèle de comportement du conducteur (modèle cybernétique), rendant compte des fonctions perceptives et motrices support du contrôle latéral du véhicule. Les paramètres de ce modèle ont été estimés en procédant tour à tour à une identification par paquet de données d’entrée/sortie et à une identification récursive, cette dernière permettant de suivre continûment l'évolution paramétrique. Ensuite, trois approches ont été envisagées pour modéliser voire estimer l’état de distraction, considérant successivement la distraction comme une perturbation affectant les paramètres, la sortie ou l’entrée du modèle cybernétique du conducteur:Approche 1 - La distraction est modélisée comme une perturbation additive en sortie du modèle. Le couple produit par le conducteur est comparé au couple prédit par le modèle rendant compte de la conduite hors distraction. L’erreur de prédiction du couple constitue dans ce cadre le résidu dont la sensibilité à l’état de distraction du conducteur a été étudiée.Approche 2 - La distraction est modélisée par des perturbations multiplicatives, affectant certains paramètres du modèle. L’analyse des paramètres obtenus dans des phases de conduite avec et sans distraction a permis d’étudier leur capacité à rendre compte de la nature et de l’état de la distraction.Approche 3 - La distraction est modélisée comme une perturbation additive sur l’entrée du modèle. L’estimation de cette perturbation constitue un résidu également sensible à l’état de distraction. Les principes et algorithmes proposés pour estimer l’état de distraction ont été validés à partir de données expérimentales collectées pendant une campagne de tests effectuée sur un simulateur de conduite à base fixe, impliquant 35 conducteurs. Les conditions de test alternaient des phases de conduite normale et sujettes à des distractions de différentes natures : distractions cognitive, visuelle, visuomotrice et motrice. Les trois approches proposées donnent des résultats similaires et cohérents entre eux. / Distracted driving is one of the important factors that cause road accidents. The detection of the driver’s state of distraction in the industrial context and at low-cost leads to privilege the indicators based on sensors that are already available on the vehicle. However,current systems are generally not reliable enough, especially because the observed magnitudes to achieve detection are quite far from a purely physiological phenomenon distraction. This led us to propose solutions based on a cybernetic driver model that represent the visual and motor process involved in the lateral control of the vehicle. The parameters of this model have been estimated by conducting successively identification exploiting data packets and recursive identification, the latter allowing to track continuously the parametric evolution over time. Then, three approaches were considered to model or estimate the state of distraction, by modeling alternately thedistraction as a disturbance affecting parameters, the output or the input of the cybernetic model of the driver:Approach 1 - The distraction is modeled as an additive disturbance on the model output. The experimental output, the driver steering wheel torque, is then compared with the predicted steering wheel torque to generate the torque prediction error that is sensitive to the state of distraction.Approach 2 - The distraction is modeled as disturbances that affect the model parameters. The analysis of these parameters identified during normal and distracted driving periods showed that the parameters’ variation depends effectively on the driver’s state of distraction.Approach 3 - Distraction is modeled as an additive disturbance on the input of the model. The estimate of this disturbance is also a significant residue, sensitive to the state of distraction. The principles and algorithms proposed for estimating the state of distraction were validated using experimental data collected during a test campaign conducted on a fixed-base driving simulator, involving 35 drivers. The test conditions alternated normal driving phases and prone to distractions of various kinds: cognitive distractions, visual, visual-motor and motor. The three proposed approaches give similar and consistent results between them.

El capital relacional es definido como un componente del capital intelectual, siendo un valor intangible de la organización, se explica generalmente como relaciones con y/o entre clientes, proveedores y empleados, coadyuva con la solución y disminución de problemas y restringe la imitación, en consecuencia se puede desprender que hay variedad de definiciones para este, y principalmente se puede presumir que puede absorber, explotar y explorar nuevos conocimientos para obtener y mantener posiciones de ventaja competitiva. Esta investigación realizada permite dar a conocer que, de la literatura revisada, todas las definiciones de capital relacional se muestran como positivas y que contribuyen a las empresas; por ello, la investigación está más centrada en las transversales identificadas (confianza, interacción, compromiso y cooperación) y de qué manera contribuyen al capital relacional, además se muestra la definición y las posturas a favor y en contra con respecto a las mencionadas transversales, asimismo se puede ver la aplicación de las transversales tanto a las empresas como al personal, disgregando de ello que el capital relacional tiene funciones tanto dentro, entre los trabajadores, como fuera, entre empresas, identificando ejemplos reales extraídos de la revisión de la literatura para dar un mejor entendimiento del mismo. Finalmente, esta investigación además de contribuir al conocimiento y a investigaciones futuras te permite extraer información que puedes aplicar para solucionar y/o disminuir problemas que se presenten en la empresa o rubro en el que te desempeñes. / Relational capital is defined as a component of intellectual capital, being an intangible value of the organization, it is frequently explained as relationships with customers, suppliers and employees, it helps with the solution and reduction of problems and restriction of imitation, in So Therefore, it can be presumed that there are a variety of limitations for this, and mainly it can be presumed that it can absorb, exploit and explore new knowledge to obtain and maintain positions of competitive advantage. This research carried out reveals that, from the literature reviewed, all relational capital variables are considered positive and that companies are considered, which is why the research is more focused on the cross-sections identified (trust, interaction, commitment and cooperation) and how they affect relational capital, it also shows the definition and positions in favor and against with respect to cross-sectional criticism, the application of cross-sectional views to both companies and personnel can be seen, breaking up that relational capital has functions both within, between workers, and outside, between companies, identifying real examples drawn from the literature review to give a better understanding of it. Finally, this additional research to contribute to knowledge and future research allows information that can be applied to solve and / or reduce problems that arise in the company or area in which it is carried out. / Trabajo de Suficiencia Profesional

This study focuses on the cybernetic complementarity of stability and change in family therapy. Stability and change involve both the client and therapist, and is a selfreferential process where the observer is part of that which is observed. One couple was involved in ten therapy sessions. During the action research cycles of planning, acting and reflecting, the principles of systems theory, cybernetics and second cybernetics were implemented. A team consisting of one lecturer and two students were actively involved throughout all the phases of the research process. During therapy, the therapist focused on stability to facilitate change in the structure of the couple's organizational system. The research served as a good example of how punctuation of two complementarity processes (stability and change) can enable and empower clients to autonomously reflect on their own behaviour, and to make decisions regarding patterns they would like or feel ready to change. / Social Science (Mental Health) / Thesis (M. Soc. Science)--University of South Africa, 2001. / M.A. (Social Science (Mental Health))

This study sets out to demonstrate the usefulness of cybernetic description for grief therapy, specifically the field parental loss of a child. This paradigm was used to facilitate an alternate mode of conceptualisation, one engendering a more encompassing, aesthetic view. The following core cybernetic concepts were used: punctuation, complementarity, pattern and metapattern forming the framework of cybernetic description as applied. A literature study attempting to merge the gestalt of cybernetic description with that of bereavement theory, specifically that pertaining to the parental loss of a child, is presented. A single case study is described illustrating how cybernetic description is applied to the grief narrative. Arising out of this, the implications of cybernetic description for the field of grief and social work in general are outlined. / Social Work / M.A. (Social Science (Mental Health))

This thesis constitutes a narrative description of the evolution of my therapeutic self during my training as a clinical psychologist. During the telling of this story, I review the ways in which I was perturbed by the mix between the various theories and the various contexts visited during the years of my post-graduate training. I have described and critically compared my responses to the following models: psychoanalytic, psychodynamic, first-order cybernetic, and secondorder cybernetic (covering the first, second and third movements). Throughout, I have attempted to track the development of a congruent, personal therapeutic self while simultaneously assuming that this self is constantly coming-into-being. / Psychology / M.A. (Clinical Psychology)