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L'évolution du cadre juridique du déclenchement de l'action publique préventive dans le domaine des risques naturels et technologiques. / The evolution of the legal framework of the decision-making process triggering a preventive public action for natural and technological hazards.Meerpoël, Matthieu 21 June 2013 (has links)
La gestion préventive des risques naturels et technologiques constitue un enjeu de premier ordre pour les autorités étatiques que ce soit à l’égard des populations, des biens et de l’environnement ou pour le coût que la réalisation de tels risques peut représenter. Aussi, le décideur public, contraint juridiquement de protéger ces enjeux, est dans l’obligation, après avoir évalué et qualifié le risque, de déclencher une action publique préventive. C’est au cours d’un processus décisionnel complexe qu’il devra déterminer le degré de dangerosité du risque et les mesures préventives appropriées et proportionnées. S’effectue alors, pour le décideur public, la recherche du meilleur compromis possible entre les libertés et les objectifs de sécurité dans le cadre d’un difficile bilan coûts/avantages. Le droit tente d’encadrer ce processus décisionnel en laissant une marge d’appréciation importante et nécessaire au décideur public dans la détermination du degré d’acceptabilité du risque. C’est la recherche de ce compromis qui sera étudiée dans le cadre de cette thèse et plus particulièrement la manière dont le droit encadre cette recherche, gère cette question délicate et éventuellement contrôle les décisions entérinées. / Preventive management of natural and technological hazards is a major issue for state authorities, in regards to the people, property and the environment or in regards to the cost represented by the realization of such risks. Therefore, policy makers legally bound to protect these interests are required to initiate a preventive public action after evaluating and qualifying the risks. The level of hazard and the appropriateness and proportionality of preventive measures will be determined within a complex decision-making process. The policymakers then strive to reach the best possible compromise between freedom and security objectives within the framework of a delicate cost/benefit analysis. The law attempts to regulate this decision-making process by leaving a large and necessary margin of discretion to the public policy makers in determining the acceptability of the risk. This thesis will explore the process to reach this compromise, and in particular how the law governs it, manages this delicate issue and potentially controls the endorsed decisions.
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A utiliza????o dos indicadores econ??mico-financeiro e do modelo Fleuriet no processo de an??lise e concess??o de cr??dito para pessoas jur??dicas sob o regime de tributa????o do lucro real: uma contribui????o ??s institui????es financeirasAndrade, Paulo Roberto Macedo de 05 December 2012 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2012-12-05 / The decision-making process of credit developed by banks for analysis and credit concession. to corporate entities involves a series of procedures for information gathering objective and subjective. By subjective information has information related to customer records and sources information the past relationship with the market, and objective information has been obtained from those collecting information of its financial statements as of the balance sheet and income statements, which undergo a process of standardization or reclassification of accounts, lets you extract and briefly present a set of economic and financial indicators that assess liquidity, activity, debt and profitability of these companies that will serve as a basis for analysis and interpretation of current economic and financial situation of that particular company or client entity. However, these financial indicators, called traditional, allowing only provide information to evaluate the financial situation of a company or corporate customer from past to present, and there is a great need to assess trends and future prospects. The objective of this dissertation is to describe and evaluate the importance of the Model Fleuriet as financial management tool, which allows you to analyze the trend of the financial situation of a company, combining the assessment of indicators such as the financial cycle, working capital, the need for working capital and cash balance, enabling managers who use it to make decisions faster and more assertive to correct the course of the operating company and how it can be used as a tool in decision-making accessory credit. The methodology as the approach to the problem was a qualitative study and used an explanatory research to further study and survey of new facts from existing knowledge made through a literature search and a field survey by done through a questionnaire to a group of credit analysts from various financial institutions, to assess the importance given by them for the use of traditional financial indicators and financial Model Fleuriet indicated for the development of its activity. It was concluded that the Model Fleuriet is little known and used by most credit analysts in their daily analysis and credit concession, as well as financial institutions where they work and that only 14% of respondents believe in the superiority of Model Fleuriet compared to traditional indicators, highlighting the analysts with over 10 years experience. As a suggestion of continuity this study proposes a new research in the financial market in order to assess the financial stability of companies listed on the Bovespa using traditional indicators and Model Fleuriet and development of a practical study in a financial institution with the implementation of Model Fleuriet in their analysis procedures and credit concession. / O processo decis??rio de cr??dito desenvolvido pelas institui????es financeiras para a an??lise e concess??o de empr??stimos para pessoas jur??dicas envolve uma s??rie de procedimentos para levantamento de informa????es objetivas e subjetivas. Por informa????es subjetivas tem-se as informa????es ligadas ao cadastro do cliente e fontes de refer??ncias pelo hist??rico de relacionamento com o mercado e, por informa????es objetivas, tem-se aquelas obtidas a partir do levantamento de informa????es de seus demonstrativos financeiros como o balan??o patrimonial e demonstrativos de resultados, os quais passam por um processo de reclassifica????o ou padroniza????o das contas, que permite extrair e apresentar resumidamente um conjunto de indicadores econ??mico-financeiros que avaliam a liquidez, a atividade, o endividamento e a lucratividade dessas empresas que servir??o como base para an??lise e interpreta????o da atual situa????o econ??mico-financeira daquela determinada empresa ou cliente pessoa jur??dica. Contudo, esses indicadores financeiros, chamados tradicionais, trazem informa????es que permitem apenas avaliar a situa????o econ??mico-financeira de uma empresa ou cliente pessoa jur??dica do passado para o presente, sendo que existe uma grande necessidade de se avaliar tend??ncias e perspectivas futuras. O objetivo dessa disserta????o ?? descrever e avaliar a import??ncia do Modelo Fleuriet como ferramenta de gest??o financeira, o qual permite analisar a tend??ncia da situa????o econ??mico-financeira de uma empresa, conjugando a avalia????o de indicadores como o ciclo financeiro, o capital de giro, a necessidade de capital de giro e o saldo de tesouraria, permitindo aos gestores que o utilizam a tomarem decis??es mais r??pidas e assertivas para corrigir a rota operacional da empresa e como pode ser utilizado como uma ferramenta acess??ria no processo decis??rio de cr??dito. A metodologia utilizada quanto a abordagem do problema foi uma pesquisa qualitativa e utilizou-se de uma pesquisa explicativa para aprofundar estudo e levantamento de fatos novos a partir de conhecimentos j?? existentes feitos atrav??s de uma pesquisa bibliogr??fica e de um levantamento de campo ou survey, por meio de um question??rio feito a um grupo de analistas de cr??dito de v??rias institui????es financeiras, para se avaliar a import??ncia dada por eles quanto ?? utiliza????o dos indicadores financeiros tradicionais e dos indicados financeiros do Modelo Fleuriet, para o desenvolvimento de sua atividade. Concluiu-se que o Modelo Fleuriet ?? pouco conhecido e utilizado pela maioria dos analistas de cr??dito em suas atividades di??rias de an??lise e concess??o de cr??dito, como tamb??m pelas institui????es financeiras onde atuam e que apenas 14% dos respondentes acreditam na superioridade do Modelo Fleuriet em rela????o aos indicadores tradicionais, destacando-se os analistas com mais de 10 anos de experi??ncia. Como sugest??o de continuidade desse estudo prop??e-se nova pesquisa junto ao mercado financeiro a fim de se avaliar o equil??brio financeiro de empresas listadas na Bovespa utilizando-se os indicadores tradicionais e o Modelo Fleuriet e o desenvolvimento de um estudo pr??tico numa institui????o financeira com a implanta????o do Modelo Fleuriet em seus procedimentos de an??lise e concess??o de cr??dito.
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Exploring and predicting South African consumer's intended behaviour towards selecting green hotels : extending the Theory of Planned BehaviourDe Freitas, Duane 08 1900 (has links)
Although South African consumers are reflecting increased green purchasing intentions, the factors that will lead to their intended behaviour to select green hotels have yet to be researched. Accordingly, the research proposes to explore the predictive ability of the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) and then further modify and develop extended model structures surrounding the TPB, to identify and confirm an independent theoretical model that will effectively and comprehensively be able to predict South African consumers’ intended behaviour towards selecting green hotels. To answer the aim and objectives set, the research positioned itself within a non-experimental quantitative paradigm. An online questionnaire was distributed to South African consumers that stayed at a hotel at least once within a 12-month period. A total of 402 completed and error-free responses were used for statistical analysis.
Descriptive statistical analysis was used to assess, derive and understand the demographic profile of the respondents and determine the respondent’s characteristics as South Africans who intend to stay at or visit hotels. Structural equation modelling (SEM) revealed that Azjen (1991)’s original TPB is a strong predictor of behavioural intention, indicating its applicability to the domain of South African consumers’ behavioural intention towards selecting green hotels. In addition, it was found that South African consumers’ intended behaviour towards selecting green hotels can statistically be best explained by expanding on the original TPB model to include emotive and non-cognitive predictor variables, namely anticipated regret (AR) and perceived moral obligation (PMO), as direct constructs to behavioural intention as well as by including environmental knowledge (EK) as a direct predictor variable to attitude (ATT). Furthermore, it found that the relationship between behavioural intention and perceived behavioural control (PBC) was the strongest and most significant, followed by subjective norm (SN), ATT, PMO and AR. Lastly, the findings revealed that PBC, ATT, SN, PMO and AR can all act as positive and highly significant intermediaries between EK and behavioural intention.
The study contributed towards theory by identifying and assessing the psychographic factors that will best explain the consumer decision-making processes leading to behavioural intention in context to green hotel selection. The study further extends its contribution by adding value to environmental sustainable literature in context to an emerging economy, namely South Africa. Although South African consumers are reflecting increased green purchasing intentions, the psychological factors that will lead to the intended behaviour towards selecting green hotels have not received much attention in research. It was, therefore, important and theoretically valuable to not only investigate the predictive ability of the original TPB, but to also modify, develop and extend model variations surrounding the TPB to thoroughly explore the predictive ability for South African consumers’ intention to select green hotels. / Life and Consumer Sciences / M. Sc.
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O Congresso norte-americano e o processo de formulação da política externa / US Congress and the process of foreign policy-makingTurner, Ivy Brasil Gonçalves 19 June 2006 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2006-06-19 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The objective of the present work was to present factors that promote congressional activism in the area of foreign policy. The work involved an analysis of the main subjects related to the participation of the United States Congress in the foreign policy-making process, the intention being to present the latest thinking in this area. As such, the work seeks to contribute to the body of research being developed on the influence of domestic factors in American foreign policy. Although information and studies in Brazil about the United States abound, this is not the case for this specific area of investigation. It should be stressed that the intention of this work was not to explain the performance of the institution through history, but rather to focus on the institutional structure of the process by which US foreign policy is formulated / O objetivo do presente trabalho esteve em tentar desvendar quais fatores promovem ativismo congressual em temas de política externa. Para tanto, realizou-se análise das principais questões relativas à participação do Congresso na formulação da política externa norte-americana. O intento foi apresentar o estado da arte do debate acerca do papel que o Congresso possui neste processo. Ao estudar este tema pretendeu-se contribuir com as pesquisas acerca da influência de fatores domésticos na política externa norte-americana por que, apesar das informações e estudos disponíveis no Brasil acerca dos Estados Unidos serem abundantes, não o são nesta área específica. Ressalta-se que o trabalho não teve intenção de explicar a atuação da instituição ao longo da história, sendo uma análise focada na estrutura institucional do processo
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La question du sens de l'action dans les opérations extérieures : décision politique, soutien public et motivation militaire dans le cadre de la participation française à la FIAS et à la FINUL renforcéeMathieu, Ilinca 18 September 2014 (has links)
De nombreuses études concluent à la supériorité des démocraties dans la guerre. A travers notre analyse des relations unissant aujourd’hui les piliers de la trinité clausewitzienne classique – pouvoir politique, peuple et armée – notre recherche s’attache à mettre en évidence l’importance, à cet égard, de la définition du « sens de l’action ». Complexe à conceptualiser, cet objet naît de l’interaction des trois piliers de la trinité qui contribuent à le construire. Cette dynamique prend son origine dans le sens conféré, par le discours politique,à la décision de recourir à la force. Ce sens politique repose sur les intérêts nationaux tels qu’appréhendés par les décideurs, mais également, du fait de la contrainte démocratique, sur les préférences de l’opinion publique telles que perçues par le politique. Le soutien public apparaît essentiel pour alimenter la volonté politique dans le conflit, mais influence aussi le moral des militaires déployés en opérations. Notre étude s’attache donc, en second lieu, à analyser les composantes du sens conféré par les militaires à la mission qu’ils exécutent, afin de déterminer dans quelle mesure un sens politique insuffisamment clair peut influencer le soutien public et, in fine, une éventuelle perte de sens chez les soldats. Cette analyse multiscalaire cherche en définitive à répondre à la question de savoir pourquoi l’on se bat, en approfondissant deux cas d’étude : la participation de l’Armée de terre française à la FIAS, en Afghanistan, et à la FINUL renforcée, au Liban. Elle peut s’inscrire, plus largement, dans le courant d’analyse cherchant à déterminer les facteurs d’efficacité dans la guerre, en esquissant l’idée que les démocraties peuvent, du fait des contraintes qui leur sont propres, présenter une faiblesse à cet égard. / Many studies have determined that democracies perform better in war. Through our analysis of the relationship that links the pillars of today’s clasewitzian trinity – political leaders, people and soldiers – our study seeks to highlight the importance, to this regard, of defining the « meaning of the action ». In spite of a complex conceptualization, this object can be apprehended by analyzing the interactions of the three pillars, within the frame of a military intervention abroad. This interactional dynamic’s origin lies in the meaning given by the political discourse to the decision to use force. This political meaning leans on national interests (as perceived by policymakers), but also on public preferences (as perceived by policymakers), due to democratic constraint. Public support appears essential to underpin the political will during a conflict, but it also affects soldiers’ morale in the field. Secondly, our study thus seeks to analyse the components of the meaning given by soldiers to their mission,in order to determine to what extent an uncleared or blurred political meaning might affect public support and ultimately provoke a loss of meaning among the military. This multiscale approach aims to answer to the ultimate question of knowing why are we fighting, by deepening two case studies : the French Army contribution to ISAF (in Afghanistan) and UNIFIL II (in Lebanon). It can more broadly come within the framework of previous researchs studying strategic and battlefield effectiveness, by underlying that democracies might have a weakness in this regard.
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Perchè non facciamo un altro figlio? Implicazioni economiche delle intenzioni riproduttive individuali e di coppia in Italia tramite un approccio Mixed-Method. / WHY NOT HAVING ANOTHER CHILD? THE ECONOMICS OF FERTILITY INTENTIONS FOR INDIVIDUALS AND COUPLES IN ITALY: A MIXED-METHOD APPROACHCAVALLI, LAURA 08 November 2010 (has links)
La presente tesi è un contributo allo studio delle implicazioni economiche delle intenzioni di fecondità e all’analisi degli aspetti economici legati ai processi decisionali riproduttivi. Precisamente la tesi, composta da tre capitoli indipendenti e basata su dati Italiani, si focalizza su donne, su individui che vivono in coppia e sulle coppie.
In particolare lo studio mira a comprendere: i) l'interazione esistente tra il mercato del lavoro (con un focus particolare sul ruolo del settore occupazionale femminile) e le preferenze per la formazione della famiglia; ii) le influenze della ripartizione dei ruoli domestici all’interno della coppia sulle intenzioni riproduttive; iii) le determinanti (all’interno delle coppie) dell’accordo/disaccordo circa l'intenzione di diventare genitori una seconda volta, e -per coppie che registrano un disaccordo- iv) le determinanti che spingono una donna a contrastare l’intenzione positive del suo partner per un secondo figlio.
La tesi utilizza il mixed-method design, una strategia basata sull’analisi quantitativa dei dati nonché sull’analisi approfondita di interviste: questo approccio consente di studiare l'argomento da diverse prospettive e -grazie ai due metodi di ricerca -quantitativo e qualitativo- di approfondire le conoscenze del fenomeno di interesse. / The thesis is a contribution to the study of the economic implications of fertility intentions and desires and of the economic aspects of the fertility decision making process. Precisely, it is based on three autonomous chapters and it aims at understanding: a) for women and for individuals within the couples the interplay between fertility and labour market preferences (with a particular focus on the role of women's sector of employment), and the influences that the (un)balanced division of domestic duties play on the intentions of becoming parents for another time in Italy; b) for couples living together the determinants of their (dis)agreement about the intention of becoming parents again; and c) for couples that disagree on future fertility plans, the determinants of female’s contrasting attitude towards her partners’ positive fertility intention.
The dissertation uses a mixed-method design- a strategy based on survey data analysis as well as in-depth interviews analysis: this approach allows investigating the topic from different perspectives, by means of both quantitative and qualitative research methods in order to provide new insights into the phenomenon of interest.
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What Does it Take to Get your Attention? : The influence of In-Store and Out-of-Store Factors on Visual Attention and Decision Making for Fast-moving Consumer GoodsShams, Poja January 2013 (has links)
Decision making for fast-moving consumer goods involves a choice between numerous similar alternatives. Under such demanding circumstances, a decision is made for one product. The decision is dependent on the interaction between the environment and the mind of the consumer, both of which are filled with information that can influence the outcome. The aim of this dissertation is to explore how the mind and the environment guides attention towards considered and chosen products in consumer decision making at the point-of-purchase. Consumers are equipped with several effort reduction strategies to simplify complex decision making. The selection of strategies can be conscious or automatic and driven by information in the environment or the mind of the decision maker. The selected decision strategy reduces the set of options to one alternative in an iterative process of comparisons that are fast and rely on perceptual cues to quickly exclude irrelevant products. This thesis uses eye-tracking to explore this rapid processing that lacks conscious access or control. The purpose is to explore how product packaging and placement (as in-store factors), and recognition, preferences, and choice task (as out-of-store factors) influence the decision-making process through visual attention. The results of the 10 experiments in the five papers that comprise this thesis shed new light on the role of visual attention in the interaction between the environment and the mind, and its influence on the consumer. It is said that consumers choose with their eyes, which means that unseen is unsold. The results of this thesis show that it is just as important to be comprehended as it is to be seen. In split-second decision making, the ability to recognize and comprehend a product can significantly impact preferences. Comprehension stretches beyond perception as consumers infer value from memory structures that influence attention. Hence, the eye truly sees what the mind is prepared to comprehend.
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An audit of online recruitment : a South African perspectiveSwart, Lani 03 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MA (Industrial Psychology))--University of Stellenbosch, 2008. / The survival of an organisation in a global competitive business environment depends on its survival skills
(e.g. adaptability, flexibility and innovativeness), which is situated within its human resources. Hence, the
recruitment function’s role is critical, since it is responsible for the procurement of key intellectual capital that
could equip the organisation with a competitive advantage. However, against the accelerated growth of the
Internet combined with global competition, traditional recruitment methods are increasingly failing to rise to
the challenge of securing key intellectual capital, due to being too time consuming and expensive.
Consequently, organisations are progressively turning to online recruitment (which does not refer to one
specific technique, but rather several different Internet tools that can be employed as a recruitment method,
such as organisational websites, specialised job sites, media websites or newsgroups). However, the
presence of an organisational website that advertises vacancies is not sufficient to guarantee its success as
a recruitment method. Hence, it is vital to gain an understanding of website recruitment, as well as how to
maximise the website’s effectiveness and ability to facilitate successful online applicant behaviour (SOAB), in
order to harness its full potential as a recruitment method, able to secure key intellectual capital. For the
purpose of this study, SOAB refers to potential applicants (i.e. job seekers entering an organisational website
in search of employment opportunities) being able to browse the website without any difficulty and obtain
relevant and sufficient information concerning the organisation and its listed vacancies. In addition to
enabling potential applicants to assess whether he/she will be able to fit, perform and accelerate in the work
climate and culture of the organisation (i.e. decide whether he/she would like to work for the organisation), a
website that facilitates SOAB, should also enable potential applicants to contact the organisation to address
additional information needs.
In essence, this study comprises of three phases and centres on the identification of website content- and
usability design benchmarks that should contribute to a website’s ability to facilitate SOAB. By means of a
comprehensive literature review, it is argued that the content- and usability design are vital contributing
factors to a website’s ability to facilitate SOAB. It is also proposed that the effectiveness of the website as a
recruitment method is, to a certain degree, linked to the effectiveness of the alignment of an organisation’s
online recruitment strategy with the five stages of potential applicants’ job decision-making process (i.e. the
recognition of an employment need, search for career related information, evaluation of career alternatives,
identification and acceptance of employment and post-choice evaluation).
Phase one, entails the identification of website content- and usability design benchmarks and culminates
with the development of the Website Benchmarks Checklist. Phase two, which constitutes the overall
purpose of this study, entails an audit of the sample of the ‘best’ SA employers’ (drawn from a survey
conducted by the Corporate Research Foundation, 2005) websites. The primary aim is to determine the
extent to which the sample’s website design incorporates the identified benchmarks. However, the quality of
potential applicants’ interaction with a website (i.e. informative content being communicated in an effective,
efficient and satisfactory manner), greatly influences their perception of the organisation’s image, its
attractiveness as an employer, as well as their intention to pursue employment within the organisation.
Hence, the third phase of the study entails the subjective evaluation of three websites (selected from the
audited sample), by a sample of potential applicants. Throughout the study, the empirical tests conducted were descriptive in nature and utilised survey research
methods to acquire the required data, related to the specified goals and objectives that encapsulate the aim
and purpose of this study. The results obtained provided valuable insight into website design benchmarks
that should assist potential applicants in their job decision-making process, increase a website’s ability to
facilitate SOAB and maximise its effectiveness as a recruitment method responsible for securing key
intellectual capital. In addition to revealing that the majority of the sample employs its website as a
recruitment method, the audit results also indicated that although a high level of adherence existed
concerning the sample’s incorporation of the usability design benchmarks. However, a notable difference
that ranged from very little to relatively high existed with regards to the extent to which the sample’s website
design adhered to the content design benchmarks. The subjective evaluation of the three websites by
potential applicants revealed that in addition to being critical contributors to the quality of their interaction with
a website, the content- and usability design also had a profound impact on their assessment of the websites.
Finally, the results also showed that a similarity existed between potential applicants’ subjective evaluation
and the extent to which the design of the three websites adhered to the recommended benchmarks (audit
results).
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O processo de decisão do cliente de alta renda na aquisição de imóveis residenciais na cidade de São PauloRosenblatt, Suzana Mester 28 March 2008 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2008-03-28T00:00:00Z / This dissertation is an exploratory study of the decision making process in the acquisition of residential real estate by the high income consumer at the city of São Paulo. The work looks first at the literature to explain the importance of client focus and the understanding of his acquisition decision process as a source of competitive advantage. After that, trough personal interviews with twelve individuais from the targeted group that have bought apartments no longer than three years before, it searches for evidences of their acquisition decision process and elements that allow us to get a better knowledge of the attributes that have value for them and are responsible for the success or the failure of a new development. Through the interviews the findings were: the recognition of the problems comes with uncomfortable feelings due to changes in the family life cycle, the most relevant attributes were: local area, finance conditions andapartment layout , the search for information was done mainly trough visits to the neighborhood, the family had great influence in the decision of the purchase, the choice between alternatives was made based on the levei of importance given to different atlributes, and the search for satisfaction was immediate. As counter points to satisfaction, were mentioned: small parking lots, low concern with security at the project fase, neither equipped nor decorated common areas of the building, and lack of air conditioning infra-estructure. Based on these results this work concludes that there is an opportunity for real estate companies that not yet have client focus, to implement a direct channel of communication with the client for the understanding of their needs and desires and to use these information to gain competitive advantage. / O trabalho investiga, de modo exploratório, o processo de decisão de compra de um imóvel residencial pelo público de alta renda na cidade de São Paulo. Para tal, este estudo parte da literatura para indicar a importância do posicionamento estratégico de foco no cliente e da compreensão do seu processo de tomada de decisão de compra, como fonte de vantagem competitiva. Segue então uma etapa de campo na qual são realizadas entrevistas em profundidade com doze indivíduos do publico alvo que compraram apartamento em período não superior a três anos, em busca de evidências de como se dá o seu processo de decisão de compra e dos atributos por eles valorizados, responsáveis pelo sucesso ou insucesso de um novo empreendimento imobiliário. Através das entrevistas, pudemos perceber que: o reconhecimento do problema se deu primordialmente através de estados de desconforto função de alterações no ciclo de vida da família; os atributos mais relevantes foram: localização, condições de financiamento e programa interno do apartamento; a busca por informações se deu principalmente através de visitas à região de interesse; a família teve grande influência na compra; a avaliação de alternativas foi feita em função do grau de importância dado aos diferentes atributos; e, uma vez identificada à necessidade, procurou-se satisfazê-Ia de forma imediata. Como pontos de insatisfação foram referidos: área de garagem pequena, entrega do apartamento sem as áreas comuns equipadas e decoradas, pouca preocupação com segurança na etapa de projeto e falta de tubulação de ar condicionado. Com base nos resultados encontrados, este trabalho conclui que existe oportunidade para empresas do ramo de incorporação imobiliária que ainda não possuem foco no cliente, de estabelecer um canal de comunicação direto com os clientes para compreensão das suas necessidades e desejos, e utilizar tais informações para ganhar vantagem competitiva.
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Integração de políticas sociais: um estudo de caso sobre o Bolsa FamíliaMonteiro, Iraneth Rodrigues 29 March 2011 (has links)
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Dissertação versão 13 de mar 2011.pdf: 1048951 bytes, checksum: 46668dfd75b8dc54f38e4860854462e0 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2011-03-29 / This study proposes to examine the process of integration of the various actions to transfer income under the federal government during the first administration of President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva, between the years 2003 and 2006, which resulted in the creation of Bolsa Família Program.The proposed analysis seeks to contribute to the knowledge about government and public administration, generating information on the formation of the government agenda of a government committed, programmatically, with the reduction of poverty and social inequality. Regarding the methodological path traversed in the preparation of this thesis, we started with the following key question: Why and how was the process of integration of the Bolsa Família Program? The methodology applied consisted in identifying the reasons for entering this issue on the government agenda of the President ́s Lula first government. To that end, we conducted a case study,to identify which actors participated in the discussion on the unification of income transfer programs and what were the concepts that guided. As a research tool, it was decided by the application of semi-structured interviews with some participants of the Working Group of the Unified Income Transfer Programs. Besides the interviews, other sources were used: the reports and / or minutes of meetings of the Working Group, the Board of Social Policy of the government, the laws of the previous programs, the legislation of the Bolsa Família Program, the speeches made by President-elect Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva from January to October 2003. Through the analysis of all the documentation listed, you can check the government effort to implement changes in income transfer programs. Reports of these meetings were produced by the technical groups, addressing the social policies for reducing inequalities, building the Bolsa Família Program taking into account the importance of the historical legacy of the existing shares. As results, it was found that President Lula, the Board of Social Policy and its group of technical experts were able to seize the window of opportunity for a government that was beginning to develop with strong public policies to fight hunger and poverty. After walking the path of historical reconstruction for the preparation of this manuscript, we attempted to highlight some contributions that aims to provide an incentive for further studies on decision making in the public sphere of government. / O presente trabalho propõe-se a analisar o processo de integração das diversas ações de transferência de renda no âmbito do governo federal, durante a primeira gestão do presidente Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, entre os anos de 2003 e 2006, que resultou na criação do Programa Bolsa Família. A análise proposta busca contribuir para ampliar o conhecimento sobre o governo e a administração pública, gerando informações sobre a formação da agenda governamental de um governo comprometido, programaticamente, com a redução da pobreza e da desigualdade social. Quanto ao caminho metodológico percorrido, na elaboração desta dissertação, partiu-se da seguinte pergunta-chave: por que e como se deu o processo de integração do Programa Bolsa Família? A metodologia de pesquisa aplicada consistiu na identificação das razões para a entrada deste tema na agenda governamental do primeiro governo do presidente Lula. Para tanto, foi realizado um estudo de caso, objetivando identificar quais atores participaram da discussão sobre a unificação dos programas de transferência de renda e quais foram os conceitos que os orientaram. Como instrumento de pesquisa, optou-se pela aplicação de entrevistas semi-estruturadas com alguns participantes do Grupo de Trabalho de Unificação dos Programas de Transferência de Renda. Além das entrevistas, as outras fontes utilizadas foram: os relatórios e/ou atas das reuniões do Grupo de Trabalho, da Câmara de Política Social do governo; as legislações dos programas anteriores; a legislação do Programa Bolsa Família; os discursos realizados pelo presidente eleito Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva entre janeiro e outubro de 2003. Por meio da análise, de toda a documentação elencada, é possível verificar o esforço governamental no sentido de implementar mudanças nos programas de transferência de renda. Dessas reuniões foram produzidos relatórios pelos Grupos Técnicos, abordando as políticas sociais para a redução das desigualdades, construindo o Programa Bolsa Família levando se em conta a importância do legado histórico das ações existentes. Como resultado da pesquisa, identificou-se que o presidente Lula, a Câmara de Política Social e o seu grupo de especialistas técnicos souberam aproveitar a janela de oportunidades de um governo que estava iniciando com forte apelo para desenvolver políticas públicas de combate à fome e a pobreza. Após percorrer o caminho de reconstrução histórica para a elaboração dessa dissertação, buscou-se destacar algumas contribuições que tem por objetivo servir de incentivo para novos estudos sobre o processo decisório na esfera pública de governo.
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