Doctor Educationis / This thesis will investigate the narrative approach to moral formation by comparing the narrative paradigm as espoused by James H. Cone and Stanley Hauerwas and will apply the findings to post-Apartheid South Africa. I am interested in the extent to which the principles of modernity forms part of the society and the shaping of morality, yet the thesis does not focus on modernity, but on narrative as ideal ethical framework for moral formation. This thesis will look at community, narrative and agency through Stanley Hauerwas’ notion of virtue and James H. Cone’s views of black theology and oppression as means for narrative informed moral formation. This thesis is divided into three major parts. First; an investigation into narrative which includes the arguments made against modernity, narrative and history as it pertains to moral formation and how narrative is understood. Second; James H. Cone and Stanley Hauerwas’ views on narrative and moral formation followed by closer look at Cone and Hauerwas and the critiques of their views. Third; contextualising the findings in a South African context by using the findings in conjunction with South African scholars. The aims are to investigate if moral reform is possible by means of narrative ethics through justice; by means of reconciliation and transformation.

Les collections anatomiques de la tête et du cou correspondent à l’ensemble de pièces issues des musées archéologiques ou de sciences naturelles regroupées à des fins d’études. Le statut de ces collections est ambigu car il s’agit de restes humains mais également de pièces muséographiques. L’objectif de cette thèse est donc de montrer l’intérêt scientifique de l’étude de ces collections grâce à un corpus d’articles, et d’aborder les enjeux éthiques et les textes juridiques qui encadrent ces prélèvements.L’étude scientifique des restes humains de la tête et du cou permet l’amélioration de nos connaissances de l’histoire naturelle des maladies : épidémiologie, co-infections, évolutions des pratiques médico-chirurgicales. Cette thèse confirme que nous ne pouvons pas dénaturer ou détruire ces collections dans le simple but scientifique et que la mise à disposition scientifique du cadavre humain est loin d’être acceptée par tous. Il faut d’une part mettre en place et rendre acceptable statutairement la recherche en science fondamentale sur des restes humains et légaliser la constitution de collections permettant de faire progresser la recherche. Les dispositions de la loi relative aux collections d’échantillons biologiques humains ne s’appliquent pas de façon explicite aux collections à visée pédagogique ni aux collections muséologiques à caractère historique. A l’heure actuelle, chaque institution a le pouvoir de faire vivre ou non ces collections, soit avec une attitude plutôt conservatrice en limitant les études, soit plutôt dynamique en promouvant les recherches sur ces pièces. Forcé d’admettre qu’il y a peu d’attention portée à ces collections ; sans actions elles conduiront à l’abandon, mais s’intéresser aux morts c’est avant tout chercher à comprendre le vivant et avoir une meilleure connaissance de ce que nous sommes. Ces collections permettent de transmettre un héritage à nos descendants et nous avons un rôle de gardien vis à vis d’elles.On le voit, statuer en la matière est pour l’instant impossible. Il existe une richesse et une multiplicité des situations, chaque cas est unique et avec son propre parcours. Il n’est donc pas possible d’envisager une prise en charge idéale, et seule une collégialité d’experts peut permettre de décider du devenir de ces restes ou de prendre position vis à vis de leur exploitation scientifique, dans le respect des lois de bioéthiques et de la personne humaine en générale. La mise en place d’un réseau national avec la mise en place de partenariats et d’échanges est l’une des clefs des succès à venir. / The various sets of anatomical collections of the head and neck region are housed in either archaeological or natural science museums. The status of these collections is ambiguous because they are both human remains and also important museum pieces.The objective of this thesis is to demonstrate the scientific interest of the study of these collections through of several articles, and to address the ethical issues and legal contexts that surround these samples.The scientific study of the human remains of the head and neck allows the improvement of our knowledge of the natural history of diseases: epidemiology, co-infections, and the evolution of medical-surgical practices. This thesis confirms that we cannot denature or destroy these collections given their important scientific purpose and the fact that the scientific disposal of the human corpse is far from being accepted by all. On the one hand, it is necessary to establish and render statistically acceptable research in basic science on human remains and legalize the constitution of collections to advance research The provisions of the law relating to the collection of human biological samples does not exist and do not explicitly apply to educational collections or historical museum collections. At present, each institution has the power to display or hide these collections, either having a rather conservative attitude by limiting studies, or rather dynamic by promoting research on these pieces. Forced to admit that there is little attention paid to these collections; without actions they will lead to abandonment, but to be interested in the dead is above all to try to understand the living and to have a better knowledge of what we are, where we come from and where we are headed. These collections make it possible to transmit an inheritance to our descendants and we have been bestowed the role of guardian.However, the matter is for the moment almost impossible. There is a wealth and multiplicity of situations, each case is unique. It is therefore not possible to come up with a universal management plan, and only a collegiality of experts can make it possible to decide the future of these remains or to take a stand with respect to their scientific exploitation, in the respect of the laws of bioethics. The establishment of a national network along with the establishment of partnerships is one of the keys to ensure future growth and success.

The diploma work addresses the application of ethical code into banking. It deals with business ethic and ethical code of Československá obchodní banka, Inc. The thesis analyses the original ethical code of the bank and engages in the implementation of the new ethical code which includes, among others, “The Whistle Blowing Policy”. The diploma work brings a cross-sectional survey of the employees of Československá obchodní banka, Inc. about their awareness and ability to fulfil the principles of the ethical code. The bank was recommended possible solutions based on the results of the survey.

À partir de la chute physique d'un patient, qui survient dans un service hospitalier, nous nous interrogeons sur les actions soignantes, qui vampirisées par la prévention, et par les soins codifiés, techniques, mettent ce moment entre parenthèse. Et pourtant, il nous semble que ce moment condense à lui seul l'existence. L'asymétrie ici est criante entre le soignant debout et le patient au sol ; autour de cet incident, qu'est la chute, le soin peut prendre tout son sens. Cette situation serait comme une mi-parabole de la relation soignant - soigné. Nous souhaitons aborder la chute, le vécu du patient, celui du soignant, de la position administrative, et ce qu’elle peut susciter dans un service. Le lien entre les soins infirmiers et la chute physique est ici bien concret, mais nous servira de tremplin pour élargir sur une autre Chute. Notre cheminement est de partir d’une situation concrète, et de faire focus sur certains aspects : le silence soudain lorsque les soignants entendent le bruit de la chute, sans réellement savoir que c’est d’une chute dont il s’agit, le temps passé au sol et dans la solitude, et peut-être la crainte du patient, les efforts physiques et du patient et du soignant pour la mise au lit, la gêne, la honte souvent de celui qui est tombé… en rythmant ce travail avec des témoignages de soignants et patients. La bibliographie présentée traite de l’hôpital- prison (Foucault), lorsqu’il s’agit de contentionner la personne sous prétexte de sécurité, sur l’Événement (Hannah Arendt et Derrida) pour approfondir ce terme clef 'Evénement' par les cellules qualité des institutions hospitalières : « événement indésirable » pour la chute d’un patient … qui est événement révélateur : la chute est ce moment où l'on perd son éminence parce qu'une vérité est révélée, au lieu de rester cachée à l'intérieur de soi. Cette éminence était donc fausse ? Ou bien pourrait-elle être, à l'inverse, révélée dans cette chute ? / The initial question came to my mind when I saw a patient fall physically in a hospital ward. This sighting made me wonder about the nurses’ pursuant actions, who over-laden by strict prevention rules, coded medical acts and techniques, put this particular moment on hold. And yet, it seems that this very instant alone summarizes the essence of our existence. Asymmetry here is striking: the nurse standing and the patient lying on de floor. In that case i.e. the fall, care becomes meaningful. This could create a half-parabolic situation in the caregiver-patient relationship. I am going to broach the phenomenon of fall, examine the patient’s and the carer’s life experiences, administrative rules and how these rules impact a ward’s activities. The link between nursing care and physical fall is very concrete here, but it will also serve a springboard for an opening onto another fall. My unfolding is set as follows : Start out from a concrete situation, focus on some aspects e.g. the nurses’ hush after hearing the noise of the fall trying to find out what made that noise; the length of time past, the solitude while lying on the floor, the fear the patient may have, physical efforts on both sides, to get the patient back in bed; the feeling of embarrassment and the shame the fallen ones often have. Eventually, I punctuate this work by evoking both patients’ and nurses’ accounts and testimonies in the subject. The bibliography presented in this paper is about subjects such as hospital, prison (Foucault) when it comes to restraining the patient on the account of security. Furthermore, event (Hannah Arendt and Derrida) in order to examine the key term EVENT in more detail by the quality cells of hospital institutions: “Undesired/Unwanted fall” to refer to a patient’s fall. It is a revealing event insofar as the fall causes the person to lose his/her eminence due to an unveiled truth impeding him/her to stay hidden inside his/herself. Has this eminence been false then ? Or, conversely, could that fall reveal it ?

Pour la présente thèse, le leadership est la combinaison de pouvoir et d’autorité, l’un pouvant aller sans l’autre, mais la présence des deux étant nécessaire pour parler de leadership.Le pouvoir est au centre de la personne humaine depuis toujours et nous sommes tous hypersensibles au leadership.Au sein de la vaste mutation anthropologique que nous vivons, le leadership est le chainon central entre l’individualisation des personnes et celle des organisations. Les exigences de la personne (dans son individualisation) et de l’entreprise (dans son développement) ne convergent pas : exigence de respect et d’humanisation d’une part, exigence d’efficacité de l’autre. Seul le leadership peut faire converger ces deux tendances.Les théories sur l’entreprise d’une part, sur le leadership de l’autre, sont le plus souvent influencées par des doctrines non scientifiques. Les concepts pour étudier le leadership sont pétris d’une vision libératrice de la personne, qui reflète peut-être davantage les choix de la communauté académique (droite et gauche confondues) que les réalités et ses challenges, si difficiles à relever.Le leadership est en besoin d’approfondissements culturels, notamment philosophiques. Ainsi, la notion de pouvoir privé n’a guère retenu l’attention, à la différence des pouvoirs publics.La complexité - et l’importance pour l’humanité - des questions traitées par les dirigeants et les autres acteurs des organisations appellent un travail pour développer une culture du leadership, tant au niveau de la personne que pour en faire une culture partagée au niveau de l’organisation, afin que le leadership devienne encore davantage le cœur de la culture d’entreprise. / In this thesis, leadership means the addition of power with authority. One of them may come without the other, but both are necessary to be a real leadership.Power has ever been in the heart of human beings, and all of us are oversensitive to leadership.In the current huge anthropological transformations, leadership is the central link between the individualization of the persons and the individualization of the companies. The requirements of the person (for her individualization) and of the company (for its development) don’t converge. On one side, a need for respect and humanization ; on the other, a need for more efficiency. A convergence of these tendencies can result only from a good leadership.Theories on companies, on one hand, on leadership, on the other, are most often influenced by non scientific ideas or ideologies. Concepts for the study of leadership are structured by a profound wish to free and to develop people, which exists probably more in the Academic community’s major philosophies that in realities and day-to-day life, with all their so difficult challenges.Leadership needs cultural deepenings, in particular from a philosophical point of view. For instance, the notion of private power has not been really studied, unlike the notion of public powers.The complexity - and the importance for all of us - of the leaders and other participants’ agendas need working to develop a personal leadership culture as well as a shared leadership culture in each organization, so that leadership could become the heart of the corporate culture.

This diploma thesis is working with the method of grounded theory and aims by means of interdisciplinary synthesis contributing to the enrichment of values for researchers practicing the method of oral history, who's become its current representatives. Diploma thesis that is based on the premise that connection of historical sciences and psychologies or practical psychotherapy (which have a certain ethical-moral appeal and have a broader knowledge of the human soul) could be enriching for the practice of oral history. Research of psychological and psychotherapeutic approaches to the practice of oral history is not just a theoretical self-synthesis, but the work is enriched by practical experiences from clinical practice of auxiliary specialists (psychologists and therapists), who were asked about theoretical questions firstly, then about few questions about trauma presence in typical interviews with four narrator. Narrator`s participate in project "Memory of the Nation" and it is possible to assume potential existence of trauma inside them - looking at their life experiences. Uncut version of the material - without proofreading contains the potential inventions of the interviewers. One of the starting point of the work is that part of the population met with trauma (means a strong stressor) in...

Due to digitalization, e-commerce and online presence is something most of us take for granted. Companies are moving more towards an internet-based arena of sales, rather than traditional commerce in physical stores. This development has led to that firms’ choses to market themselves through various online channels such as social media. Big data is our digital DNA that we leave behind on every part of the internet that we utilize. Big data has become an international commodity that can be sold, stored and used. The authors of this thesis have investigated the way international firms extract and use big data to construct customized marketing for their customers. This thesis has also examined the ethical perspective of how this commodity is handled and used, and people’s perception regarding the matter. This is interesting to investigate since very few researches has been previously conducted combining big data usage with ethics. To accomplish the aim of this thesis, significant theory has been reviewed and accounted for. Also, a qualitative research has been conducted, where two large companies that are working closely with big data has been investigated through a case-study. The authors have also conducted six semi-structured interviews with people between the age of 20-30 years old. The outcome of this thesis shows the importance of implementing ethics within the concept and usage of big data and provide insight into the mind of the consumer that has been lacking in previous research of this subject.

This thesis is concerned with twenty-four hours for elderly family members from the perspective of the primary caregiver. The aim of this work is the understanding of home care, not as an isolated activity usually practiced by women in the private sphere, but as an aktivity, which is affected family relationships or deciding provide/not provide home care etc. For this reason I used as the theoretical basis of this work feminist ethics of care, which does not care define "natural" / spontaneous female activity, and enable to reveal the gender line of care. That is the main topic of this thesis. For a deeper understanding of the phenomenon of home care I used biographical interview. It's main characteristic is the emphasis on stories from participants, which was an important aspect that helped me put the care in a broader social context Key words: home care, feminist ethic of care, biographical interviews.

TITLE: The Moral Dimension of Marriage in Young Adults AUTHOR: Alena Pikhartová DEPARTMENT: Department of Psychology SUPERVISOR: PhDr. Miroslav Klusák, CSc. ABSTRACT: The presented thesis is based on a study of moral psychology and its methodological tradition, particularly on Gilligan's morality of care. The marriage has become a subject of this research. The main source of the empirical data are interviews about the Wedding dilemma and following interviews about this topic. The aim of the research is to mediate an insight into young adults' reasoning about moral dilemmatic situations, that deal with a wedding and setting up the family, and to uncover a moral dimension of the marriage. This study is a contribution to the theories of morality, to the discussion about the acceptance and the rejection of the marriage, and to the discussion about moral dimmension of the marriage. According to my findings (and by using my methodological procedures) it is possible to find a difference in reasoning between married and unmarried respondents. The moral dimension of the marriage is consisted in the possibility of hurting the others in the case, that partners don't concur in the question of the marriage. One or the other is pressed (in this case into the marriage), or must renounce his or her needs. An...

The Main goal of this thesis is the comparison of fates of the Jewish heroes in the Second world war. I will compare five selected proses written by Arnost Lustig. My focus will be on the fates of the Jewish women during the second world war and how this extreme experience affected their characters and moral believes. The source of the thesis will be the listed primary literature, which was selected to show the uniqueness and individuality of so strong experience, which the second world war and holocaust definitely was. Concurrently, it demonstrates the fact that under influence of their shared fate, are the heroes of the stories in many ways very similar. I will also focus on the questions regarding the dignity and morality and how the Jewish woman deals with their lost of personal and life assurances.