京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(工学) / 甲第20392号 / 工博第4329号 / 新制||工||1671(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院工学研究科物質エネルギー化学専攻 / (主査)教授 村田 靖次郎, 教授 近藤 輝幸, 教授 小澤 文幸 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering) / Kyoto University / DFAM

This thesis seeks to first understand why individuals play Guitar Hero and Rock Band. Several motivational factors are looked at including fantasy, self-esteem, self-efficacy, and the desire to play a real instrument. In addition to the motivation factors, the communication theories of uses and gratifications and deficient self-regulation are used to define the gamers who play Guitar Hero and Rock Band. Once the paper defines a theoretical framework, a survey is used to test the variables. The significant findings are then discussed and suggestions are made as to how these games can more effectively be used as marketing tools for guitar manufacturers and music companies.

No description available.

<p> Gulonolactone oxidase enzyme is important in the final stage of ascorbic acid biosynthesis. Gulonolactone oxidase is encoded by the Gulo gene. Most animals, such as mice, have the Gulo gene, through which they produce ascorbic acid from glucose, while humans, guinea pigs and primate animals carry a non functional Gulo gene. Ascorbic acid plays an important role in many biological processes. However, it is primarily essential as an antioxidant. Ascorbic acid protects genomic DNA from free radicals resulting from oxidative stress that might otherwise cause a variety of diseases such as cancer or heart disease. This thesis focuses on investigating the role of ascorbic acid in the elimination of oxidative stress-induced mutagenesis.</p> <p> To investigate how vitamin C decreases level of the DNA mutation frequency and protects DNA from free radicals, knockout Gulo and Big Blue mice were used as models to determine the ability of vitamin C to minimize oxidative stress. The Big Blue mice carry the cll gene which is a reporter gene through which DNA mutation rate can be detected in any part of body. Therefore, we generated double transgenic mice which are Gulo deficient or a Big Blue background. Homozygote Gulo cll positive (Gulo-/- cll+) were obtained by crossing heterozygote Gulo cll Positive and homozygote Gulo mice. Five Gulo-/-cll mice were placed under vitamin C deficient diet and another five were supplemented with vitamin C. DNA mutation frequency was analyzed in the two groups. There were no significant differences in mutation frequencies between homozygote Gulo-/- cll mice on vitamin C deficient diet and homozygote Gulo-/- cll+ mice fed vitamin C rich diet. One treatment mouse showed increased frequency in mutations but a second did not. Further tests can be done on other treated knockout mice to identify the mutation types generated by oxidative stress in the absence of vitamin C.</p> / Thesis / Master of Science (MSc)

Yes / Half-sandwich metal complexes are of considerable interest in medicine, material, and nanomaterial chemistry. The design of libraries of such complexes with particular reactivity and properties is therefore a major quest. Here, we report the unique and peculiar reactivity of eight apparently 16-electron half-sandwich metal (ruthenium, osmium, rhodium, and iridium) complexes based on benzene-1,2-dithiolato and 3,6-dichlorobenzene-1,2-dithiolato chelating ligands. These electron-deficient complexes do not react with electron-donor pyridine derivatives, even with the strong σ-donor 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) ligand. The Ru, Rh, and Ir complexes accept electrons from the triphenylphosphine ligand (σ-donor, π-acceptor), whilst the Os complexes were found to be the first examples of non-electron-acceptor electron-deficient metal complexes. We rationalized these unique properties by a combination of experimental techniques and DFT/TDFT calculations. The synthetic versatility offered by this family of complexes, the low reactivity at the metal center, and the facile functionalization of the non-innocent benzene ligands is expected to allow the synthesis of libraries of pseudo electron-deficient half-sandwich complexes with unusual properties for a large range of applications.

Yes / A 16-electron iridium organometallic is reacted with carbon monoxide to form an 18-electron CO-adduct. This CO-adduct is stable for weeks in the solid state, but quickly reverts to its parent 16-e complex in tetrahydrofuran solution, releasing CO(g). Using a simple methodology, we show that this gas can subsequently be used to perform a carbonylation reaction on another molecule. / Royal Society; Academy of Medical Sciences/the Wellcome Trust/the Government Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy/the British Heart Foundation Springboard Award

Yes / An evaluation of the in vitro cytotoxicity of nine electron-deficient half-sandwich metal complexes towards two colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT116 p53+/+, HCT116 p53-/-) and one normal prostate cell line (PNT2) is presented herein. Three complexes were found to be equally cytotoxic towards both colorectal cancer cell lines, suggesting a p53-independent mechanism of action. These complexes are 12 to 34  more potent than cisplatin against HCT116 p53+/+ and HCT116 p53-/- cells. Furthermore, they were found to exhibit little or no cytotoxicity towards PNT2 normal cells, with selectivity ratios greater than 50. To gain an insight into the potential mechanisms of action of the most active compounds, their effects on the expression levels of a panel of genes were measured using qRT-PCR against treated HCT116 p53+/+ and HCT116 p53-/- cells, and cell cycle analysis was carried out. / The Royal Society grant UF150295, The Academy of Medical Sciences grant SFB003\1170

Este estudo interroga os efeitos de sentido no discurso sobre o sujeito deficiente produzido pela legislação educacional brasileira e enunciado nas Constituições e nas Leis de diretrizes da educação. O dispositivo teórico se filia à Análise de Discurso. A Análise de Discurso trabalha com o lingüístico e com o ideológico no processo de produção do sentido e constituição do sujeito. Visa compreender o funcionamento do discurso, a produção de sentidos entre locutores, bem como interrogar os sentidos estabilizados e sua relação com a língua. O sujeito da Análise de Discurso é o resultante de um processo de assujeitamento pela língua e pela história, e não o sujeito corpóreo. A análise do funcionamento da língua, enquanto materialidade dos discursos legislativos, possibilita compreender os efeitos de sentido constituídos sobre o sujeito deficiente. Ao dispositivo teórico da Análise de Discurso agrego noções de construção multicultural da igualdade e da diferença e de hibridismo cultural e entre-lugar. O corpus discursivo retido para análise revela que o discurso sobre o sujeito deficiente produzido pela legislação é da ordem da organização do social e produz um efeito de sentido que limita o funcionamento do discurso da ordem do simbólico. Para o discurso da legislação, a incompletude e a falta são significadas como falha, imperfeição e não como possibilidade, como desejo. A produção, ampliação e renovação da legislação sobre o sujeito deficiente parecem constituir uma forma de vigilância, uma estratégia de afastamento, um mecanismo de proteção da sociedade frente à insegurança do imaginário hostil da deficiência. O excesso da legislação preenche o espaço da indeterminação necessária para emergir a subjetividade, porque o processo de tornar-se sujeito implica a idéia de um possível, de uma falta. As diferentes formas de designar o sujeito deficiente, na perspectiva discursiva, vão além de uma retórica ingênua, pois as palavras constroem uma memória que remete a sentidos que as marcou em outros momentos da relação língua-ideologia. Essas designações podem revelar que, para além dos fatores biológicos, são os processos ideológicos, sociais, econômicos que constituem e atualizam os sentidos e o sujeito deficiente. / This study inquires the effects of senses in the speech about deficient subject produced by the Brazilian educational laws e enunciated in the Constitutions and in the directive Laws of the education. The theoretical device joins the Speech Analysis. The Speech Analysis works with the linguistics and with the ideological in the production process of sense and constitution of the subject. It seeks to understand the function of the speech, the production of senses between speakers, as well as to question the stabilized senses and its relation with the language. The Speech Analysis subject is a result of a process of becoming the subject through the language and through the history, and not the corporeal subject. The analysis of the language functioning, while being materiality of the legislative speeches, allows the comprehension of the sense effects constituted over the deficient subject. To the theoretical device of the Speech Analysis I add notions of multi-cultural construction of the equality and of the difference and of the cultural hybridism and between-place. The discursive corpus retained to be analyzed reveals that the speech about de deficient subject made by the legislation is from the order of the organization of the social and it products an effect of sense that limits the function of the speech from the order of the symbolical. To the legislation speech, the unfinished and the fault are meant to be flaws, imperfections and not as possibility, as desire. The production, amplification and renovation of the legislation about the deficient subject seem to constitute a mode of vigilance, a strategy to repel, a society’s mechanism of protection against the insecurity of the hostile imaginary of the deficiency. The legislation excess fills up the space of the indetermination necessary to emerge the subjectivity, because the process of becoming subject implicates an idea of a possible, of a lack. The different ways of appointing the deficient subject, in the discursive perspective, go on beyond a naive rhetoric, because the words build a memory that addresses to senses that have marked it in other moments of the relation ideology-language. These designations may reveal that, to beyond the biological factors, are the biological, social and economical process that constitute and update the senses and the deficient subject.

Este estudo interroga os efeitos de sentido no discurso sobre o sujeito deficiente produzido pela legislação educacional brasileira e enunciado nas Constituições e nas Leis de diretrizes da educação. O dispositivo teórico se filia à Análise de Discurso. A Análise de Discurso trabalha com o lingüístico e com o ideológico no processo de produção do sentido e constituição do sujeito. Visa compreender o funcionamento do discurso, a produção de sentidos entre locutores, bem como interrogar os sentidos estabilizados e sua relação com a língua. O sujeito da Análise de Discurso é o resultante de um processo de assujeitamento pela língua e pela história, e não o sujeito corpóreo. A análise do funcionamento da língua, enquanto materialidade dos discursos legislativos, possibilita compreender os efeitos de sentido constituídos sobre o sujeito deficiente. Ao dispositivo teórico da Análise de Discurso agrego noções de construção multicultural da igualdade e da diferença e de hibridismo cultural e entre-lugar. O corpus discursivo retido para análise revela que o discurso sobre o sujeito deficiente produzido pela legislação é da ordem da organização do social e produz um efeito de sentido que limita o funcionamento do discurso da ordem do simbólico. Para o discurso da legislação, a incompletude e a falta são significadas como falha, imperfeição e não como possibilidade, como desejo. A produção, ampliação e renovação da legislação sobre o sujeito deficiente parecem constituir uma forma de vigilância, uma estratégia de afastamento, um mecanismo de proteção da sociedade frente à insegurança do imaginário hostil da deficiência. O excesso da legislação preenche o espaço da indeterminação necessária para emergir a subjetividade, porque o processo de tornar-se sujeito implica a idéia de um possível, de uma falta. As diferentes formas de designar o sujeito deficiente, na perspectiva discursiva, vão além de uma retórica ingênua, pois as palavras constroem uma memória que remete a sentidos que as marcou em outros momentos da relação língua-ideologia. Essas designações podem revelar que, para além dos fatores biológicos, são os processos ideológicos, sociais, econômicos que constituem e atualizam os sentidos e o sujeito deficiente. / This study inquires the effects of senses in the speech about deficient subject produced by the Brazilian educational laws e enunciated in the Constitutions and in the directive Laws of the education. The theoretical device joins the Speech Analysis. The Speech Analysis works with the linguistics and with the ideological in the production process of sense and constitution of the subject. It seeks to understand the function of the speech, the production of senses between speakers, as well as to question the stabilized senses and its relation with the language. The Speech Analysis subject is a result of a process of becoming the subject through the language and through the history, and not the corporeal subject. The analysis of the language functioning, while being materiality of the legislative speeches, allows the comprehension of the sense effects constituted over the deficient subject. To the theoretical device of the Speech Analysis I add notions of multi-cultural construction of the equality and of the difference and of the cultural hybridism and between-place. The discursive corpus retained to be analyzed reveals that the speech about de deficient subject made by the legislation is from the order of the organization of the social and it products an effect of sense that limits the function of the speech from the order of the symbolical. To the legislation speech, the unfinished and the fault are meant to be flaws, imperfections and not as possibility, as desire. The production, amplification and renovation of the legislation about the deficient subject seem to constitute a mode of vigilance, a strategy to repel, a society’s mechanism of protection against the insecurity of the hostile imaginary of the deficiency. The legislation excess fills up the space of the indetermination necessary to emerge the subjectivity, because the process of becoming subject implicates an idea of a possible, of a lack. The different ways of appointing the deficient subject, in the discursive perspective, go on beyond a naive rhetoric, because the words build a memory that addresses to senses that have marked it in other moments of the relation ideology-language. These designations may reveal that, to beyond the biological factors, are the biological, social and economical process that constitute and update the senses and the deficient subject.

Este estudo interroga os efeitos de sentido no discurso sobre o sujeito deficiente produzido pela legislação educacional brasileira e enunciado nas Constituições e nas Leis de diretrizes da educação. O dispositivo teórico se filia à Análise de Discurso. A Análise de Discurso trabalha com o lingüístico e com o ideológico no processo de produção do sentido e constituição do sujeito. Visa compreender o funcionamento do discurso, a produção de sentidos entre locutores, bem como interrogar os sentidos estabilizados e sua relação com a língua. O sujeito da Análise de Discurso é o resultante de um processo de assujeitamento pela língua e pela história, e não o sujeito corpóreo. A análise do funcionamento da língua, enquanto materialidade dos discursos legislativos, possibilita compreender os efeitos de sentido constituídos sobre o sujeito deficiente. Ao dispositivo teórico da Análise de Discurso agrego noções de construção multicultural da igualdade e da diferença e de hibridismo cultural e entre-lugar. O corpus discursivo retido para análise revela que o discurso sobre o sujeito deficiente produzido pela legislação é da ordem da organização do social e produz um efeito de sentido que limita o funcionamento do discurso da ordem do simbólico. Para o discurso da legislação, a incompletude e a falta são significadas como falha, imperfeição e não como possibilidade, como desejo. A produção, ampliação e renovação da legislação sobre o sujeito deficiente parecem constituir uma forma de vigilância, uma estratégia de afastamento, um mecanismo de proteção da sociedade frente à insegurança do imaginário hostil da deficiência. O excesso da legislação preenche o espaço da indeterminação necessária para emergir a subjetividade, porque o processo de tornar-se sujeito implica a idéia de um possível, de uma falta. As diferentes formas de designar o sujeito deficiente, na perspectiva discursiva, vão além de uma retórica ingênua, pois as palavras constroem uma memória que remete a sentidos que as marcou em outros momentos da relação língua-ideologia. Essas designações podem revelar que, para além dos fatores biológicos, são os processos ideológicos, sociais, econômicos que constituem e atualizam os sentidos e o sujeito deficiente. / This study inquires the effects of senses in the speech about deficient subject produced by the Brazilian educational laws e enunciated in the Constitutions and in the directive Laws of the education. The theoretical device joins the Speech Analysis. The Speech Analysis works with the linguistics and with the ideological in the production process of sense and constitution of the subject. It seeks to understand the function of the speech, the production of senses between speakers, as well as to question the stabilized senses and its relation with the language. The Speech Analysis subject is a result of a process of becoming the subject through the language and through the history, and not the corporeal subject. The analysis of the language functioning, while being materiality of the legislative speeches, allows the comprehension of the sense effects constituted over the deficient subject. To the theoretical device of the Speech Analysis I add notions of multi-cultural construction of the equality and of the difference and of the cultural hybridism and between-place. The discursive corpus retained to be analyzed reveals that the speech about de deficient subject made by the legislation is from the order of the organization of the social and it products an effect of sense that limits the function of the speech from the order of the symbolical. To the legislation speech, the unfinished and the fault are meant to be flaws, imperfections and not as possibility, as desire. The production, amplification and renovation of the legislation about the deficient subject seem to constitute a mode of vigilance, a strategy to repel, a society’s mechanism of protection against the insecurity of the hostile imaginary of the deficiency. The legislation excess fills up the space of the indetermination necessary to emerge the subjectivity, because the process of becoming subject implicates an idea of a possible, of a lack. The different ways of appointing the deficient subject, in the discursive perspective, go on beyond a naive rhetoric, because the words build a memory that addresses to senses that have marked it in other moments of the relation ideology-language. These designations may reveal that, to beyond the biological factors, are the biological, social and economical process that constitute and update the senses and the deficient subject.