This diploma thesis is focused on a comprehensive analysis of criminal proceedings against legal entities using Act No. 141/1961 Coll., On Criminal Procedure (Criminal Procedure Code) in combination with Act No. 418/2011 Coll., On Criminal Liability of Legal Entities and Proceedings against them. The adoption of Act No. 418/2011 Coll., On Criminal Liability of Legal Entities and Proceedings against them, introduced criminal liability of legal entities into the legal order of the Czech Republic since 1st January 2012 but the institute of criminal liability of legal entities is constantly evolving to respond to the needs of society. The diploma thesis is conceived from a procedural point of view with the current use of the substantive bases of the issue of criminal liability of legal entities. The thesis further explains important terms and outlines the development of criminal liability of legal entities in the Czech Republic. The aim of the thesis is to provide a comprehensive view of phases of criminal proceedings against legal entities and to evaluate selected problematic aspects of the legal regulation which are accordance with the interpretation of the professional public and with the developing jurisprudence of the domestic courts. The thesis is divided into five chapters. The first three are...

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:24:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcia Regina Pitta Lopes Aquino.pdf: 1464898 bytes, checksum: 11fce2db529eff34e4ede1bc26616e88 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-11-19 / This is a theoretical research whose purpose is to demonstrate that one lives today in times of radicalizated biopolitics as a result of the modern technic essence domain as understood by Martin Heidegger. It presents some aspects of Michel Foucault s thought and Giorgio Agamben s thought about biopolitics. It follows Martin Heidegger s trajectory of thought, especially in his second phase when, with the introduction of the notion of Gestell, he demonstrates the meaning of the modern technic essence as a way of common-belonging of man and being. It shows that only in a po(i)etic common-belonging between man and being, the man can keep his human essence. It presents the Willis Santiago Guerra Filho s thesis about the imaginary knowledge of law as an example of an understanding about it that corresponds to that keeping, in order to improve legal effectiveness / Pesquisa teórica cujo objetivo é demonstrar que se vive hoje em tempos de radicalização da biopolítica como consequência do domínio da essência da técnica moderna do modo como é compreendida por Martin Heidegger. Apresenta alguns aspectos do pensamento de Michel Foucault e Giorgio Agamben a respeito da biopolítica. Percorre trechos do caminho de pensamento de Martin Heidegger, especialmente em sua segunda fase quando, com o termo Gestell, ele demonstra o significado da essência da técnica moderna como um modo de comumpertencimento do homem e ser. Mostra que, apenas num comum-pertencimento po(i)ético de homem e ser, o homem pode guardar sua essência humana. Apresenta a Tese sobre o conhecimento imaginário do direito de Willis Santiago Guerra Filho como exemplo de uma compreensão do direito que corresponde a essa guarda e que, assim, pode promover a efetividade do direito

O trabalho se divide em duas partes, sendo a primeira delas, de caráter introdutório, com a pretensão de percorrer, sucintamente, os principais aspectos doutrinários consagrados ao longo do tempo pela ciência jurídica a respeito das pessoas jurídicas. Nesse primeiro impulso, são analisados os diferentes enfoques de conceituação da pessoa jurídica, bem como são delineadas suas remotas origens no Direito Romano. São apontados e discutidos seus requisitos e o momento de seu nascimento, sendo o aspecto fundamental o estudo da capacidade e personalidade da pessoa jurídica, ou seja, sua aptidão para ser sujeito de direitos e obrigações e de exercê-los na ordem civil. Finalmente, aborda-se a transformação, desconsideração e a morte da pessoa jurídica, completando desse modo o seu ciclo vital. A segunda parte se propõe a analisar a (re)presentação da pessoa jurídica, seja por meio de seus órgãos, verificando-se, nesta hipótese, a representação, seja por meio de procuradores, sendo necessário, sob esse aspecto, o estudo do negócio jurídico, do contrato de mandato e da representação, em sua acepção técnica de negócio jurídico autônomo. Assim, é então possível enfrentar o fenômeno da Aparência de Direito ou Teoria da Aparência, sendo desenvolvida sua conceituação, bem como descritos seus requisitos essenciais e os efeitos de sua aplicação. Ao cabo, empreende-se a análise dos principais feitos judiciais levados a julgamento no âmbito do Supremo Tribunal Federal e do Superior Tribunal de Justiça, com a oportunidade de compreender como as Cortes Superiores brasileiras aplicam no caso concreto os institutos e fenômenos teorizados, especialmente a Teoria da Aparência.

Atualmente, é comum que usuários levem em consideração a localização geográfica dos documentos, é dizer considerar o escopo geográfico que está sendo tratado no contexto do documento, nos processos de Recuperação de Informação. No entanto, os sistemas convencionais de extração de informação que estão baseados em palavras-chave não consideram que as palavras podem representar entidades geográficas espacialmente relacionadas com outras entidades nos documentos. Para resolver esse problema, é necessário viabilizar o georreferenciamento dos textos, ou seja, identificar as entidades geográficas presentes e associá-las com sua correta localização espacial. A identificação e desambiguação das entidades geográficas apresenta desafios importantes, principalmente do ponto de vista linguístico, já que um topônimo, pode possuir variados tipos de ambiguidade associados. Esse problema de ambiguidade causa ruido nos processos de recuperação de informação, já que o mesmo termo pode ter informação relevante ou irrelevante associada. Assim, a principal estratégia para superar os problemas de ambiguidade, compreende a identificação de evidências que auxiliem na identificação e desambiguação das localidades nos textos. O presente trabalho propõe uma metodologia que permite identificar e determinar a cobertura espacial dos documentos, denominada SpatialCIM. A metodologia SpatialCIM tem o objetivo de organizar os processos de resolução de topônimos. Assim, o principal objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar e selecionar técnicas de desambiguação que permitam resolver a ambiguidade dos topônimos nos textos. Para isso, foram propostas e desenvolvidas as abordagens de (1)Desambiguação por Pontos e a (2)Desambiguação Textual e Estrutural. Essas abordagens, exploram duas técnicas diferentes de desambiguação de topônimos, as quais, geram e desambiguam os caminhos geográficos associados aos topônimos reconhecidos para cada documento. Assim, a hipótese desta pesquisa é que o uso das técnicas de desambiguação de topônimos viabilizam uma melhor localização espacial dos documentos. A partir dos resultados obtidos neste trabalho, foi possível demonstrar que as técnicas de desambiguação melhoram a precisão e revocação na classificação espacial dos documentos. Demonstrou-se também o impacto positivo do uso de uma ferramenta linguística no processo de reconhecimento das entidades geográficas. Assim, foi demostrada a utilidade dos processos de desambiguação para a obtenção da cobertura espacial dos documentos / Currently, it is usual that users take into account the geographical localization of the documents in the Information Retrieval process. However, the conventional information retrieval systems based on key-word matching do not consider which words can represent geographical entities that are spatially related to other entities in the documents. To solve this problem, it is necessary to enable the geo-referencing of texts by identifying the geographical entities present in text and associate them with their correct spatial location. The identification and disambiguation of the geographical entities present major challenges mainly from the linguistic point of view, since one location can have different types of associated ambiguity. The ambiguity problem causes noise in the process of information retrieval, since the same term may have relevant or irrelevant information associated. Thus, the main strategy to overcome these problems, include the identification of evidence to assist in the identification and disambiguation of locations in the texts. This study proposes a methodology that allows the identification and spatial localization of the documents, denominated SpatialCIM. The SpatialCIM methodology has the objective to organize the Topônym Resolution process. Therefore the main objective of this study is to evaluate and select disambiguation techniques that allow solving the toponym ambiguity in texts. Therefore, we proposed and developed the approaches of (1) Disambiguation for Points and (2) Textual and Structural Disambiguation. These approaches exploit two different techniques of toponym disambiguation, which generate and desambiguate the associated paths with the recognized geographical toponym for each document. Therefore the hypothesis is, that the use of the toponyms disambiguation techniques enable a better spatial localization of documents. From the results it was possible to demonstrate that the disambiguation techniques improve the precision and recall for the spatial classification of documents. The positive effect of using a linguistic tool for the process of geographical entities recognition was also demonstrated. Thus, it was proved the usefulness of the disambiguation process for obtaining a spatial coverage of the document

La gestion des ressources humaines est une tâche importante pour toutes les organisations. Avec le nombre de candidatures en augmentation grâce à plusieurs plateformes en ligne, il est souhaitable de faire correspondre automatiquement les candidats avec des offres d’emploi. Les approches existantes utilisent les CVs sans compléter les informations par des recherches sur le Web, notamment le Web social. L’objectif de cette thèse est de surmonter cette limitation et proposer des méthodes pour découvrir des ressources en ligne pertinentes pour un demandeur d’emploi. À cet égard, une nouvelle méthode pour l’extraction d’informations clés à partir des CVs est proposée. Il s’agit d’un problème difficile puisque les CVs peuvent être multilingues et avoir des structures assez variées. En plus, les entités présentes sont suivant ambiguës. L’identification et la réconciliation des ressources en ligne en utilisant les informations clés sont un autre défi. Nous proposons un algorithme pour générer des requêtes et classer les résultats pour obtenir les ressources en ligne les plus pertinentes pour un demandeur d’emploi.. En outre, nous abordons spécifiquement la réconciliation de profils dans les réseaux sociaux grâce à une méthode qui est capable d’identifier les profils de individus à travers différents réseaux. Cette méthode utilise notamment les informations relatives à la localisation géographique des profils. A cet égard, nous proposons un algorithme permettant de désambiguïser les toponymes utilisés dans les profils pour indiquer une localité géographique ; cet algorithme peut être également utilisé pour inférer la localité d’un individu lorsqu’il ne l’a pas renseignée. Des expériences sur des ensembles de données réelles sont menées pour tous les différents algorithmes proposés dans cette thèse qui montrent de bons résultats. / Finding the appropriate individual to hire is a crucial part of any organization. With the number of applications increasing due to the introduction of online job portals, it is desired to automatically match applicants with job offers. Existing approaches that match applicants with job offers take resumes as they are and do not attempt to complete the information on a resume by looking for more information on the Internet. The objective of this thesis is to fill this gap by discovering online resources pertinent to an applicant. To this end, a novel method for extraction of key information from resumes is proposed. This is a challenging task since resumes can have diverse structures and formats, and the entities present within are ambiguous. Identification of Web results using the key information and their reconciliation is another challenge. We propose an algorithm to generate queries, and rank the results to obtain the most pertinent online resources. In addition, we specifically tackle reconciliation of social network profiles through a method that is able to identify profiles of individuals across different networks. Moreover, a method to resolve ambiguity in locations, or predict it when absent, is also presented. Experiments on real data sets are conducted for all the different algorithms proposed in this thesis and they show good results.

A criação de grupos societários é, nos dias de hoje, provavelmente uma das técnicas mais utilizadas para a organização da atividade empresarial. As eficiências deles decorrentes, muitas vezes, não podem ser alcançadas pelo emprego de outras formas societárias. Dentre as possíveis alternativas para a estruturação de grupos societários, os grupos de fato são maioria no cenário econômico brasileiro. Inspirados no modelo societário alemão, estes grupos caracterizam-se pela união de sociedades em relações de controle e coligação, nos quais uma sociedade de comando exerce direção unitária sobre as demais sociedades integrantes do grupo, conferindo-lhes unidade econômica. A legislação societária brasileira, contudo, contém algumas falhas no que diz respeito à regulamentação dos grupos de sociedade. Mesmo no direito comparado, há críticas aos modelos de regulamentação existentes. No caso brasileiro, o principal elemento caracterizador dos grupos societários a direção unitária não é previsto na legislação. Além disso, a sistemática da lei é deficiente ao definir mecanismos de proteção aos interesses de acionistas minoritários e credores. Em vista disso, a jurisprudência tem empregado a desconsideração da personalidade jurídica das sociedades integradas em grupos para tutelar estes interesses. Em que pese a válida tentativa da jurisprudência de evitar que a ausência de um regramento adequado, para os grupos societários, prejudique interesses de credores e acionistas minoritários, a utilização da técnica da desconsideração para tanto não observa os princípios determinados para a sua aplicação e gera grande insegurança jurídica. Esta é a análise proposta neste trabalho. / The creation of corporate groups is, nowadays, probably one of the most used techniques for organizing the enterprise. Efficiencies resulting from them very often cannot be reached by using other corporate forms. Among the possible alternatives for structuring groups of companies, de facto groups are the majority in Brazilian economic scenario. Inspired in the German corporate model, these groups are characterized by the union of companies in control and affiliation relations, where a parent company exercises unitary direction over the other companies integrating the group, granting them economic unit. Brazilian corporations law, however, has some flaws as regards the rules applicable to corporate groups. Even in comparative law, there is criticism to the existing regulating models. In Brazil, the main element that characterizes the group of companies the unitary direction is not set forth in law. Besides that, the laws systematic is deficient in defining mechanisms for the protection of the interests of minority shareholders and creditors. In view of that, courts have been using disregard of the legal entity of companies integrated in corporate groups to protect such interests. Despite of the valid attempt of the courts to avoid that the lack of proper rules for groups of companies jeopardize interests of creditors and minority shareholders, the use of the disregard technique for this purpose does not observe the principles for its use and results in great legal insecurity. This is the analysis proposed herein.

Cílem diplomové práce je stanovení hodnoty podniku Stredoslovenská energetika, a. s. Pro ocenění společnosti byla zvolena metoda DCF entity. Součástí DP je také finanční analýza, strategická analýza relevatního trhu, analýza a prognóza generátorů hodnoty a sestavení finančního plánu.

This diploma thesis deals with the theme simulation models. It is separated to three parts: theoretic, a part describing a simulation program and a practical part. The opening part's role is to introduce to a reader the problem about simulation models, inform him about simulation project building and define some key words. The second part explains a work with simulation program Simprocess. In the third part the reader finds out, how to use theoretic knowledge. It is demonstrated on the simulation of the operations of the company Prádelna Lety. A goal of this part is to make a simulation model, which describes the reality and can solve the main problems identified in the beginning of this part. All of this is the object of the analysis. After that is possible to give some advises about improving the operations.

The aim of the thesis is an estimation of the market value of the company Mlékárna Hlinsko, s.r.o. as of 31st December 2010, using the DCF Entity method. For this purpose, the financial and the strategic analyses and a prognosis of the value generators were performed, followed by a financial plan.

The European Union (EU) increasingly participates in various arrangements at the international level in order to further the objectives of the Union. Yet, such participation poses challenges in terms of ensuring that the EU has an effective voice, whilst also ensuring certainty and clarity for other participants. This thesis focuses on the EU’s participation in the decision-making processes of multilateral fora in the field of maritime affairs in order to examine how these challenges can be met. The thesis explores the legal mechanisms in both EU law and international law that accommodate the ability of the EU to participate in international arrangements. It will consider whether these mechanisms ensure clarity and certainty to the key actors involved and whether consistency exists between the internal and external mechanisms. Through collecting, examining, and analysing historical and contemporary materials relating to the shaping and operating of the internal and external legal mechanisms, this thesis aims to explain and analyse how the legal mechanisms are established and how they can be adapted to meet the challenges facing the EU, its Member States, third States, and international institutions in a clearer and more consistent manner. The research diagnoses several key factors that have contributed to the possible ambiguity, uncertainty, and inconsistency of these mechanisms, including the evolving nature of shared competence and a heavy reliance on the Court of Justice in ascertaining and safeguarding the contours of the EU legal order and its interface with the international legal order. It then examines how the internal legal mechanisms have been projected externally, by using selected case studies of the participation of the EU in the International Maritime Organisation, the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations, and Regional Fisheries Management Organisations. This thesis illustrates that although various mechanisms have been adopted internally and externally to tackle the challenges facing the EU’s participation, several sets of asymmetries can be found across different legal mechanisms. The thesis evaluates the strengths and weaknesses of these mechanisms and it further suggests that adopting the mixed-participation mode for the EU and its Member States to participate in the multilateral fora may be preferable, or indeed necessary, even in areas where the EU enjoys an exclusive competence.