Thesis (M.Ed.)--University of Hong Kong, 1995. / Includes bibliographical references (leave 115-125). Also available in print.

published_or_final_version / Sociology / Master / Master of Social Sciences

published_or_final_version / Sociology / Master / Master of Social Sciences

published_or_final_version / Social Work / Master / Master of Social Sciences

published_or_final_version / Social Work / Master / Master of Social Work

published_or_final_version / Sociology / Master / Master of Philosophy

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / A dependÃncia quÃmica à um problema social relevante na sociedade contemporÃnea, atingindo milhares de indivÃduos, ignorando distinÃÃes de classe social, gÃnero, etnia ou credo religioso. Considerando que a maioria das pesquisas endereÃadas a este fenÃmeno se origina dos saberes mÃdicos e psicolÃgicos, a intenÃÃo desta tese à incluir este campo no Ãmbito das ciÃncias sociais, privilegiando uma abordagem compreensiva da dependÃncia quÃmica, analisando-a como um fenÃmeno polissÃmico que possui estreito vÃnculo com o social. Embora este trabalho nÃo menospreze as variÃveis biolÃgicas e psicolÃgicas do objeto, o foco desta pesquisa foi averiguar como determinadas representaÃÃes sociais (pecado, crime e doenÃa) estÃo associadas ao abuso de drogas e influenciam na construÃÃo social de rÃtulos e estigmas relacionados a esta forma de transgressÃo. A pesquisa de campo foi realizada, majoritariamente, em clÃnicas de recuperaÃÃo de dependentes quÃmicos e grupos de ajuda mÃtua como AlcoÃlicos AnÃnimos e NarcÃticos AnÃnimos, utilizando metodologias qualitativas como observaÃÃo participante, entrevista e grupo focal. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram dependentes quÃmicos em processo de recuperaÃÃo, terapeutas, mÃdicos, assistentes sociais, policiais e religiosos, todos envolvidos diretamente com problemas relacionados ao abuso de drogas lÃcitas e ilÃcitas. Constatou-se que a dependÃncia quÃmica à cada vez mais definida como uma doenÃa, mas trata-se de uma patologia complexa que tambÃm incorpora representaÃÃes da religiÃo, da moral e do direito penal. TambÃm foi abordada a questÃo da solidariedade entre dependentes quÃmicos, alicerÃada nos pressupostos da dÃdiva, como recurso de recuperaÃÃo e sociabilidade.

This thesis, presented as a collection of articles, journalistic in its tone, is titled "Menace or Moral Panic? Methamphetamine and the New Zealand Press". Within the collection, evidence and background information is presented that supports a claim that a moral panic fitting Stanley Cohen's classic model occurred between 1999 and 2004.This moral panic was also identified using Stuart Hall's definition of a moral panic outlined in his mugging study published in 1978 as well as the more contemporary model of Goode and Ben-Yehuda (1994). Jock Young's theory of The Deviance Amplification Spiral is also addressed and can be applied to this collection when considering the close 'symbiotic' relationship that our press here in New Zealand have with our police force. In looking at this particular subject it is vital that we look at how drugs and drug use play a role in the media. Also as part of the backgrounding for this collection it was of critical importance to find whether a moral panic happened anywhere else in the world in relation to methamphetamine. Two previous moral panics about methamphetamine are featured in this collection as part of a case study presented in "Ancient Anecdotes meet Modernity: Drugs and the Rise of Methamphetamine" in which between the years of 1989 and 1996 America passed through two moral panics brought on to a considerable extent by a mixture of media hype and political opportunism. By including a foreign case study we can begin to see how the New Zealand methamphetamine situation had similarities to the American example, making identification of New Zealand's moral panic more definitive. Giving verification to the claims, a lengthy analysis of twenty-five samples from the New Zealand press is also featured in this collection. By looking at the way the stories from the samples developed identification of the various stages of the moral panic become more visible. The last article in this collection investigates, using expert interviews, if there is enough evidence to support the claim that methamphetamine may be a menace to New Zealand society, but that the extent of that menace may be exaggerated by a moral panic brought on by our media and fuelled by our police force.

The objective of this thesis is to gain a deeper understanding of the disciplinary purpose of elementary school by asking authorities to define it in relation to education which takes place outside of school, and how school shapes the behavior of children by examining how the ones who deviate from its discipline are viewed and treated by its experts. In order to answer this I have used a phenomenological approach by interviewing several individuals’ common understanding of the disciplinary purpose of school, and found that the school disciplines by the use of surface-rearing, in-depth rearing, and group conformity. The theories which has helped to understand the empirical data and put it in a larger context is Foucault’s theories of discipline, Durkheim’s theory of moral authority and social facts, and Aronson’s theories of conformity. The study has revealed that the disciplinary purpose of school is of equal or greater importance than the purpose of transmitting knowledge, and it reveals that the discipline is not merely a method which the teacher uses on its students, but that the school itself works as an apparatus of discipline. / Syftet med denna studie är att få en djupare förståelse av grundskolans mål av att disciplinera genom att be myndigheter att definiera det i relation till utbildning som tar plats utanför skolan, och hur skolan formar barns beteende genom att studera hur de som avviker från disciplinen uppfattas och behandlas av skolans experter. För att svara på detta har jag använt mig av en fenomenologisk ansats genom att intervjua ett flertal individers gemensamma upplevelse av skolans disciplinära mål, och upptäckte att skolan disciplinerar genom att använda djup fostran, ytfostran, och grupp konformitet. De teorier som har hjälpt med att förstå det empiriska materialet och satt det i en större kontext är Foucaults teorier om disciplin, Durkheims moral auktoritet och sociala fakta, och Aronsons teorier om konformitet. Studien har visat att skolans disciplinära mål är lika viktig eller viktigare än skolans mål av att förmedla kunskap, och den visar att disciplineringen inte endast är något som sker mellan lärarna och eleverna, utan att skolan i sig är ett disciplinärt verktyg.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Chicago, School of Social Service Administration, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references. Also available on the Internet.