This study was an exploration of the relationship between classroom discourse and a high-stakes, standardized test, the Secondary Entrance Assessment (SEA), administered to students in Trinidad in their final elementary school year ("Standard 5"), with scores used to determine placement into secondary school. Classroom discourse was measured as represented in the oral and written language modeled to students by teachers and textbooks, and compared to the written language expectations implicit in the instructions and items on the SEA. Students' SEA scores were analyzed in relation to their teachers' language to determine if achievement was related to exposure to local/non-standard features of Trinidadian English. One outcome of this analysis was the creation of a survey developed to measure teachers' propensity for speaking Trini (Creole/dialect) or Trinidadian Academic English (standard English) in class by having them respond to audio clips. The survey was found to have acceptable reliability and concurrent validity. For the oral language investigation, 13 teachers were recorded as they led their class in one lesson, and an index of Trini usage (number of Trini utterances per 100 words) was calculated for each teacher. This index was used in an HLM model to determine if teachers' language was a predictor of their students' SEA scores. The distribution of the Trini index was positively skewed, M=1.1 and SD=1.25, indicating low usage of Trini. Trini usage was not found to be a significant predictor of students' 2008 SEA scores, but was found to be a significant predictor of the variation in SEA scores when these were aggregated by class. Similarly, there were few instances of Trini features in the examined textbooks. However, on the SEA, the only influence of Trini was the presence of dialect options used as distractors on two "fill in the blank" items, suggesting a mismatch between the features used in instructional language and the language expectations on the exam. In general, the low exposure to local features did not account for students' achievement on the SEA, but was positively related to the consistency of scores within a class. / text

In this dissertation a study will be made of university performance in the Science Faculty of the University of Natal, Durban. In particular, we will develop models that can be used to predict the success rate of a student based on his or her matriculation results. These models will prove useful for selecting students to universities. They may also be used to assist sponsors, bursars and donors in allocating funds to deserving students. In addition, these models may be used to identify students who might experience difficulties in their studies at university. / Thesis (M.Sc.)-University of Natal, Durban, 1994.

大學入學考試是近代學生必經的人生歷程，我國當前採取大學多元入學制度，有著多種的入學管道，而在各種入學措施中會因為學生身分上的不同而有不同的優待措施或是加分機制。我國探討大學多元入學的文獻甚多，大多是總體性的研究，較為缺乏個體性的研究，本研究以個人申請入學制度為主，從教育機會均等來分析原住民學生在參與申請入學時的積極優惠措施，也就是在討論原住民外加名額所帶來的問題，並藉由標準Dunn政策評估的標準，指出原住民外加名額的不足之處，最後提出政策建議，供各界參考與討論。 從入學機會均等來分析可以發現，原住民外加名額可以使原住民學生錄取到比未受保障前更好的學校，或是跟一般學生相比較下可以有比較高的錄取機會，造成此現象的主要原因在於：(1)原住民學生自成一個比較的系統，只要能通過第一階段，錄取機會大大提升。(2)原住民學生的競爭對手少。(3)原住民外加名額十分充足。在原住民的族群當中又可以分為都會原住民和原鄉原住民，其中以山地原住民較需要外加名額之保障，但外加名額之保障使得都會原住民較佔優勢而會造成此現象的原因在於：(1)成長背景、教育資源的差異、(2)只要具有原住民血統，就可以受到原住民外加名額之保障。若從Dunn所提出的政策評估標準的六個面向加以分析原住民外加名額在入學機會均等的問題，可以發現原住外加名額具有效率性、回應性與適當性，但實施的結果卻缺乏效能性、充分性、公平性。 從教育過程均等來分析可以發現，原住民學生透過積極優惠措施入學後容易產生學習壓力與心理壓力，且當前各大學也缺乏原住民文化與語言學習的相關課程，原住民學生在大學教育階段缺乏學習原住民文化與語言之機會，產生文化學習上的問題，而教育過程均等講求必須針對學生社經背景、能力、文化之差異，適時的給予積極性的差別待遇，很顯然我國大學該如何給不同的學生不同的教育方式，是未來值得思考之處。若從Dunn所提出的政策評估標準的六個面向加以分析原住民外加名額在教育過程均等問題，可以發現原住外加名額具有適當性，但實施的結果卻缺乏效率性、效能性、充分性、公平性、回應性， 本研究根據上述研究結果有五點政策上之建議，第一，個人申請入學採納原住民文化及語言能力證明；第二，在第二階段審查鼓勵各校系考量原住民學生的背景身分；第三，原住民部分外加名額參考離島外加名額之做法；第四，改善大學校院原住民學生輔導機制；第五，大學設置原住民語言與文化相關課程。 原住民外加名額最主要的問題在於地域之差異，使得原鄉原住民學生和都會原住民學生在入學機會上產生差距，另外再教育過程方面缺乏相關的輔助機制，使得原住民學生在學習上產生困難，也缺乏學習民族文化之機會，藉由制度上之改善，全面性的改善原住民學生在升學以及教育過程之問題，才有辦法達到教育機會均等以及發展、保存原住民民族文化之目標。

The submitted diploma thesis undertakes problems of the entrance of Fire Rescue Service forces to the closed areas and objects. The theoretical part of the diploma thesis focuses on problems of Integrated Rescue System, shows its units cooperated during the actions with the necessity of the entrance to the closed areas and specifies legislation focused to this type of incidents. It names the ways of entrance to the closed areas according to possible fire-fighting accesses, admission port to the objects and their technical provision in case of defalt in rescue of people. The main part of the diploma thesis in theoretical part is shot to the specification of fire-fighting technics, technical and material means, used for emergency entrance to the closed areas at Fire Rescue Service Moravian-Silesian Region, Regional Fire Rescue Service Karviná. At the conclusion of the theoretical part there are the most important aspects of tactics of Fire Rescue Service forces in actions described, where they are obliged to open closed obstructions for the entrance and to enter the closed areas regarding to solve technical help, fires or rescue of people. Because Police of the Czech Republic is the component of the Integrated Rescue System it takes part in most cases of Fire Rescue Service´s actions. That is the reason why I introduced the tactics in the actions of Fire Rescue Service force relating to the Fire Protection, very interesting methods of entrance to the closed areas used by special Police force. In the practical part of the diploma thesis there are methods and ways of emergency entrance to the closed areas using modern methods and technical support. To explain described methods of entrance and making obstructions up, I used the experiences obtained during my professional Fire Rescue Service. After the analysis of the separate methods there is an evaluation of their implementation and risks or complications during the actions. All methods and ways of emergency entrance are illustrated by photos. Then there is a summary of events from 2007 to 2012 when I was included to Regional Fire Rescue Service in Karviná. This summary shows frequency of actions in entrance to the closed areas in Moravian-Silesian Region in 2012. Next there is an analysis of means of Regional Fire Rescue Service in Karviná, used for opening and entrance to the closed areas. The effect of the analysis is to detect facilities for effective implementation of actions. On the basis of results the optimalisation was suggested to guarantee preparedness for these actions. In conclusion a ?door and window opener? is designed, including the verification of functionality. The technical documentation and direction for use are in enclosures. In conclusion of the practical part of the diploma thesis there is a discussion and evaluation of all aims of the work as practical processes of emergency entrance of Fire Rescue Service (FRS) forces to closed areas, evaluation of different types of rescuing people, FRS data processing and designing of the ?door and window opener?. At the end of the discussion the exploratory question was confirmed which evaluated facilities of FRS for emergency entrance to the closed areas, their insufficiency or necesity of inovation and, of course, if the door and window opener suggested in this work will improve the entrance to the closed areas and the action standard.

La première partie de cette thèse constitue une introduction aux différentes méthodes de conversion d'énergie et de dessalement qui seront évoquées dans cet ouvrage. Dans une deuxième partie, nous montrons que la conductance ionique d'un réseau de nanopores est sous-additive avec le nombre de pores. La contribution individuelle de chaque pore à la conductance globale tend vers une valeur nulle, pour un réseau suffisamment grand. On note que seuls des rapports de longueurs interviennent, et que le choix d'une échelle nanométrique n'a pas d'influence dans l'effet observé. Ensuite, dans une troisième partie, nous mesurons la perméabilité d'un réseau de pores à une échelle macroscopique. Là aussi, l'influence du réseau ne dépend pas de l'échelle du système. La perméabilité évolue en sens inverse de la conductance : elle est augmentée par la présence de pores voisins, mais dans une faible proportion. La quatrième partie se sert des résultats des deux parties précédentes, dans le but de déterminer une loi d'échelle pour la puissance électrique produite par courant d'écoulement et diffusio-osmose, deux méthodes de conversion d'énergie osmotique. On montre que les effets d'entrée ont un effet délétère sur cette conversion ; ils nécessitent des études plus approfondies. La dernière partie est un travail numérique sur un nouveau procédé de dessalement par osmose via une phase gaz, piégée dans des nanotubes hydrophobes. Son intérêt principal est l'utilisation de nanotubes plus gros que les pores des matériaux actuellement utilisés, donc moins susceptibles de s'encrasser. Par dynamique moléculaire, nous étudions la perméabilité et la sélectivité du dispositif / The first part of this thesis is an introduction to the different energy conversion and desalination methods that will be invoked in this work. In a second part, we show that the ionic conductance of a nanopore array is sub-additive with the number of pores. Individal contributions of each pore to the global conductance tend to a null value, if the network is big enough. We note that this phenomenon only involves length ratios, and that working at a nanometric scale does not have any influence. Then, in a third part, we measure the permeability of a pore array at a macroscopic scale. There too, the effect of the array does not depend on the scale of the system. Permeability evolves inversely to conductance: permeability is enhanced by the presence of neighboring pores, but in a smaller proportion than the ionic conductance falls under the same cause. The fourth part uses the results of the two preceding ones, to determine a scaling law for the electric power produced by streaming current and diffusio-osmosis, two methods of osmotic energy conversion. We show that entrance effects have a negative impact on such conversion, more efforts are needed to understand them better and circumvent them. The fifth and last part of this thesis is a numerical work on a new desalination device. It relies on osmosis through a gas phase which is trapped within a hydrophobic nanotube. Its main interest is to use nanotubes bigger than the pores of currently used materials, thus less prone to fouling. We use molecular dynamics methods to study the permeability and selectivity of this device

The topic of this thesis is the completion of compulsory education at elementary school. The goal of the theoretical part of this thesis is detailed description of specifics which relate to 9th grade. It can be useful to teachers who are, at the moment, teaching this grade and could help them to realize all the factors that influence their work. They might also find some new options how to improve their work. The practical part of this thesis is focused on a case study of project that is realised at Elementary School Josefa Kajetána Tyla, Písek. It is the 9th grade student's prom. The main focus is on what are the students learning, whether and how it influences their teaching and what does organizing this kind of event entitles.

Comment peut-on être policier ? C'est à cette question que tente de répondre cette thèse qui se propose d'analyser à la fois les processus de construction de l'attrait pour le métier de gardien de la paix et les modalités de la sélection des candidats. Elle s'intéresse d'abord aux droits d'entrée dont doivent s'acquitter les candidats. Bien que la nature et le « montant » de ces droits d'entrée fassent l'objet d'une définition officielle, le jugement des gatekeepersde l'institution est, en pratique, inapte à garantir la conformité des recrues auxexigences spécifiques du poste. En ce sens, les opérations de recrutement paraissent constituer un moment critique pour la stabilité de l'institution. Les processus qui conduisent à l'émergence et à la consolidation d'une vocation policière ont cependant pour effet de fabriquer des candidats biens disposés à l'égard de l'institution, prêts à se rendre compatibles. Ainsi, la police nationale constitue moins l'objet d'étude que le terrain d'investigation de cette thèse, qui propose une contribution à l'analyse des processus de reproduction des institutions engagées dans la mise en oeuvre de l'action publique. / How can one be a police constable ? This thesis tries to answer this question by analysing the building process of attraction to police jobs and the procedures for selecting the candidates. It deals first with the entrance fee candidates must pay. Although the nature and the amount of this fee is officially defined, the sentence pronounced by the gate-keepers of the institution is, in fact, unable to ensure the compatility of the recruits with the requirements of the position. Recruitment actions can be seen, therefore, as a critical moment for the stability of the institution. However, the rise and consolidation of the vocation for police jobs make candidates socially prepared to comply with the institution.The police is more the inquiry field than the object of this thesis, that propounds a contribution to the analysis of the reproduction of institutions involved in public policy.

Diplomová práce je zaměřena vstupní strategii značky Virtika na český trh. Za účelem dosažení tohoto cíle author zkoumal literaturu zaměřenou na metodiku značky od Ko Floora a koncept Brand Prizm. V analytické části byly provedeny analýzy prostředí Českého trhu, analýza odvětví, klíčových konkurentů a vnímání značky zakazníky. Tyto analýzy pomohly autorovi identifikova budoucí pozici značky na Českém trhu. Na základě výsledků analýz, autor vytvořil návrh řešení vstupní strategie značky and zvýšení její konkurence schopnosti na Českém trhu.

The thesis is draft a multi-storey parking garage in the area of University Hospital in Brno Bohunice to insufficient capacity of the parking spaces. The aim of thesis is to create a sufficient number of parking spaces, which would solve the deficit of parking spaces and connecting the street Jihlavská. The parking garage is located on the south side of the University Hospital and ensures pedestrian connections to the hospital. The parking garage should serve for patient, visitors and hospital staff. This thesis takes into consideration the solution of terminal of public transport in Bohunice’s hospital and for patients and visitors to the hospital is also designed park.

The thesis deals with the construction of inequalities in the access to the tertiary education with the special emphasis on entrance exams to the universities. The aim is to explore how the entrance exams as the gate to the universities are perceived by students - the actors who are the most affected by these inequalities in education, according to relevant research of these inequalities. The thesis studies how these actors perceive their position and situation within the entrance process, what situations (if any) are constructed as unequal by these actors, who is affected by such inequalities and how does he/she copes with them. The research question is seen from the perspective of interactionist constructivism and answered by applying methods of grounded theory and semi-structured in-depth interviews.