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Question majeure de l'ordre public le contrôle du meurtre est pleinement institutionnalisé au Liban. Cependant, l'une des tâches les plus complexes du système judiciaire libanais est de prévenir la vendetta. Ce travail porte sur un lynchage exécuté en réaction à l'homicide de quatre membres d’une même famille advenu le 29 avril 2010, en présence des acteurs du système judiciaire. Ce qui a été connu sous le nom de «la vengeance de Ketermaya » —village situé dans la partie méridionale du gouvernorat du Mont Liban—illustre la dérive de la vendetta coutumière dans la violence de profanation. Anthropologue de la violence extrême Véronique Nahoum- Grappe met l’accent sur la convergence du crime de profanation avec les crimes politiques. Fondée sur une description dense de l'affaire notre recherche interroge les dérégulations des systèmes sociétaux et étatique de contrôle du meurtre. Seraient-elles conséquentes aux politiques de régulation menées selon des priorités liées à la sécurité nationale, priorités qui ne prennent pas en compte d'autres problèmes sociaux importants ? / As a major question of public order, control of murder is fully institutionalized in Lebanon. However, one of the most complicated task facing the Lebanese judiciary system is to prevent vendetta. Based on a thick description of the case this dissertation is about what came to be known as “the vengeance of Ketermaya”’ —a village Southern part of the Mount Lebanon governorate. April 29, 2010, a lynching that happened in reaction to the homicide of four family member, in presence of representative of the judiciary system, illustrate a drift of control of murder into a violence of desecration. According to Veronique Nahoum-Grape, “political crimes” and “crime of desecration” converge. Does the drift into extreme coercive violence illustrate a related disturbance of vendetta and legal systems of control of murder when policies of regulation are meant to be led according to priorities centered on issues of national security that not take into account other significant social issues?

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2005-08-25Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:30:13Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_eg_me_assis.pdf: 899178 bytes, checksum: f2799af21b70e6c60444e2c0afc3b4b6 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A presente dissertação de mestrado aborda a problemática do despojamento em São Bernardo de Claraval (1090-1153) e São Francisco de Assis (1181/2-1226), nos séculos XII-XIII, a partir de algumas Epístolas de Bernardo e do Tratado intitulado a Apologia a Guilherme; e, para Francisco de Assis, a Regra Bulada e o Testamento, juntamente com a Primeira Vida de São Francisco de Assis, composta por Tomás de Celano (1185?/1190?-1260?). Nossa proposta diz respeito às implicações no modo de vida religiosa dos séculos XII-XIII implantadas por Bernardo e Francisco; do contato social que mantiveram com os homens; bem como do desenvolvimento do modelo monástico cisterciense por Bernardo de Claraval, baseado no exemplo de Cister (1098) e na Regra de São Bento (535-545); e, da criação da fraternidade franciscana por Francisco de Assis, com a instituição de uma nova comunidade, de uma Regra, que adota como norma à pobreza, a obediência, a caridade e a humildade, mantendo os seus frades ligados à cidade, trabalhando com os leprosos e mendigos. Por fim, analisamos o problema do despojamento corporal em Bernardo e Francisco, sobretudo porque, na Idade Média, os religiosos tinham uma relação diferente com o corpo, geralmente, visto como uma tentação a ser vencida por meio da busca da parúsia e do encontro com Cristo. / The respective Master Essay Thesis considers the problem of desecration caused through the rules of Saint Bernard of Claraval (1090-1153) and Saint Francisco of Assis (1181/2-1226), between the centuries XI-XIII, concerning Bernard's Epistles and a Treaty named Guilherme's Apololy as well as Francisco of Assis's, Bulled Rule and Testament, in combination with Saint Francisco's First Life, that was composed by Thomas of Celano (1185?/1190-1260). Our purpose is to show the implications in the religious way of life, between the XII-XIII centuries made by Saints Bernard and Francisco. This covers the social contact and the company kept between men, such as the development of the monastic standards of Cistercians by Bernard of Claraval, based on Cister's example (1908) and those of Saint Benedict's Rule (535-545); and, also the Franciscan brotherhood created by Francisco of Assis. This Franciscan Rule for a new community instituition adopting rules covering poverty, obedience, charity and humility, keeping their priests connected to city society and population, through working with lepers and beggars and other ostracized members of the community. Actually, we attempt to analyse in Bernard and Francisco a problem about the desecration of the body, because, in the Middle Age, religious clergies had a different relationship with the human body, usually seen as a tentation to be win, through seeking the Parousia, where it is preached throughout the Christian & Catholoic Church that all christian people await Christ's Second Coming to absolve them of their sins.

Orientador: Ruy de Oliveira Andrade Filho / Banca: Eduardo Basto de Albuquerque / Banca: Marcelo Candido da Silva / Resumo: A presente dissertação de mestrado aborda a problemática do despojamento em São Bernardo de Claraval (1090-1153) e São Francisco de Assis (1181/2-1226), nos séculos XII-XIII, a partir de algumas Epístolas de Bernardo e do Tratado intitulado a Apologia a Guilherme; e, para Francisco de Assis, a Regra Bulada e o Testamento, juntamente com a Primeira Vida de São Francisco de Assis, composta por Tomás de Celano (1185?/1190?-1260?). Nossa proposta diz respeito às implicações no modo de vida religiosa dos séculos XII-XIII implantadas por Bernardo e Francisco; do contato social que mantiveram com os homens; bem como do desenvolvimento do modelo monástico cisterciense por Bernardo de Claraval, baseado no exemplo de Cister (1098) e na Regra de São Bento (535-545); e, da criação da fraternidade franciscana por Francisco de Assis, com a instituição de uma nova comunidade, de uma Regra, que adota como norma à pobreza, a obediência, a caridade e a humildade, mantendo os seus frades ligados à cidade, trabalhando com os leprosos e mendigos. Por fim, analisamos o problema do despojamento corporal em Bernardo e Francisco, sobretudo porque, na Idade Média, os religiosos tinham uma relação diferente com o corpo, geralmente, visto como uma tentação a ser vencida por meio da busca da parúsia e do encontro com Cristo. / Abstract: The respective Master Essay Thesis considers the problem of desecration caused through the rules of Saint Bernard of Claraval (1090-1153) and Saint Francisco of Assis (1181/2-1226), between the centuries XI-XIII, concerning Bernard's Epistles and a Treaty named Guilherme's Apololy as well as Francisco of Assis's, Bulled Rule and Testament, in combination with Saint Francisco's First Life, that was composed by Thomas of Celano (1185?/1190-1260). Our purpose is to show the implications in the religious way of life, between the XII-XIII centuries made by Saints Bernard and Francisco. This covers the social contact and the company kept between men, such as the development of the monastic standards of Cistercians by Bernard of Claraval, based on Cister's example (1908) and those of Saint Benedict's Rule (535-545); and, also the Franciscan brotherhood created by Francisco of Assis. This Franciscan Rule for a new community instituition adopting rules covering poverty, obedience, charity and humility, keeping their priests connected to city society and population, through working with lepers and beggars and other ostracized members of the community. Actually, we attempt to analyse in Bernard and Francisco a problem about the desecration of the body, because, in the Middle Age, religious clergies had a different relationship with the human body, usually seen as a tentation to be win, through seeking the Parousia, where it is preached throughout the Christian & Catholoic Church that all christian people await Christ's Second Coming to absolve them of their sins. / Mestre

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Le grand projet à l’origine de la réalisation de cette thèse est de proposer une nouvelle manière de comprendre la nature instable et décloisonnée du pop art, ce courant pictural presque sorti de l’histoire de l’art pour s’ériger en signe diffus de la culture populaire.Les enjeux plus conceptuels, qu’il dissimule derrière une imagerie devenue familière, sont pourtant d’une importance capitale pour la reconfiguration de la définition contemporaine de l’œuvre d’art. Toujours entre surface et profondeur, l’image pop se développe insidieusement.Le concept de « coïncidence des opposés », hérité d’une tradition théologico-philosophique dont Nicolas De Cues est le dépositaire le plus illustre, nous servira d’outil opératoire pour tenter de comprendre les implications sémantiques liées à la nature glissante de cet espace artistique aux contours flous. L’instabilité de ses frontières s’exprime d’abord par la proximité entre « art » et « non-art ». Elle s’illustre ensuite et surtout par le développement d’une multitude de microstructures internes reproduisant le même schéma conceptuel de « coïncidence des opposés ». Nous utiliserons alors, pour faciliter notre approche philosophique le concept d’ « ambivalences instables ».Trois grands moments jalonneront notre enquête. Ils seront synthétisés par les trois notions suivantes : « le paradoxe de la destruction créatrice », « la littéralité anti-littérale », et « la désacralisation hyper-sacralisée ». / The aim of this PhD project is to propose a new way of understanding the profoundly unstable and essentially decompartmentalized nature of pop art, this pictorial stream which is almost going beyond the scope of art history to elevate itself to be a vague symbol of popular culture.However, its familiar image hides more conceptual matters of dispute which are of crucial importance when it comes to reconfiguring the contemporary definition of a work of art. Always between surface and depth, pop imagery is developing insidiously.The “coincidence of opposites” concept, inherited from a theological-philosophical tradition, with Nicolas De Cues as its most famous depositary, will be used as an operating tool in our attempt to understand the semantic implications bound to the changing nature of this artistic space, the limits of which are still clearly blurry. This fuzziness of its frontiers appears first and foremost through the proximity between “art” and “non-art”, and then, most of all, through the development of a multitude of internal microstructures mimicking the pattern of the “coincidence of opposites” concept. In order to facilitate the philosophical flexibility of our approach, we will therefore use the concept of “unstable ambivalences”. Three milestones mark our investigation. They are summarized by the three following notions: “the creative destruction paradox”,”anti-literal literalism” and ”hyper-sacralized desecration”.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T17:27:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Flavia D Urso.pdf: 1616648 bytes, checksum: f578da696de954a5e5e0f53b4ba54798 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-06-03 / Sovereignty is a concept made shallow as it presents frail theoretical solutions when applied to aspects from reality. The research hereby aims at understanding Giorgio Agamben s diagnosis on sovereignty by going through the core of Carl Schmitt s thinking in his theory of the sovereign power as well as the displacement of such problem in Michel Foucault s writings. Agamben is an intellectual who perused stern philosophical pathways, sovereignty having stood first and foremost for him along the issue of the potentiality of not being. His approach to reality takes place through the motto to prefer not to, from which he glimpses one possibility for putting down one s relationship between wanting and being able to, and between the constituent and constituted powers. And such annihilation is in effect essential for Agamben since his concept of sovereignty takes into consideration a juridical category not only weakened of its representativeness but most of all originating from an unprecedented biopolitical catastrophe. The path chosen by Agamben for such conclusion is one of a paradigmatic ontology, that is, the axes of understanding for the phenomena which ousted political character from juridical ordinances. The paradigms nuda vita (bare life) and the state of exception mainly constitute the structural elements whose function is to ultimately keep the exception-ridden life of the law. The bottleneck established by sovereignty is undone by a new form-of-life, which means the absolute desecration of a life power over which neither sovereignty nor the law can have control over / A soberania é conceito esvaziado porque apresenta frágeis soluções teóricas quando aplicadas aos aspectos da realidade. Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo a compreensão do diagnóstico de Giorgio Agamben a respeito da soberania percorrendo a centralidade da teoria do poder soberano do pensamento de Carl Schmitt e o deslocamento do problema em Michel Foucault. Agamben é um intelectual de árido percurso filosófico e a soberania para ele, antes de tudo, é uma questão da potencialidade de não ser. A sua aproximação da realidade se dá pela fórmula preferiria não, na qual ele vislumbra uma possibilidade de destruição da relação entre querer e poder, entre poder constituinte e poder constituído. E tal destruição, de fato, é essencial para Agamben porque o seu conceito de soberania considera uma categoria jurídica não só esvaziada de representação, mas, sobretudo, originária de uma catástrofe biopolítica sem precedentes. O caminho escolhido por Agamben para essa conclusão é o de uma ontologia paradigmática, ou seja, eixos de entendimento para os fenômenos que destituíram o caráter político do ordenamento jurídico. Os paradigmas da nuda vita e do estado de exceção, principalmente, são elementos estruturais da soberania cuja função é, enfim, o de manter a vida excepcionada do direito. O nó estabelecido pela soberania desata-se por uma nova forma-de-vida, o que significa uma absoluta profanação de uma potência da vida sobre a qual nem a soberania, nem o direito podem ter mais controle