T lymphocytes are primarily involved in adaptive, cell-mediated, immune reactions. In this thesis T cells were studied regarding central and peripheral differentiation and homeostatic mechanisms for maintanance of the immune repertoire. The influence by mature T cells on thymic development was studied in C.B-17 scid/scid (SCID) mice, devoid of mature T and B cells, and whose thymocyte development is arrested at the early pro-T cell stage. When mature syngeneic T cells were injected the developmental block was overcome and there was an accumulation of CD4+CD8+ thymocytes. This event was accompanied by the maturation of medullary epithelial cells in thymus which seemed to be driven by CD8+ T cells. In the periphery there was initially a spontaneous T-cell proliferation and later, the majority of the donor T lymphocytes showed a memory phenotype with high expression of CD44 and with an early onset of proliferation and cytokine production upon stimulation. This stable pool of memory type of cells sustained for more than a year following treatment. Treating SCID mice with allogeneic T cells results in graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Severe GVHD was dependent on the MHC-haplotype of the donor cells and was accompanied by profound alterations of the TCR-Vβ repertoire and with high production of IFN-γ. Kappa light chain (κ)-deficient mice have only half the number of B cells as their normal counterparts but normal levels of immunoglobulins. When T cells from κ-deficient mice were stimulated in vitro there was a bias towards production of B-cell stimulatory type 2 cytokines. This is proposed as a mechanism for the homeostatic control of serum immunoglobulin levels in κ-deficient mice.

Darbe atlikta teorinė specialiosios ir bendrojo lavinimo mokyklos programų, gamtos mokslų mokymo metodų, organizavimo formų, bei vaizdinių gamtos mokymo priemonių analizė. Iškeltos hipotezės: kad gamtos dalyko pamokose panaudojus aktyviuosius mokymo metodus, susietus su grafinėmis užduotimis, mokinių žinios apie žinduolių klasę pagerės; kad temos „Žinduoliai“ turinio įsisavinimas geresnis, kai žinių įtvirtinimo užduotys ne vien tikrina ir įtvirtina žinias, bet ir sudaro galimybę pačiam atrasti atsakymą, tyrinėjant pateiktą naują mokomąją medžiagą. Organizuotas ugdomasis tyrimas, kurio tikslas - gerinti nežymiai protiškai atsilikusių mokinių žinių apie žinduolius įsisavinimą, remiantis moderniosios gamtos didaktikos siūlomais aktyviais mokymo metodais ir praktikos darbais (didelį dėmesį skiriant grafinių užduočių panaudojimui). Atlikta aprašomoji statistinė (vidurkių, procentų), kiekybinė ir kokybinė duomenų analizė. Tyrime dalyvavo 16 Klaipėdos 1 – osios ir 2 - osios specialiųjų mokyklų VIII klasės moksleivių. 10 gamtos dalyko mokytojų iš Klaipėdos, Rusnės bei Šiaulių specialiųjų mokyklų. Empirinėje dalyje nagrinėjamas mokytojų požiūris į gamtos dalyko mokymą, nežymiai protiškai atsilikusių mokinių žinios ir supratimas prieš temos „Žinduoliai“ mokymą, mokymo organizavimo specifika, moksleivių žinios ir supratimas po temos „Žinduoliai“ mokymo, gautų testų rezultatų po temos mokymo palyginimas. Svarbiausios empirinio tyrimo išvados: 1. Dauguma pedagogų žino apie... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The analysis of programmers of special and secondary schools, methods of natural sciences teaching, planning forms and visual teaching aids is carried out in this paper. The hypothesis: that pupils knowledge about mammalians will be improved using active teaching methods associated with graphical tasks during natural science lessons; that understanding of theme “Mammalians” is better when tasks for solidifying pupils knowledge are not used only for checking and solidifying, but gives the opportunity to learn themselves (find the answer) researching given material; that formed experimental teaching model will give enough good results for teaching theme “Mammalians” to narrowly mentally deficient pupils as well as for practice of natural sciences didactics. Organized educational research, the aim is to improve the knowledge of narrowly mentally deficient pupils about mammalians according to active methods recommended by modern science didactics and practical works (paying attention to usage of graphical tasks). Qualitative and quantitative analysis of data is done as well. Participants of the research are 16 8th form students of Klaipėda 1st and 2nd special boarding schools; 10 natural subject teachers from Klaipėda, Rusnė, Šilutė special schools. At the empirical part of work is analyzed teachers’ approach to natural subject teaching, knowledge of narrowly mentally deficient pupils before teaching theme “Mammalians”, specifics of teaching organization, knowledge of narrowly... [to full text]

xx, 281 p. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number. / More than two-thirds of all enzyme substrates and cofactors are anionic, emphasizing the essential role that anions play in biological processes. Moreover, anions can have detrimental effects on the environment by causing ground water contamination when anions such as perchlorate, phosphate and nitrate develop in intolerable levels. Owing to the prevalent nature of anions, traditional strategies employed to target anions--including hydrogen bonding, metal ion coordination and electrostatic interactions--have been extensively studied. An alternative approach to anion binding would complement the powerful array of existing techniques. Recently, in the supramolecular chemistry community, new insight has been cast on how anions attractively interact with electron-deficient arenes, suggesting that aromatic rings are a viable anion binding strategy to balance existing methods. Chapter I provides a historical perspective of anions interacting with electron- deficient arenes. This outlook has its origins in the late 1800s with the discovery of colored charge-transfer complexes between donor and acceptor molecules and continues with the progression of the field leading up to the recent supramolecular fascination. Chapter II represents our initial efforts at measuring anion/arene interactions in solution. In particular, sulfonamide based hydrogen bonding receptors were developed with pendant aromatic rings to test the strength of anion/arene interactions in solution. Complementary computational chemistry and crystallography were utilized to supplement the solution studies. Chapter III describes our quantum calculations and crystallographic efforts at using only electron-deficient arenes to bind halides. A Cambridge Structure Database survey supports our emphasis of understanding multiple anion/arene interactions. Chapter IV illustrates how tripodal anion receptors can be developed to bind anions using only electron-deficient aromatic rings. Furthermore, subtle changes in anion binding geometries are observed with isomeric receptors and corroborated with Density Functional Theory calculations. Chapter V is dedicated to the preparation of electron-deficient anion receptors that are conformationally stabilized by hydrogen bonds. Chapter VI is committed to using our knowledge of anion binding to study a series of ethynyl-pyridine sulfonamides capable of hydrogen bonding to small molecules and anions. In conclusion, Chapter VII is a summary and future prospective for the field of anion/arene interactions. This dissertation includes previously published and co-authored material. / Adviser: Darren W. Johnson

Submitted by BRUNO SATURNINO DE SOUZA null (br_saturnino@hotmail.com) on 2016-01-14T11:38:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Bruno Saturnino de Souza.pdf: 1024042 bytes, checksum: ec97801fa7722510ebbe5e6c15c6ab16 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Paula Grisoto (grisotoana@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-01-15T11:23:15Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 souza_bs_me_araca_int.pdf: 1024042 bytes, checksum: ec97801fa7722510ebbe5e6c15c6ab16 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-15T11:23:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 souza_bs_me_araca_int.pdf: 1024042 bytes, checksum: ec97801fa7722510ebbe5e6c15c6ab16 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-18 / Não recebi financiamento / A estrutura óssea do ser humano bem como o processo de consolidação óssea são alvos de estudos constantes em todo o mundo. Fraturas e lesões são consequências da fragilidade óssea, normalmente causadas pela osteoporose, um grave problema de saúde pública. Estudos mostram que essa fragilidade pode ser atenuada pela atividade física regular e treinamento de força. O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi avaliar a eficácia do exercício físico resistido frente a osteopenia induzida em ratos que permaneceram com ausência de carga em seus membros pélvicos. O modelo foi o de suspensão da cauda em ratos. Estes foram distribuídos em quatro grupos: C, controle, com período experimental em gaiola; S, suspenso por 21 dias e colocados em solo por mais 21 dias; E, submetido a exercício em escada durante 21 dias e, depois, mantido em solo por mais 21 dias e SE, suspenso por 21 dias e depois submetido a exercício em escada durante 21 dias. Foram realizadas análise de densitometria óssea e ensaio mecânico na tíbia dos animais para avaliar a qualidade do tecido ósseo após o período experimental. Pelos resultados, foi possível observar que o exercício físico com carga e intensidade adequada resulta em aumento da rigidez, força máxima, densidade mineral óssea e conteúdo mineral ósseo caracterizando uma recuperação da qualidade do osso proporcionada pelo exercício físico. Desta forma, conclui-se que o exercício físico com carga resistida e intensidade adequada resulta em remodelação óssea positiva frente a suspenção pela cauda, que por sua vez induz a fragilidade óssea semelhante a osteopenia, sendo eficaz no tratamento e prevenção dessa enfermidade. / The bone structure of the human being and the bone healing process are constant targets of studies worldwide. Fractures and injuries are consequences of bone frailty, usually caused by osteoporosis, a serious public health problem. Studies have shown that regular physical activity and strength training can mitigate this weakness. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the resistance exercise against osteopenia induced in rats that remained with no load on their hind limbs. The suspension model used was the rat’s tail model suspension. These rats were divided into four groups: C, control, with trial cage; S, suspended for 21 days and placed in soil for 21 days; E subjected to exercise ladder for 21 days and then kept in the soil for 21 days, and SE suspended for 21 days and then subjected to exercise ladder for 21 days. Bone densitometry analysis and mechanical testing in the tibia of the animals were realized to verify the quality of bone tissue after the trial period. It was possible to observe in the results that the exercise load and proper intensity results in increased rigidity, maximum strength, bone mineral density and bone mineral content featuring a recovery of bone quality provided by exercise. In this way, it was concluded that physical exercise with appropriate intensity and repeated load results in a positive bone remodeling before the suspension by the tail, which in turn induces a similar bone fragility osteoporosis, being effective in the treatment and prevention of this disease.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2006Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:23:45Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 audi_m_me_mar.pdf: 740164 bytes, checksum: dc27e3ada82299b1d96e3f6dd192b2ce (MD5) / Alguns indivíduos com encefalopatias podem apresentar movimentos involuntários associados ao quadro de seqüelas. Esses movimentos podem provocar limitações funcionais e vir a prejudicar o desempenho nas atividades escolares e da vida diária. O uso de pulseira estabilizadora com pesos é um recurso que pode minimizar os movimentos involuntários e auxiliar no desempenho desses indivíduos. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo geral analisar o comportamento motor de membro superior, no ato de apontar um alvo, por meio do uso de peso, em indivíduos com seqüelas de encefalopatias, os quais apresentavam movimentos involuntários nos membros superiores. Participaram da pesquisa 8 indivíduos, com seqüelas de encefalopatias, que apresentavam movimentos involuntários em membros superiores, do gênero masculino e feminino. A pesquisa foi realizada no laboratório de análise de movimento do Centro de Estudos da Educação e da Saúde, Unesp, Campus de Marília (CEES). A coleta de dados foi feita por meio de estudo cinemático e eletromiográfico da performance do movimento de membros superiores, no ato de apontar um alvo, com e sem o uso de peso. Foi realizada uma análise quantitativa dos dados obtidos nos registros cinemáticos, em relação ao deslocamento escalar, velocidade média escalar e nos registros eletromiográficos, em relação à intensidade de contração muscular, nos momentos sem o uso de peso contra a ação da gravidade e com o uso de peso. Para cada movimento, foram comparados: a velocidade escalar, o deslocamento escalar, o momento de contração muscular, por meio de análise de dispersão de dados pareados. Os resultados demonstraram respostas mais adequadas de intensidades de contrações musculares e de menor deslocamento escalar, com uso de pulseira de pesos. Pode-se concluir que o uso de pulseira com peso favoreceu a realização... / Some individual with encephalopathy can present involuntary movements associated with features of sequel. These movements can arose functional restrictions and come to prejudice the performance at school and daily activities. The use of stabilized bangle with weight is a resource that can minimize the involuntary movements and relieve this individual performance. The present work had as general objective to analyze the upper limbs motor behavior during the act of aim a target through the use of weight on individual with encephalopathy sequel that presented involuntary movements on upper limbs. Eight individual with encephalopathy sequel participated in this research which presented involuntary movements in upper limbs of male and female gender. The research was accomplished in the laboratory of analyzes of movements at Centro de Estudos da Educação e da Saúde, Unesp, Campus from the city of Marília ( CEES ).The collection of data was accomplished thought the kinematics and electromyographic studies performs of upper limbs in the act of aim a target with and without the use of weight. It was accomplished a quantitative analyses of data obtained to kinematics register related to the dislocation scale, medium scalar velocity in the register of electromyographic related to intensity of muscular contraction during the movements without the use of weight against the gravicity action and also with the use of weight. For each movement was compared: the scalar velocity, scalar dislocation, the movement of muscular contraction through the analyze of electromyographic. The results demonstrated adequate answers to the intensity of muscular contractions and less scalar dislocation with the use of weight. Concluding that the use of bangle with weight exalted the accomplishment of functional and adequate movement during the act of aim a target.

Orientador: Ione Morita / Banca: Telma Flores Genaro Motti / Banca: Ana Teresa de Abreu Ramos-Cerqueira / Resumo: O presente estudo teve por objetivo analisar as implicações da deficiência auditiva adquirida em adultos, através de uma abordagem metodológica quantiqualitativa. O dados quantitativos para a caracterização das pessoas com deficiência auditiva adquirida, foram obtidos através dos dados da classificação socioeconômica e dos dados cadastrais do prontuário clínico, enquanto que os qualitativos realizaram-se através de entrevista com questões norteadoras. Foram entrevistados seis pacientes sem acompanhante, três pacientes acompanhados do cônjuge e um paciente acompanhado da filha. Outras cinco entrevistas foram realizadas somente com os cônjuges e uma somente com o filho. Para a análise dos dados da entrevista foi utilizada a técnica de análise de conteúdo. A partir dos dados levantados, verificou-se que: 31,25% estão na faixa etária dos 40-44 anos; a maioria é do sexo masculino 62,5%; 62,5% não concluíram o ensino fundamental; 62,5% pertencem à classe Baixa Superior; a perda auditiva ocorreu quando os pacientes tinham entre 40-44 anos: 37,5%; os sintomas e queixas mais relatados foram a crise forte de labirintite 25%; traumatismo crânio encefálico: 25%; 75% apresentaram perda auditiva bilateral, sendo 18,75% com perda auditiva de grau moderado/profundo; 25,0% apresentaram perda unilateral, 12,5% de grau profundo; dos 16 casos pesquisados, 13 estavam trabalhando, sendo que, destes, 30,77% pararam de trabalhar devido ao problema auditivo e 15,38% mudaram de profissão. Nas relações familiares foi observada pela pessoa, com deficiência, a existência da autodiscriminação, discriminação do outro, dificuldade ocasionada no relacionamento, alterações no relacionamento, cobranças e, por fim, a desagregação familiar. Os familiares registraram esse impacto colocando... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Present study aimed to assess the implications of acquired hearing deficiency in adults, through a quantitative-qualitative methodological approach. Quantitative data for the characterization of people with an acquired hearing deficiency have been obtained through data from a socio-economical ranking and from data from clinic dossiers, while qualitative data was obtained through an interview with guiding questions. Six patients were interviewed with a company, three in the company of a husband or wife and one patient with the company of a daughter. Another five interviews were performed only with husbands or wives and one interview only with a son. To assess interview data a content analysis technique was used. Since obtained data, it was observed that 32.25% are 40-44 years old; most of them are male, 62.5%; 62.5% had not concluded fundamental degree; 62.5% belonged to Upper Low class; hearing loss occurred when patients were 40 - 44 years old : 37.5%; most reported symptoms and complaints were a heavy labirynthitis crisis, 25%; cranium-encephalic traumatism, 25%; 75% showed a bilateral hearing loss, 18.75%, a hearing loss of a deep-moderate degree; 25.0% showed a unilateral loss; 12.5% of a deep degree; from the 16 studied cases, 13 were working, 30.77% had stopped working due to the hearing problem and 15.38% changed their occupations. As for familiar relationships the person with the deficiency observed an auto-discrimination, other people discrimination, difficult relationships, changes in relationship, collecting, and finally a familiar desegregation. Familiars registered such an impact reporting a difficulty related to the acceptance of the problem and emphasizing the need of patience to cope with the situation and with familiar desegregation due to acquired hearing deficiency... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Trata-se de pesquisa teórica que tem o propósito de colocar em crise o conceito de deficiência mental, averiguando em que medida esta teorização, construída sob a influência das abordagens médica, psicológica e pedagógica, foi decisiva para excluir crianças cuja performance não condizia com o ideal de aluno surgido no contexto do ensino público obrigatório. Para tanto, fizemos o resgate histórico sobre o tema da deficiência mental procurando rastrear em que contextos se observaram os deslizamentos semânticos tais como retardamento mental e debilidade mental, embasando-nos em autores como Postel, Quetel, Bercherie, Ajuriaguerra, Double, Foucault, Mannoni e Lacan; argumentamos sobre o tema a partir do eixo teórico da Psicanálise como uma produção discursiva que vingou juntamente com o advento de um ideal de ciência objetivada, o cientificismo-tecnicismo, e que teve na hegemonia do discurso médico seu sustentáculo, orientando nossa análise nos estudos de autores como Freud, Lacan, Mannoni e Alemán; abordamos a migração para a Pedagogia da abordagem cientificista-tecnicista e apontamos alguns de seus efeitos, apoiados em autores como Arendt, Lefort e Azanha; por último, destacamos que um giro na posição de deficiente mental poderia ser alcançado com a produção de um saber singular, que tanto pelo lado do aluno como do professor seria a implicação e concluimos que as políticas públicas de inclusão escolar, ao mudar o foco deliberativo sobre o aluno deficiente mental, do discurso médico para o jurídico, acabaram por desencadear uma abertura no jeito de considerá-lo no currículo escolar apesar de ter acirrado o mal estar na educação. / The aim of this theoretical research is to deconstruct the concept of mental deficiency by investigating the extent to which this label - constructed under medical, psychological and pedagogical influences - has been decisive in the exclusion of those school children whose profile has not conformed with the ideal of a model pupil within the public education system. To this end the origins of the theme mental deficiency were investigated, and the semantic shifts from mental retardation to mental debility - for instance - were observed. References include Postel, Quetel, Bercherie, Ajuriaguerra, Double, Foucault, Mannoni e Lacan. The theme is argued using the basis of psychoanalysis theory as a source of speech production - originated in conjunction with the empirical science paradigm - which in turn was supported by the dominant medical discourse. Freud, Lacan, Mannoni e Alemáns studies guided this analysis. The migration of this approach to the pedagogical one is discussed and some of its effects are highlighted, based in the writings of Arendt, Lefort and Azanha. Finally, we pointed out that a functioning shift in the mentally deficient could be reached with a singular knowledge production, over which pupils and teachers alike would be have responsibilities. We concluded that school inclusion public policies, through changing the focus on the mentally deficient pupil from the medical to the legal discourse, promoted a spin in the way pupil assessment is made against the curriculum, despite the increased discomfort levels within the education system.

Esta pesquisa investigou o trabalho realizado em uma sala de recursos para deficientes visuais, que apóia educandos cegos e com baixa visão, seus familiares e os profissionais da instituição, e sua contribuição, legitimidade e importância em um contexto de inclusão escolar. Os dados foram obtidos mediante as entrevistas semi-estruturadas realizadas com os envolvidos. Além disso, foram realizadas observações das aulas, e a análise documental de dois projetos de funcionamento da sala de recursos, registros e outros materiais selecionados na escola e no setor de apoio pesquisado, contemplando diferentes significados em seus múltiplos contextos, de forma ampla, descritiva, enfatizando o processo, como pressupõe uma pesquisa qualitativa. Elucidou-se as razões para a criação desse setor de apoio, assim como suas condições de funcionamento, através de uma retomada histórica e teórica sobre a clientela atendida. A realidade constatou a importância desse serviço no processo de inclusão escolar, orientando, supervisionando e desenvolvendo um trabalho adequado a necessidade de pais, alunos e profissionais ligados a escola, enfatizando-se o professor. A pesquisa mostrou que a sala de recursos pesquisada colaborou para o acesso do deficiente visual ao ensino regular e para sua inclusão educacional com maior eficácia. Obstante as conquistas, notou-se a necessidade do setor de apoio rever suas práticas, saindo do isolamento, aprendendo e buscando efetivamente trabalhar em equipe, ampliando seu olhar e desenvolvendo atividades que ultrapassem o âmbito educativo do aluno focalizado. / This research investigated the work developed in a resource room for visual deficient which supports students who are blind or have low vision, their relatives and institution professionals, their contribution, legitimacy and importance in a school inclusion context. The information was obtained through semi-structured interviews with people involved. Furthermore, it was implemented class observation, and documental analysis of two projects regarding the functioning of the resource classroom, records and other material selected in the school and in the support department researched, achieving different meanings in its multiple contexts, widely and descriptively, emphasizing the process, as a qualitative research is expected to be. The reasons for the creation of this support department were elucidated, as well as its functioning conditions, through a historic and theoric retaken regarding the ministered clients. It was noticed the importance of this service in the process of school inclusion, guiding, supervising and developing a suitable work for the needs of parents, students and school professionals, being the teacher emphasized. The research showed that the resource room collaborated for the visual deficient access of the regular teaching and their educational inclusion with greater efficiency. Despite the achievements, it was noticed that the support department should review its practices, coming out of the isolation, learning and seeking to work effectively as a team, improving its view and developing activities that goes ahead the educational ambit of the student in focus.

Corrosion failure of post-tension tendons with pre-packaged thixotropic grout was documented in Florida Bridges in less than 10 years of service. Analysis of deficient grout in Florida post-tensioned (PT) bridges where severe corrosion developed indicated enhanced sulfate ion concentration, high pore water pH, enhanced moisture and low chloride content. The corrosion wasn’t consistent with the conventional causes of steel corrosion such as bleed water accumulation in grout void spaces, chloride contamination and pore water carbonation. Corrosion development was associated with deficient grout with enhanced sulfate levels. However, limited information is available on the corrosion behavior of PT strand in grout materials with enhanced sulfate content. Review of the technical literature has not shown consistent evidence of the role of sulfate ions in the corrosion of steel in solution and in hydrated cementitious material. In this research, the role of sulfates in cementitous materials was examined including identifying practical limits for sulfates in grout materials. Laboratory samples were created with 15% and 20% excess water to enhance deficient grout materials and included enhanced sodium and chloride content. Enhanced sulfate and chloride ion presence was thought to provide aggressive corrosion condition of steel in segregated grout. Testing was intended to differentiate the corrosion of steel in pore water condition of deficient grout.

京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(医学) / 甲第23055号 / 医博第4682号 / 新制||医||1048(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻 / (主査)教授 妹尾 浩, 教授 伊達 洋至, 教授 長船 健二 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Medical Science / Kyoto University / DFAM