Esta dissertação trata da expansão agrícola cafeeira pós 1930, tendo como área de estudos o norte do Paraná. Expansão apreendida por Pierre Monbeig como franja pioneira paulista e cujo norte do Paraná é um momento constituinte deste processo, se configurando na mesma região ou então possuindo o mesmo processo formativo. A exposição é dividida em quatro capítulos. No primeiro, discutimos a abordagem geográfica contemporânea ao processo de expansão agrícola verificado pós 1930, que tinha como motivo norteador das pesquisas a análise sobre o processo de povoamento, também aprendido como conquista do solo. No segundo, analisamos um projeto de desenvolvimento nacional proposto pela Comissão Mista Brasil Estados Unidos realizado por volta de 1950, que se constitui no estudo mais global da economia brasileira realizado até então. A análise deste projeto, além de permitir uma discussão sobre seus significados enquanto plano de modernização nacional, permitiu uma exposição do quadro econômico brasileiro entre os anos 1930 e 1950. O terceiro capítulo procura relacionar os dois momentos anteriores da dissertação. O eixo principal da argumentação será a discussão sobre o que se estabelece como formação do mercado de terras. No quarto e último capítulo, nos debruçamos sobre a análise de uma amostra de, aproximadamente, 200 autos criminais da comarca de Londrina. Da análise destes documentos, resultou a apreensão da violência como imanência da reprodução social da franja pioneira. A leitura da obra principal de Pachukanis, Teoria geral do direito e marxismo, permitiu que observássemos um importante vínculo da violência como forma de ser do direito e este como mediação necessária de uma sociabilidade formada por indivíduos produtores de mercadorias e que, portanto, devem se relacionar como proprietários de mercadorias. Assim, a forma negativa em que se expressa o direito, isto é, pela violência, e não pela efetivação da troca de mercadorias em comum acordo, permitiu que apreendêssemos a violência como manifestação da forma negativa da expansão do capital posta como franja pioneira paulista, cujo principal elemento a ser observado é uma presença-ausência do dinheiro definindo o povoamento no norte do Paraná, de modo que a violência imanente ao capital se explicitou como acerto de contas sangrento. / This dissertation deals with agricultural expansion in coffee after 1930, with the study area which constitutes as northern Paraná. Expansion comprehended by Pierre Monbeig as Paulista fringe pioneer whose northern Paraná, for this author, is constituent moment of this process,setting up in the same region or else belonging to the same formative process.The exposition is divided into four chapters. First, I discuss the contemporary geographical approach to the agriculturalexpansion process occurred in 1930 after whose leitmotiv of the researches was the analysis of the process of settlement, also apprehended as conquer the land. In the second is analyzed a national development project proposed by Brazil -United States Joint Commission to the Economic Development (Comissão Mista Brasil Estados Unidos para o Desenvolvimento Econômico CMBEU-DE) conducted around 1950, which constitutes the most comprehensive study of brazilian economy performed so far. The analysis of this project beyond to allow a discussion of their meaning as national modernization plan, also allowed an exhibition of brazilian economy framework between the years 1930-50. The third chapter a looks for relates the two previous moment of the dissertation. The main axis of the argumentation will be the discussion about what establishes itself as formation of land market. In the fourth and final chapter we concentrate the analysis of a sample of approximately 200 records of criminal district court of Londrina. From the analysis of these documents resulted the apprehension of violence as immanence of social reproduction pioneer fringe. The reading of the Pashukanis main work, General Theory of Law and Marxism, allowed us to observe an important bond of violence as the Laws form of being, and not by the effectuation of the exchange of goodies by mutual agreement. This allowed us to aprehend the violence as negative form ofmanifestation of the capital expansion, as paulista fringe pioneer, whose main element to be observed is a moneypresence- absent defined as human settlement in North Paraná. So that, the immanent violence to the capital showed itself as a bloody mutual agreement.

Este trabalho analisa as principais questões referentes à modernização do território brasileiro no início do século XX, a partir dos projetos idealizados por Francisco Bhering (1867-1924). Formado na Escola Politécnica do Rio de Janeiro, membro do Apostolado Positivista, professor das escolas politécnicas de São Paulo e do Rio de Janeiro e diretor da Repartição Geral dos Telégrafos, este engenheiro civil que completou seus estudos em Astronomia no Observatório de Paris atuou no sentido de promover o efetivo reconhecimento das áreas consideradas incógnitas do País. Para isto contou com o apoio de instituições como o Clube de Engenharia e a Sociedade de Geografia do Rio de Janeiro e de personalidades como o engenheiro militar Candido Rondon que tiveram efetiva participação na defesa da realização de seus dois grandes projetos a expansão da rede telegráfica até o Amazonas e a elaboração da Carta do Brasil ao milionésimo. Estes planos visavam atender à ânsia modernizadora do Estado republicano e das classes dominantes como parte do projeto de dominação e controle do território e de sua população. / This paper analyzes the main issues concerning of Brazil modernization in the early twentieth century, from the projects devised by Francisco Bhering (1867-1924). Formed at the Rio de Janeiro Polytechnic School, a member of the Positivist Apostolate, a professor of the São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro Polytechnic Schools and a Telegraph General Bureau director, the civil engineer who completed his studies in astronomy at the Paris Observatory acted to promote the effective recognition of the considered country \"unknown\" areas. That had the support of institutions like Engineering Club and Rio de Janeiro Geography Society and personalities as the military engineer Candido Rondon who have effective participation in the defense of his two major projects accomplish - the telegraph expansion to the Amazon and the Charter of Brazil to the millionth drafting. These plans were intended to satisfy the Republican State and master classes urge modernizing as part of the territory and its population domination and control project.

Este trabalho estuda a real fábrica de ferro São João de Ipanema, entre 1860-1889. O objetivo é analisar o desempenho da empresa e compreender as razões para o investimento do governo na fábrica, apesar da mesma não gerar lucro. A hipótese a ser testada é que tais investimentos se justificavam face o plano governamental de transformar a empresa em um poderoso auxiliar para a modernização econômica do país durante a segunda metade do século XIX. / This work studies the royal iron factory São João de Ipanema, between 1860-1889. The objective is to analyze the performance of this company and understand the reasons for government investment in the factory, although it did not get profit. The hipothesis to be tested is that these investments were warranted because the government had a plan to transformation the company in a powerful support to the economic modernization of the country during the second half of the 19th century.

Orientador: Bela Feldman / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T22:49:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ferreira_FelipeDittrich_M.pdf: 1635290 bytes, checksum: e4ceb25411f414d16e0403bebfe496b2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: Este trabalho procura mostrar que o processo de modernização, impulsionado pela expansão do capitalismo e pela formação de estados nacionais, assume formas distintas ao redor do globo, em função das variadas formas de integração à economia mundial de populações e territórios que se "destradicionalizam" sem necessariamente se adequar a padrões modernos consagrados, seja no que toca à política, seja no que concerne à religião. Mesmo no domínio da economia o processo de modernização é multifacetado, como o demonstram padrões variados de consumo, poupança e investimento. A observação de casos diversos revela que a modernidade, ao se expandir, produz não apenas convergência, mas também divergência. O lugar da religião, no contexto desse debate, é enfatizado / Abstract: This work argues that the process of modernization, prompted by the expansion of capitalism and by the formation of nation-states, takes on different forms throughout the globe, owing to the variety of ways in which territories and populations are integrated to the world economy, without necessarily conforming to canonical modern patterns, either in the domain of politics or of religion. Even in the realm of economics, the process of modernization is manifold, as demonstrated by the variety of consumption, saving and investment patterns. The observation of many different cases reveals that modernity produces not only convergence, but also divergence. The place of religion, in the context of this debate, is emphasized / Mestrado / Antropologia Social / Mestre em Antropologia Social

Depuis le boom pétrolier (tafra) des années 1970 et l’émergence des Etats rentiers, l’institution de la famille a connu d’importants changements dans les pays du Golfe, notamment à Oman et au Koweït. En particulier, le mariage et la procréation, deux événements clés qui servent à reproduire la famille, ont été affectés. Le « modèle de nuptialité traditionnel » longtemps caractérisé par un mariage précoce et universel, un écart d’âge important entre époux et la polygamie semble aujourd’hui remis en cause par l’enrichissement matériel, l’éducation de masse, l’urbanisation et les progrès sanitaires. En plus d’une transition de la nuptialité, on observe une transition de la fécondité dans les deux pays. Cependant, l’application des hypothèses de la théorie de la modernisation dans la casuistique des pays pétroliers produit des schémas démographiques atypiques : le maintien du mariage consanguin, l’émergence de nouvelles formes « non conventionnelles » de polygamie, la hausse du douaire, une fécondité toujours élevée, des choix matrimoniaux toujours déterminés par la famille et l’Etat, etc. Ces schémas obligent à repenser les schémas linéaires et déterministes des théories de la modernisation toujours utilisées en démographie, et à saisir les dynamiques adaptatives de la famille face au paradigme moderne. Intégrer la dimension politique permettra de comprendre certains de ces paradoxes. Bien que l’Etat ait incité à la modernisation des comportements démographiques, il semble avoir favorisé sur un autre front des pratiques matrimoniales et procréatives traditionnelles dans le but de consolider l’identité nationale. Les Etats rentiers ont pu, à travers le déploiement de moyens matériels et idéologiques transmettre des idéaux natalistes et prolonger le patriarcat. A travers les entretiens semi-directifs menés à Oman et au Koweït avec plusieurs générations, cette étude cherchera à situer les comportements dans un contexte économique, culturel et politique déterminé. / Since the oil boom and the emergence of rentier states, Gulf families have undergone tremendous changes, notably in Oman and in Kuwait. Particularly, marriage and procreation which represent two major events for reproducing the family, have been transformed. The traditional nuptiality model, characterized by early and universal marriage, age difference between spouses and polygamy seems today questioned by the material affluence, mass education, urbanization and health advances. In addition to a nuptiality transition, a fertility transition has been also observed. However, the application of modernization theory hypothesis in the cases of oil countries produces atypical demographical patterns: preservation of consanguineous marriage, new forms of “non conventional” polygamy, preservation of still high fertility rate, soaring bride prices, matrimonial choices still dictated by family and state. These patterns oblige us to reconsider the linear an determinist patterns of the modernization theory which is still used in demography; as to better understand the adaptive dynamics of the family in front of the modern paradigm. The introduction of the political dimension helps us understand some of these paradoxes. Although the state has encouraged the modernization of demographic behavior, it has in another side favored traditional practices related to marriage and procreation, in the aim of consolidating the national identity. The rentier states, through material an ideological means, could have enhanced natalist ideals and reinforce patriarchy. Through semi directives interviews conducted in Oman and Kuwait with different generations, this study seeks to situate the behaviors in a political, cultural and economic context.

Numerous studies have been undertaken on the political economy of agricultural policies in developing countries. These studies have explained agricultural policies in terms of urban bias, economic reforms, and domestic politics. Recently, the emphasis has been on explanations that reference the existence of a rational-legal and patronage element within the African state. Such explanations tend to underplay the extent to which agricultural policies are devised in a context of power asymmetries between the state and international donors or financial institutions. In the Malawian context specifically, limited attention has been paid to the possibility that policies are a negotiated outcome of interactions informed by competing objectives at the state-donor interface. Accordingly, the proposed study will attempt to fill this existing gap in the literature. Malawi is currently at the center of policy debates regarding the state’s capacity to launch a uniquely African Green Revolution within a marketized and capitalist configuration. Such debates mark the continued underinvestment in agriculture on the African continent. The Malawi case, therefore, provides a unique opportunity to explore the extent to which state level efforts are either confounded or enabled by donors and international financial institutions. The specific successes and failures of the Malawi case speak to the question of how other countries in Sub-Saharan Africa might successfully address food production and food security issues. This dissertation will explore the overarching question of the role of the state and international donors in shaping agricultural and food security policies using Malawi’s farm input subsidy program as a case study. The main research methods to explore this question are qualitative, including interviews with various development stakeholders (government ministries, international development agencies, researchers from policy research and academic institutions, and civil society organizations) associated with agriculture and food policy-making, and textual analysis of publications associated with them. The research specifically targets key experts in the area of agriculture and food security. The findings indicate that policies have been greatly influenced by the competing ideologies of the state and donors, with each recognizing the problem but differing on the approach and modalities for solving food insecurity in Malawi. To this extent, there has been considerable inconsistency in policies with obvious negative outcomes. More recently, there has been an aligning of policy positions towards the use of social welfare programs and commercialization in addressing food insecurity. This alignment relates to policy positions on both the FISP and the configuration of the wider agricultural sector as manifest in the National Agricultural Policy, for example. The role of domestic politics vs. donors in policy processes has been in flux due to changes in the political and economic environment and configuration at specific junctures. The study also finds that evidence has been important in informing policy-making, more importantly, finance has had significant impact in attenuating the influence of domestic politics, so that the recently proposed and implemented reforms to FISP, although connected to considerable sociopolitical pressure from various quarters, have been largely precipitated by a serious fiscal crisis on the part of the government. To this extent, the state has assumed a pragmatic approach to policy-making i.e., one that is cognizant of the limitations imposed by finance and Malawi’s very harsh, challenging, and complex context.

Este trabalho analisa as principais questões referentes à modernização do território brasileiro no início do século XX, a partir dos projetos idealizados por Francisco Bhering (1867-1924). Formado na Escola Politécnica do Rio de Janeiro, membro do Apostolado Positivista, professor das escolas politécnicas de São Paulo e do Rio de Janeiro e diretor da Repartição Geral dos Telégrafos, este engenheiro civil que completou seus estudos em Astronomia no Observatório de Paris atuou no sentido de promover o efetivo reconhecimento das áreas consideradas incógnitas do País. Para isto contou com o apoio de instituições como o Clube de Engenharia e a Sociedade de Geografia do Rio de Janeiro e de personalidades como o engenheiro militar Candido Rondon que tiveram efetiva participação na defesa da realização de seus dois grandes projetos a expansão da rede telegráfica até o Amazonas e a elaboração da Carta do Brasil ao milionésimo. Estes planos visavam atender à ânsia modernizadora do Estado republicano e das classes dominantes como parte do projeto de dominação e controle do território e de sua população. / This paper analyzes the main issues concerning of Brazil modernization in the early twentieth century, from the projects devised by Francisco Bhering (1867-1924). Formed at the Rio de Janeiro Polytechnic School, a member of the Positivist Apostolate, a professor of the São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro Polytechnic Schools and a Telegraph General Bureau director, the civil engineer who completed his studies in astronomy at the Paris Observatory acted to promote the effective recognition of the considered country \"unknown\" areas. That had the support of institutions like Engineering Club and Rio de Janeiro Geography Society and personalities as the military engineer Candido Rondon who have effective participation in the defense of his two major projects accomplish - the telegraph expansion to the Amazon and the Charter of Brazil to the millionth drafting. These plans were intended to satisfy the Republican State and master classes urge modernizing as part of the territory and its population domination and control project.

This dissertation is about the intellectual reception of TV in 1980s China. While Chinese media have often been a topic within studies of globalization and global political economy, Chinese TV history still has not gained enough scholarly attention. Chinese scholars' extant studies of TV history have provided valuable knowledge, but a more extensive and critical view of the interaction between TV and culture is still lacking. This dissertation aims to explore Chinese TV history in the pivotal decade of the 1980s from the viewpoint of cultural studies. Using theories of media technology, globalization and gender studies, this dissertation reexamines how a western technology was introduced to and then embedded in Chinese culture. This study of the popularization of TV in 1980s China is historical-critical supplemented with oral history interviews. Well-known Chinese periodicals were studied whose goals were not just to educate people, as was the normal role of media under socialism, but also to entertain them. These magazines include Life Out of 8 Hours, Popular TV, Popular Cinema, Modern Family, and Chinese Advertising. The dissertation also analyzes TV dramas produced in China or imported from other nations in order to examine the interaction between various ideologies of Chinese society and those of international media. It explores how the hybridity between western TV culture and Chinese traditions was represented in popular Chinese visual media. The confusions and ambitions of modernization appeared in the representations of visual media. The intellectual reception of TV in China was a negotiation between tradition and modernity, nationalism and internationalism. Chapter one examines how the Chinese media introduced and represented TV in the 1980s. Chapter two investigates how TV was presented by 1980s Chinese media as a symbol of modern life, wealth and higher social status. In chapter three, I examine how TV, a modern medium, was linked media to nature. Chapter four concentrates on the relationship between TV and other media technologies, such as film and print media. Chapter five focuses on gender representation in discourse and images promoting TV, its dramas, and related media such as TV and film magazines. The epilogue provides a brief review of the general situation of Chinese TV since the 1990s.

The goal of this paper is to present a methodology for rewriting outdated software systems. We developed this method based on a work assignment from the company SSAB AB, where we were tasked with rewriting one of their outdated systems to fit modern standards. This paper discusses the reasons for rewriting outdated systems, and the steps of planning, analysing source code, the rewriting procedure, documenting the rewritten code, and evaluating it. By using the method we developed, we were able to produce a satisfactory rewritten application for SSAB, and believe that it can be reused for similar purposes in the future.

No description available.