Please read the abstract in the section 00front of this document / Dissertation (MA (Development Communication))--University of Pretoria, 2006. / Information Science / unrestricted

El presente proyecto se desarrolló en el ámbito de la educación específicamente en el nivel pre inicial, parte de las 4 etapas de la educación a nivel nacional. El objetivo del proyecto fue la creación de un centro especializado en estimulación musical temprana llamado “Musicando”. Todo esto a través de un método propio que permitirá su crecimiento exponencial a manera de franquicias más adelante. Estás se darán de manera estratégica y bajo un riguroso control de calidad. Se partió desde una introducción en el capítulo primero, y, de esta manera se pudo aclarar puntos importantes como la estimulación temprana musical, la oportunidad de negocio y porqué se escogió. Luego se continuó con el marco teórico donde se citan los antecedentes teóricos e históricos, así como una descripción detallada del centro, del método que se utilizó en “Musicando” y el análisis externo e interno correspondiente y actualizado con la situación política actual. En el capítulo tercero, se dio a conocer la visión, misión y los valores de “Musicando” que se centran en el alumno y su desarrollo integro. Con todo ello claro en el mismo capítulo se analizó al público objetivo y su comportamiento en el mercado para finalmente a raíz de esto presentar estrategias y el plan de marketing, el cual estuvo basado en una campaña agresiva pero cautivadora en redes sociales y plataformas digitales. Siguiendo con esta línea se desarrolló el centro y su forma de operar, la estructuración de la organización se dio una explicación sobre las áreas como recursos humanos, una explicación sobre los procesos pre operatorios, la justificación sobre los recursos económicos, supuestos y finalmente el análisis cuantitativo. Se aprecia también las conclusiones basadas en los distintos análisis y procesos del proyecto, así como las limitaciones y prospectiva. De esta manera se concluyó con los anexos respectivos y la bibliografía utilizada. / This project is developed in the field of education specifically in pre-initial level education, part of the 4 stages of education at the national level. The objective of the project will be the creation of a center specialized in early musical stimulation called "Musicando", where students will learn through music and musical instruments, the basic knowledge and skills necessary for their proper personal and educational development. All this through its own method that will allow it´s exponential growth as franchises later on. These will be given strategically and under rigorous quality control. It will start from an introduction in chapter one, in order to clarify important points such as what early musical stimulation is, the business opportunity and why it was chosen. Then we will continue with the theoretical framework where we will find theoretical and historical background, as well as a detailed description of the center, the method used in "Musicando" and the corresponding external and internal analysis and updated with the current political situation. In chapter three, the vision, mission and values of “Musicando” will be revealed, which are centered on the student and their integral development. With all that clear in the same chapter, our target audience and their behavior in the market will be analyzed to finally present strategies and the marketing plan, which will be based on an aggressive but captivating campaign on social networks and digital platforms. Continuing with this line, we will see how the center will be developed and its way of operating, how our organization is structured and an explanation will be given about the different areas such as human resources, an explanation about pre-operative processes, the justification for economic resources, assumptions and finally the quantitative analysis. In the following chapters you will be able to appreciate the conclusions based on the different analyzes and processes drawn up in the project, as well as the limitations and prospects. In this way, it will conclude with the respective annexes and the bibliography used. / Trabajo de Suficiencia Profesional

Introduction: The Swedish population is ageing – resulting in an increase in the number of elderly people and higher socioeconomic demands that the society needs to support them with. In Sweden, frail elderly people with for example mobility and cognitive problems, have the opportunity to attend a day care center where they can join activities and to socialize. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis was to investigate to what extent virtual reality technology could contribute to improved well-being for frail elderly at day care centers. Method: This study was conducted via a mixed method consisting of a survey and a semi-structured interview. 19 participants (15 male and 4 female) from three day care centers in Södertälje participated in this study. Results: By allowing frail elderly at day care centers to experience virtual reality, quantitative and qualitative data was collected. Both indicating that the experience of using virtual reality was positive and comfortable. 7 themes were identified through a thematic analysis demonstrating what was repeatedly mentioned by the participants. The themes were: (1) immersion & interaction, (2) usage, (3) nature movies, (4) visit places, (5) talking about things that are dear to them, (6) being limited and (7) thinking that VR could affect well-being. Conclusion: This study showed that the subjective well-being of frail elderly was arguably partially improved with virtual reality. The participants were overall positive, enjoyed the experience with a sense of immersion and awakening memories. / Introduktion: Den svenska populationen åldras - vilket resulterar i en ökning av äldre personer och högre socioekonomiska krav som samhället måste stödja dem med. I Sverige har äldre personer med till exempel rörlighet och kognitiva problem möjlighet att delta i dagverksamheter där de kan delta i aktiviteter och umgås. Syfte: Syftet med detta examensarbete var att undersöka i vilken utsträckning virtuell verklighet skulle kunna bidra till förbättrad välmående hos äldre på dagverksamheter. Metod: Detta projekt var genomfört med hjälp av en mixed method så som en enkät och en semi- strukturerad intervju. 19 äldre person (15 män och 4 kvinnor) från tre dagverksamheter i Södertälje deltog i denna studie. Resultat: Genom att låta äldre personer vid dagverksamheterna uppleva virtuell verklighet, så samlades det in kvantitativ och kvalitativ data. Där båda indikerar att det, till exempel, var en positiv och bekväm erfarenhet. 7 teman identifierades genom en tematisk analys som illustrerade vad som ofta upprepades av deltagarna. Teman var: (1) immission & interaktion, (2) användning (3) naturfilmer, (4) besöka platser, (5) pratar om saker som ligger dem kärt om hjärtat, (6) att vara begränsad och (7) tror att VR kan påverka välmående. Slutsats: Denna studie visade att det subjektiva välmåendet hos äldre delvist var förbättrad med virtuell verklighet. Deltagarna var generellt positiva, njöt av upplevelsen av immersion samt minnen som väcktes.

Syftet med denna studie har varit att undersöka chefer för LSS-verksamheters erfarenheter av kompetens och kompetensutveckling gällande användandet av alternativ och kompletterande kommunikation på LSS-boenden och dagliga verksamheter. Studien har genomförts med semistrukturerade intervjuer för att samla in chefernas erfarenheter av de berörda verksamheterna. Med tematisk analys bearbetades sorterades och analyserades det empiriska materialet från intervjuerna. Resultat av studien visade att kompetens och kompetensutveckling i användandet av AKK var komplext och påverkades av flera faktorer. De viktigaste resultaten visade att de faktorer som möjliggjorde och utmanade arbetet var verksamhetens inriktning och brukarens förutsättningar, informellt- och kollegialt lärande, samt verksamhetens tillgång till resurser. / The purpose of this study has been to investigate the experiences of managers in LSS operations regarding competence and competence development in the use of alternative and augmentative communication (AAC) in LSS group homes and day-care centers. The study was conducted using semi-structured interviews to collect the managers’ experiences of the relevant operations. The empirical data from the interviews was processed, sorted and analyzed using thematic analysis. The results of the study showed that competence and competence development in the use of AAC were complex and influenced by several factors. The most significant results showed that the factors enabling and challenging the work were the direction of the operations and the user’s conditions, informal and collegial learning, and the operations’ access to resources.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-26T12:51:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-03-31 / Acute respiratory infections, especially upper respiratory tract infections (URTI), are the most frequent causes of infantile morbidity in the world. Day-care facilities are closed, with great circulation of people and infectious agents as well, being therefore prone to the spreading of viral respiratory infections. Mathematical epidemic models are quantitative analysis methods that might be used for understanding and predicting the transmission dynamics of infectious diseases. Objective: Verify the monthly incidence of URTI, of 8 respiratory viruses, and to simulate a mathematical model, evaluating its qualitative and quantitative behavior regarding true data from URTI in school of infantile education in integral period children. Casuistic and Methods: From July 2003 to July 2004, all children (173) in the school of infantile education in integral period were followed from 1.6 to 12 months. Them presenting signs of respiratory infections were examined and their nasopharyngeal aspirate specimen was collected, in a total of 255 analyses. Soon after, specific multiplex trial of reverse transcription, followed by the polymerase chain reaction (multiplex RT-PCR), was accomplished for identification of the 8 viruses related to respiratory infections. Results and Conclusions: The average incidence of URTI was 2.33 episodes per child-year. URTI was observed throughout the year of study, especially in the fall and winter, lowering during spring and presenting few cases in summer. Rhinovirus presented the greatest incidence, being observed throughout the period of study. Influenza B, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and metapneumovirus presented lower incidence, especially during fall and winter. URTI caused by other analyzed viruses - influenza A, parainfluenza 1, 2, and 3 were rare. The evaluation of the mathematical model through simulations has provided promising results, as it was possible to get true data reproduction. The model is promising. Having its suppositions adequate, it might be useful for understanding the dynamics and spreading of diseases, planning and evaluating prevention and immunization strategies in epidemics. / As infecções respiratórias agudas, em especial as infecções das vias aeríferas superiores (IVAS), são as causas mais freqüentes de morbidade infantil no mundo. As creches são ambientes fechados, onde há grande circulação de pessoas e também de agentes infecciosos, sendo então favoráveis à disseminação de infecções respiratórias virais. Os modelos epidemiológicos matemáticos são métodos de análise quantitativos e podem ser usados para compreensão e predição da dinâmica de transmissão de uma doença infecciosa. Objetivo: Verificar a incidência mensal de IVAS, de 8 vírus respiratórios, e simular um modelo matemático, avaliando seu comportamento qualitativo e quantitativo em relação aos dados reais de IVAS nas crianças da Escola de Educação Infantil em período integral. Casuística e Método: Todas as crianças (173) que freqüentaram a escola no período de julho de 2003 a julho de 2004 foram acompanhadas por 1,6 a 12 meses. Elas apresentaram sinais de IVAS foram examinadas e tiveram coletado espécime de aspirado de nasofaringe, perfazendo um total de 255 análises. Em seguida, foi realizado ensaio específico multiplex de transcrição reversa seguida da reação em cadeia de polimerase (multiplex RT-PCR) para identificação dos 8 vírus relacionados às IVAS. Resultados e Conclusões: A incidência média de IVAS foi de 2,33 episódios por criança-ano. As IVAS incidiram durante todo o período do estudo, principalmente no outono e inverno, decaindo na primavera e com poucos casos no verão. O rinovírus teve maior incidência tendo sido observado em todos os períodos em que ocorreram episódios de IVAS. Influenza B, vírus sincicial respiratório (VSR) e metapneumovírus ocorreram com menor incidência, principalmente no outono e inverno. IVAS causadas pelos outros vírus analisados influenza A, parainfluenza 1, 2 e 3 foram raras. A avaliação do modelo matemático, por meio de simulações, forneceu resultados animadores, visto que se conseguiu a reprodução dos dados reais. O modelo é promissor. Com a adequação das suas suposições, pode ser útil para a compreensão das dinâmicas de disseminação de doenças, planejamento e avaliação de estratégias de prevenção e de imunização em epidemias.

In this qualitative study the researcher explores the experiences of various caregivers at a day care centre for developmentally challenged children. This study also attempts to draw a distinction between the experiences of formal and informal caregivers’ experiences. The study is underpinned by two assumptions: 1) that in order to obtain a rich understanding of a phenomenon, the views and voices of a variety of individuals need to be considered and 2) that cultural values and practices play a significant role in the way individuals experience a certain phenomenon. The experiences of both formal and informal caregivers are documented using thematic analysis. An analysis of the participants’ global themes revealed that “education/learning/skills development” and “communication barriers” were common themes among both participant groups. Each participant group also expressed unique experiences such as “being a parent”, “becoming a foster parent” and “being useless as a professional-in-training”. Focal areas for further research are highlighted. / Clinical Psychology / M.A. (Clinical Psychology)

As creches estão relacionadas ao aumento do risco de doenças transmissíveis e programas de controle de infecção são necessários. Foi realizado estudo descritivo para identificar normas de controle de doenças em creches hospitalares do município de São Paulo. Rotina escrita para a lavagem de mãos foi encontrada em 36% e para a troca de fraldas em 24%. Havia luvas descartáveis em 68%, porém rotina escrita para o descarte de luvas usadas em 12% e instruções sobre precauções padrão em 28%. Normas para o afastamento por doença transmissível existiam em 16%. Treinamento padronizado em controle de infecção era oferecido em 12%. As creches hospitalares não possuem normas suficientes para reduzir a transmissão de doenças. Padronização dos procedimentos e regulamentação são necessárias para promover o controle de infeccção / Child day-care centers (DCC) are known for the spread of infectious diseases. Standards for infection control in child care have been established worldwide. A study was conducted to obtain policies used to reduce disease in hospital day-care centers in São Paulo, Brazil. Written handwashing procedures were available at 36% and written instructions on diapering at 24%. Gloves were used in 68% but written disposal procedures were available in 12% and at 28% were instructions offered on standard precautions. A policy for exclusion due to communicable illness was obtained in 16%. Standard staff training on infection control was offered in only 12%. Hospital DCC's lack policies and routine procedures for reducing the spread of disease. Child care standards and regulation are needed in order to promote disease control

Submitted by SBI Biblioteca Digital (sbi.bibliotecadigital@puc-campinas.edu.br) on 2018-02-26T17:29:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 BEATRIZ F?TIMA MENDES.pdf: 2409789 bytes, checksum: 1f8df97b394d57d21a7e943afbd7ae65 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-26T17:29:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 BEATRIZ F?TIMA MENDES.pdf: 2409789 bytes, checksum: 1f8df97b394d57d21a7e943afbd7ae65 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-08 / The hereby research it?s about the relations of judicial decisions, wich determinate the registration of children in day care centers, and the teaching offered in those institutions. The discussed problematic it?s about the influence of judicial decisions wich compels the enrollment of kids from 0(zero) to 3(three) years old and the quality of childs education offered in those institutions because of overcrowded day care centers due to those decisions. The education it?s a fundamental subjective right, fundamental cause it?s a right inherent to the human being, subjective because it must be effective, there?s no room for discretion, the public power can?t decide if it?s going to offer education or not, it simply have to. The present paper?s goal is to analyse the envolved subjectives produced senses for the colocation of children in city?s day care centers, especial in the city of Campinas/SP, due to judicial decisions. The importance of offering a quallity child?s education justifies the present search?s importance, cause it means to propiciate the subjects reflexion in the way to improve the quallity of child?s education offered in day cares. For the present researche?s achiviement were used as tools the search off data related to the amount off judicial decisions determinating the registration of children in day cares in the city of Campinas/SP in the past years, semi structured interviews with the following subjects: day care professionals (teacher and director), day care pupil?s father, youth and education prosecutor in Campinas County and the youth judge in Campinas County; beyond those interviews it was made a visit in loco in one of municipal day care centers of Campinas/SP, to evaluate the center?s phisycal structure. In the making of research?s relyzation it was possible to observe that judicial decisions determinating kid?s enrollment in Campinas/SP day cares grew in the past years, however, the youth judge keeps determinating the children?s registration in day care centers, for the child?s education it?s a children?s right, and due to it the day care?s become over crowded. In an over crowded enviroment the professional work conditions and the quality of child?s education offered to kids from 0(zero) to 3(three) years old become compromised. / A presente pesquisa trata da rela??o das decis?es judiciais, que determinam as matr?culas das crian?as nas creches, e o ensino oferecido nestas institui??es. A problem?tica discutida ? a influ?ncia das decis?es judiciais que obrigam as matr?culas as crian?as de zero a tr?s anos nas creches e a qualidade da educa??o infantil oferecida nestas institui??es em raz?o da superlota??o gerada por essas decis?es. A educa??o ? um direito fundamental subjetivo; fundamental porque ? um direito inerente ao ser humano, subjetivo porque ele tem que ser efetivado, n?o h? margem para discricionariedade, o Poder P?blico n?o pode decidir se vai ou n?o oferecer a educa??o, ele simplesmente tem que oferecer. O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar os sentidos produzidos pelos sujeitos envolvidos na coloca??o das crian?as nas creches municipais, especialmente no munic?pio de Campinas/SP, em raz?o das decis?es judiciais. A import?ncia do oferecimento de uma educa??o infantil de qualidade justifica a relev?ncia da presente pesquisa, pois ela pretende propiciar a reflex?o dos sujeitos no que se refere ? necessidade de uma melhoria na qualidade da educa??o infantil oferecida nas creches. Para a possibilidade da realiza??o da presente pesquisa foram utilizados como instrumentos busca de dados relativos ? quantidade de decis?es judiciais determinando as matr?culas das crian?as em creches no munic?pio de Campinas/SP nos ?ltimos anos, entrevistas semiestruturadas com profissionais de creche (diretor e professor), pai de aluno de creche, Promotor de Justi?a atuante perante a Vara da Inf?ncia e da Juventude ? Educa??o da Comarca de Campinas/SP e Juiz da Vara da Inf?ncia e da Juventude da Comarca de Campinas/SP; al?m das entrevistas, foi realizada visita in loco em uma das creches municipais de Campinas/SP para avaliarmos a estrutura f?sica do local. No curso da realiza??o da pesquisa foi poss?vel observar que o n?mero de decis?es judiciais determinando as matr?culas das crian?as em creches do munic?pio aumentou nos ?ltimos anos, no entanto, o Juiz da Vara da Inf?ncia e Juventude determina as matr?culas das crian?as, pois a educa??o infantil ? um direito da crian?a, e isso gera uma superlota??o nessas institui??es educacionais. Em um ambiente superlotado as condi??es de trabalho dos profissionais e a qualidade da educa??o infantil oferecida ?s crian?as de zero a tr?s anos ficam comprometidas.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:57:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MARIA GORETI MIGUEL SANTOS.pdf: 259181 bytes, checksum: 5043925d5a1c4d1d5326f59b2e1c87b0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-06-02 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Sleep is an activity that has remained unchanged in day care centers which deal with infants up to the age of 3 years old. This paper aimed at investigating how educators of public schools for children dealt with the different sleep and/or vigil rhythms of these children; nevertheless, an analysis of the collected data showed us that there were other practices that have also remained unchanged and that are part of the institutional routine of these children. It is, therefore, of vital importance to re-examine the educational background of those professionals who are responsible for young children. In fact, the data collected shows that there is a waste of time that could be used in a more productive way in terms of how these children develop and learn. As time is not used adequately, there is no progress and the objectives of Children Education tend to be minimized. We hope results shown here will make it possible to debate in depth such an important issue which has not been properly studied yet / O sono é uma atividade de caráter cristalizado nas instituições de Educação Infantil de atendimento à criança de 0 à 3 anos. Este trabalho teve por objetivo investigar como os educadores de uma escola pública de Educação Infantil lidavam com os diferentes ritmos de sono e vigília das crianças de 0 à 3 anos. No entanto, a análise dos dados coletados permitiu identificar, além das respostas buscadas, várias outras práticas cristalizadas, que engendram a rotina institucional das crianças. É urgente e necessário repensar a formação profissional daqueles que atuam junto à criança pequena. De fato, os dados revelam desperdício de um tempo precioso, que poderia ser utilizado em prol do desenvolvimento e da aprendizagem da clientela. Como isso não ocorre, os propósitos da instituição são desvirtuados e o papel da Educação Infantil tende a ser desvalorizado. Espera-se que os resultados aqui alcançados permitam aprofundar e discutir um assunto importante, ainda não devidamente estudado

Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-26T12:51:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 lucianogarcialourencao_dissert.pdf: 833601 bytes, checksum: 00a7823458263c5ee5f67007f775ba5b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-10-26 / Respiratory infections account for more than 25% of the whole medical, pediatric, outpatient and hospital services. Around 90% of those infections are related with viral agents. RSV is an important agent identified in those diseases. This study aimed at assessing the frequency of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) in children aged from 0 to 6 years with upper respiratory infection diseases (URID) from a nursery school, and to associate the clinical and epidemic data of mild degree of URID with the viral agent. The children had a daily follow-up in the period from July 2003 to July 2004, and viral investigation for RSV by means of Polimerase Chain Reaction (PCR), in the children's nasopharyngeal secretions that presented signs of breathing infection. A total of 259 events of URID in 173 children have occurred. A hundred twenty-two (70.5%) children were over 2 years in the beginning of the follow-up and 94 (54.3%) were male. The monthly number of episodes ranged from 0 to 53. RSV was diagnosed in 27 (10.5%) samples, and it was more frequent between the months of July to September. The signs observed in the children with RSV infection were coryza in 26 (96.3%) episodes, nasal obstruction in 19 (70.4%), coughs in 15 (55.6%), wheezing in 3 (11.1%) and sneeze and fever in 2 (7.4%) episodes. Antibiotics were administered in 16 (6.2%) episodes of breathing infection. One (3.7%) infection episode by RSV received treatment with antibiotic. One (0.4%) serious episode had developed for hospitalization. A high frequency of RSV was observed among the children from nursery school with mild breathing infections, mainly from the beginning of the autumn to the spring; the most frequent signs in the infections for RSV were cough, coryza and nasal obstruction; there was association between nasal obstruction and infections by RSV. / As infecções respiratórias são responsáveis por mais de 25% de todo o atendimento médico pediátrico, ambulatorial e hospitalar. Em torno de 90% dessas infecções estão relacionadas com agentes virais. O Vírus Sincicial Respiratório (VSR) é um importante agente identificado nessas afecções. Esse estudo objetivou estimar a freqüência do VSR em crianças com idade entre 0 e 6 anos com infecção das vias aéreas superiores (IVAS), procedentes de uma creche e associar os dados clínicos e epidemiológicos da IVAS de grau leve com o agente viral. Foi realizado seguimento diário das crianças no período de julho de 2003 a julho de 2004 e investigação virológica para VSR através de Polimerase Chain Reaction (PCR), em secreções nasofaríngeas das crianças que apresentaram sinais de infecção respiratória. Ocorreram 259 episódios de IVAS em 173 crianças. Cento e vinte e duas (70,5%) crianças tinham mais de 2 anos de idade no início do segmento e 94 (54,3%) eram do sexo masculino. O número mensal de episódios variou de 0 a 53. O VSR foi diagnosticado em 27 (10,5%) amostras e foi mais freqüente nos meses de julho a setembro. Os sinais observados nas crianças com infecção por VSR foram coriza em 26 (96,3%) episódios, obstrução nasal em 19 (70,4%), tosse em 15 (55,6%),chiado em 3 (11,1%) e espirro e febre em 2 (7,4%) episódios. O uso de antibióticos ocorreu em 16 (6,2%) episódios de infecção respiratória. Um (3,7%) episódio de infecção por VSR recebeu tratamento com antibiótico. Houve 1 (0,4%) episódio grave que evoluiu para internação. Observou-se uma alta freqüência de VSR entre as crianças com infecções respiratórias leves, principalmente do início do outono ao início da primavera; os sinais mais freqüentes nas infecções por VSR foram tosse, coriza e obstrução nasal; houve associação entre obstrução nasal e infecções por VSR.