Orientadores: Sandra Cristina dos Santos Rocha, Lênio José Guerreiro de Faria / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Química / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-16T07:07:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Costa_CristianeMariaLeal_D.pdf: 4893424 bytes, checksum: fe783f77ea1076a9111fde509073464c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: O jambu (Spilanthes oleracea) é uma planta herbácea nativa da região amazônica, da família Compositae, e tem seu cultivo difundido entre os pequenos produtores do nordeste do Estado do Pará. É uma hortaliça rica em elementos nutritivos como ferro, e ainda possui as vitaminas B1, B2, niacina, vitamina C, vitamina A e cálcio. Vale ressaltar que o jambu está atualmente despertando interesse científico e industrial devido as suas potencialidades econômicas. Nas últimas décadas, o desenvolvimento dos processos de recobrimento de partículas tem possibilitado a diversos setores da indústria e da agricultura a obtenção de resultados satisfatórios. As finalidades desses processos vão desde a correção de imperfeições estéticas e aumento de tamanho de partícula até o controle da liberação de substâncias químicas. O processo de recobrimento de sementes consiste em revestir totalmente a superfície da partícula com substâncias aderentes, que podem apresentar-se puras ou em mistura com materiais ativos e/ou inertes, melhorando a aparência, aumentando o tamanho e peso, facilitando a distribuição e o manuseio das sementes, especialmente aquelas muito pequenas e/ou irregulares. O objetivo deste trabalho foi efetuar a caracterização física e contribuir com o desenvolvimento do processo de recobrimento de sementes de jambu em leito fluidizado. Planejamento experimental e análise estatística dos resultados foram empregados para quantificar a influência da vazão da suspensão de recobrimento (Ws) e da vazão do ar de entrada (War), sobre a eficiência de recobrimento (?), crescimento relativo das partículas (?), perdas por elutriação (PE) e germinação (G). A estimativa do ponto ótimo de operação foi determinada em função das variáveis de entrada aplicando o conceito de desejabilidade global. Observou-se que as variáveis Ws e War, dentro da faixa estuda, influenciaram nas respostas consideradas. Dentre as condições estabelecidas neste trabalho, o valor ótimo da Função Desejabilidade é quando Ws é deslocada para o nível médio (6,4 mL/min) e War para o mínimo (0,89 kg/s), obtendo assim 45,1% para ?; 26,7% para ?; 82,4% para G e 46,5% para PE. Foram também determinadas as propriedades físicas e termodinâmicas das sementes de jambu in natura, submetidas ao processo de adsorção e dessorção de umidade nas temperaturas de 20, 30 e 40oC. Os dados experimentais foram avaliados usando seis diferentes modelos matemáticos. O calor isostérico e a entropia diferencial foram estimados através das relações de Clausius-Clapeyron e Gibbs-Helmholtz, respectivamente. O modelo GAB modificado apresentou melhor ajuste aos dados experimentais. Constatando-se um decréscimo gradual do calor molar de sorção com o aumento da umidade até valores próximos ao calor latente de vaporização da água pura, tornando-se assintótico quando o conteúdo de umidade de equilíbrio de 10%bs é alcançado. A teoria da compensação entalpiaentropia foi aplicada com sucesso às isotermas e indica que o mecanismo de sorção de umidade das sementes de jambu in natura pode ser considerado como controlado pela entalpia. Além disso, a análise do comportamento higroscópico das sementes recobertas mostrou claramente a proteção do recobrimento sobre as sementes de jambu, indicando que as sementes recobertas apresentam maior estabilidade higroscópica que as sementes nuas, e que o recobrimento atua como uma barreira à transferência de vapor d'água entre as sementes e o ambiente externo, controlando desta forma o processo de adsorção de umidade e favorecendo o manuseio e a armazenagem segura / Abstract: Jambu (Spilanthes oleracea) is an Amazon native herbaceous plant, from the Compositae family, and its crops are spread among small producers of the northeast of the State of Pará. It is a vegetable with many nutrients such as iron, vitamins B1, B2, C, A, niacine, and calcium. It is noteworthy that the jambu seeds present great scientific and industrial interest due o their economic potential. In the last decades, the development of particle coating and granulation processes has allowed several sectors of the industry and agriculture to reach satisfactory results. The objectives of these processes are correction of esthetic imperfections, the increase of particle size and the control of the release of chemicals. The coating process consists of a total overlay of the particle surface with adherent substances, which may be pure or mixed with active and/or inert materials. This process improves the appearance, handling and transport of the seeds, and it also increases size and weight of the particles, especially the tiny and/or irregular ones. The objectives of this work were to perform the physical characterization and to contribute to the development of the coating of jambu seeds in fluidized bed. The experimental design technique and the statistical analysis of the results were realized and the effects of independent variables coating suspension flow rate (Ws) and fluidization air flow rate (War) on the responses coating efficiency (?), particle relative growth (?), losses by elutriation (PE) and germination (G) were evaluated. The optimal operational point was determined as function of the entrance variables applying the concept of global desirability. Results showed that Ws and War, within the range studied, had significant influence on the responses considered. Among the conditions established in this work, the optimal value of the Desirability Function is obtained when Ws is displaced to the average level (6,4 mL/min) and War to the minimum (0.89 kg/s), resulting in: 45.1% for ?, 26.7% for ?, 82.4% for G and 46.5% for PE. Experimental data on the sorption isotherms of jambu seeds were used to determine thermodynamic functions at 20, 30 and 40oC. Six mathematical models were applied to analyze the experimental data. The modified GAB model showed the best fitting to the experimental data. The desorption and adsorption isosteric heat and differential entropy were determined by applying Clausius-Clapeyron and Gibbs-Helmholtz equation, respectively. The moisture vaporization heat in jambu seeds decreased with increase in moisture content and approached the latent heat of pure water and became asymptotic as moisture content of 10% (b.d) was approached. The enthalpy-entropy compensation theory was applied to the isotherms, indicating that they are enthalpy-controlled. In addition, analysis of the hygroscopic behavior of the coated seeds showed a clear protective coating on the seeds of jambu, and indicated that the coated seeds adsorbed less moisture than jambu seeds in natura, showing that the coating layer acts as a barrier to the transfer of water vapor between the seeds and the external environment, thus controlling the process of moisture adsorption and promoting the safe handling and storage / Doutorado / Engenharia de Processos / Doutor em Engenharia Química

A planta brasileira Copaifera sp. é uma árvore cujo óleo é tradicionalmente utilizado pela população principalmente como antiinflamatório, analgésico e relaxante muscular justificando o grande interesse científico em seu estudo. Entretanto, estudos tecnológicos, fitoquímicos e biológicos sobre suas folhas são escassos. Assim, este trabalho propôs estudar e otimizar o processo extrativo a partir das folhas de Copaifera langsdorffii Desf., além de determinar as melhores condições de secagem em spray dryer, já que formas farmacêuticas sólidas são mais interessantes do ponto de vista mercadológico e farmacotécnico e ambas as estapas são fundamentais para o desenvolvimento de um futuro medicamento fitoterápico. As condições ótimas de extração e secagem em spray dryer foram obtidas através de diversos planejamentos experimentais como o planejamento Box-Behnken, a inclinação ascendente e a função desejabilidade. Para obtenção do extrato líquido através do processo de maceração dinâmica, objetivou-se maximizar as seguintes respostas: teor de sólidos solúveis e flavonóides totais e dos marcadores químicos, quercetrina e afzelina. As condições ótimas de extração encontradas foram: massa de planta de 41 g, proporção etanol/ água de 79°GL, tempo de extração de 1 h, temperatura de extração de 25°C e velocidade de agitação de 600 rpm. No estudo do processo de secagem em spray dryer, foi realizado inicialmente um teste preliminar onde oito diferentes excipientes disponíveis foram estudados quanto às caracterísitcas físico-químicas entre elas fluidez, compactação e degradação dos marcadores químicos. As condições do equipamento foram: bico atomizador duplo fluido pneumático com orifício de abertura de 1,2 mm que operou com vazão de ar de 40 L/min e pressão de 5,0 bar; vazão do gás de secagem de 0,6 m3/min; temperatura de saída (Ts) de 80°C e fluxo da amostra (Ws) de 5,0 g/min. A proporção sólidos do extrato líquido de C. langsdoffii: excipiente foi de 3:1. Entre os excipientes estudados, o manitol foi o que forneceu o extrato seco de C. langsdorffii com melhores características físicas e físico-químicas e, por isso foi utilizado no estudo seguinte, o planejamento Box-Behnken cujas variáveis estudadas foram concentração da amostra (Cs), fluxo da amostra (Ws) e temperatura de saída (Ts). Foram avaliadas nove respostas das quais: densidade compactada, ângulo de repouso, índice de Carr, umidade absorvida, rendimento, eficiência de secagem, degradação de flavonóides totais, quercetrina e afzelina. Para obter a condição de secagem em que as nove respostas apresentassem valores satisfatórios, utilizou-se a função desejabilidade. Assim, as condições de secagem para se obter o extrato seco de C. langsdorffii com boas características foram: concentração da amostra de 20,7% m/m, fluxo da amostra de 5 g/min e temperatura de saída de 80°C. Como resultado final deste trabalho, obteve-se um extrato líquido de C. langsdorffii otimizado com teores máximos de sólidos solúveis e dos marcadores químicos e um extrato seco com propriedades físicas, físico-químicas e farmacotécnicas adequadas para a obtenção de formas farmacêuticas sólidas. / The Brazilian plant Copaifera sp. is a tree the oil of which is widely used in popular medicine as an anti-inflammatory, analgesic and muscle relaxant, consequently it is the subject of huge scientific interest. However, technological, phytochemical and biological studies regarding its leaves are rare. Thus, this work aimed to study and optimize the extraction process from Copaifera langsdorffii Desf. leaves, as well as to determine the best conditions for the spray drying process, since pharmaceutical solid forms are more marketable and of pharmacotechnical interests, with both steps being fundamental to the development of a future phytomedicine. The best extraction and spray drying conditions were guided by several experimental designs such as the Box-Behnken, the steepest ascent and the desirability function. From liquid extract achievement through dynamic maceration, the purpose was to maximize the following responses: soluble solids and total flavonoids contents and the chemical markers, quercetrin and afzelin contents. The best extraction conditions found were: plant mass of 41 g, ethanol/water proportion of 79°GL, extraction time of 1 h, extraction temperature of 25°C and stirring speed of 600 rpm. In the spray drying study, a preliminary test was accomplished, where eight different excipients were studied with regard to the physicochemical features such as flowability, compaction and chemical marker degradation. The equipment conditions were: a two-fluid pneumatic spray nozzle with an inlet orifice diameter of 1.2 mm that operated on 40 L/min air rate and 5 bar pressure; 0.6 m3/min drying air rate; 80°C outlet temperature (Ts) and 5.0 g/min sample feed rate (Ws). The proportion of C. langsdorffii liquid extract solids content: excipient was 3:1. Among the excipients studied, mannitol provided the best physicochemical feature for C. langsdorffii dried extract, therefore it was used in the following test, the Box-Behnken design, where the studied variables were sample concentration (Cs), sample feed rate (Ws) and outlet temperature (Ts). Nine responses were evaluated: tapped density, angle of repose, Carr index, humidity absorption, yield, drying efficiency, total flavonoids and quercetrin and afzelin degradation. To obtain the drying conditions where the nine responses presented satisfactory values, the desirability function was used. Thus, the drying conditions to obtain a dried extract with good physicochemical features were: sample concentration of 20.7% w/w, sample feed rate of 5.0 g/min and outlet temperature of 80°C. As a final result of this work, an optimized C. langsdorffii liquid extract presenting maximum soluble solids and chemical markers contents and a dried extract presenting the appropriate physical, physicochemical and pharmacotechnical properties to produce pharmaceutical solid forms were obtained.

Organizational contexts use Situational judgment tests (SJTs) to assess and select individuals for competitive positions. As with other standardized assessments, threats to validity must be identified, examined, and communicated. As such, this research aims to identify the effects of socially desirable responding on the validity of an SJT used in a competitive selection process, and to identify if response latency provides insight into the identification of socially desirable responding. Participants in a competitive organizational selection process were administered an online assessment and the Balanced Inventory of Desirable Responding (BIDR). No significant correlations were identified between social desirability and the online assessment; however, this research provides evidence to suggest that participants who had shorter response latencies were less likely to participate in social desirability responding.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-01-07T09:30:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 candiceellenbarbalholage.pdf: 839978 bytes, checksum: 740d74c7e3179d79a8f11d04cdc8f571 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-01-25T16:40:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 candiceellenbarbalholage.pdf: 839978 bytes, checksum: 740d74c7e3179d79a8f11d04cdc8f571 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-01-25T16:41:04Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 candiceellenbarbalholage.pdf: 839978 bytes, checksum: 740d74c7e3179d79a8f11d04cdc8f571 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-25T16:41:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 candiceellenbarbalholage.pdf: 839978 bytes, checksum: 740d74c7e3179d79a8f11d04cdc8f571 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-11 / A história da Enfermagem é permeada por imagens estereotipadas, preconceituosas, percepções distorcidas e errôneas que se perpetuam até os dias de hoje. A profissão ainda encontra dificuldades em ser reconhecida como uma ciência, que desenvolve suas ações fundamentadas em conhecimento técnico, relacional e científico. Nessa perspectiva, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi compreender as percepções dos enfermeiros atuantes na Atenção Primária à Saúde de Juiz de Fora - MG, acerca do reconhecimento e valorização da sua profissão. Utilizei como metodologia a pesquisa qualitativa do tipo descritiva, obtive as informações por meio de uma entrevista semiestruturada e analisei os dados por meio da análise de conteúdo. Os resultados encontrados foram organizados por mim em quatro categorias, as quais revelam as representações dos enfermeiros acerca do reconhecimento e valorização da sua profissão, os fatores que contribuem para essas representações, os significados e implicações da representação da Enfermagem para o enfermeiro e as possíveis saídas que podem ajudar a transformar de forma positiva o cenário em voga. Os resultados desse estudo revelaram que tais desafios são antigos e que ao longo do tempo as mudanças ocorridas ainda são lentas para se chegar ao seu ideário. / The history of nursing is permeated by stereotyped images, prejudiced, distorted and erroneous perceptions that are perpetuated until today. The occupation still finds their difficulties for being recognized as a science, even devoloping their activities based on technical, relational and scientific knowledge. From this perspective, the objective of this research was to understand the perceptions of nurses working in Primary Health Care of Juiz de Fora-MG about the recognition and appreciation of their occupation. Descriptive qualitative research methodology was used and the information was obtained by a semi-structured interview. The research was previously approved by the CEP / UFJF, and the answers were studied by content analysis. Four categories were used to organize the answers, which revealed representations of nurses about the acknowledgement and appreciation of their profession; the factors that contributed for these representations; the meanings and implications of the importance of Nursing for nurses; and possible solutions that could help transform positively the scenary in question. It was revealed that these challenges are old and the changes that have been happening over the years are still too slow to reach the ideal scenary.

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Dark game design patterns are features used by game creators to manipulate the player to make certain choices. These patterns can lead to unintentional player actions causing negative experiences. In this descriptive user experience study, focused on the mobile game Candy Crush Saga, the dark patterns’ effect on desirability (whether something is fun and engaging) and the players’ decision to quit or continue to be a player due to the patterns were investigated. An online survey, where the participants were asked about their feelings towards five different dark patterns identified within Candy Crush Saga, was conducted and distributed by using Google Forms and Facebook. The survey received 60 responses from current and previous players of the game. The sample was not controlled and rather homogeneous, therefore it was not necessarily representative of the entire Candy Crush Saga audience. The analysis of the gathered data indicated correlation between the use of certain types of dark patterns and decreased desirability. Some variation could be detected between the effects of different dark patterns. Similarly, certain patterns had a stronger impact on the players’ decision to quit being a player and other patterns on the choice to continue. Four out of the five patterns studied were indicated as both a reason to quit for some and a reason to continue for others.  The results offer insight to game developers and businesses about the previously insufficiently studied connection between the dark game design patterns and their direct effects to the users’ perceived experience. It is apparent that a decrease in the use of certain dark patterns would contribute to  a more positive playing experience.

This study explores the role of universities as well as their strategies and extent to which entrepreneurship education is fostered in terms of policy frameworks, the curriculum and stakeholders‟ perceptions of entrepreneurship education. The study was guided by the question: “How do universities in Tanzania foster entrepreneurship education in different fields of study?” Shapero‟s entrepreneurial event model has been adapted to analyze the feasibility and desirability of entrepreneurship education in a university-wide curriculum. This is a case study of two public universities in Tanzania: the University of Dar es Salaam and Mzumbe University. In-depth interviews were conducted with lecturers across disciplines at the selected universities. Some officials from relevant government ministries and agencies were also interviewed. In addition to the interviews, relevant documents from the universities and government were also reviewed. An analysis of the data indicates that entrepreneurship education is not well-integrated within the university-wide curricula because its implementation does not suit the pedagogical needs of some disciplines. Its desirability and feasibility is still debatable because of various factors such as ; the incoherence between national and university policy strategies; complexity of university multidisciplinary structures; variations in stakeholders‟ perceptions; the business-oriented view of entrepreneurship education reflected in the literature and the evolution of the selected universities. However, the role of donor support for the current status of entrepreneurship education is significant by virtue of projects that are attached to some faculties and schools. Through these projects, entrepreneurship-related courses, programmes, centres and staff capacity development have been established. This study recommends that entrepreneurship education should be tailored to enhance the skills necessary for all forms of employment. This should go hand-in-hand with the establishment of boundary crossings between academia and emerging labour market. Donor-oriented projects should be well-negotiated between partners so that entrepreneurship education initiatives are tailored to suit the local context. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / gm2014 / Education Management and Policy Studies / unrestricted

The thesis addresses response consistency in questionaries, the concept of integrity and use of integrity tests. Next chapter deals with consistency and describes possible sources of response variability and scales which is used for consistency measurement. The third chapter addresses response distortion and methods of its measurement. Last part describes cognitive functions which could affect answering a questionary and introduces a relation between psychopathological symptoms and questionary responses. The empirical part of the thesis studies response consistency in each category and relation between integrity test in work environment, consistency and demographic data of respondents. Difference between a number of identical answers about social desirability and about neutral information showed statistical significance. Therefore, hypotheses about the highest consistency in neutral information was supported. The thesis also revealed that a higher score in interference relates to a higher score of consistency. Finally, two correlations were found out. First was a positive correlation between integrity and number of years respondents have worked, second was a negative correlation between interference and age. Keywords: integrity, social desirability, consistency, validity, counterproductive behaviour

The problem of this study was to determine the relationship of teacher and peer preferences of selected fifth grade students to socio-economic level as measured by the occupation of the head of the household, academic standing as computed from the marks assigned by the teacher, achievement test score results, intelligence test scores, and the sex of the child.

Social desirability refers to the need for social approval or acceptance (Toh, Lee, & Hu, 2006). This need results in the oft-observed human tendency to present oneself in the best possible light (Fisher, 1993), a tendency that may entail research participants giving or selecting the responses that they perceive to be most socially acceptable when completing self-report questionnaires. Whether the product of self-deception or deliberate impression management (Toh et al., 2006), the failure of participants to respond truthfully or accurately when completing self-reports can distort research results (Fisher, 1993; Schriesheim, 1979; Toh et al., 2006) and cast doubt on the validity of findings. This workshop will familiarize attendees with information on the causes of social desirability bias and simple techniques to assess and control social desirability bias in survey research.