Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Letras/Inglês e Literatura Correspondente. / Made available in DSpace on 2013-07-16T02:36:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 229610.pdf: 1343773 bytes, checksum: fb49ebf2713015919e2bb7513f32d96a (MD5) / Este estudo investiga o efeito da instrução de formas sândi (somente sândi externo) dentro de tarefas de compreensão oral em aprendentes Brasileiros estudando Inglês como Língua Estrangeira (LE). Os aprendentes deste estudo são alunos de nível Intermediário de uma escola de línguas do estado de São Paulo. Foi a partir das dificuldades apresentadas por aprendentes ao realizar tarefas de compreensão oral em LE (quando tais tarefas não eram demasiadamente simplificadas), que surgiu o interesse por este estudo. Participaram dele um grupo que recebeu instrução somente em tarefas de preparação para a compreensão (o grupo controle - CG), e um grupo que recebeu instrução em formas sândi (chamado de grupo de tratamento -TG). O estudo analisa o ensino das formas sândi sob três aspectos: A instrução de formas sândi (assimilação, apagamento, redução e ligação) em si; o papel da sistematicidade no ensino das mesmas; e a comparação entre tarefas focando compreensão oral de formas sândi e tarefas focando metalinguagem de formas sândi. Os resultados mostram que há ganhos maiores para os aprendentes que recebem instrução em formas sândi, do que para os aprendentes que realizam tarefas de preparação para a compreensão. O estudo mostra também as implicações pedagógicas de tais resultados e sugestões para pesquisas na área. This study investigates the effects of instruction on sandhi forms (external sandhi only) on listening comprehension tasks in Brazilian learners studying English as a Foreign Language (EFL). The learners in this study are Intermediate-level students at a language school in São Paulo. The study departed from students' difficulties to carry out EFL listening comprehension tasks (when the tasks were not over simplified). The participants in this study were divided into two groups. Students who received instruction on pre-listening tasks (they were the Control Group -CG) and students who received instruction on sandhi-forms (they were the treatment group - TG). The study looks at the teaching of sandhi-forms from three aspects: the instruction on sandhi-forms (assimilation, deletion, reduction and linking) itself; the teaching of sandhi forms in a systematic way; the contrast between listening comprehension tasks focusing on sandhi-forms and metalanguage tasks focusing on sandhi-forms. Results point to more gains to students who received instruction on sandhi , than to those students who worked on pre-listening tasks. The study also shows the pedagogical implications of the results, and suggestions for further research in the field.

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Letras/Inglês e Literatura Correspondente. / Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-22T09:09:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Communicating successfully in another language seems to be a demand from globalization. The necessity to rethink the classical distinction between the literal and figurative levels of meaning is a fact. Because much of our reality is expressed in metaphorical terms, this thesis aims to investigate some researchers' claim about the necessity for fostering students' metaphoric competence in order to prepare them to take advantage of metaphoric reading during their school and after school life. Being able to deal with metaphorical reasoning may be an interesting strategy to help language learning. This research encouraged its participants to develop metaphoric mappings in order to make sense of verbal and visual metaphors during the reading classes of EFL. During the research it was possible to identify instances of metaphor development, contextualization, explication and evaluation by participants. There were instances when the participants activated relevant schemata and instances when they denied the metaphoric match because they were unable to activate relevant schemata. There was also cross cultural variation due to value judgments given by the students to the metaphoric pair presented. The rejection was only overcome when students were guided to map correspondences between domains. Metaphor was treated as a phenomenon of discourse that works as a bridge between thought and language, moreover metaphor was investigated as culturally contextualized. The basic question this research aimed to answer was: How do students react and perform when directed to use and make sense of metaphors in the classroom? The results showed that the participants of the research constantly co-constructed meanings. It was possible to notice progress on students' performance dealing with metaphor since the beginning of the classes, as well as development of autonomy and foreign language competence. Comunicar-se com sucesso em outra língua parece ser uma exigência da globalização. A necessidade de se repensar a clássica distinção entre os níveis figurativos e literais de significado é um fato. Devido a muito de nossa realidade ser expressado em termos metafóricos, esta dissertação pretende investigar a reivindicação de alguns pesquisadores a respeito da necessidade do encorajamento da competência metafórica dos alunos com o propósito de prepará-los para tirar proveito da leitura de metáforas durante sua vida escolar e pós-escolar. A capacidade de lidar com o raciocínio metafórico pode ser uma estratégia interessante a ser explorada para auxiliar no aprendizado de uma língua estrangeira. Esta pesquisa encorajou seus participantes a desenvolver mapeamentos metafóricos com a intenção de compreender metáforas verbais e visuais durante as aulas de leitura de Língua Inglesa. Durante a pesquisa foi possível identificar momentos nos quais as metáforas foram desenvolvidas, contextualizadas, explicadas e avaliadas pelos participantes. Houve momentos em que os participantes ativaram correspondências relevantes e momentos em que eles negaram o par metafórico por terem sido incapazes de ativar correspondências relevantes. Houve também, variação trans cultural devido aos valores de julgamento oferecidos pelos participantes aos pares metafóricos apresentados, o que gerou rejeição à metáfora. A rejeição foi somente superada quando os alunos foram guiados a mapear correspondências entre os domínios. A metáfora foi tratada como um fenômeno de discurso que funciona como uma ponte entre pensamento e linguagem e, além disso foi investigada de forma culturalmente contextualizada. A questão base que esta pesquisa pretendeu responder foi: Como os alunos reagem e o que eles desempenham quando dirigidos a usar e compreender metáforas na sala de aula? Os resultados demonstraram que os participantes da pesquisa co-construíam sentidos. Foi possível perceber progresso no desempenho dos alunos ao lidar com metáforas, bem como desenvolvimento de autonomia e competência em língua estrangeira.

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Letras/Inglês e Literatura Correspondente / Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-22T10:49:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 236613.pdf: 3632620 bytes, checksum: b35e57048ebc26000e77eb1211eeb910 (MD5) / This research focuses on the relationship between perception and production of words ending in -ed by Brazilian learners of English as a foreign language. The relationship between perception and production was investigated in terms of the participants' ability to perceive and produce the target sound with the oral stops /p,t,k,b,d,g/ as the preceding and the semi-vowel /J/ as the following phonological environment. Thirty-two learners attending advanced English classes in the extracurricular course at Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina were tested. The hypotheses were investigated in terms of correlation and mean comparisons for /t/, /d/ and /Id/. Production data was obtained by the creation of sentences elicited through carrier phrases provided in writing. Perception data was obtained through an oddity discrimination test (Flege, Mackay & Meador, 1999). The results showed that a) there was a statistically significant and positive correlation between the perception and production of the -ed ending; b) the mean for the perception of /Id/ was significantly higher than those for /t/ and /d/; c) the mean for the perception of /t/ was significantly higher than the mean for /d/; d) the mean for the production of /Id/ was significantly higher than those for /t/ and /d/; and e) ?the mean for the production of /t/ was significantly higher than that for /d/. Results of the present study provide interesting data to be related in theoretical terms to Flege's (1995) Speech Learning Model, Best's (1995) Perceptual Assimilation Model, Hooper's (1976) Hierarchy of Strength, Selkirk's (1984) Sonority Sequencing Generalization, and Eckman's (1977, 1987) Markedness Differential Hypothesis, and corroborate the findings reported in previous studies (Koerich, 2002; Silveira, 2004) regarding voicing and the relationship between perception and production. Esta pesquisa focaliza a relação entre percepção e produção de palavras terminadas em -ed por estudantes brasileiros de inglês. A relação entre percepção e produção foi investigada em termos da habilidade dos participantes em perceber e produzir o som alvo com as plosivas orais /p,t,k,b,d,g/ como ambiente fonológico precedente e a semi-vogal /J/ como ambiente fonológico seguinte. Trinta e dois estudantes freqüentando aulas de inglês avançado no curso extracurricular da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina foram testados. As hipóteses foram investigadas em termos de correlação e comparação de médias para /t/, /d/ e /Id/. Os dados de produção foram obtidos pela criação de sentenças a partir de 'frases guias' fornecidas por escrito. Os dados de percepção foram obtidos através de um teste de identificação do item estranho (Flege, Mackay & Meador, 1999). Os resultados mostraram que a) existe uma relação estatisticamente significativa e positiva entre a percepção e produção do -ed; b) a média na percepção do -ed pronunciado /Id/ foi significativamente maior do que as de /t/ e /d/; c) a média na percepção de /t/ foi estatisticamente significativa e maior que a de /d/; d) a média na produção de /Id/ foi significativamente maior do que as de /t/ e /d/; e e) a média na produção de /t/ foi significativamente maior do que a de /d/. Os resultados do presente estudo fornecem dados interessantes a serem relacionados em termos teóricos ao Modelo de Aprendizagem da Fala (Flege, 1995), ao Modelo de Assimilação da Percepção (Best, 1995), a Hierarquia de Sonoridade (Hooper, 1976), a Generalização da Seqüência Sonora (Selkirk, 1984), e a Hipótese da Relação da Marcação (Eckman, 1977, 1987), e ainda, corroboram os resultados de estudos prévios (Koerich, 2002; Silveira, 2004) em termos de efeito do vozeamento e da relação entre percepção e produção.

Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Letras/Inglês e Literatura Correspondente. / Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-22T12:34:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 238173.pdf: 2149679 bytes, checksum: fbde6055bdb20a80e1248ce1a22ce198 (MD5) / This study investigated the relationship between the perception and production of English vowels by 18 highly proficient Brazilian EFL speakers, most of them M.A. and doctoral students of the Graduate Program in English of the Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Two experiments were carried out: A production test to measure the first two formants of the learners' English and Brazilian Portuguese (BP) vowels, and an identification test with synthetic stimuli to investigate the L2 (second language) perception of English vowels. The production and perception results reveal that the Euclidean distance between the three English target pairs (/i/-/I/, /E/-/ae/, /U/-/u/) was significantly larger for the American English monolinguals than for the L2 learners, thus indicating that the Brazilians have difficulty in both producing and perceiving these vowels in a native-like fashion. Importantly, some relationship between vowel perception and production was found because the target pairs which were better perceived were also the ones produced more accurately by the L2 learners. These results provide further evidence for the fact that L2 perception outperforms L2 production.

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Letras/Inglês e Literatura correspondente / Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-22T13:17:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 232038.pdf: 702866 bytes, checksum: 9f4fb45d613948b804972f35715099cb (MD5) / This study investigated the influence of markedness in terms of the MDH and the influence of the preceding phonological environment as well as the possible influence of orthography and tasks on the process of medial vowel epenthesis production in words ending in -ed. Twenty-six participants read ten paragraphs and described four pictures using verbs in the past tense. The activities were audio recorded at the language laboratory at UFSC and the target words phonetically transcribed. The results that followed the expected tendencies were related to the influence of (a) the preceding consonantal context, which induced more epenthesis than the preceding vocalic context; (b) manner of articulation, in which obstruents induced more epenthesis than sonorants, which induced more epenthesis then vowels and nasals, which induced more epenthesis than liquids; (c) length in which the more marked three-member clusters induced more epenthesis than the less marked two-member clusters; and, (d) orthography, which influenced epenthesis in -ed ending words and no epenthesis in contrastive words. Results that did not follow the predictions were related to the influence of (a) voicing, in which voiced obstruents induced less epenthesis production than voiceless obstruents; (b) manner of articulation, in which affricates induced more epenthesis than stops and fricatives, but stops induced more epenthesis than fricatives; (c) place of place of articulation, in which the voiced velar stop caused less epenthesis production than the voiced bilabial; and, (d) the free speech test, in which vowel epenthesis production was less frequent than in the reading test. Markedness in terms of preceding context and cluster length and sonority/consonant strength in terms of voicing and manner of articulation seem to influence epenthesis production in -ed endings as, well as orthography, which is reinforced by the lower rate of epenthesis production in the free speech test, whereas place of articulation seems not to influence this process. Este estudo investigou a produção de epêntese vocálica em palavras que terminam com -ed, considerando a influência da marcação, do contexto fonológico, da ortografia e da tarefa. Vinte e seis participantes leram dez parágrafos e descreveram, no passado, seqüências de eventos apresentados em quatro figuras. As atividades foram gravadas no laboratório de línguas da UFSC. Os resultados que seguiram as tendências esperadas são referentes à influência: (a) do contexto fonológico antecedente, onde as consoantes induziram maior produção de epêntese do que as vogais; (b) das obstruintes que induziram maior produção de epêntese do que as soantes que induziram maior produção de epêntese do que as vogais; (c) das nasais que induziram maior produção de epêntese do que as líquidas; (d) do tamanho da seqüência de consoante, onde as seqüências compostas por três consoantes induziram maior produção de epêntese do que as seqüências com duas consoantes; (e) da ortografia do -ed, uma vez que as palavras de contraste não tiveram produção de epêntese na coda. Os resultados que não seguiram as expectativas se referem à influência: (a) das obstruintes não-vozeadas que induziram maior produção de epêntese do que seus pares vozeados; (b) das africadas que induziram maior produção de epêntese do que as plosivas e as fricativas, mas as plosivas induziram maior produção de epêntese do que as fricativas; (c) da plosiva vozeada /g/ que induziu menor produção de epêntese do que a plosiva vozeada /b/; (d) da tarefa, uma vez que na fala espontânea produziu-se menos epêntese do que na leitura. Marcação em termos de contexto antecedente e do tamanho da seqüência de consoantes e sonoridade em termos de vozeamento e modo de articulação parecem influenciar a produção de epêntese vocálica no -ed, assim como também a ortografia do -ed, evidenciada pela baixa produção de epêntese na fala espontânea, enquanto que o ponto de articulação parece não influenciar no processo.

Submitted by JOHNNY VICTOR TOMA (johnny.toma2015@fgvmail.br) on 2015-01-27T13:49:52Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Johnny Toma_CIM Thesis_10 8 14 submission.pdf: 2451193 bytes, checksum: bb3657254477027d36e42cf222b16a15 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Janete de Oliveira Feitosa (janete.feitosa@fgv.br) on 2015-01-28T14:10:52Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Johnny Toma_CIM Thesis_10 8 14 submission.pdf: 2451193 bytes, checksum: bb3657254477027d36e42cf222b16a15 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marcia Bacha (marcia.bacha@fgv.br) on 2015-02-05T12:16:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Johnny Toma_CIM Thesis_10 8 14 submission.pdf: 2451193 bytes, checksum: bb3657254477027d36e42cf222b16a15 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-05T12:17:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Johnny Toma_CIM Thesis_10 8 14 submission.pdf: 2451193 bytes, checksum: bb3657254477027d36e42cf222b16a15 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-10-29 / Deep in the South Pacific region about 2,300 miles southwest of the Hawaiian islands1 lies a United States territory that many Americans have never heard of nor known anything about. However, some famous Americans such as Troy Polamalu of the Pittsburgh Steelers, semi retired professional wrestler Dwayne 'The Rock' Johnson, and Hawaii Congresswoman Tulsi Gabbard have genealogical roots there. More importantly, many of the Territory’s sons and daughters have served and lost their lives for the United States flag and the cause of freedom around the world. This place is called American Samoa, a collection of seven islands that if glued together would have a total landmass of approximately 76 square miles, just a tad bigger than the capital city of the United States. According to the United States Census Bureau, there were 55,519 residents of American Samoa in 2010.1 The majority of them are ethnic Samoans, a Polynesian sect that traces its history back to early migrants from Southeast Asia who settled the islands around 1500 B.C.2 3 The climate is warm all year long and the forests along the mountains are ripe with vegetation. The main island is Tutuila with its beautiful and coveted landlocked harbor that was used as a coaling station by the United States naval ships during World War II. In fact, it was the Pago Pago Harbor that diminished the impact of the 2009 Tsunami that devastated the Samoan islands by channeling the waters of the Pacific Ocean towards the end of the harbor instead of flooding many other villages surrounding the Pago Pago Bay area. Lives and property were destroyed near the end of the Harbor but it could have been worse for the entire Bay area. Locally grown foods include coconut, taro, banana, guava, sugar cane, papaya, yam, pineapple, and breadfruit. It is completely surrounded by the Pacific Ocean from which the locals obtain a variety of seafood. There is a popular saying in Samoa that goes, 'In Samoa, it is impossible to starve 1 American Samoa Department of Commerce, 2012 Statistical Yearbook, http://www.doc.as/wpcontent/uploads/2011/06/2012-Statistical-Yearbook-1.pdf 2 U.S. Census Bureau News, U.S. Census Bureau Releases 2010 Census Population Counts for American Samoa, http://www.census.gov/2010census/news/releases/operations/cb11-cn177.html (Aug. 24, 2011). 3 3 J. Robert Shaffer, American Samoa: 100 Years Under the United States Flag (Honolulu, Hawaii: Island Heritage Publishing, 2000), 34. 4 because people live off of the land’s and the ocean’s abundant resources.' To the west of American Samoa lies a larger group of four islands that make up the Sovereign State of Samoa, which became independent from New Zealand in 1962. Samoa and American Samoa share the same language, culture, and religion but are divided by government and political systems. The focus of this study will be on American Samoa, which became a United States territory in 1900 when the principal chiefs of Tutuila (the largest island in American Samoa) ceded the islands to the United States.

Submitted by Daniele Santos (danielesantos.htl@gmail.com) on 2016-02-23T19:39:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Luigi.pdf: 12732041 bytes, checksum: d657eaca8a9afed096cb78c3458a4a30 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Janete de Oliveira Feitosa (janete.feitosa@fgv.br) on 2016-02-23T19:41:22Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Luigi.pdf: 12732041 bytes, checksum: d657eaca8a9afed096cb78c3458a4a30 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Almeida (maria.socorro@fgv.br) on 2016-02-24T19:17:47Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Luigi.pdf: 12732041 bytes, checksum: d657eaca8a9afed096cb78c3458a4a30 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-24T19:17:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luigi.pdf: 12732041 bytes, checksum: d657eaca8a9afed096cb78c3458a4a30 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-10-28 / Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) acquired an important role in the development process of the global economy. FDI inward stock was equivalent to an average of 32% of GDP for OECD countries in 2013. However, FDI affects a country’s Balance of Payments (BoP) in two ways: FDI flows are recorded in the BoP financial account while returns on FDI affect the BoP current account. Therefore, part of the positive contribution of inward FDI to a country on its financial account could be potentially offset by a negative contribution of FDI returns on the current account. The intent of this work is to complement the research on FDI determinants by introducing FDI returns as a variable in a gravity model where bilateral FDI outflows are the dependent variable. Moreover, using outward FDI flows as the dependent variable, the work allows looking at the behavior of Multinational Corporations (MNC) investing abroad. The results show that MNCs repatriate returns generating from the investments they make abroad. This is particularly true when high-income countries are involved: MNCs from high-income countries repatriate returns to their home countries from FDI made anywhere, while MNCs from middle-income countries repatriate returns from FDI in high-income countries. Repatriated returns are a relevant variable determining the value of FDI that a country makes in another country. The information on FDI returns is starting to become available to the public. This allows MNCs to sharpen their investment location decision models and national IPAs to better assess the two-fold BoP effects of promoting FDI.

Submitted by Marco Antônio de Ramos Chagas (mchagas@ufv.br) on 2017-03-14T11:29:50Z No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 1104133 bytes, checksum: 92917e4fad661faf30d263d5249d9222 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-14T11:29:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 1104133 bytes, checksum: 92917e4fad661faf30d263d5249d9222 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-07 / Nas últimas décadas, especialmente a partir de 1990, a economia mundial passou por rápidas transformações que permitiram uma integração econômica sem precedentes. Na economia globalizada, o investimento direto estrangeiro (IDE) desempenha papel importante na modernização dos países emergentes, e continuam sendo tema de debate os fatores que explicam por que as empresas transnacionais se direcionam, por meio dos fluxos de IDE, a certo país ou região. Neste contexto, considerando o cenário de evolução do ingresso de investimento direto estrangeiro na economia brasileira, as particularidades institucionais do Brasil e dos seus parceiros investidores e os potenciais efeitos do IDE sobre a economia doméstica, surgem três questões principais a serem investigadas: quais os efeitos exercidos pela qualidade do ambiente institucional e sua heterogeneidade sobre o volume entrante de IDE no Brasil? Como os fatores transnacionais, da firma e do setor têm impactado o modo de estabelecimento do IDE na economia nacional? Qual o impacto do ingresso de investimento direto estrangeiro sobre o crescimento da atividade econômica nacional, levando-se em consideração a capacidade de absorção deste investimento pela economia brasileira? Para avaliar como a qualidade do ambiente institucional e sua heterogeneidade têm afetado a entrada de IDE no mercado brasileiro, no período de 1996 a 2012, foram feitas estimações de uma equação gravitacional para os fluxos de investimentos externos destinados ao Brasil, provenientes dos seus 31 principais parceiros investidores. Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram que o volume entrante de investimento externo no Brasil é positivamente afetado pela qualidade do ambiente institucional político-social e econômico-financeiro entre os países de origem e o Brasil. Além disso, a disparidade institucional econômico- financeira mostrou-se negativamente relacionada com o ingresso do capital externo. No caso da investigação sobre os fatores que influenciam a escolha do modo de estabelecimento do IDE no Brasil, foi elaborado um modelo analítico com dados para uma amostra de 160 subsidiárias de multinacionais estrangeiras instaladas na economia brasileira. Tal modelo buscou identificar, nesse processo de escolha estratégica entre investimentos greenfield e aquisições, a influência dos fatores ligados à firma, ao setor de atuação e às características específicas dos países de origem do IDE e do mercado hospedeiro brasileiro. Os resultados obtidos pela pesquisa mostram que o tamanho e o grau de autonomia da firma subsidiária estrangeira, o setor de atuação desta firma, o nível de atividade econômica do setor de destino, o risco do país hospedeiro (Brasil) e, ainda, as distâncias culturais e institucionais entre os países de origem do IDE e o Brasil foram estatisticamente significativas para explicar a escolha da forma de estabelecimento deste investimento estrangeiro na economia brasileira. Para averiguar de que forma as condições iniciais e a capacidade de absorção do IDE pela economia brasileira influenciaram os efeitos deste investimento externo sobre o crescimento econômico do país, no período de 1996 a 2014, foram feitas estimações com base no modelo VAR estrutural. Os principais resultados obtidos indicam que, para o ingresso de IDE alcançar um efeito positivo sobre o crescimento do produto interno bruto (PIB) brasileiro, é necessário que sejam atingidos níveis adequados das condições locais de infraestrutura, qualidade do ambiente institucional e desenvolvimento do capital humano. / Three essays on foreign direct investment in Brazil. Adisor: Leonardo Bornacki de Mattos. In recent decades, especially since 1990, the world economy underwent rapid changes that allowed an unprecedented economic integration. In the globalized economy, foreign direct investment (FDI) plays an important role in the modernization of emerging countries, and the factors that explain why transnational corporations are directed, through FDI flows, to a certain country or region remains a matter of debate. In this context, considering the evolution scenario of foreign direct investment inflow in the Brazilian economy, the institutional peculiarities of Brazil and its investment partners, and the potential effects of FDI on the domestic economy, there are three main issues to be investigated: what are the effects exerted by the quality of the institutional environment and its heterogeneity on FDI inflows in Brazil? As transnational factors, aspects of the firm and the sector have impacted the establishment mode choice of FDI in the national economy? What is the impact of foreign direct investment inflow on the growth of national economic activity, taking into account the absorption capacity of this investment by the Brazilian economy? To evaluate how the quality of the institutional environment and its heterogeneity has affected the entry of FDI in the Brazilian market in the period 1996-2012, estimation of a gravity equation for the flow of foreign investments to Brazil and from its 31 major investment partners were held. The results of this analysis showed that the volume of incoming foreign investment in Brazil is positively affected by the quality of the socio-political and economic-financial institutional environment between the countries of origin and Brazil. Moreover, the economic and financial institutional heterogeneity proved to be negatively related to the inflow of the foreign capital. In the case of research about the factors that influence the establishment mode choice of the FDI in Brazil, an analytical model was elaborated with data for a sample of 160 subsidiaries of foreign multinationals in the Brazilian economy. This model sought to identify, in this process of strategic choice between greenfield investments and acquisitions, the influence of factors related to the firm, the sector of activity and the specific characteristics of the FDI home countries and the Brazilian host market. The results obtained from the study suggest that the size and degree of autonomy of the foreign subsidiary company, the business sector of this firm, the level of economic activity of the target sector, the risk of the host country (Brazil) and also the cultural and institutional distances between the FDI home countries and Brazil were statistically significant in explaining the establishment mode choice of this foreign investment in the Brazilian economy. To evaluate how the initial conditions and the FDI absorption capacity by the Brazilian economy influenced the effects of this foreign investment on economic growth, in the period from 1996 to 2014, estimates were made based on structural VAR model. The main results indicate that for the FDI inflow reach a positive effect on gross domestic product growth (GDP) is necessary to achieve appropriate levels of the local conditions of infrastructure, quality of the institutional environment and developing human capital.

Submitted by Paulo Junior (paulo.jr@fgv.br) on 2010-05-26T20:24:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Kim-Andre.pdf: 505337 bytes, checksum: 6650837d7123394777b796edc60d86b7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Paulo Junior(paulo.jr@fgv.br) on 2010-05-26T20:24:23Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Kim-Andre.pdf: 505337 bytes, checksum: 6650837d7123394777b796edc60d86b7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2010-05-27T13:52:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Kim-Andre.pdf: 505337 bytes, checksum: 6650837d7123394777b796edc60d86b7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-02-10 / With more and more business being done between Brazil and Norway we are seeing an increasing number of expatriates from Norway moving to Brazil!to work. Most!are!related!to!the!oil!and!gas!industries.!With!the!two!cultures,! countries!and!backgrounds!being!so!different!what!are!some!of!the!issues!and! challenges!that!arise? Using!existing!literature!as!well!as!faceRtoRface!interviews!of!Norwegian! expatriates!working!in!Rio!de!Janeiro!this!thesis!tries!to!compare!the!two! countries!and!at!the!same!time!explore!some!of!these!potential!issues.!The! research!focuses!on!differences!in!trust,!negotiation!style,!planning,!organization,! conflict!as!well!as!general!cultural!challenges. Analysis!of!the!responses!shows!that!for!some!issues!there!are!no!clear!problems! or!challenges!but!for!others!there!are.!Specifically!the!treatment!of!time!and!the! general!timeliness!in!Brazilian!society!seems!to!be!a!challenge!for!Norwegian! expatriates.!Secondly!and!equally!as!challenging!is!the!hierarchical!way!of! organizing!businesses!in!Brazil!compared!to!the!flatter!structure!found!in! Norwegian!businesses.!With!the!hierarchy!comes!also!bureaucracy,!another! factor!that!the!subjects!in!this!thesis!found!to!be!difficult!to!deal!with. The!thesis!is!divided!into!6!chapters!starting!with!'introduction',!followed!by! chapter!2!'Literature!review'.!Chapter!3!is!'Research!Methodology'!followed!by! chapter!4!'Data!presentation'.!Finally!the!results!are!discussed!in!chapter!5! 'Analysis!and!discussion' and!concluded!in!chapter!6.

Submitted by Marcia Bacha (marcia.bacha@fgv.br) on 2011-04-12T19:24:34Z No. of bitstreams: 1 000100597.pdf: 6870686 bytes, checksum: c400a0bbf2994fae4e8ee5c22c70e82a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marcia Bacha(marcia.bacha@fgv.br) on 2011-04-13T17:45:25Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 000100597.pdf: 6870686 bytes, checksum: c400a0bbf2994fae4e8ee5c22c70e82a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2011-04-13T17:45:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 000100597.pdf: 6870686 bytes, checksum: c400a0bbf2994fae4e8ee5c22c70e82a (MD5) Previous issue date: 1972-11