In a world that faces global warming and other major environmental challenges, it is essential that students learn about the principles of sustainability so that they can apply these principles in their future lives and careers. This is particularly so in fields such as interior architecture and design, which will impact how well humans can move toward a sustainable way of life. The aim of the present study was to evaluate a participatory teaching approach for students of interior design that incorporates ecological thinking. It is particularly intended for use at universities and other places of higher education where such contexts are not currently available and, furthermore, where the teaching has been primarily of a didactic, teacher-centred form. The teaching approach was developed and tested through the involvement of students and staff at a technical institute in Kuwait – a country with severe environmental problems in which teaching at all levels has traditionally been rigidly didactic. A review was carried out of literature on learning theories, design principles, and sustainability paradigms that bore upon the research aim. Following this, a method was chosen, based on action research that involved running different types of workshops, in order to measure the impact of the teaching styles that are ideal to deliver ecological knowledge.

Thèse numérisée par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:13:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cristiane Lopes Simao.pdf: 929984 bytes, checksum: 9acbf826bd7cd38ad7180202a1381847 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-09-10 / The research was conducted at the Graduate Program in Education FE / UFG, the line of research "Culture and Educational Processes." The study focused on the analysis of the concept of Permanent Education in Health (EPS) contained in the National Policy on Permanent Education in Health (PNEPS), established by Decree no. 198/GM/MS of 13/02/2004. The question Central was to analyze the fundamentals of Continuing Education in Health (EPS) of the current proposal. The methodology used was the study and analysis ministerial documents of the period from 2003 to 2009, articles by authors involved with the theme from PAHO and documents related to emergence of the idea of EPS. The theoretical was obtained from the authors approach the current Marxist education and work. For the study possible to note that the conception of the EPS in a PNEPS transcends pedagogical significance, responding to a restructuring of services before the new demands of the production model of toyotist neoliberal times and post-modern. Just when the work is increasingly unstable and precarious is that the Ministry of Health invests in innovative management, giving centrality to the issue of EPS. By decentralizing the management of EPS, before the idea of micro live work, the wheel method and constructivist pedagogies, the subjects of the "quadrilateral training" are encouraged to think permanently on creative solutions to overcome the inefficiency of services. The idea is not education, but management permanent. Unlike an instrument of radical change, EPS becomes an ideology that seduces by its appearance of newness teaching. / A pesquisa foi desenvolvida no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação FE/ UFG, na linha de pesquisa Cultura e Processos Educacionais". O estudo teve como objetivo a análise da concepção da Educação Permanente em Saúde (EPS) constante da Política Nacional de Educação Permanente em Saúde (PNEPS), implantada pela Portaria nº. 198/GM/MS, de 13/02/2004. A questão central foi analisar os fundamentos da Educação Permanente em Saúde (EPS) da proposta em estudo. A metodologia utilizada foi o estudo e análise de documentos ministeriais do período de 2003 a 2009, artigos de autores envolvidos com a temática e documentos oriundos da OPAS relacionados ao surgimento da idéia da EPS. O referencial teórico foi obtido junto a autores que se aproximam da corrente marxista de educação e trabalho. Pelo estudo foi possível constatar que a concepção da EPS na PNEPS transcende um significado pedagógico, respondendo a um processo de reestruturação dos serviços diante das novas demandas do modelo de produção toyotista dos tempos neoliberais e pós-modernos. Justamente no momento em que o trabalho se encontra cada vez mais instável e precarizado é que o Ministério da Saúde aposta na gestão inovadora, dando centralidade à questão da EPS. Por meio da descentralização da gestão da EPS, perante a idéia da micropolítica do trabalho vivo, do método da roda e das pedagogias construtivistas, os sujeitos do "quadrilátero da formação" são estimulados a pensar permanentemente em soluções criativas para a superação da ineficiência dos serviços. A idéia não é de educação permanente, mas de gerenciamento permanente. Ao contrário de um instrumento de transformação radical, a EPS converte-se em uma ideologia que seduz pela sua aparência de novidade pedagógica.

This thesis explains the development of a website for eighth graders about the Battle of Gettysburg. One purpose of the project is to provide several primary source documents, pictures, video from a reenactment of the Battle of Gettysburg, clips from movies about the Civil War, and other material that suppport the students in their learning. The second purpose is to fulffill standard 8.10 of History-Social Science Content Standards for eight grade. This project will help students fulfill this requirement.

A large and growing body of research exists on how the design of the environment can positively or negatively affect people’s health and well-being, as well as influence their behavior. Researchers in this field, known as “environmental design research,” have long acknowledged the challenge of translating their findings into formats that are accepted and used by practitioners. This study explores how environmental design research on urban open space and the practice-oriented translations of it are used by landscape architects who have been recognized in the profession for their designs of parks, plazas, and streets in urban areas. Through interviews with practitioners, an understanding emerges of the impact of environmental design research on contemporary practice, leading to recommendations that could enhance it in the future. Key findings of the study indicate that translations of the research, specifically in the form of design guidelines, while intended to inform practice, are not widely used by designers. Rather, to understand how design impacts human behavior, practitioners rely primarily on what they refer to as intuition, largely informed by their own direct observations of people in public space. The quality of their personal observations, therefore, is critical to their depth of understanding of human behavior and the environment. The study concludes with recommendations that could improve the skills of design students and practitioners to conduct, interpret, and apply their own direct observations in their designs, using methods and findings from the field of environmental design research to inform and enrich this process.

[pt] O presente estudo surgiu, orientado pela necessidade de sistematizar uma experiência diferenciada, no Ensino de Design, com práticas pedagógicas disruptivas, voltadas para o desenvolvimento humano, mediadas por dinâmicas vivenciais e apoiadas pelas redes sociais. Diante da expertise adquirida na prática profissional da autora e do cenário educacional atual, com todas as benesses e agruras tecnológicas e digitais, essa pesquisa propõe uma aproximação do Ensino de Design à educação voltada ao desenvolvimento harmônico do Ser, em todas as suas dimensões. Para isso, percorre o Caminho Quádruplo, que se baseia nas raízes míticas mais profundas da humanidade. Seus aspectos, mental, corporal, social, cultural, bem como as funções da consciência, pensamento, sensação, sentimento e intuição, são estimuladas por meio do ensino híbrido, da interação e da colaboração, apoiadas pelas redes sociais, utilizadas como plataformas de aprendizagem. É nesta bidirecionalidade, entre dois mundos: o de saberes ancestrais e um mundo tecnológico que este trabalho aponta novas práticas pedagógicas que contribuem para uma formação interdisciplinar e transcultural do estudante de Design. Para que essa aproximação fosse possível, a pesquisa se delineou em algumas etapas. A primeira esclarece alguns conceitos fundamentais em que este trabalho se inscreve, a segunda mostra o caminho pessoal da autora, que deu origem a esse trabalho, na terceira etapa se inicia a jornada pelo Caminho Quádruplo dividida em: O caminho do Guerreiro (Dimensão Social - Pensamento), O caminho do Curador (Dimensão Corporal – Sensação), O caminho do Visionário (Dimensão Cultural – Intuição) e o caminho do Mestre (Dimensão Mental – Sentimento). Por fim a quarta etapa aponta para a despedida deste caminhar de forma integrada. / [en] The present study emerged, guided by the need to systematize a differentiated experience, in Design Teaching, with disruptive pedagogical practices, focused on human development, mediated by experiential dynamics and supported by social networks. Given the expertise acquired in the author s professional practice and the current educational scenario, with all the technological and digital benefits and hardships, this research proposes an approximation of Design Teaching to education aimed at the harmonious development of the Being, in all its dimensions. To do so, it follows the Quadruple Path, which is based on the deepest mythical roots of humanity. Its mental, bodily, social, cultural aspects, as well as the functions of consciousness, thought, sensation, feeling and intuition, are stimulated through blended learning, interaction and collaboration, supported by social networks, used as learning platforms. It is in this bidirectionality, between two worlds: that of ancestral knowledge and a technological world that this work points out new pedagogical practices that contribute to an interdisciplinary and transcultural training of the Design student. For this approximation to be possible, the research was outlined in some stages. The first clarifies some fundamental concepts in which this work is inscribed, the second shows the author s personal path, which gave rise to this work, in the third stage begins the journey through the Quadruple Path divided into: The Warrior s Path (Social Dimension - Thought), The Healer s Path (Body Dimension - Sensation), The Visionary s Path (Cultural Dimension - Intuition) and the Master s Path (Mental Dimension - Feeling). Finally, the fourth stage points to the farewell of this walk in an integrated way.

The purpose of this qualitative case study was to define and describe the work of external instructional design consultants. Study participants included seven instructional designers with varied educational backgrounds and work experience who work in a variety of contexts supporting clients in the design and delivery of learning experiences. All seven participants completed an initial survey with demographic and background questions. Five participants then took part in semi-structured interviews. Collected data was coded using both deductive and inductive methods with each case considered individually before combining the data for analysis across cases. Study findings support previous research suggesting that the work of instructional designers is dependent on context. Results further indicated that external instructional design consultants regularly engage in project management, communication and collaboration, and the analysis and evaluation components of the instructional design process, all in keeping with existing literature. External instructional designers differed in that they do more sales-related work, and, in the analysis process, focus more on client needs than learner characteristics. Study participants were invested in creating high quality, engaging learning experiences, while also willing to accommodate the unique challenges facing any given client. The study findings suggested that prospective employees' instructional design knowledge is of limited value during hiring interviews; instead, participants reported being more likely to hire former educators and subject-matter experts who can be trained to do instructional design work. Two broad themes emerged from the study's findings: 1) instructional designers can be organized into instructional designer and manager roles with corresponding responsibilities; and 2) the question of how best to prepare instructional designers is a question of what knowledge and skills are needed and where those skills should be developed. These themes formed the basis of five instructional design personas that resulted from this study, as well as a proposed program for preparing instructional design professionals.

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This doctoral study is about Mindful Design as an approach to promoting Mindfulness. The main focus of this study is to transfer the Mindful Design approach and tools for industrial design into a higher education context that can be understood and applied by design students. Mindful Design is a design approach based on the socio-cognitive theory of Mindfulness. The concept of Mindful Design was introduced by Niedderer (2004) to describe how design products can promote and enhance mindful attention by interrupting or enhancing the user’s interaction or increase his awareness during social activities. Niedderer (2004) notes that Mindful Design can be associated with behavioural change and extends the understanding of social cognitive Mindfulness by changing the expected functions of product use. The theoretical framework addresses the differences in Mindfulness streams, their benefits, and their applicability to design context, topics that provide an important foundation for the development of Mindful Design criteria and tools. Based on this research, design criteria were selected to increase user awareness when interacting with mindful products. Furthermore, learning and teaching theories in the context of design education were discussed to support the chosen teaching strategies for the transfer of knowledge of the Mindful Design approach to design students. These themes were crucial in determining the current research question of this doctoral study. The research methodology focused on testing the applicability of the design and teaching tools developed to determine how socio-cognitive Mindfulness theory can be effectively and understandably introduced into the design context for design students in higher education. In Investigation One, a collection of tools and strategies were developed to determine student understanding and demonstrate the importance of the Mindful Design approach. As a result of this research, the Mindful Design Evaluation was developed and evaluated based on the socio-cognitive dimension of Mindfulness. Investigation Two sought to measure what students learned from the Mindful Design approach and whether the design proposals developed by students in the intervention group achieved higher levels of socio-cognitive Mindfulness than the design proposals proposed by the control group. Finally, the results of Investigation Two supported the assumptions made on the basis of the findings of the theoretical framework. The tools and strategies used to teach and apply the Mindful Design approach to design students showed significant results when applied in a higher education context.:CONTENTS 0 PREFACE 1 0.1 ZUSAMMENFASSUNG 1 0.2 ABSTRACT 3 0.3 ACKNOWLEDGeMENTs 5 1 INTRODUCTION 9 1.1 Research Problem 9 1.2 Thesis Framework 14 2 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK 17 2.1 MINDFULNESS 17 2.1.1 Mindfulness: Two streams 17 2.1.2 Mindfulness for subjective well-being and self-regulation 21 2.1.3 Dimensions of Mindfulness 22 2.1.3.1 Distinction between Mindfulness state and Mindfulness trait 22 2.1.3.2 Differences in the categorization of Mindfulness 23 2.1.3.3 Description of the existing Mindfulness self-report 26 2.1.4 Discussion 30 2.2 MINDFUL DESIGN 32 2.2.1 Mindful Design: Meditation, focus, and empathy 33 2.2.2 Mindful Design: Social interaction, engagement, and behaviour change 34 2.2.3 Mindful Design: Mindfulness for Mindlessness 36 2.2.4 Examples of Mindful Design 37 2.2.5 Goals of Mindful Design 40 2.2.6 Discussion 41 2.3 LEARNING THEORY AND DESIGN CLASSES 45 2.3.1 Learning and teaching theories in design higher education 45 2.3.1.1 Constructivism 47 2.3.1.2 Problem-based learning 47 2.3.1.3 Experiential Learning Theory 49 2.3.2 Differences and similarities between disciplines of product design and industrial design engineering 53 2.3.2.1 Industrial design engineering process 55 2.3.3 Tools for mindful product design 56 2.3.3.1 User-centred design tools 57 2.3.3.2 MinD Personas 60 2.3.3.3 Figurative Scenes for Mindful Design 61 2.3.3.4 MinD visual cards 62 2.3.3.5 Discussion 63 2.4 CONCLUSION AND DISCUSSION OF THE THEORETICAL BACKGROUND CHAPTER 64 3 MINDFUL DESIGN EVALUATION 69 3.1.1 Development of the Mindful Design Evaluation Tool 70 3.1.1.1 Phase 1 – Selection of Statements 70 3.1.1.2 Phase 2A: Reliability, comprehensibility, and applicability 75 3.1.1.3 Phase 2B: Statements: Review 76 3.1.1.4 Limitation and adjustment 77 3.1.1.5 Measurability and evaluation 77 3.1.1.6 Phase C: Reliability assessment 78 3.1.2 Interpretation of results and discussion of the Mindful Design evaluation 79 4 EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATIONS 83 4.1 INVESTIGATION ONE – TEACHING AND LEARNING STRATEGIES FOR COMMUNICATING KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE MINDFUL DESIGN APPROACH 85 4.1.1 Structure of the Investigation 86 4.1.2 Sample 88 4.1.3 Materials for conducting the Investigation 88 4.1.3.1 Presentation 88 4.1.3.2 Design tools: Visual Cards, Figurative Scenes, and Personas 89 4.1.4 Materials for the evaluation of the Investigation 91 4.1.4.1 Evaluation by students 91 4.1.5 Results of Investigation One 92 4.1.5.1 Evaluation by students 92 4.1.5.2 Design Proposal 94 4.1.6 Interpretation and discussion of the results 96 4.2 INVESTIGATION Two – UNDERSTANDING AND DESIGNING BASED ON THE MINDFUL DESIGN APPROACH 101 4.2.1 Ethical approval for the Investigation 103 4.2.2 Structure of the Investigation 104 4.2.3 Sample 105 4.2.4 Materials for conducting the Investigation 106 4.2.4.1 Presentation 106 4.2.4.2 Mindful Design Visual Cards 106 4.2.4.3 Personas and Figurative Scenes 109 4.2.5 Materials for evaluation of the Investigation 111 4.2.5.1 Student Evaluation 111 4.2.5.2 Knowledge Test 112 4.2.5.3 Design proposal 113 4.2.6 Results of Investigation Two 114 4.2.6.1 Evaluation by students 115 4.2.6.2 Knowledge Tests 125 4.2.6.3 Design Proposal 134 4.3 Interpretation and Discussion of the Results 141 4.3.1.1 Student Evaluation 141 4.3.1.2 Knowledge Test 143 4.3.1.3 Design proposals 145 5 CONCLUSION AND OUTLOOK 149 6 DIRECTORIES 157 6.1 References 157 6.2 List of Figures 176 6.3 List of Tables 178 6.4 List of abbreviations and symbols 180 7 APPENDIX 181

The teoretical part of the thesis provides a discussion on the creative work with wood and focuses on wood as a traditional material, which plays a fundamental role not only in the lives of humans, but also in the visual arts culture. This part further discusses the application of this topic in the art and design education with special reference to the relevant educational curricular documentation, methodology of art education through projects and the cross-curriculum relation with eviromental education. The practical part of the thesis was realised in the 2nd class of the Komensky primary school in the town Dačice, the Czech Republic. This part introduces a creative project centred on the topic of wood while discussing its applicability for the art and design education at the lower primary schools. The project consists of the seven creative lessons as a part of the regular art education, which are duly elaborated upon in the practical part.