本研究以整體性的方式來分析目前國內在董監事及重要職員責任保險的市場發展情況。分別就目前的環境與法令制度、董監事及重要職員責任保險之供給情形、以及董監事及重要職員責任保險之需求等三方面，做進一步的分析探討。透過整合性的分析可以瞭解國內企業對於董監事及重要職員責任保險的真正需求，同時將分析的結果提供作為參考的依據。 本文首先歸納摘要環境與法令制度，其次針對董監事及重要職員責任保險之供給面進行實際訪談；而在董監事及重要職員責任保險需求方面，則建立三項實證分析模型。模型一是以購買D&O保險之保險金額為依變數與自變數之間的關係;模型二是以購買D&O保險之保險費為依變數與自變數之間的關係，來探討董監事及重要職員責任保險之需求情形。模型三是以D&O保險之保險費除以保險金額，即保險費率為依變數與自變數間的關係。自變數方面則分成三大類，分別為公司特色、代理問題、以及財務結構等三項進行迴歸分析。 結果顯示國內D&O保險需求的最主要影響因素為股東總數與內部董事持股數兩項顯著變數。在保險費率釐訂方面，影響費率的主要因素為資本額(Capital)與董監事報酬(D&O payments)兩項變數。透過實證分析結果可知董監事及重要職員責任保險除了供給與需求兩方面外，也必須有環境因素與法令規定等因素的考量，彼此間環環相扣下，才能詳盡地瞭解國內董監事及重要職員責任保險。

Acompanhando o desenvolvimento do mercado de capitais brasileiro, a procura pelo seguro de responsabilidade civil de diretores e administradores, cujo principal objetivo é ressarcir as perdas pecuniárias que os administradores venham a sofrer em virtude de reclamações de terceiros, cresceu significativamente nos últimos anos. Se de um lado este seguro mostra-se um importante instrumento de proteção aos administradores diligentes que porventura tenham seu patrimônio afetado para reparação de danos a terceiros prejudicados por seus atos, de outro, ele poderia servir de incentivo aos maus gestores que, amparados pelo seguro, negligenciariam seus deveres e obrigações enquanto administradores, gerando o chamado risco moral (moral hazard). Mediante a análise de hipóteses em que se discute a aplicação do seguro no âmbito da administração das companhias, este trabalho propõe-se a examinar de que forma os múltiplos efeitos resultantes da aplicabilidade ou o do afastamento da aplicabilidade do seguro afetam o comportamento dos administradores, bem como debater a admissibilidade do seguro no direito brasileiro, vis-à-vis os questionamentos relativos às situações que colocam em xeque a viabilidade da cobertura securitária. / Following the development of the Brazilian capital market, the demand for the directors and officers liability insurance (D&O Insurance) whose main purpose is to indemnify pecuniary losses incurred by managers as a result of third-party complaints against them grew considerably in the past few years. On the one hand, the D&O Insurance appears as an important instrument for protection of diligent managers who happen to have their assets affected in order to indemnify damages deriving from their acts; on the other hand, this type of insurance could be seen as an incentive for bad managers, who could neglect their duties and obligations in their capacity as officers based on the protection afforded by the D&O Insurance, therefore increasing the so-named moral hazard. By analyzing the hypothesis in which the applicability of the insurance is questionable, this paper intends to examine how the multiple effects arising from the applicability or the inapplicability of the D&O Insurance affect the managers behavior, as well as to discuss the admissibility of this type of insurance by the Brazilian law, vis-à-vis the situations where the feasibility of the insurance coverage is questionable.

Acompanhando o desenvolvimento do mercado de capitais brasileiro, a procura pelo seguro de responsabilidade civil de diretores e administradores, cujo principal objetivo é ressarcir as perdas pecuniárias que os administradores venham a sofrer em virtude de reclamações de terceiros, cresceu significativamente nos últimos anos. Se de um lado este seguro mostra-se um importante instrumento de proteção aos administradores diligentes que porventura tenham seu patrimônio afetado para reparação de danos a terceiros prejudicados por seus atos, de outro, ele poderia servir de incentivo aos maus gestores que, amparados pelo seguro, negligenciariam seus deveres e obrigações enquanto administradores, gerando o chamado risco moral (moral hazard). Mediante a análise de hipóteses em que se discute a aplicação do seguro no âmbito da administração das companhias, este trabalho propõe-se a examinar de que forma os múltiplos efeitos resultantes da aplicabilidade ou o do afastamento da aplicabilidade do seguro afetam o comportamento dos administradores, bem como debater a admissibilidade do seguro no direito brasileiro, vis-à-vis os questionamentos relativos às situações que colocam em xeque a viabilidade da cobertura securitária. / Following the development of the Brazilian capital market, the demand for the directors and officers liability insurance (D&O Insurance) whose main purpose is to indemnify pecuniary losses incurred by managers as a result of third-party complaints against them grew considerably in the past few years. On the one hand, the D&O Insurance appears as an important instrument for protection of diligent managers who happen to have their assets affected in order to indemnify damages deriving from their acts; on the other hand, this type of insurance could be seen as an incentive for bad managers, who could neglect their duties and obligations in their capacity as officers based on the protection afforded by the D&O Insurance, therefore increasing the so-named moral hazard. By analyzing the hypothesis in which the applicability of the insurance is questionable, this paper intends to examine how the multiple effects arising from the applicability or the inapplicability of the D&O Insurance affect the managers behavior, as well as to discuss the admissibility of this type of insurance by the Brazilian law, vis-à-vis the situations where the feasibility of the insurance coverage is questionable.

The diploma thesis is concerned with current topics of business insurance risks. The goal of thesis is to explore actual business risks in the world and ways of protection, analyze development of business insurance market in the Czech Republic, categorize business insurance risks and in conclusion describe selected insurance products in detail, which will influence the market structure of business insurance most in future I suppose. These product are Key person insurance (Keyman), Directors and Officers liability insurance (D&O) and Environmental insurance. My analysis showed that the most important global business risks currently are economic risks, business interruption risks and risks of natural disasters. Businessmen in the following period will have to deal primarily with the threat of regulation and compliance, maintain continued access to credit and recover from economic recession. The business insurance market is growing slightly and also provides great potential for growth in the future. Major trend in the field of business insurance last years is stagnation and decline of insurance rates. It can be expected that the structure of business insurance market will be affected mostly by liability insurance.

Memoria (licenciado en ciencias jurídicas y sociales) / La presente investigación comenzó en el taller de memoria “Administración de patrimonio ajeno, relaciones fiduciarias y conflictos de interés”. El fin de este curso consistió en investigar el uso del D&O como una –desconocida en Chile- supuesta herramienta para alinear intereses en el gobierno corporativo. Sin embargo, en una primera mirada a la bibliografía comparada se vio que también se sostenía que el D&O podía ser un costo de agencia. De ahí que el objetivo de la presente investigación devino en descubrir si dicho supuesto es cierto, es decir, si es efectivo el uso del D&O como una herramienta de gobierno corporativo y, de serlo, bajo qué supuestos cumpliría 9 dicha función. Lo anterior supone averiguar si el D&O tiene tal carácter siempre, o solo bajo ciertos supuestos. Si es aquélla la causa única de su contratación, o existen otras razones, etc. Estudiamos el D&O desde el mercado asegurativo y el ordenamiento jurídico nacional relativo al tema e intentamos averiguar sobre la contratación del seguro D&O en Chile. Para lograrlo, a falta de fuentes escritas recurrimos a entrevistas con personas dedicadas al rubro. También investigamos al seguro D&O basándonos principalmente en su principal mercado, EUA, el cual servirá de referencia principal en el presente estudio.

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The topic of the submitted diploma thesis is the directors and officers liability insurance of members of a joint stock company bodies and its aim is to analyze this insurance product and to evaluate possibilities of its use in domestic conditions. This theme is topical because of the recent financial crisis as well as with regard to the recodification of the Czech private law which resulted in demanding more requirements on members of a joint stock company bodies during performance of their office and most importantly the danger of guaranty for obligations of company in accordance with the provision § 68 of the law on commercial corporations constitutes a really big threat for members of a joint stock company bodies. In order to understand the dangers from which the insurance should protect, first of all the first chapter is dedicated to basic characteristics of joint stock company and mainly to duties of members of a joint stock company bodies which are divided into two groups in this thesis - fiduciary duties (duty of due care, duty of loyalty, duty of secrecy, prohibition of competition, duty of personal performance of office) and so called "technical" duties. In the next chapter there is briefly examined the legislation of liability and compensation for damage where these issues are consulted...

En droits français et italien des sociétés il est difficile d'affirmer l'existence "d'un" droit à réparation en particulier lorsqu'il s'agit du préjudice social, sa réparation étant freinée par le manque d'effectivité de l'action sociale, et du préjudice individuel de l'associé, sa reconnaissance au fond étant limitée. Il est également difficile pour les victimes d'affirmer l'existence "du" droit à réparation, en raison d' obstacles de nature procédurale et financière rencontrés dans la mise en oeuvre de leur droit jusqu'à l'éventuelle condamnation. Les difficultés rencontrées par les victimes révèlent le manque d'effectivité de la réparation des dommages causés par le dirigeant et, par là même, le manque d'effectivité de la responsabilité personnelle de ce dernier. L'étude de certaines dispositions nouvelles des deux pays, en particulier du droit italien, nous invite cependant à réfléchir sur les perspectives d'évolutions. / .

隨著現代企業規模逐漸擴大，內部結構分工複雜，為了控制經營與所有分離所產生之代理問題，公司經營者被賦予越來越繁多的法律義務，一旦不慎違反，可能招致沈重的法律責任，而使其個人財產暴露於賠償責任損失風險之下。承擔公司營運職責之經營者，一般負有忠實義務及注意義務，其執行職務行為必須遵守法令、公司章程以及股東會決議，若有違反，受到求償的來源則可能包括公司股東、投資人、受僱人，乃至於消費者及行政監理機關。移轉公司經營者法律責任風險之機制，目前以公司補償制度及董監事及重要職員（D&O）責任保險為主，兩者架構雖有差異，但均為保障公司經營者之個人財產而設，具有互補輔助的功能。我國目前並未採用公司補償制度，然而D&O責任保險近年來已快速發展，本文就其於我國之適用情況進行探討，並分別對於公司經營者、保險業者以及政府主管機關提出建議，作為將來持續推動公司治理措施與公司經營者法律責任風險管理架構之參考。