Submitted by FABRÍCIO MACIEL GOMES null (fabricio@dequi.eel.usp.br) on 2016-01-04T00:06:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_Fabricio_Maciel_Gomes.pdf: 1836829 bytes, checksum: 3ec7860a9d87ebfeaef21b25dc157d25 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Juliano Benedito Ferreira (julianoferreira@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-01-06T16:12:19Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 gomes_fm_dr_guara.pdf: 1836829 bytes, checksum: 3ec7860a9d87ebfeaef21b25dc157d25 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-06T16:12:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 gomes_fm_dr_guara.pdf: 1836829 bytes, checksum: 3ec7860a9d87ebfeaef21b25dc157d25 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-15 / Empresas não medem esforços para aperfeiçoar seus processos e produtos de acordo com diferentes critérios para satisfazer as exigências e necessidades dos clientes em busca de um padrão de competitividade superior ao de suas concorrentes. Neste cenário é muito comum a necessidade de se estabelecer condições que resultem na melhoria de mais de um critério de forma simultânea. Neste trabalho foi realizada uma avaliação da utilização de quatro métodos que utilizam as Meta-heurísticas Recozimento Simulado, Algoritmo Genético, Recozimento Simulado combinado com o método Nelder Mead Simplex e algoritmo genético combinado com o método Nelde-Mead simplex para o estabelecimento de melhoria das condições de processos com múltiplas respostas. Para a avaliação dos métodos propostos foram utilizados problemas-teste criteriosamente selecionados na literatura de forma a serem analisados casos com diferente número de variáveis, número de respostas e tipos de resposta. A aglutinação das respostas foi realizada por quatro métodos diferentes: Desirability, Desvio Médio Percentual, Programação por Compromisso e Programação por Compromisso normalizada pela distância euclidiana. A avaliação dos métodos foi realizada por meio de comparação entre os resultados obtidos na utilização de um mesmo método de aglutinação, determinando assim a eficiência do método de busca. Os resultados obtidos na avaliação dos métodos sugerem a aplicação do método do algoritmo genético quando se pretende estabelecer parâmetros que resultem na melhoria de processos com múltiplas respostas, em particular quando essas respostas são modeladas por equações com termos cúbicos, independentemente do número de termos que possam conter, do tipo de respostas e do número de variáveis. / Companies go to great lengths to improve its processes and products according to different criteria to meet the demands and needs of customers looking for a higher standard of competitiveness to that of their competitors. This scenario is very common the need to establish conditions that result in the improvement of more than one criterion simultaneously. This work was carried out an evaluation of the use of four methods that use Metaheuristics Simulated Annealing, Genetic Algorithms, Simulated Annealing combined with the Nelder Mead Simplex method and genetic algorithm combined with Nelde Mead simplex method for the improvement of establishing the conditions of processes with multiple answers. For the evaluation of the proposed test methods were used in the literature problems carefully selected in order to be analyzed cases with different numbers of variables, response numbers and types of responses. In this research we used the average percentage deviation function as a way to bring together the answers. The agglutination of the answers was performed by four different methods: Desirability, Average Percentage Deviation, Compromise Programming and Compromise Programming normalized by Euclidean distance. The evaluation method was performed by comparison between the results obtained in using the same bonding method, thereby determining the efficiency of the search method. The results obtained in the evaluation of the methods suggest the application of the genetic algorithm method when you want to set parameters that result in the improvement of processes with multiple answers, particularly when these responses are modeled by equations with cubic terms, regardless of the number of terms that can contain the type of responses and the number of variables.

Psychological assessment relies on accurate and forthright reporting to determine valid clinical presentations. However, it has long been recognized that examinees may be motivated to present a "better picture" through Positive Impression Management (PIM). Within the PIM domain, two distinct motivations (i.e., defensiveness and social desirability) emerge that have not been clearly differentiated in empirical literature. This thesis addressed the research gap for detecting PIM distortion of personality pathology, utilizing the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5). In this investigation, 106 psychiatric inpatients were recruited from the adult Co-Occurring Disorders and Trauma Programs at University Behavioral Health. Using a mixed within- and between-subjects design, participants engaged in simulation via scenarios to be considered for a highly valued rehabilitation program (defensiveness) or employment (social desirability). As expected, inpatients showed elevated levels of problematic personality traits when reporting genuinely, but suppressed them under PIM conditions. These findings highlight that the PID-5, like all multiscale inventories, is highly vulnerable to intentional PIM distortion. Interestingly, respondents in the social desirability condition generally engaged in more total denial than those in the defensiveness condition. Empirically- and theoretically-based validity scales were developed to identify simulators and differentiate between conditions. Besides PIM, higher levels of experienced stigma were associated with more personality pathology, particularly the domain of Detachment. In addition, ancillary analyses showed strong convergence of the PID-5 with its hierarchical trait model to the DSM-IV categorical model. Continued research to detect PIM distortion, and more importantly to differentiate between PIM motivations, is essential for accurate clinical assessment of personality disorder traits and effective treatment planning.

S'inscrivant dans la conception évaluative du jugement social (Beauvois et Dubois, 2009), cette thèse a pour objectif de montrer que les deux dimensions du jugement personnologique (utilité et désirabilité sociales) correspondent à deux modes de connaissance évaluative très généraux intervenant dans le jugement de tout objetsocial. De façon plus précise, on se propose de montrer que ces deux modes de connaissance peuvent 1. être induits à partir de pratiques évaluatives faites tantôt sur des personnes, tantôt sur des objets, et 2. être ensuite généralisés à la description d'objets (après induction sur des personnes) ou de personnes (après induction sur des objets).Deux recherches montrent que les adjectifs évaluatifs courants et propres à la description des objets de consommation sont, comme attendu, massivement structurés par deux dimensions analogues à la désirabilité et à l'utilité sociales (respectivement l'agréabilité et la valeur marchande des objets). Six autres expérimentations, destinées à tester la généralisation des deux modes de connaissance évaluative montrent globalement, commeattendu, qu'il est possible d'induire un mode de connaissance évaluative, surtout celui en lien avec l'utilité sociale, et un mode de connaissance descriptive et que le mode de connaissance induit peut effectivement être généralisé à la connaissance d'un autre registre d'objets (du registre des personnes à celui des objets vs du registre des objets à celui des personnes).Nos résultats suggèrent donc que la désirabilité sociale et l'utilité sociale semblent bien fonctionner comme deux modes de connaissance évaluative généraux tant des personnes que des objets de consommation. Ils confirment aussi que la mobilisation de ces deux dimensions relève bien des pratiques sociales d'évaluation et non de la réalité psychologique des personnes. Les apports théoriques à la conception évaluative, les perspectives de recherches, ainsi qu'une application potentielle à la psychologie du consommateur, sont discutées. / Following evaluative framework of social judgment (Beauvois and Dubois, 2009), this thesis aims at showing that the two dimensions of persons judgment (the so called : "social utility" and "social desirability") correspond to two evaluative knowledge's modes that can be applied to common objects judgment. More precisely, we propose to demonstrate that these two evaluative modes can be 1. induced from evaluativepractices made either into the person register, or into the object register, and 2. then generalized to objects descriptions (following induction into person register) or to persons descriptions (following induction into object register).Two researches started with showing that current and evaluative adjectives that are suitable for objects description are massively structured by two dimensions similar to social desirability and social utility (respectively "agreeableness" and "market value"). Six other experiments intended to test the generalization of the two evaluative modes. As predicted, results showed that it is possible to induce the two evaluative knowledgemodes, especially that which pertains to persons social utility and market value, and another descriptive knowledge mode, and that these induced modes can be generalized from persons to objects and conversely from objects to persons.Thus, these findings suggest that the social desirability and the social utility traits dimensions function like two general modes of evaluative knowledge that can be applied to any social object. They also confirm that the mobilization of these two modes is not a consequence of psychological realism, but result of evaluative social practices. Theoretical implications for the evaluative framework as well as directions for future work and apotential application for consumer psychology are discussed.

L'objectif de cette thèse était de montrer que les autodescriptions dans les inventaires de personnalité expriment la connaissance que les individus ont de valeur sociale qu'il convient d'exprimer selon les contextes de passation. Nous nous sommes principalement appuyés sur la littérature relative au jugement social, qui définit la valeur sociale à partir de deux dimensions fondamentales : la désirabilité sociale et l'utilité sociale. La première, la désirabilité sociale, exprime la réputation des personnes à susciter des affects positifs dans les relations sociales. La seconde, l'utilité sociale, exprime la réputation à performer dans un système social. Dans ce cadre, nous avons examiné l'hypothèse générale selon laquelle les réponses données à un inventaire de personnalité reposent davantage sur la valeur d'utilité et/ou de désirabilité des items (information évaluative) que sur les facteurs de personnalité qu'ils sont censés mesurer (information descriptive). Nous avons d'abord montré que les individus attribuent plus ou moins de désirabilité et d'utilité sociale aux différents items des inventaires de personnalité. Nous avons ensuite mis en évidence que la prise en compte de cette information évaluative permet aux répondants de mieux faire correspondre leurs réponses aux prescriptions sociales (explicites ou implicites). Dans un troisième ensemble d'études, nous avons étudié le rôle des informations descriptives et des informations évaluatives dans les inférences de performance professionnelle. Les données ont mis en évidence que les individus utilisent davantage l'information évaluative lorsqu'ils doivent pronostiquer la performance professionnelle. Enfin, les deux dernières études montrent que les facteurs de personnalité prédisent la performance essentiellement à travers les items dont la valeur sociale est congruente avec la valeur mobilisée par le critère de performance (sélection, relations sociales). Pris ensemble, nos résultats soutiennent notre hypothèse générale et indiquent que les individus expriment une connaissance intuitive de leur valeur sociale dans les inventaires. / Our aim was to show that self-description in personality inventories communicate individuals' self-knowledge about their social value. Following social judgment framework, social value is defined around two fundamental dimensions: social desirability and social utility. The former refers to the individuals' reputation to elicit positive affects in interpersonal relations. The latter refers to the individuals' reputation to perform in social systems. We postulated that self-description in personality inventories rely more on the social utility and social desirability of the items (evaluative information) than on the personality factors they are supposed to measure (descriptive information). We first showed that personality items could cover more or less social desirability or social utility. Then, we showed that these two components serve the malleability of self-descriptions according to explicit or implicit social exigencies. In a third set of studies, we studied the role of descriptive and evaluative information on performance inferences. Results showed the primacy of evaluative over descriptive information for professional performance inferences. Finally, the last two studies show that personality factors predict performance primarily through the items whose social value is congruent with the value mobilized by the performance criterion (selection, social relations). Taken together, the results support our hypothesis and indicate that individuals express an intuitive knowledge of their social value in personality inventories.

This thesis develops an integrated methodology based on the desirability index and QSAR models to virtually optimise molecules. Statistical and algorithmic tools are proposed to search in huge collections of compounds obtained by combinatorial chemistry the most promising ones. First, once the drugability properties of interest have been precisely defined, QSAR models are developed to mimic the relationship between those optimised properties and chemical descriptors of molecules. The literature on QSAR models is reviewed and the statistical tools to validate the models, analyse their fit and their predictive power are detailed. Even if a QSAR model has been validated and sounds highly predictive, we emphasise the importance of measuring extrapolation by the definition of its applicability domain and quantifying the prediction error for a given molecule. Indeed, QSAR models are often massively applied to predict drugability properties for libraries of new compounds without taking care of the reliability of each individual prediction. Then, a desirability index measures the compromise between the multiple estimated drugability properties and allows to rank the molecules in the combinatorial library in preference order. The propagation of the models prediction error on the desirability index is quantified by a confidence interval that can be constructed under general conditions for linear regression, PLS regression or regression tree models. This fulfills an important lack of the desirability index literature that considers it as exact. Finally, a new efficient algorithm (WEALD) is proposed to virtually screen the combinatorial library and retain the molecule with the highest desirability indexes. For each explored molecule, it is checked if it belongs to the applicability domain of each QSAR models. In addition, the uncertainty of the desirability index of each explored molecule is taken into account by gathering molecules that can not be distinguished from the optimal one due to the propagation of QSAR models prediction error. Those molecules do not have a significantly smaller desirability than the optimal molecule found by WEALD. This constitutes another important improvement in the use of desirability index as a tool to compare solutions in a multicriteria optimisation problem. This integrated methodology has been developed in the context of lead optimisation and is illustrated on a real combinatorial library provided by Eli Lilly and Company. This is the main application of the thesis. Nevertheless, as the results on desirability index uncertainty are applicable under general conditions, they can be applied to any multicriteria optimisation problem, like it often occurs in industry.

The objective of this work to evaluate unique silages maniçoba leaves, according to their respective levels of desirability, obtained from químicobromatológicas and microbiological analyses. The variables analyzed were: dry matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fibre, lignin, gray, soluble carbohydrates, pH, tamponante, epiphytic microflora capacity and aerobic stability. It was used a completely randomized design, considering how fixed the parameters emurchecimento (0 and 6 hours) and storage (15, 45 and 90 days), which totaled six treatments quadrupled, analyzed as the procedure for generalized linear models and optimized numerically as the current literature. In all the variables, emurchecimento and or the shelf showed significant differences. Obtained silage aerobic stability ranging from 48 to 240 hours. Silages of emurchecidas branches were those of better quality showing optimum values of 87.77 and 82.33 store days, respectively; well as desirability index equal to 1.00. / Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Alagoas / Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar silagens exclusivas de folhas de maniçoba, de acordo com seus respectivos índices de desejabilidade, obtidos a partir de análises químicobromatológicas e microbiológicas. As variáveis analisadas foram: matéria seca, proteína bruta, fibra em detergente neutro, fibra em detergente ácido, lignina, cinza, carboidratos solúveis, pH, capacidade tamponante, microflora epífita e estabilidade aeróbica. Utilizou-se um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, considerando-se como parâmetros fixos o emurchecimento (0 e 6 horas) e o armazenamento (15, 45 e 90 dias), o que totalizou seis tratamentos quadruplicados, analisados conforme o procedimento para modelos lineares generalizados e otimizados numericamente conforme a literatura atual. Em todas as variáveis, o emurchecimento e ou o tempo de conservação apresentaram diferenças significativas. Obteve-se silagens com estabilidade aeróbica variando de 48 a 240 horas. As silagens de ramas emurchecidas foram as de melhor qualidade apresentando valores ótimos de armazenamento de 87,77 e 82,33 dias, respectivamente; bem como índices de desejabilidade iguais a 1,00.

Submitted by Juliana Laiate (jlaiatetana@gmail.com) on 2018-10-04T19:13:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Juliana Laiate_Tese Doutorado_Correção Biblioteca_Versão Final.pdf: 5872852 bytes, checksum: c627770397e856b9d9aba7d0f399f835 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Pamella Benevides Gonçalves null (pamella@feg.unesp.br) on 2018-10-05T13:30:56Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 laiate_j_dr_guara.pdf: 5872852 bytes, checksum: c627770397e856b9d9aba7d0f399f835 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-05T13:30:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 laiate_j_dr_guara.pdf: 5872852 bytes, checksum: c627770397e856b9d9aba7d0f399f835 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-08-31 / Outra / O interesse na diversificação da matriz energética por meio de fontes de energias renováveis tem promovido mudanças no âmbito nacional e internacional, em setores acadêmicos, industriais, sociais e governamentais com foco no desenvolvimento de processos biotecnológicos baseados nos três pilares da sustentabilidade: ambiental, social e econômico. Frente a esse contexto, as microalgas são consideradas uma fonte promissora alternativa para a produção de biocombustíveis por apresentarem alta taxa de crescimento e de concentração de lipídeos. O presente trabalho realizou um estudo do processo de cultivo da microalga marinha Chlorella minutíssima por meio da ferramenta DOE – Design of Experiments para maximização da sua concentração microalgal e do teor lipídico simultaneamente, além de sua caracterização termoquímica para aplicação no processo de gaseificação. O cultivo ocorreu em fotobiorreator tubular descontínuo do tipo coluna de bolhas seguindo o arranjo ortogonal L8 de Taguchi, e as variáveis de processo foram fluxo de CO2 na alimentação, concentração de nitrato, concentração de fosfato, suplementação, temperatura e salinidade. A investigação demonstrou que a concentração de nitrato e fosfato, o fluxo de gás carbônico, a suplementação do meio e a temperatura são fatores influentes na concentração microalgal e no teor lipídico, sendo a melhor configuração para maximização conjunta, utilizando-se a função desirability, com o nitrato operando em nível alto e os demais fatores em nível baixo. A análise elementar forneceu teores condizentes com alguns relatos da literatura, a termogravimetria auxiliou na identificação das faixas de temperatura com maior taxa de decomposição (300 °C a 400 °C), e o poder calorífico superior da biomassa encontrado se demonstrou atrativo para a produção de syngas quando comparado ao de materiais como casca de arroz e lascas de eucalipto já empregados na gaseificação em maior escala. Dessa forma, a metodologia empregada e os resultados apresentados neste trabalho podem auxiliar na busca da viabilização econômica do cultivo, em grande escala, da microalga marinha Chlorella minutíssima para produção de biocombustível pelo processo de gaseificação. / The interest in diversifying the energy matrix through renewable energy sources has promoted changes at the national and international levels in academic, industrial, social and governmental sectors, focused on the development of biotechnological processes based on the three pillars of sustainability: environmental, social and economic. In this context, microalgae are considered a strong promising alternative source for the production of biofuels due to their high rate of growth and lipid concentration. The present work carried out a study of the cultivation process of the marine microalgae Chlorella minutíssima using DOE – Design of Experiments to maximize the cell growth and the lipid content simultaneously, besides its thermochemical characterization for application in the gasification process. Cultivation occurred in a discontinuous-tubular photobioreactor, bubble-column type, following Taguchi L8 Orthogonal Array design, and the process variables were: CO2 feed flow rate, nitrate concentration, phosphate concentration, supplementation (metals and vitamins), temperature and salinity. Results showed that the nitrate and phosphate concentration, CO2 feed flow, supplements and temperature are influential factors in the cell growth and lipid content, and the best configuration presenting good results for simultaneous maximization, using desirability, was nitrate operating at high level and the other factors at low level. Ultimate analysis provided levels consistent with some reports in the literature. Thermogravimetric analysis identified the temperature ranges with the highest decomposition rate (300 °C to 400 °C). The higher heating value of the biomass found was attractive for the production of syngas when compared to raw materials such as rice husk and eucalyptus chips already used in the larger scale gasification. In face of, the methodology employed and the results presented in this work can be useful in seeking economic feasibility of the large-scale cultivation of Chlorella minutíssima for the production of biofuels by the gasification process. / PRH48 - ANP

Faking in applications was found to be an important issue in which social desirability plays a relevant role. The present study brings Social Desirability Responding, Honesty-Humility, and different stakes of situations into relation. Social Desirability Responding, i.e. Communion Management and Self-Deceptive Enhancement, operationalized by the Balanced Inventory of Desirable Responding (BIDR) and Honesty-Humility (HEXACO-60) are analysed regarding their relationships and differences in and between high-stake, low-stake, and high-stake-low-framed situations. Relationships between Honesty-Humility and Communion Management were significantly positive, while no relationship between Honesty-Humility and Self-Deceptive Enhancement was found. There were also no significant differences in the constructs across situations. It was further investigated whether individuals scoring low in Honesty-Humility show different responding behaviour dependent on situational frames compared to individuals scoring high in Honesty-Humility. No significant differences were found. Results imply that Social Desirable Responding scales do not measure what they intent to, hence further research is needed. The tested high-stake-low-framed situational instruction did not significantly reduce faking. However, exploring the option of framing application situations is recommended for organizations. Further, the problematic nature of measuring Social Desirability Responding is considered.

This thesis deals with two constructs - social desirability and integrity. The main aim of this thesis is to create an interview which will allow to distinguish people by their level of integrity and their tendency to respond in a socially desirable manner. The interview can serve as a face-to-face variant of questionnaire methods. Theoretical foundations of both social desirability as well as integrity are presented in the theoretical part of the thesis. Complexity of both constructs is considered. Therefore, approaches of various authors are presented. Methods for assessing socially desirable responding in self- reports as well as integrity are also presented as part of the theoretical section of this thesis. The effects of social desirability on integrity assessment is discussed, as well. In the empirical part of the thesis the development of the semi-structured interview is described. The interview was developed based on original Czech test battery focusing on personal integrity at the workplace. Specifically, questionnaire Integrita v pracovním a běžném životě alongside with questionnaire assessing social desirability was used. The semi-structured interview contains a total of eight questions. Each question includes short story, and the respondent is asked to judge his / her behavior in this...

Language barriers in eyewitness testimonies may pose threats toward witnesses’ accuracy, and consequently on the outcome of judicial procedures. The present study aims to investigate the credibility and the extent of reported detail information of eyewitnesses’ testimony of a crime event, when the testimony is given in witnesses’ first language, second language, or second language through interpreter. Moreover, the study examines whether eyewitness suggestibility is affected by the language to which the testimony is provided. Participants (N=60) were exposed to a mock crime event and subsequently performed memory tests about that event. Results showed no differences in accuracy of suggestibility between experimental conditions. The personality trait social desirability showed no relation to suggestibility or the extent of inaccurate detail information provided in the present study. The findings are discussed in the context of implications, limitations and future directions.