This thesis is concerned with the nature of employment-type relationships that currently exist in Australia, with specific regard to the meaning of the terms 'employer,' 'employee,' and the 'employer-employee relationship', and the extent to which the employee-independent contractor dichotomy is respected. This thesis seeks to show how current legislation at federal, state and territory level is largely inconsistent in defining key terms; to explain why this is problematic; and to propose a workable solution. An examination is made of the common law as it currently stands, followed by an investigation of federal, state and territory revenue, superannuation, workers' compensation and employment laws that govern or affect employer-employee and principal-contractor relationships. The thesis recognises that there currently exists no comprehensive solution to the problems plaguing the employee-contractor dichotomy, and an all encompassing solution is proposed. The solution presented moves away from the traditional common law approach, rejects a statutory definitional approach, and instead adopts the principles of the Torrens Title system to land ownership in Australia. Following this proposed solution, alternate models and arguments are compared and contrasted.

By triangulation of three longitudinal case studies with change leader practitioner survey, this research identified the following seven generative Employee Relationship Planning (ERPII) management strategies: 1. People Strategy 2. Capital Strategy 3. Information Strategy 4. Experience Strategy 5. Opportunity Strategy 6. Crisis Strategy 7. Result/Reward Strategy ERPII management strategies may facilitate development of organisational cultures where management enables employees to become aware of relevant capital, information, experience, opportunity and crisis situations to attain the result/reward of their collaboration and participation in business process reengineering activities for continuous improvements. These ERPI management strategies may facilitate practical application of current approaches in positive leadership, Emotional Intelligence, Spiritual Intelligence, Appreciative Inquiry and Kaizen.

Investing in employee engagement is beneficial to ensuring an organization's ability to sustain and improve productivity and performance. The purpose of this single case study was to explore effective leadership strategies leaders used to increase employee productivity. The population for this study were 6 bank leaders from Mississippi with a minimum of 5 years of experience implementing effective strategies to increase employee productivity. The conceptual framework for this study was Bass's transformational leadership theory. Data were collected using semistructured interviews, observations, and a review of company documents. The data analysis process involved Yin's 5-step approach, methodological triangulation, and member checking to identify common patterns, develop themes, and verify data for accuracy. The 4 emergent themes in the study were lead by example, encourage, promote teamwork, and implement rewards. The findings indicated that bank leaders improved employee productivity using transformational leadership by maintaining active employee engagement, communicating clear goals, and building positive leader-employee relationships. The implications of this study for positive social change include the potential for leaders in the banking industry to improve employee engagement, which may lead to a higher level of employee performance and commitment, reduced turnover, and enhanced organizational profitability. Organizations that are profitable can help stimulate the local economy by contributing earned profits to the community in areas such as schools, housing development, and community centers.

The researcher has since 1996 been involved professionally in the field of Employee Assistance and has been witness to its evolution, growing complexity and potential to make a positive impact on the development of individuals and organizations through employer-employee relationship and workplace dynamics. The motivation for this study came from an interest to gain deeper understanding of the concept and implementation of EAPs by organizations in the researcher’s immediate environment and circle of potential influence. The development of EAPs in South Africa, influenced by various professions, has evolved as a result of different organizational needs which occur in varying forms and levels of sophistication depending on staffing, availability of resources and capacity within organizations. There is limited information available to EAP as a developing profession in terms of how programmes occur in South Africa. This study sought to analyze the prevalence and nature of EAPs in work organizations within the Buffalo City Municipal Area (BCMA) in the Eastern Cape Province, mainly to obtain reliable information on these programmes so that implementation of employee assistance can be evaluated and improved. This investigation provides a critical description of the implementation of EAPs in the BCMA with a view to establish prevalence, critically analyze the nature of EAPs, and to benchmark against existing Employee Assistance Professional Standards. The literature review includes a detailed examination of the history of EAPs in South Africa, contributions of the different professional disciplines, definitions of EAP, models currently in practice with the advantages, disadvantages and factors that influence the organizations choice of model and core technology of EAPs, as well as a critical examination of the 27 EAPA-SA Standards of 2005. The study is quantitative, exploratory and descriptive in nature as it sought to measure prevalence and provide descriptions of implementation methodologies in terms of form, shape, scope, staffing and services offered. These descriptive elements are benchmarked against the Standards for EAPs in South Africa, developed by the EAPA-SA, the official voice of the EAP profession. Questionnaires were administered to respondents that attended the local EAPA Branch and Occupational Health Nurses Association as well as Provincial Forum for Public Sector EAPs meetings. The respondents that were not reached this way were administered questionnaires personally. The population included organizations from both the private and public sector that employed a minimum staff compliment of two hundred. Since there are only 47 such organizations in the BCMA (both public and private sector), the entire population consisted of respondents and no sample was selected. Univariate analysis was used to assess data collected. The findings of the study indicate that EAPs are prevalent in BCMA organizations but they vary considerably in the way they have been developed and implemented. Benchmarked against the EAPA-SA Standards it is evident that while employee assistance programmes have certain basic elements in common, the overall design and implementation is fortuitous at best. Since the EAPA-SA standards have been developed concurrently with EAPs it is hoped that newly established EAPs will be a product of careful design rather than an inadvertent incident. EAPA-SA, educational institutions and business development forums need to collaborate and partner to provide comprehensive support to organizations and EAP practitioners to strengthen their EAPs. Correctly implemented, capacitated and resourced, EAPs can assist organizations to effectively manage their human resource behavior and health risks, maximize productivity as well as support individual employees to optimally manage personal and work challenges and function at their best. Copyright / Dissertation (MSW)--University of Pretoria, 2010. / Social Work and Criminology / unrestricted

Syftet med föreliggande studie var att undersöka upplevelsen av kommunikation samt olikheter i förväntan mellan avdelningschefer och medarbetare inom vården. Fyra vårdenhetschefer och fyra medarbetare inom Region Gävleborg intervjuades, varpå en induktiv tematisk analys resulterade i tre teman: Att nå fram med budskapet, samhörighet mellan chefer och medarbetare, samt medarbetarskap. Både chefer och medarbetare ansåg att en god kommunikation var av stor vikt för en välmående arbetsplats. Cheferna upplevde svårigheter i att nå ut till samtliga medarbetare, och därför ansågs det viktigt att individanpassa kommunikationen. Samhörighet mellan chefer och medarbetaren ansågs generera gemenskap och delaktighet, vilket gynnar kommunikationen. Medarbetarna upplevde otydlighet kring sitt ansvar för kommunikationen gentemot chefen. Ett förtydligande av medarbetarnas ansvar efterfrågades av både chefer och medarbetare. Att tydliggöra både medarbetares och chefers ansvar, skyldigheter, rättighet och förväntningar tordes kunna underlätta kommunikationen parterna emellan. / The purpose of the present study was to investigate the experiences of communication as well as differences in expectations between department heads and employees in health care. Four managers and four employees in the region of Gävleborg were interviewed, and an inductive thematic analysis resulted in three themes: To reach out with the message, cohesion between managers and employees, and employeeship. Both managers and employees believed that good communication is of great importance for a healthy workplace. The managers experienced difficulties in reaching out to all employees, and stressed the importance of personalizing the communication. Cohesion between managers and employees was considered to generate fellowship and participation, which benefits the communication. Employees experienced ambiguity about their responsibility for communication with the managers. A clarification of employee responsibility was requested by both managers and employees. Clarifying the responsibilities, obligations, rights and expectations of both employee and managers may facilitate the communication between the parties.

Background: Managers can utilize tools such as Corporate social responsibility (CSR) and employer branding to manage the relationship between employees and the organization. CSR is a tool that can be used to make the organization look better. Companies can utilize employer branding to market themselves towards its current and new employees in a harmful industry. The fashion retail industry can be seen as a harmful industry, as the industry causes harm to the environment, society and people. The existing literature looks at how customers think about these issues, however not much is said about employees' thoughts who are working for these harmful organizations. The employees are the ones who in stores meet the critique from customers, instead of the organizations who make these harmful decisions. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to explore the significance of CSR in a harmful industry and its influence on the relationship between employees and the organization. Employees can be influenced by different factors both internal and external concerning their organization’s CSR practices, which can affect how they view their organization as an employer. Therefore, this study will try to explore the relation between the organization and the employees to see how working in a harmful industry has an impact on the relationship. Method: The thesis conducts a qualitative and exploratory method, this was done through an abductive research approach. Furthermore, 10 semi-structured interviews were conducted with the participants being interviewed. To analyze the ten interviews a thematic analysis was utilized as a guide. Conclusion: Employer and employee relationship does not seem to be disturbed by the questionable external CSR practices or a harmful industry in general. CSR is significant to employees, but when it comes to their own organization it does not matter since they are given values such as salary and employment. Organizations create benefits, value and engagement for employees by using employer branding and internal CSR, thus the organizations market themselves to the employees, meanwhile manage the relationship through skills development, empowerment, employment stability and work-life balance.

Abstract In recent years enterprise along with internationalize footfall more and more accelerate, result in not only product's internationalization competition, draw stretch manpower's internationalization flow too ¡CManpower gradually receive each industrial recognition in the last few years, introjections more resource in personnel's selection, appraisal, reward, development too¡CEnterprise is along with industry's internationalization, liberalization and under global competitor's entry, how to detain a man of talent and grant full development, have already formed important job at high-tech industry especially ¡CAs enterprise gradually know with think well of CRM's importance , emphasize on consumer's satisfaction, make a point of ministrant quality, but we discover enterprise personnel's working attitude is affection customer degree of satisfaction's important factor one of the too ¡CJust think, the person of dissatisfied its job will such emotion brings to enclose person too, include our precious consumer internal. In recent years by Deloitte & Touche LLP consultant company brings up "Employee Relationship Management " (ERM) theory¡CShould theory emphasizes on pass personnel achievement's best melt administration to drive enterprise collectivity management aim's really do to enterprise, from strategy, operation, performance and reward management and study and develop wait for four levels overall expound how to maximum's take advantage of enterprise the preciousness human resource, as really do industrial development aim, that is stockholder value's promotion ¡CSo the objective of this research want by means of by science and technology tool's import, inquire into enterprise inside e-Service degree of satisfaction's promotion and personnel's development and reward for relative affection analysis ¡CAs provide enterprise develop inside e-Service system. This research will as Kaohsiung Nan Zi export processing zone semiconductor encapsulation and testing factory's personnel as research investigation object, try establish a research framework, contain relative enterprise e-Service's enginery with personnel degree of satisfaction's relation, and further affection personnel relation regulatory benefit. The results show that there are positive correlations between e-Service and internal service quality, internal service quality and employee satisfaction, employee satisfaction and employee loyalty. According to the results, there are some suggestions to Nan Zi export processing zone semiconductor encapsulation and testing factory, suggestion can promote enterprise inside e-Service quality of service, construct e-Service is ministrant project, strengthen e-Service serve professional's training, build an adequate reward system to improve employee satisfaction and loyalty, and further create enterprise with personnel pair of win result.

A presente dissertação se propõe a discutir as transformações das relações societárias e empregatícia em razão das startups, empresas embrionárias com modelo de negócios inovador: escalável, repetível, rentável e de extrema incerteza. Para tanto, em um primeiro momento, serão analisados os conceitos clásicos de relação societária e empregatícia assim como as startups. Em um segundo momento, serão estudadas algumas das alterações trazidas pelas startups, por meio de cláusulas de vesting, ambiente de trabalho virtual e contrato de participação realizado pelo investidor-anjo. Buscar-se-á, por fim, repensar os modelos clássicos, com base em novas figuras jurídicas: intra-empreendedorismo, colaboração, quaseempregados, cogestão empresarial e cláusulas compromissórias, adaptando o Direito às novas exigências sociais, diante da tecnologia e do empreendedorismo. / The present dissertation proposes to discuss the transformations of the corporate and employment relationships due to the startups, embryonic companies with innovative business model: scalable, repeatable, profitable and of extreme uncertainty. To do so, in a first moment, we will analyze the classic concepts of corporate and employment relationshi as well as the startups. In a second moment, some of the changes brought by startups will be studied, through vesting clauses, virtual work environment and participation agreement made by the angel investor. Finally, we will try to rethink the classical models, based on new legal figures: intraentrepreneurship, collaboration, almost employees, corporate co-management and compromise clauses, trying to adapt the Law to new social demands, in the face of technology and entrepreneurship.

A presente dissertação se propõe a discutir as transformações das relações societárias e empregatícia em razão das startups, empresas embrionárias com modelo de negócios inovador: escalável, repetível, rentável e de extrema incerteza. Para tanto, em um primeiro momento, serão analisados os conceitos clásicos de relação societária e empregatícia assim como as startups. Em um segundo momento, serão estudadas algumas das alterações trazidas pelas startups, por meio de cláusulas de vesting, ambiente de trabalho virtual e contrato de participação realizado pelo investidor-anjo. Buscar-se-á, por fim, repensar os modelos clássicos, com base em novas figuras jurídicas: intra-empreendedorismo, colaboração, quaseempregados, cogestão empresarial e cláusulas compromissórias, adaptando o Direito às novas exigências sociais, diante da tecnologia e do empreendedorismo. / The present dissertation proposes to discuss the transformations of the corporate and employment relationships due to the startups, embryonic companies with innovative business model: scalable, repeatable, profitable and of extreme uncertainty. To do so, in a first moment, we will analyze the classic concepts of corporate and employment relationshi as well as the startups. In a second moment, some of the changes brought by startups will be studied, through vesting clauses, virtual work environment and participation agreement made by the angel investor. Finally, we will try to rethink the classical models, based on new legal figures: intraentrepreneurship, collaboration, almost employees, corporate co-management and compromise clauses, trying to adapt the Law to new social demands, in the face of technology and entrepreneurship.

A presente dissertação se propõe a discutir as transformações das relações societárias e empregatícia em razão das startups, empresas embrionárias com modelo de negócios inovador: escalável, repetível, rentável e de extrema incerteza. Para tanto, em um primeiro momento, serão analisados os conceitos clásicos de relação societária e empregatícia assim como as startups. Em um segundo momento, serão estudadas algumas das alterações trazidas pelas startups, por meio de cláusulas de vesting, ambiente de trabalho virtual e contrato de participação realizado pelo investidor-anjo. Buscar-se-á, por fim, repensar os modelos clássicos, com base em novas figuras jurídicas: intra-empreendedorismo, colaboração, quaseempregados, cogestão empresarial e cláusulas compromissórias, adaptando o Direito às novas exigências sociais, diante da tecnologia e do empreendedorismo. / The present dissertation proposes to discuss the transformations of the corporate and employment relationships due to the startups, embryonic companies with innovative business model: scalable, repeatable, profitable and of extreme uncertainty. To do so, in a first moment, we will analyze the classic concepts of corporate and employment relationshi as well as the startups. In a second moment, some of the changes brought by startups will be studied, through vesting clauses, virtual work environment and participation agreement made by the angel investor. Finally, we will try to rethink the classical models, based on new legal figures: intraentrepreneurship, collaboration, almost employees, corporate co-management and compromise clauses, trying to adapt the Law to new social demands, in the face of technology and entrepreneurship.