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Introduction: La consommation de poissons gras semble diminuer le risque de déclin cognitif lors du vieillissement. Cet effet serait potentiellement attribuable à deux acides gras oméga-3 concentrés dans le poisson: l'acide docosahexaénoïque (DHA) et l'acide eicosapentaénoïque (EPA). Cependant, ce lien n'est pas valide chez les personnes porteuses du génotype de l'apolipoprotéine E epsilon 4 (ApoE4), le facteur de risque génétique le plus important pour la maladie d'Alzheimer. Ces données suggèrent un débalancement dans le métabolisme du DHA chez les porteurs de l'ApoE4. Objectif: Évaluer si le polymorphisme de l'ApoE4 débalance le métabolisme d'un traceur DHA marqué au carbone 13 ([indice supérieur 13] C-DHA). Méthodologie: Quarante participants de plus de 50 ans ont été recrutés. De ce nombre, 14 sont des hommes et 26 sont des femmes. Ils ont consommé une dose unique de 50 mg de [indice supérieur 13] C-DHA afin de suivre son métabolisme sur une période de 28 j. L'incorporation plasmatique ainsi que la p-oxydation du [indice supérieur 13] C-DHA ont été suivis à l'aide d'échantillons de plasma et d'haleine prélevés avant la prise du [indice supérieur 13] C-DHA et 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, 6 h, 8 h, 24 h, 7 j, 14 j, 21 j et 28 j post-consommation. Résultats: 6 participants étaient porteurs de l'ApoE4 et 34 étaient non-porteurs. L'incorporation plasmatique du [indice supérieur 13] C-DHA était 3,7 fois moins grande chez les porteurs de l'ApoE4 2 h post-consommation (p = 0,04) et 1,9 fois moins grande 4 h post-consommation (p = 0,04) comparativement aux non-porteurs de l'ApoE4. La beta-oxydation du [indice supérieur 13] C-DHA était 1,8 fois plus grande chez les porteurs de l'ApoE4 7 j post-consommation (p = 0,05), 2,4 fois plus grande 21 j post-consommation (p = 0,02) et 2,3 fois plus grande 28 j post-consommation comparativement aux non- porteurs. Discussion/conclusion: Ces résultats suggèrent que les porteurs de l'ApoE4 montrent un débalancement dans leur métabolisme du [indice supérieur 13] C-DHA. Ceci pourrait modifier l'apport recommandé en DHA chez les porteurs de l'ApoE4 afin que ceux-ci soient protégés contre le déclin cognitif par la consommation d'acides gras oméga-3.

Trade agreements play a big part in international trade and have existed for as long as countries have been trading internationally. Countries often agree to sign a trade agreement with their trading partners because trade agreements can stimulate international trade by removing barriers. Trade agreements can also have a negative impact on a country, such as social injustice and economic inequality. South Africa has numerous trade agreements with various countries, one important agreement that South Africa is part of is the regional trade agreement between the European Union (EU) and the African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) countries which originated in 1976. The Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) is a preferential trade agreement which evolved from the Cotonou Agreement which came into force in 2000 and envisioned the creation of mutual trade agreements. When this agreement expired in 2007, the (EPA) was created. The main objective of the EPA’s is to integrate the ACP countries into the world economy. The EU aims to combine trade, politics and development and enhance the political dimension of ACP countries by addressing issues such as corruption, poverty and inadequate development policies. The EU is in favour of the EPA because it will reduce the number of negotiations with various countries, which it currently holds simultaneously. South Africa had some reservations regarding the EPA. South Africa is currently governed by the Trade, Development and Co-operation Agreement (TDCA), which was created with specific goals and also acts as a strategic partnership between the EU and South Africa. If the EPA is implemented in South Africa, it will replace certain elements of the TDCA agreement. South Africa has characteristics of both a developed and developing economy and will be excluded from several of the general trade arrangements of the EPA. The EU is offering duty-free and quota-free access for all the countries except for South Africa. This will result in two different SACU tariffs for imports from the EU. South Africa also argues that various discrepancies will arise between the EPA and TDCA which will cause various challenges regarding political, legal and technical aspects between Southern African countries and this will hinder regional integration amongst these countries. There are various opinions as to which agreement will be more beneficial for South Africa. Where the EPA aims to create a single agreement for all ACP countries, the TDCA is an exclusive agreement between South Africa and the EU, and addresses issues specific to South Africa. The underlying problem is that South Africa has qualities of both a developed and a developing nation and is being excluded from some of the benefits that the EU is offering the other members. This rings some alarm bells, as South Africa and its neighbouring countries are working towards better regional integration. The EPA might have a negative influence on this regional integration because various African countries will benefit differently under the EPA. This Study analyses the possible effects the EPA could have on South Africa’s trade with the EU and South Africa’s neighbouring countries by means of a literature study and an empirical analysis. The first part of literature study gives an overview on trade theories and trade agreements, advantages of free trade, trade barriers and the likeliness of countries to trade with each other. The second part provides an in depth overview of regional and preferential trade agreements and economic integration. The Third section of the literature study gives a complete overview of South Africa and the EU’s economic and trade situation. The Fourth and final section of the literature study provides an overview of the TDCA and the EPA and compares the two agreements. The literature study is followed by an empirical analysis and an overview of the gravity model. The empirical analysis studied the impact of trade barriers on the historic trade between South Africa and the EU using a gravity model as a basis. The gravity model was used as a base for the regression models, because it has proven to give accurate estimations in previous studies done with similar trade data. This study used data for each variable for the time period 2000 to 2010 and was sourced from the World Bank and the International Trade Centre but there are data limitations. Separate models were estimated for exports from South Africa to the EU and imports to SA from the EU. From the import regression results, it was clear that the coefficients were very small and should all tariffs be eliminated, there will not be a significant increase in imports to South Africa from the EU. The export regression results were similar to the results of imports and indicated that if all tariffs should be eliminated with the implementation of the EPA, there will not be a significant increase in exports from South Africa to the EU. However the EPA stretches beyond only trade benefits and because the EU remains one of South Africa’s biggest trade and development partners, it is vital to consider the effects of the EPA. It does appear that the EPA’s main motivator is not international trade, but that it is rather political and development orientated. / Thesis (MCom (International Trade))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.

Trade agreements play a big part in international trade and have existed for as long as countries have been trading internationally. Countries often agree to sign a trade agreement with their trading partners because trade agreements can stimulate international trade by removing barriers. Trade agreements can also have a negative impact on a country, such as social injustice and economic inequality. South Africa has numerous trade agreements with various countries, one important agreement that South Africa is part of is the regional trade agreement between the European Union (EU) and the African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) countries which originated in 1976. The Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) is a preferential trade agreement which evolved from the Cotonou Agreement which came into force in 2000 and envisioned the creation of mutual trade agreements. When this agreement expired in 2007, the (EPA) was created. The main objective of the EPA’s is to integrate the ACP countries into the world economy. The EU aims to combine trade, politics and development and enhance the political dimension of ACP countries by addressing issues such as corruption, poverty and inadequate development policies. The EU is in favour of the EPA because it will reduce the number of negotiations with various countries, which it currently holds simultaneously. South Africa had some reservations regarding the EPA. South Africa is currently governed by the Trade, Development and Co-operation Agreement (TDCA), which was created with specific goals and also acts as a strategic partnership between the EU and South Africa. If the EPA is implemented in South Africa, it will replace certain elements of the TDCA agreement. South Africa has characteristics of both a developed and developing economy and will be excluded from several of the general trade arrangements of the EPA. The EU is offering duty-free and quota-free access for all the countries except for South Africa. This will result in two different SACU tariffs for imports from the EU. South Africa also argues that various discrepancies will arise between the EPA and TDCA which will cause various challenges regarding political, legal and technical aspects between Southern African countries and this will hinder regional integration amongst these countries. There are various opinions as to which agreement will be more beneficial for South Africa. Where the EPA aims to create a single agreement for all ACP countries, the TDCA is an exclusive agreement between South Africa and the EU, and addresses issues specific to South Africa. The underlying problem is that South Africa has qualities of both a developed and a developing nation and is being excluded from some of the benefits that the EU is offering the other members. This rings some alarm bells, as South Africa and its neighbouring countries are working towards better regional integration. The EPA might have a negative influence on this regional integration because various African countries will benefit differently under the EPA. This Study analyses the possible effects the EPA could have on South Africa’s trade with the EU and South Africa’s neighbouring countries by means of a literature study and an empirical analysis. The first part of literature study gives an overview on trade theories and trade agreements, advantages of free trade, trade barriers and the likeliness of countries to trade with each other. The second part provides an in depth overview of regional and preferential trade agreements and economic integration. The Third section of the literature study gives a complete overview of South Africa and the EU’s economic and trade situation. The Fourth and final section of the literature study provides an overview of the TDCA and the EPA and compares the two agreements. The literature study is followed by an empirical analysis and an overview of the gravity model. The empirical analysis studied the impact of trade barriers on the historic trade between South Africa and the EU using a gravity model as a basis. The gravity model was used as a base for the regression models, because it has proven to give accurate estimations in previous studies done with similar trade data. This study used data for each variable for the time period 2000 to 2010 and was sourced from the World Bank and the International Trade Centre but there are data limitations. Separate models were estimated for exports from South Africa to the EU and imports to SA from the EU. From the import regression results, it was clear that the coefficients were very small and should all tariffs be eliminated, there will not be a significant increase in imports to South Africa from the EU. The export regression results were similar to the results of imports and indicated that if all tariffs should be eliminated with the implementation of the EPA, there will not be a significant increase in exports from South Africa to the EU. However the EPA stretches beyond only trade benefits and because the EU remains one of South Africa’s biggest trade and development partners, it is vital to consider the effects of the EPA. It does appear that the EPA’s main motivator is not international trade, but that it is rather political and development orientated. / Thesis (MCom (International Trade))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.

Certains composants nutritionnels sont capables de moduler la réaction inflammatoire et la réponse immune. Ils pourraient être très utiles dans l'augmentation de la résistance de l'hôte aux maladies infectieuses, en particulier dans l'infection pulmonaire à P. aeruginosa qui est caractérisée par une réponse inflammatoire excessive et dont la sévérité est associée à une réponse immunitaire de type Th2. Le premier objectif de ce travail a été de tester l'effet anti-inflammatoire d'un régime enrichi acides gras polyinsaturés n-3 (EPA/DHA) au cours d'une infection pulmonaire aigue à P. aeruginosa sur des souris déficientes pour le gène cftr. Des résultats antérieurs suggérant que les souris femelles sont plus sensibles à l'infection que les souris mâles, les bénéfices de cette alimentation ont été analysés selon le sexe des souris. Le second objectif a été d'étudier l'effet des oligosaccharides acides dérivés de la pectine de Citrus (pAOS) au cours d'une infection pulmonaire chronique à P. aeruginosa. L'hypothèse testée était que les pAOS en favorisant le balancement de la réponse Th2 vers une réponse Th1 pourrait améliorer le pronostic de l'infection. Leur effet immunomodulateur a été évalué chez deux fonds génétiques murins différents : des souris BALB/c et C57BL/6 connues pour développer respectivement une réponse immune de type Th2 et Th1. Ces 3 études sont basées sur l'administration endo-trachéale d'une suspension de P. aeruginosa pour l'infection aigue ou de P. aeruginosa inclus dans des billes d'agar pour une infection chronique chez des souris nourries pendant 6 semaines (souris cftr-/-) et 5 semaines (BALB/c et C57BL/6) par une diète contrôle ou d'une diète spécifique. Les paramètres cliniques mesurés sont la survie et la clairance bactérienne pulmonaire, et les paramètres biologiques sont pour la réponse inflammatoire le dénombrement des polynucléaires, des macrophages et le dosage de cytokines pro- et anti-inflammatoires et pour la réponse immune le dosage des cytokines Th1 et Th2, l'expression de marqueurs de différentiation des lymphocytes Th1, Th2 et de polarisation des macrophages M1 et M2. Les souris BALB/c et C57BL/6 survivantes à une première infection ont été réinfectées et leur charge bactérienne pulmonaire a été mesurée.

The aim of this thesis is to assess the influence of the polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially DHA and EPA in the diet on the animal organism in accordance to the levels of total HDL and LDL cholesterol and triglycerides in plasma. As experimental animals were used rats and they were divided into 3 groups of 10 pieces: control group with the addition of 6 % Carthamus tinctorius (n-6 flares), the group with the addition of 6 % fish oil (n-3: EPA, DHA fish) and the group with 6 % addition of oil from Schizochytrium (n-3: DHA, DHA). After 40 days the animals were putted to death according to relevant regulations. Blood lipids were obtained from blood samples by spectrophotometry. Value of polyunsaturated fatty acids of n-3 and n-6 was set by gas chromatography in the liver, muscle and adipose tissue. In accordance to the increase of content n-3 PUFA in group with fish oil and with oil from Schizochytrium, total and LDL cholesterol was reduced in comparison of samples in control group. In comparison to the control group were TAG reduced only in the group with addition of oil.

The aim of my thesis on topic The effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the diet of rats on expression of selected genes was to investigate the effect of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosapentaenoic acid (DHA) on the expression of genes which encode GPR120, AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 receptors in relation to suppress low-grade chronic inflammation in organism to reduce the risk of atherosclerosis by dietary intervention in rats. Rats were fed by a mixture MYPO with 6 % safflower oil (diet S), 6 % fish oil (diet F) or 6 % of oil from algae Schizochytrium (diet A). Gene expression was measured by quantitative real-time PCR method and the results were evaluated by using the software qbase + (Biogazelle NV). Relative expression of GPR120 gene was in F diet 88 % (P > 0,05), in A diet 93 % (P > 0,05) in comparison with control group (100 %). Relative expression of ADIPOR1 gene was in F diets and A diet 82 % (P < 0,05) in comparison with the control group. For ADIPOR2 gene relative expression was 71 % (P < 0,05) in diet F and 68 % (P < 0,05) in diet A. The results were contrary to our hypothesis. However, they exactly match the results of other studies in the available literature. It would be appropriate to carry out further studies on this issue.

Submitted by Reginaldo Soares de Freitas (reginaldo.freitas@ufv.br) on 2016-10-21T17:30:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 514500 bytes, checksum: de271ef0f6d6dddb183f81a3816210da (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-21T17:30:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 514500 bytes, checksum: de271ef0f6d6dddb183f81a3816210da (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003-04-25 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais / Foram determinadas as composições dos ácidos graxos de três peixes de água doce (tilápia do Nilo - Oreochromis niloticus; carpa comum - Cyprinus carpio e híbrido tambacu: tambaqui - Colossoma macropomum e pacu - Piaractus mesopotamicus). Os peixes foram avaliados na forma crua, assada e cozida à vapor, com pele e sem pele, nos tempos 0, 15, 30 e 45 dias de armazenamento sob congelamento. Os lipídios foram extraídos pelo método de Folch et al. (1957), esterificados pelo método Hartman e Lago (1973) e analisados por cromatografia gasosa (CG). Os ácidos palmítico (16:0) e oléico (18:1) foram os ácidos graxos presentes em maior proporção nos peixes estudados, considerando-se os tempos de estocagem e os modos de cocção. Foram verificados altos percentuais de ácidos graxos saturados (em média, 43,3 e 37,4%) para tilápia e tambacu, respectivamente) e monoinsaturados (em média 53,8%) para carpa. Os ácidos graxos polinsaturados foram encontrados em menor percentual (em média 17,5%) para tilápia. De maneira geral, a composição de ácidos graxos dos três peixes avaliados não apresentaram grandes variações em função do tempo de congelamento e do modo de preparo. Por outro lado, os percentuais dos ácidos graxos aumentaram com a retirada da pele, em todos os tempos de estocagem sob congelamento e modos de cocção. Os maiores percentuais de ácidos graxos polinsaturados foram encontrados na carpa assada, com e sem pele (23,3 a 27,3%); na tilápia cozida à vapor, com e sem pele (26,2 a 35,1%) e no tambacu cozido à vapor, com e sem pele (27,1 a 35,5%) após 45 dias de estocagem sob congelamento, indicando que a cocção e o congelamento exerceram um efeito positivo sobre o percentual deste grupo de ácidos graxos, de grande importância para a saúde humana. Os maiores percentuais de DHA e EPA foram encontrados nos peixes submetidos à cocção (úmida e seca), indicando que os métodos de cocção utilizados tiveram efeito positivo sobre os principais ácidos graxos polinsaturados da série ω-3. Concluiu-se que, dentre os peixes estudados, a tilápia, apesar do menor percentual de ácidos graxos polinsaturados encontrado, mostrou-se a mais promissora para a prescrição de dietas que requerem baixo teor de lipídios (0,79%), além de uma relação mais elevada entre os ácidos graxos da série ω-3/ω-6 (0,84). / The fatty acid composition of three fresh water fishes was determinated (Nile tilapia - Oreochromis niloticus; common carp - Cyprinus carpio and the hybrid tambacu: tambaqui - Colossoma macropomum with pacu - Piaractus mesopotamicus). Raw, steamed and roasted fishes were evaluated with or without skin at 0, 15, 30 and 45 days of freezing storage. The lipids were extracted by the method of Folch et al. (1957). Then, they were sterified by the method of Hartman and Lago (1973) and further analysed by gas chromatography (GC). Palmitic (16:0) and oleic (18:1) acids were found in the highest proportion in the fishes studied, irrespective to the cooking processes and the storage time. High levels of saturated fatty acids were found for tilapia and tambacu (43.3 and 37.4% on average, respectively) and monounsaturated fatty acids for carp (53.8% on average). Tilapia showed the lowest levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids - PUFA (17.5% on average). In general, the fish fatty acid composition did not change considerably due to either the cooking process or the freezing storage time. On the other hand, the fatty acid content increased with the skin removal, regardless to the cooking or the storage process. PUFA were found in higher concentrations in roasted carp (23.3 to 27.3%); steamed tilapia (26.2 to 35.1%) and in steamed tambacu (27.1 to 35.5%), with or without skin, after 45 days of freezing storage. This indicates that cooking and freezing improve the levels of PUFA, which are considered to exert a beneficial effect on human health. The higher levels of DHA and EPA were found in processed fishes (roasted or steamed), which suggests the positive effect of cooking in ω-3 PUFA. Among the fishes analysed, tilapia, although have shown the lowest PUFA level, seems to be the most promessing fish for low-fat diet prescription (0.79%), with the highest ω-3/ω-6 ratio (0.84). / Não foi localizado o cpf do autor.

Cette thèse propose une évaluation des effets potentiels de l’Accord de partenariat économique (APE) entre l’Union européenne (UE) et l’Afrique de l’Ouest sur l’agriculture et les ménages sénégalais. En effet, après plus de 12 ans de discussions, la Communauté Économique des États de l’Afrique de l’Ouest (CEDEAO) dans sa majorité a signé l’APE avec l’UE, le volet commercial de l’Accord de Cotonou. L’APE est ainsi devenu le nouveau cadre de coopération économique et commercial entre l’UE et le Sénégal avec l’établissement à terme d’une zone de de libre-échange réciproque entre l’UE et les pays ACP, cependant asymétrique et mettant ainsi fin au régime des conventions de Lomé, qui était basé sur les préférences commerciales non réciproques. Cette étude est basée sur le modèle d’équilibre général calculable (MEGC) uni-pays développé par Bouët et al (2001). Il s’agit à la base d’un modèle statique avec l’hypothèse de concurrence parfaite et non monétaire qui décrit une petite économie ouverte comme le Sénégal. En effet, le Sénégal est un pays en développement importateur net de produits alimentaires et très dépendant du commerce international notamment pour couvrir ses besoins alimentaires. Ce MEGC a été enrichi par l’introduction de l’approche théorique « Dual-Dual » élaborée par Stifel et Thorbecke (2003) pour tenir compte des spécificités de la plupart des économies africaines comme le Sénégal notamment un secteur informel très développé et la migration rural-urbain d’une part et d’autre part parce que la quasi-totalité des MEGC utilisés pour étudier l’économie sénégalaise n’intègre pas ces aspects structurels. De plus, pour bien prendre en compte l’APE dans nos simulations nous avons rajouté deux étages au niveau des exportations et des importations pour bien distinguer les origines/destinations CEDEAO et UE. Le modèle utilisé est calibré sur une matrice de comptabilité sociale (MCS) pour l’année 2006 construite dans le cadre de cette thèse. Pour appréhender les effets sur les ménages, trois enquêtes ménages ont été utilisées pour identifier 78 ménages représentatifs. Pour les données tarifaires, le nouveau tarif extérieur commun de la CEDEAO (TEC CEDEAO) en vigueur depuis le 1er janvier 2015 a été utilisé. Les résultats ont révélé que l’APE est une réforme commerciale qui n’offre pas des perspectives de gains réels pour le Sénégal car elle implique essentiellement une ouverture de l'économie sénégalaise aux seuls produits européens et n'améliore pas l'accès de l'économie sénégalaise aux économies du reste du monde. Sur le plan des analyses de bien-être, l’APE ne permet pas de réduire la pauvreté et les inégalités / This PHD thesis proposes an assessment of the potential effects of the Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) between the European Union (EU) and West Africa on Senegalese agriculture and households. Indeed, after 12 years of negotiations, the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) in its majority signed the EPA with the EU, the trade component of the Cotonou Agreement. Thus, the EPA has become the new framework for economic and trade cooperation between the EU and Senegal. The objective to the end is the establishment of a reciprocal free trade area between the EU and ACP countries, however asymmetrical and putting an end to the Lome Agreement, which was based on non-reciprocal trade preferences. This study is based on the Single country computable general equilibrium model (CGE) developed by Bouët et al (2001). It is a static model with the assumption of perfect competition and non-monetary, which describes a small open economy such as Senegal. Indeed, Senegal is a net food-importer developing country and very dependent on international trade specially to cover its food needs. This CGE was enriched by the introduction of the "Dual-Dual" theoretical approach developed by Stifel and Thorbecke (2003) to reflect the specificities of most African economies like Senegal i.e. a large informal sector and migration rural-urban firstly and secondly because almost all the CGE models used to study the Senegalese economy does not incorporate these structural aspects. In addition, to better capture the EPA in our simulations we added two stages in exports and imports modelling to distinguish the origins / destinations ECOWAS and EU. The model is calibrated on a 2006 Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) built as part of this thesis. To understand the effects on households, three household surveys were used to identify 78 representative households. For tariff data, the new ECOWAS Common External Tariff (ECOWAS CET) launched on January 1st 2015 was used. The results revealed that the EPA is a trade reform that offers no real earnings prospects for Senegal because it essentially implies openness of the Senegalese economy only to European products and does not improve the access of Senegalese economy to other economies of the World. In terms of welfare analysis, the EPA did not reduce poverty and inequality.

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico / Considerando que no Brasil o uso de diÃxido de cloro no tratamento de Ãgua à ainda pouco adotado em funÃÃo tanto de seu alto custo quanto da dificuldade de sua quantificaÃÃo, pretendemos comparar trÃs metodologias usadas para quantificar esse produto. Escolhemos a metodologia LGB (Lissamine Green B) e a comparamos com a metodologia EPA 327.0 ((Environmental Protection Agency) e a TitulaÃÃo AmperomÃtrica (referenciadas), ambas analisadas sob a mesma diluiÃÃo. Isso posto, visamos tambÃm comparar os efeitos da variaÃÃo da diluiÃÃo especificamente na metodologia TitulaÃÃo AmperomÃtrica. Para a metodologia de anÃlise, utilizamos o teste F, para analisar a precisÃo; o teste de ponto de HipÃtese, para analisar a exatidÃo entre as metodologias e a possÃvel existÃncia de tendÃncia entre elas; o teste T, para analisar a existÃncia de erros sistemÃticos entre as metodologias; o teste ANOVA one-way, para determinar os efeitos de diluiÃÃo na TitulaÃÃo AmperomÃtrica. A comparaÃÃo realizada nos permite concluir que a metodologia LGB nÃo apresentou variÃncia de repetibilidade e precisÃo intermediÃria pior que a apresentada na metodologia EPA 327.0 e na metodologia TitulaÃÃo AmperomÃtrica no nÃvel de confianÃa de 95%, apesar da dispersÃo em relaÃÃo à mÃdia e à mediana. / Considering that in Brazil the use of chlorine dioxide in water treatment is still not adopted due to both its high cost and difficulty of its quantification, we intend to compare three methods used to quantify this product. We chose the methodology LGB (not referenced) and compared with the EPA method 327.0 (Environmental Protection Agency () and amperometric titration (referenced), both analyzed under the same dilution. With that in mind, we aim to also compare the effects of varying the dilution specifically the methodology amperometric titration. for the analysis methodology, we use the F test to determine the accuracy, the test point hypothesis, to determine the accuracy of the methodologies and the possible existence of a tendency among them, the t test to analyze the existence of systematic errors among methods, the one-way ANOVA test to analyze the effects of dilution in the amperometric titration. The comparison allowed us to conclude that the methodology did not provide LGB variance of repeatability and intermediate precision worse than the one presented in the methodology EPA method 327.0 and the amperometric titration level of 95%, despite the dispersion from the mean and median.