Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:16:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ZeniaTSA.pdf: 2203800 bytes, checksum: fb7cdbfe3ba9fd8e6e1ad79faedff016 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-07-31 / Physical Exercise (PE) is a necessary component in the management in COPD patients, where respiratory symptoms are associated with reduced functional capacity. Even with the increase in the number of studies that have been published and the therapeutics success using aquatic therapy approach, studies using PE in water in COPD patients are so few. Objective: the aim of this present study was to analyze the effects of low intensity water exercise in COPD patients, developed in two different places aquatic and ground. Methods: This is a randomized clinical trial study, 42 patients with moderate to very severe DPOC were recruited for the study, mean age of 63,2 ? 10,9 years old. Randomized in 3 groups: Control Group (CG), Land Group (LG) and Water Group (WG). The PE protocol was performed in a period of 8 weeks, with frequency of 3 times per week. The CG participated in an educational program. All the patients were assessed twice through spirometry, respiratory muscular strength, the 6-min walk test, the quality of life (SF-36 and SGRQ), the LCADL, the MRC, the BODE index and the upper limbs (UP) incremental test. Results: There was a significant difference after the approaches in DP6 from the WG (p=0,02); in VEF1 in LG (p=0,00) and WG (p=0,01); in MIP in LG (p=0,01) and WG (p=0,02); in MEP in LG (p=0,02) and WG (p=0,01); the MRC decreases in WG (p=0,00). there was an increase of the weight supported by the UP in LG (p=0,00) and WG (p=0,01). The LG showed an increase of the quality of life represented by the SGRQ total score (p=0,00). The BODE index decreased in LG (p=0,00) and WG (p=0,01). In LCDAL, the LG showed a decrease. Conclusion: This data in this present study suggest that both approaches of low intensity exercise showed to be beneficial in moderate to very severe COPD patients. The WG showed additional benefits in physical function, pointing to a new therapeutic modality for COPD patients / Introdu??o: O exerc?cio f?sico (EF) ? um componente necess?rio no manejo de pacientes com DPOC, nos quais os sintomas respirat?rios est?o associados ? diminui??o da capacidade funcional. Mesmo com aumento observado na quantidade de estudos e sucessos terap?uticos relacionados ao meio aqu?tico, trabalhos envolvendo o EF neste meio em pacientes com DPOC s?o incomuns. Objetivo: avaliar o impacto do exerc?cio f?sico de baixa intensidade na DPOC, desenvolvido em diferentes meios - aqu?tico e solo. M?todos: ensaio cl?nico randomizado, com 42 indiv?duos com DPOC moderada a muito grave, idade m?dia de 63,2 ? 10,9 anos. Alocados em 3 grupos: Grupo Controle (GC), Grupo Solo (GS) e Grupo Aqu?tico (GA). O protocolo de EF foi realizado durante 8 semanas, com frequ?ncia de 3 vezes por semana. O GC participou do programa educacional. Em dois momentos, todos os pacientes foram avaliados atrav?s da espirometria, da for?a muscular respirat?ria, do teste de caminhada de seis minutos, da qualidade de vida (SF-36 e SGRQ), da LCADL, da MRC, do ?ndice BODE e do teste incremental para os membros superiores (MMSS). Resultados: observou-se diferen?a ap?s interven??o na DP6 do GA (p=0,02); no VEF1 no GS (p=0,00) e GA (p=0,01); na Pim?x do GS (p=0,01) e GA (p=0,02); na Pemax do GS (p=0,02) e GA (p=0,01); a MRC diminui no GA (p=0,00). Houve aumento da carga sustentada pelos MMSS no GS (p=0,00) e GA (p=0,01). O GS apresentou melhoria na qualidade de vida representada pela pontua??o total do SGRQ (p=0,00). O ?ndice BODE diminui no GS (p=0,00) e GA (p=0,01). Na LCDAL, o GS revelou diminui??o. Conclus?o: Os resultados encontrados no presente estudo sugerem que as ambas modalidades de EF de baixa intensidade mostraram ser ben?ficas para pacientes com DPOC moderada e muito grave. O GA mostrou benef?cios adicionais na capacidade f?sica, apontando para uma nova modalidade terap?utica para os pacientes DPOC

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:16:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AlineMCF_DISSERT.pdf: 1723122 bytes, checksum: 0a4e97f29c8c006b640688fc375b18da (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-28 / The reduction of physiological capacity present in the process of aging causes a marked decline in lung function. The exercise does promote several positive changes in the physical health of people and protect the cardiorespiratory function. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a program of Pilates exercices on the strengh and electrical activity of respiratory muscles of elderly. This is a randomized, controlled clinical trial, evaluating 33 elderly aged 65 and 80 (70.88 ? 4.32), healthy, sedentary, without cognitive impairment and able the practice physical activity. The sample was divided into two groups, one experimental group with 16 elderly women who did Pilates exercises and a control group (17) that was not submitted to the exercises, but received educational booklets on aging and health care. The elderly were evaluated initially and after a period of three months, taking into account the Maximal Inspiratory Pressure (MIP) and Maximal Expiratory Pressure (MEP), obtained by Manovacuometry and intensity of EMG activity was measured using the values of Root Mean Square (RMS) for the diaphragm and rectus abdominis muscles, during the course of diaphragmatic breathing and MIP maneuver. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 17.0. For all tests, we used a significance level or p value < 0.05 and confidence interval 95%. RMS in diaphragm and rectus abdominis muscles in both tests increased, but the data were significant for the rectus abdominis during diaphragmatic breathing (p = 0.03) and the diaphragm during the MIP maneuver (p = 0.01). There was no significant variation of the MIP and MEP. Pilates exercises were responsible for increasing the electrical activation of the diaphragm and rectus abdominis muscles in a group of healthy elderly, but had no influence on changes in strength of respiratory muscles / A deteriora??o das fun??es fisiol?gicas est?o ligadas ao decl?nio do desempenho f?sico dos indiv?duos idosos. O exerc?cio promove altera??es positivas na sa?de, incluindo benef?cios cardiorrespirat?rios e aperfei?oamento do desempenho muscular e funcional, sendo fator de desacelera??o ou revers?o de preju?zos causados pelo envelhecimento. O M?todo Pilates ? muito utilizado na pr?tica cl?nica visando promover o reequil?brio muscular com exerc?cios que d?o ?nfase ao powerhouse, exigindo que o indiv?duo mantenha a mente concentrada no n?cleo do corpo o tempo todo, atrav?s da respira??o. Apesar da grande popularidade do m?todo, h? car?ncia de estudos cient?ficos com aplica??o na Fisioterapia e com abordagens cinesiol?gica, fisiol?gica e/ou biomec?nica, em especial envolvendo os m?sculos respirat?rios. O objetivo foi investigar os efeitos de um programa de exerc?cios de Pilates sobre a for?a e atividade el?trica dos m?sculos respirat?rios de idosas. Foram avaliadas 33 idosas saud?veis, sedent?rias, sem defici?ncia cognitiva e aptas ? pr?tica de exerc?cio f?sico e divididas em 2 grupos, Controle (n=17), que recebeu cartilhas educativas com orienta??es sobre envelhecimento e sa?de e Experimental (n=16), que al?m das cartilhas, passou por um programa de 24 sess?es de exerc?cios de Mat Pilates. As idosas foram avaliadas inicialmente e ap?s um per?odo de tr?s meses, levando-se em conta as medidas das press?es respirat?rias est?ticas m?ximas (PIm?x e PEm?x) e o RMS dos m?sculos diafragma e reto abdominal em dois testes diferentes. Foi utilizado o teste T de Student para compara??o entre os grupos e adotado um n?vel de signific?ncia p valor < 0,05 e intervalo de confian?a de 95%. A idade m?dia foi de 70,88 anos (?4,32). O RMS aumentou nos dois m?sculos avaliados em ambos os testes, por?m os dados foram significativos para o reto abdominal durante a respira??o diafragm?tica (p = 0,03) e para o diafragma durante a manobra de PIm?x (p = 0,01). N?o houve varia??o significativa dos valores de for?a. Os exerc?cios de Pilates alteraram a atividade el?trica, mas n?o tiveram influ?ncia na for?a dos m?sculos respirat?rios num grupo de idosas saud?veis

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:16:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CatharinneACF_DISSERT.pdf: 1480127 bytes, checksum: c5db0b97f06f1894f01c49765400729e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-07-06 / Pulmonary Rehabilitation, especially due to aerobic exercise, positive impact in reducing morbidity/mortality of patients with COPD, however the economic impact with costs of implementing simple programs of aerobic exercise are scarce. This is a blind randomized clinical trials, which aimed to evaluate the costs and benefits of a simple program of aerobic exercise in individuals with COPD, considering the financial costs of the Public Health System and its secondary endpoints. We evaluated lung function, the distance walked during six minutes of walking, the respiratory and peripheral muscle strength, quality of life related to health (QLRH), body composition and level of activity of daily living (ADL) before and after eight weeks of an aerobic exercise program consisting of educational guidance for both groups, control and intervention and supervised walks to the intervention group. The health costs generated in both groups were calculated following table Brazilian Public Health System. The sample consisted of forty patients, two being excluded in the initial phase of desaturation during the walk test six minutes. Were randomized into control and intervention group thirty-eight patients, three were excluded from the control group and one was excluded from the intervention group. At the end, thirty-four COPD comprised the sample, 16 in the control group and 18 in the intervention group (FEV1: 50.9 ? 14% pred and FEV1: 56 ? 0.5% pred, respectively). After for intervention, the intervention group showed improvement in meters walked, the sensation of dyspnea and fatigue at work, BODE index (p <0.01) in QLRH, ADL level (p <0.001) as well as increased strength lower limbs (p <0.05). The final cost of the program for the intervention group was R $ 148.75, including: assessments, hiking supervised by a physiotherapist and reassessments. No patient had exacerbation of IG, while 2 patients in the CG exacerbated, generating an average individual cost of R $ 689.15. The aerobic exercises in the form of walking showed significant clinical benefits and economic feasibility of its implementation, due to low cost and easy accessibility for patients, allowing them to add their daily practice of aerobic exercises / A Reabilita??o Pulmonar, especialmente devido aos exerc?cios aer?bios, impacta positivamente na redu??o da morbidade/mortalidade do paciente com DPOC, entretanto o impacto econ?mico com custos de da implementa??o de programas simples de exerc?cios aerobios s?o escassos. Trata-se de um ensaio cl?nico aleat?rio controlado cego, que objetivou avaliar os custos e os benef?cios de um programa simples de exerc?cios aer?bios em indiv?duos com DPOC, considerando os custos financeiros do Sistema P?blico de Sa?de e seus desfechos secund?rios. Foram avaliadas a fun??o pulmonar, a dist?ncia percorrida no teste da caminhada dos 6 minutos, a for?a muscular respirat?ria e perif?rica, a qualidade de vida relacionada ? sa?de (QVRS), a composi??o corporal e o n?vel de atividade de vida di?ria (AVD) antes e ap?s oito semanas de um programa de exerc?cios aer?bicos composto por de orienta??es educacionais para ambos os grupos, controle e interven??o e caminhadas supervisionadas para o grupo interven??o. Os custos sanit?rios gerados em ambos os grupos foram calculados seguindo tabela do Sistema de Sa?de P?blico Brasileiro. A amostra foi composta por quarenta pacientes, sendo dois exclu?dos na fase inicial por dessatura??o durante o teste de caminhada de seis minutos. Foram aleatorizados em grupo controle e grupo interven??o trinta e oito pacientes, sendo que tr?s foram exclu?dos do grupo controle e um foi exclu?do do grupo interven??o. Ao final, trinta e quatro DPOC compuseram a amostra, 16 no grupo controle e 18 no grupo interven??o (VEF1: 50.9 ? 14 %pred e VEF1: 56 ? 0.5 %pred, respectivamente). Ap?s para interven??o, o grupo interven??o apresentou melhora nos metros caminhados, na sensa??o de dispneia e fadiga, no trabalho realizado, ?ndice de BODE (p<0.01), na QVRS, no n?vel de AVD (p<0.001) al?m de incremento da for?a dos membros inferiores (p<0.05). O custo final do programa para o grupo interven??o foi de R$ 148.75, incluindo: avalia??es, caminhadas supervisionadas por um fisioterapeuta e as reavalia??es. Nenhum paciente do GI apresentou exacerba??o, enquanto no GC 2 pacientes exacerbaram, gerando um custo individual m?dio de R$ 689.15. Os exerc?cios aer?bios na modalidade de caminhadas demonstraram significantes benef?cios cl?nicos e a viabilidade econ?mica de sua implementa??o, devido ao baixo custo e de f?cil acessibilidade para os pacientes, permitindo que estes possam adicionar as suas atividades di?rias a pr?tica de exerc?cios aer?bios

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:16:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LianeBM_DISSERT.pdf: 2657175 bytes, checksum: 697315a6a5057be81e8e63dbfed5fef4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-12-18 / Exercise-induced muscle damage mainly affects individuals who returned to physical activity after a time without practicing it or had some kind of exhaustive exercise, particularly eccentric exercise. To evaluate the effect of cryotherapy and laser therapy in response to muscle damage induced by eccentric exercise on the biceps muscle. This was a randomized clinical trial consisting of 60 female subjects. All subjects initially underwent an evaluation consisting of perimetry, measurement of pain sensation (via algometry and visual analogue scale), electromyography and dynamometry. Then the subjects performed an exercise protocol on the isokinetic dynamometer consisting of 2 sets of 10 eccentric elbow flexors contraction at 60 ?/s. Completed this protocol, an intervention was held according to a previously random group distribution: control group (no intervention), cryotherapy group and laser therapy group. Finally, subjects were re-evaluated immediately and 48 hours after the intervention protocol, except for Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), which was also evaluated 24 hours after exercise. The circumference of the limb, the pain sensation (VAS and algometry), the muscle activation amplitude (via Root Mean Square - RMS), median frequency, peak torque normalized per body weight, average peak torque, power and work were analyzed. The median frequency immediately after the intervention protocol on the cryotherapy group was the only variable that showed inter and intra-group differences; the remaining variables showed only intragroup differences. The perimetry values did not change immediately after the protocol on the groups which underwent cryotherapy and laser therapy, however, there was an increase after 48 hours; algometry values decreased in all groups for 48 hours and the VAS values increased 24 and 48 hours also for all groups. Regarding RMS no significant change was observed. For dynamometry, peak torque normalized per body weight and average peak torque had a similar behavior, with a reduction in the post protocol that has remained after 48 hours. For the power and work, a decrease was observed immediately after the protocol with a further reduction after 48 hours. Cryotherapy and laser therapy does not alter the muscle damage response, except for the perimetry values immediately after exercise. / Contextualiza??o: O dano muscular induzido pelo exerc?cio afeta principalmente indiv?duos que retornaram ? atividade f?sica ap?s um tempo sem pratic?-la ou realizaram algum tipo de exerc?cio exaustivo, principalmente exerc?cios exc?ntricos. Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito da crioterapia e da laserterapia na resposta ao dano muscular induzido pelo exerc?cio exc?ntrico no m?sculo b?ceps braquial. Metodologia: Trata-se de um ensaio cl?nico e randomizado composto por 60 sujeitos do sexo feminino. Todos foram submetidos inicialmente a uma avalia??o composta por perimetria, mensura??o da sensa??o dolorosa (por meio de algometria e escala visual anal?gica), eletromiografia e dinamometria. Em seguida as volunt?rias realizaram um protocolo de exerc?cio no dinam?metro isocin?tico composto de 2 s?ries de 10 contra??es exc?ntricas a 60?/s para os flexores de cotovelo. Finalizado o protocolo, foi realizada uma interven??o de acordo com o grupo previamente e aleatoriamente distribu?do: grupo controle (sem realizar interven??o), grupo crioterapia e grupo laserterapia. Por fim, os indiv?duos foram submetidos a reavalia??es imediatamente e 48 horas ap?s o protocolo de interven??o, exceto para Escala Visual Anal?gica (EVA), que tamb?m foi avaliada 24 horas ap?s o exerc?cio. Foram analisadas a circunfer?ncia do membro, a sensa??o dolorosa (EVA e algometria), a amplitude de ativa??o muscular (atrav?s do Root Mean Square-RMS), a frequ?ncia mediana, o pico de torque normalizado pelo peso corporal, o pico de torque m?dio, a pot?ncia e o trabalho. Resultados: A frequ?ncia mediana no p?s imediato do grupo crioterapia foi a ?nica vari?vel que apresentou diferen?a inter e intragrupo; as demais vari?veis analisadas s? apresentaram diferen?as intragrupo. Os valores da perimetria n?o se alteraram no p?s imediato para os grupos que realizaram crioterapia e laserterapia, no entanto, houve um aumento ap?s 48 horas; os valores da algometria reduziram nas 48h para todos os grupos e os da EVA aumentaram em 24 e 48 horas tamb?m para todos os grupos. Em rela??o ao RMS n?o foi observada altera??o significativa. Para dinamometria, o pico de torque normalizado pelo peso corporal e o pico de torque m?dio tiveram um comportamento similar, com uma redu??o no p?s imediato que se manteve ap?s 48 horas. J? para a pot?ncia e o trabalho, foi observada uma diminui??o nos valores do p?s imediato com uma nova redu??o ap?s 48 horas. Conclus?o: A crioterapia e a laserterapia n?o alteram a resposta ao dano muscular, exceto para os valores de perimetria imediatamente ap?s o exerc?cio

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2018-02-15T12:44:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DanielCostaDeSouza_DISSERT.pdf: 1625998 bytes, checksum: 824c5486dd368ffb01c3d3a1163f37f1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-02-19T21:26:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DanielCostaDeSouza_DISSERT.pdf: 1625998 bytes, checksum: 824c5486dd368ffb01c3d3a1163f37f1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-19T21:26:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DanielCostaDeSouza_DISSERT.pdf: 1625998 bytes, checksum: 824c5486dd368ffb01c3d3a1163f37f1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-10 / Introdu??o: O excesso de gordura corporal ? associado ? inflama??o cr?nica de baixo grau e uma maior incid?ncia de doen?as infecciosas. Estudos recentes, indicam que o exerc?cio intervalado de alta intensidade (EIAI) ? uma estrat?gia eficiente em fun??o do tempo para melhorar par?metros de sa?de de indiv?duos com obesidade. No entanto, pouco ? conhecido sobre o efeito de uma sess?o de EIAI no equil?brio de citocinas pro e anti-inflamat?rias em obesos. Objetivo: O objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar uma ?nica sess?o de EIAI e exerc?cio cont?nuo de moderada intensidade (ECMI) sobre os n?veis s?ricos de interferon-y (INF-y), interleucina 4 e 6 (IL-4) (IL-6) e INF-y/IL-4 em homens com obesidade. M?todos: Dez homens com obesidade (IMC>30 kg/m?) foram submetidos a tr?s sess?es experimentais com uma semana de intervalo em ordem aleat?ria: 1) EIAI: 10 x 60 s a 90% da FCm?x alternados por 60 s de recupera??o ativa; 2) ECMI: 20 min a 70% da FCmax; 3) Controle. As coletas de sangue para analisar os n?veis s?ricos de citocinas foram realizadas nos momentos pr?, p?s e 60 min ap?s as sess?es de exerc?cio ou controle. Os dados foram apresentados em m?dia ? DP. ANOVA fatorial com medidas repetidas e post hoc de Bonferoni foi utilizado para avaliar as diferen?as entre os momentos e condi??es de exerc?cio. O n?vel de signific?ncia aceito foi de P< 0.05. Resultados: O EIAI reduziu os n?veis de INF-y imediatamente ap?s o exerc?cio (41,09 ? 14,99; P=0,032) e 60 min ap?s o exerc?cio (43,45 ? 11,76; P=0,003) em rela??o ao pr?-exerc?cio (46,64 ? 13,14), ao mesmo tempo que promoveu aumento nos n?veis de IL-4 imediatamente ap?s o exerc?cio (36,47 ? 11,09; P=0,007) em rela??o ao pr?-exerc?cio (32,04 ? 8,5). O ECMI promoveu aumento nos n?veis de INF-y imediatamente ap?s o exerc?cio (47,48 ? 8,42; P=0,025) e 60 min ap?s o exerc?cio (50,13 ? 7,99; P=0,004) em rela??o ao valor pr?-exerc?cio (44,21 ? 8,11). Ambas as condi??es de exerc?cio aumentaram os n?veis de IL-6 at? 60 min ap?s o exerc?cio (P<0.05). A raz?o INF-Y/IL-4 reduziu imediatamente ap?s (1,24 ? 0,60; P=0,002) e 60 min ap?s o exerc?cio (1,32 ? 0,53; P=0,005) em rela??o ao pr?-exerc?cio (1,58 ? 0,64) apenas para o EIAI. Conclus?o: Uma sess?o de EIAI induziu um padr?o de resposta anti-inflamat?ria e est? associado a preju?zos na resposta imune intracelular contra pat?genos. Por outro lado, uma breve sess?o de ECMI induziu altera??es no padr?o de citocinas seguindo um padr?o pr?-inflamat?rio o que pode favorecer ? melhora da resposta imune intracelular em homens com obesidade. / Introduction: The excess of body fat is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation and high rates of infectious disease. Emerging evidences indicate that high intensity interval exercise (HIIE) is a time-efficient approach to promote health in obese population. However, little is known about the influence of HIIE on pro and anti-inflammatory cytokine balance in obesity. Purpose: Our purpose was to compare the acute effects of HIIE and moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICE) on cytokine levels, include interferon-y (INF-y), interleukin 4 and 6 (IL-4) (IL-6) levels and INF-y/IL-4 ratio in obese males. Methods: Ten obese males (BMI>30 kg/m?) were submitted into two experimental sessions with a week interval in a randomized order: 1) HIIE: 10 x 60 s at 90% of HRm?x interspersed by active recovery; 2) MICE: 20 min at 70% of HRmax;. Cytokines was analyzed before, immediately after and 60 min after-exercise. Data was presented in mean ? SD. ANOVA 2-way with repeated measures and post hoc Bonferoni was used to assess differences between moments and exercise conditions. Statistical significance was accepted at a p value of ? 0.05. Results: The HIIE results in decreased INF-Y levels immediately after-exercise (41,09 ? 4,74; P=0,032) and 60 min after-exercise (43,45 ? 3,72) (P=0,003) compared with before-exercise (46,64 ? 4,15), while an significant elevation in IL-4 levels was observed immediately after-exercise (36,47 ? 3,5) (P=0,007). The MICE results in increase of INF-Y levels after exercise (P=0,025) and 60 min post-exercise (P=0,004). Both exercise conditions results in increase of IL-6 levels after exercise (P<0.05). The INF-Y/IL-4 ratio decreases immediately after (P=0,002) and 60 min after-exercise (P=0,005) only for HIIE. Conclusion: HIIE induces imbalance in INF-Y/IL-4 ratio 60 min after exercise following an anti-inflammatory pattern. For other hand, MICE did not promote imbalance in INF-Y/IL-4 to 60 min after exercise in obese males.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-07-25T18:12:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Marimar Mayworm Beck.pdf: 2648068 bytes, checksum: c6ec41428f0e812cecccc4dbfc94a8e9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-25T18:12:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Marimar Mayworm Beck.pdf: 2648068 bytes, checksum: c6ec41428f0e812cecccc4dbfc94a8e9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-31 / Man and animals are constantly subjected to stress, which is a situation caused by a challenge to which a body is subjected. Despite the exercise be a powerful and relatively simple way of treating and preventing diseases, acute exercise is considered an effective tool to study the physiological responses to metabolic stress. Like other forms of stress, acute exercise induces neuroendocrine and autonomic responses characterized mainly by activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the sympathetic-adrenal system. Acupuncture is an ancient practice of Traditional Chinese Medicine, used to reduce stress responses in humans and animals. Therefore, the work suggests to study the effect of acute stimulation of acupuncture points on the physiological responses to progressive incremental exercise (PIE) in shelter dogs, by analysis of the variability of the cardiac interval (VIC), lactate and serum cortisol. It is noteworthy that the PIE is an exercise stress test recognized worldwide, that has been used in domestic animals and humans. The experimental procedures were performed in 16 dogs, mix breed, aged between 2 and 5 years, weighing 8-23 kg healthy with vaccinations and deworming updated and untrained to the treadmill. The dogs were subjected to an adaptation to the treadmil that consisted of 5 consecutive days of training 20 min each, with variable speeds (maximum of 5 km / h) and 5% inclination. On the day of the experiment the animals were divided into two groups: control (CTL only submitted to PIE) and acupuncture (treated with acupuncture before PIE). In ACUP group acupuncture needles were inserted into acupoints BP6, E36 and PC6 bilaterally for 20min. The PIE consisted in walking, followed by running in 5 km / h for 5 minutes, then gradually increase 0.5 km / h every 30 seconds, with inclination of 5%, until reaching exhaustion (abrupt stop or coordination loss during exercise). For the analysis of VIC, cardiac intervals were recorded by cardiac frequency meter (Polar); lactate and cortisol were analysed by spectrophotometer and radioimmunoassay, respectively. The EIP was able to significantly increase lactate levels, average HR, LF / HF ratio and LH and decrease the HF in the final three minutes of exercise demonstrating a greater activation of the sympathetic component in relation to the parasympathetic. However PIE was not able to induce significant increase of cortisol. No significant differences were detected between the acupuncture and control groups in any of the parameters analysed. We conclude that an acupuncture session immediately before the EIP was unable to significantly change the autonomic and endocrine responses induced by exercise. / Humanos e animais s?o constantemente submetidos ao estresse, que ? uma situa??o gerada por um desafio ao qual um organismo ? submetido. Apesar do exerc?cio f?sico ser uma forma poderosa e relativamente simples de tratamento e preven??o de doen?as, o exerc?cio agudo ? considerado uma ferramenta eficaz para estudar as respostas fisiol?gicas ao estresse metab?lico. Como outras formas de estresse, o exerc?cio agudo induz respostas neuroend?crinas e auton?micas caracterizadas principalmente pela a ativa??o do eixo hipot?lamo-hip?fise-adrenal e do sistema simpato adreno-medular. A acupuntura ? uma pr?tica milenar da Medicina Tradicional Chinesa, utilizada para reduzir as respostas de estresse em humanos e animais. Desta forma, o estudo prop?e estudar o efeito da estimula??o aguda de pontos de acupuntura nas respostas fisiol?gicas ao exerc?cio incremental progressivo (EIP) em c?es de canil, atrav?s da an?lise da variabilidade do intervalo card?aco (VIC), do lactato e do cortisol s?rico. Os procedimentos experimentais foram realizados em 16 c?es, sem ra?a definida, com idades entre 2 e 5 anos, pesando de 8 a 23 kg, clinicamente saud?veis, com vacinas e vermifuga??o em dia e destreinados ? esteira ergom?trica. Os c?es foram submetidos a um per?odo de adapta??o a esteira que consistiu de 5 dias de treino consecutivos de 20 min cada, com velocidades vari?veis (m?xima de 5 km/h) e 5% de inclina??o. No dia do experimento os animais foram divididos em dois grupos: controle (CTL, apenas submetidos ao EIP, n=8) e acupuntura (tratados com acupuntura antes do EIP, n=8). No grupo ACUP foram inseridas agulhas de acupuntura nos acupontos BP6, E36 e PC6 bilateralmente por 20min. O EIP consistiu de caminhada seguida de corrida de 5 km/h por 5 minutos, seguida de aumento gradual de 0,5 km/h a cada 30 segundos, com inclina??o de 5%, at? o alcance da exaust?o que foi considerada por meio de uma parada abrupta ou perda de coordena??o durante o exerc?cio. Para a an?lise da VIC, os intervalos card?acos foram registrados por frequenc?metro card?aco (Polar), e o lactato e cortisol analisados atrav?s de espectofot?metro, e pela t?cnica de radioimunoensaio, respectivamente. O EIP foi capaz de aumentar significativamente os n?veis de lactato, a FC m?dia, a raz?o LF/HF e o LH e diminuir o HF nos tr?s minutos finais do exerc?cio demonstrando uma maior ativa??o do componente simp?tico em rela??o ao parassimp?tico. No entanto o EIP n?o foi capaz de induzir aumento significativo do cortisol. N?o foi detectada diferen?a significativa entre os grupos acupuntura e controle em nenhum dos par?metros analisados. Conclu?mos que uma sess?o de acupuntura imediatamente antes do EIP n?o foi capaz de alterar significativamente as respostas auton?micas e end?crinas induzidas pelo exerc?cio.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:47:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 447452.pdf: 3686027 bytes, checksum: 586c12a53a6951b9b3f6793c67acedf6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-27 / In this thesis I aimed to identify and analyze the practices, workers and administrators of policing and prison institutions in the city of Pelotas, between the years 1869 and 1889, in the post Paraguayan War. I also aimed to trace a social history of these institutions, realizing the profile of policing workers, prisoners and policed people. In addition, I tried to understand the political projects that were in dispute through discussions and issues raised around the activities of these policing institutions, recognizing the political groups and their links. It was inevitable to observe the city of Pelotas and its residents, mainly through police sources, seeking to map the social relationships built between the residents and the city. / Nesta tese objetivei identificar e analisar as pr?ticas, os trabalhadores e os administradores das institui??es de policiamento e pris?o na cidade de Pelotas, entre os anos de 1869 e 1889, no contexto p?s-guerra do Paraguai. Igualmente, procurei tra?ar uma hist?ria social das institui??es, percebendo o perfil dos trabalhadores do policiamento, dos presos e policiados. Dentro disso, tentei perceber os projetos pol?ticos que estavam em disputa atrav?s das discuss?es e problem?ticas levantadas em torno das atividades destas institui??es de policiamento, reconhecendo os grupos pol?ticos e seus v?nculos. Foi inevit?vel observar a cidade de Pelotas e seus moradores, principalmente atrav?s das fontes policiais, buscando mapear as rela??es sociais constru?das entre os ?ltimos com a primeira.

Submitted by PPG Pediatria e Sa?de da Crian?a (pediatria-pg@pucrs.br) on 2018-04-27T17:58:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese de doutorado corrigida Fernanda.pdf: 4883244 bytes, checksum: b51a91fe19e35875a088cb500cc4add5 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2018-05-14T11:21:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese de doutorado corrigida Fernanda.pdf: 4883244 bytes, checksum: b51a91fe19e35875a088cb500cc4add5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-14T11:25:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese de doutorado corrigida Fernanda.pdf: 4883244 bytes, checksum: b51a91fe19e35875a088cb500cc4add5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-09 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / Introduction: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic, multisystemic disease characterized by progressive loss of lung function and airway obstruction. Thus, airflow limitation and dynamic hyperinflation may limit exercise capacity of these patients. In addition, exercise capacity has correlated with survival in children and adults with CF. Objective: To evaluate the effect of respiratory physiotherapy on exercise capacity and the role of maximal oxygen consumption as a predictor of mortality in CF patients. Methods: This thesis is divided into two articles. Article 1 was a prospective randomised, cross-over pilot study performed on children diagnosed with CF, aged >9 years and >128 cm tall. Two visits were performed with one month of interval, one with respiratory physiotherapy using positive expiratory pressure and autogenic drainage, before spirometry, plethysmography and the cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET), and another without respiratory physiotherapy. The CPET was performed on a cycle ergometer using the Godfrey protocol. All tests followed international recommendations. Article 2 consisted of systematic review and meta-analysis, in which an online search was performed in PubMed, Embase, LILACS and SciELO databases. Were included cohort studies that assessed mortality rates after maximal oxygen uptake (VO2peak) measurements during CPET. The quality analysis of the selected articles was performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. The main outcome evaluated was the mortality of CF patients. Whenever possible, and if appropriate, a random effect meta-analysis was performed. Results: Study 1 included 12 patients with CF with mean age of 12.83?1.85 years, body mass index in Z score was 0.08?0.82 and 75% of them presented at least one allele ?F508. No significant differences were found in maximal oxygen consumption with respiratory physiotherapy. However, there was a significant decrease in minute ventilation (VE) and ventilatory equivalents for oxygen consumption (VEVO2) and for carbon dioxide production (VEVCO2) at lactate threshold when respiratory physiotherapy was performed prior to CPET. The mean VE (L.min-1) was 26.67? 5.49 vs 28.92?6.30 (p=0.05), VEVO2 (L.min-1) was 24.5?1.75 vs 26.05?2.50 (p=0.03) and VEVCO2 (L.min-1) was 26.58?2.41 vs 27.98?2.11 (p=0.03). In study 2, six cohort studies were included, totaling 551 participants. Five studies were classified with high methodological quality. Two different analyzes were carried out to evaluate the influence of VO2peak on mortality. The significant standardized total difference between the VO2peak averages in the survival or non-survival groups was -0.606 (95%CI= -0.993 ? -0.219; p=0.002). In addition, patients with lower VO2peak were associated with a significantly higher mortality risk (RR: 4.896; 95%CI= 1.086 ? 22.072; p=0.039). Conclusion: The results suggest that the performance of respiratory physiotherapy prior to exercise may lead to improved ventilatory dynamics during exercise in CF patients. In addition, the systematic review with meta-analysis has shown that low levels of maximal oxygen uptake are associated with an increase of 4.8 in the risk of mortality, indicating that VO2peak could also be an important follow-up variable. / Introdu??o: A fibrose c?stica (FC) ? uma doen?a gen?tica, multissist?mica, caracterizada pela perda progressiva da fun??o pulmonar e obstru??o das vias a?reas. Assim, a limita??o ao fluxo a?reo e a hiperinsufla??o din?mica podem limitar da capacidade de exerc?cio desses pacientes. Al?m disso, a capacidade de exerc?cio t?m se correlacionado com a sobrevida de crian?as e adultos com FC. Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito da fisioterapia respirat?ria sobre a capacidade de exerc?cio e o papel do consumo m?ximo de oxig?nio como preditor de mortalidade em pacientes com FC. M?todos: Est? tese est? dividida em dois artigos. O artigo 1 foi um estudo piloto, prospectivo, randomizado e cross-over realizado em crian?as com diagn?stico de FC, com idade >9 anos e >128 cm de altura. Foram realizadas duas visitas com um m?s de intervalo, sendo uma com a realiza??o da fisioterapia respirat?ria utilizando press?o expirat?ria positiva e drenagem autog?nica, antes da espirometria, pletismografia e do teste de exerc?cio cardiopulmonar (TECP), e outra sem a realiza??o da fisioterapia respirat?ria. O TECP foi realizado no ciclo erg?metro com a utiliza??o do protocolo de Godfrey. Todos os testes seguiram as recomenda??es internacionais. O artigo 2 consistiu em uma revis?o sistem?tica e meta-an?lise, no qual foi realizada uma pesquisa on-line nas bases de dados PubMed, Embase, LILACS e SciELO. Foram inclu?dos estudos de coorte que avaliaram as taxas de mortalidade ap?s medi??es do consumo m?ximo de oxig?nio (VO2pico) durante um TECP. A an?lise de qualidade dos artigos selecionados foi realizada com a escala Newcastle-Ottawa. O principal desfecho avaliado foi a mortalidade de pacientes com FC. Sempre que poss?vel, e se apropriado, foi realizada uma meta-an?lise de efeito aleat?rio. Resultados: No estudo 1 foram inclu?dos 12 pacientes com FC com m?dia de idade de 12,83?1,85 anos, o ?ndice de massa corporal em escore Z foi 0,08?0,82 e 75% deles apresentavam um alelo ?F508. N?o foram encontradas diferen?as significativas no consumo m?ximo de oxig?nio com a realiza??o da fisioterapia respirat?ria. No entanto, houve uma diminui??o significativa na ventila??o minuto (VE) e nos equivalentes ventilat?rios para o consumo de oxig?nio (VEVO2) e para a produ??o de g?s carb?nico (VEVCO2) no limiar anaer?bico quando realizaram fisioterapia respirat?ria antes do TECP. A m?dia da VE (L.min-1) foi 26,67?5,49 vs 28,92?6,30 (p=0,05), VEVO2 (L.min-1) foi 24,5?1,75 vs 26,05?2,50 (p=0,03) e VEVCO2 (L.min-1) foi 26,58?2,41 vs 27,98?2,11 (p=0,03). No estudo 2 foram inclu?dos seis estudos de coorte, totalizando 551 participantes. Cinco estudos foram classificados com alta qualidade metodol?gica. Foram realizadas duas an?lises diferentes para avaliar a influ?ncia do VO2pico sobre a mortalidade. A diferen?a total padronizada significativa entre as m?dias do VO2pico nos grupos sobrevivente ou n?o-sobrevivente foi -0,606 (IC95%= -0,993 ? -0,219; p=0,002). Al?m disso, os pacientes com menor VO2pico foram associados a um risco de mortalidade significativamente maior (RR: 4,896; IC95%= 1,086 ? 22,072; p=0,039). Conclus?o: Os resultados obtidos sugerem que a realiza??o de fisioterapia respirat?ria antes do exerc?cio pode levar a uma melhora da din?mica ventilat?ria durante o exerc?cio em pacientes com FC. Al?m disso, a revis?o sistem?tica com meta-an?lise demonstrou que baixos n?veis de absor??o m?xima de oxig?nio est?o associados a um aumento de 4,8 vezes no risco de mortalidade na FC, indicando que o VO2pico tamb?m pode ser uma importante vari?vel de acompanhamento.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:38:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 IsabelCVO_DISSERT.pdf: 1818078 bytes, checksum: 3aadc6a009ba437df233dcb84e8b4de7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-07-27 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / While providing physical and psychological benefits, excessive exercise could be or cause a compulsive behavior, making the individual dependent on it. In a parallel discussion, computerized psychological instruments, for a hand, reflects the development of information technology and your applicability to other areas, but also shows little advance for Psychological Assessment. In this perspective, this study aims to adapt the Exercise Dependence Scale (EDS-R) in two formats (paper-and-pencil and computerized) and evaluate evidence of factorial and convergent validity, and reliability of each version and compare them with each other. It is also proposed to observe the relationship of some bio-demographic (Sex, age, frequency, duration and intensity of practice exercise) and the exercise dependence (DEF). For this purpose, 709 regular physical activity practitioners, selected by procedures non-probabilistic sampling, responded a adapted version of EDS-R, Muscle Appearance Satisfaction Scale (MASS), Body Modification Scale (BMS) and a demographic questionnaire, analyzed through Exploratory Factor Analysis, Cronbach's Alpha and not parametric tests. Both the traditional version and the computer showed a seven factors structure, explaining 57 and 62% of the variance, respectively, and Cronbach's alphas of 0.83 and 0.89. Factors were: (1) intentionality, (2) continuity, (3) tolerance, (4) reduction of other activities, (5) lack of control, (6) abstinence and (7) time spent on exercise. Relationships were observed between the Exercise Dependence and the variables: age, diets, consumption of food supplements and medicines for weight change, desire to do plastic surgery and body satisfaction. We observed also a positive correlation between the DEF and the frequency, duration and intensity of exercise, and the factor "Dependence on exercising" from MASS, indicating convergent validity of the EDS-R. Finally, comparisons between the two formats were equivalent, with few changes: computerized version achieved higher DEF scores. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the EDS-R has factorial and convergent validity, reliability, to measure exerceise dependence on traditional e computerized formats. DEF is related to actions used to body modification and behaviors toward exercise. Finally, it was found equivalence between the formats, especially in psychometric parameters, thus suggesting feasibility of a computerized assessment. However, it was observed that the computerized data has sample recruiting strategies more limited / Embora traga benef?cios f?sicos e psicol?gicos, a pr?tica excessiva de atividade f?sica poderia ser ou desencadear um comportamento compulsivo, tornando o indiv?duo dependente deste. Em uma discuss?o paralela, cita-se a informatiza??o de instrumentos de medida em Psicologia, que se, por um lado, reflete o pleno desenvolvimento da inform?tica e aplicabilidade desta para outras ?reas, por outro evidencia tamb?m paradoxalmente pouco avan?o da mesma no campo da Avalia??o Psicol?gica. Nesta perspectiva, o presente estudo visa adaptar para o contexto nacional a Escala de Depend?ncia de Exerc?cio (EDS-R), em duas vers?es (papel-e-l?pis e informatizada), bem como verificar evid?ncias de validade fatorial, convergente e consist?ncia interna de cada vers?o e compar?-las entre si. Prop?e-se, ainda, a observar a rela??o de algumas vari?veis bio-demogr?ficas (g?nero, idade, frequ?ncia, dura??o e intensidade com que pratica exerc?cio) na depend?ncia de exerc?cio f?sico (DEF). Para tanto, 709 praticantes de atividade f?sica regular, selecionados por procedimentos de amostragem n?o-probabil?stica e acidental, responderam a vers?o adaptada da EDS-R, a Escala de Satisfa??o com a Apar?ncia Muscular (MASS), a Escala de Modifica??o Corporal (BMS) e question?rio s?cio-bio-demogr?fico, analisados por meio de An?lise Fatorial Explorat?ria, c?lculo do Alfa de Cronbach e testes inferenciais n?o param?tricos. Tanto a vers?o tradicional como a informatizada apresentaram uma estrutura de sete fatores, explicando 57 e 62% da vari?ncia compartilhada, respectivamente, assim como Alfas de Cronbach de 0,83 e 0,89. Os fatores foram: (1) intencionalidade, (2) continuidade, (3) toler?ncia, (4) redu??o de outras atividades, (5) falta de controle, (6) abstin?ncia e (7) tempo gasto em exerc?cio. Foram observadas rela??es positivas entre a Depend?ncia de Exerc?cio e as vari?veis idade, pr?tica de dietas, consumo de suplementos alimentares e medicamentos para altera??o de massa corporal, desejo de fazer cirurgia pl?stica e satisfa??o corporal. Observou-se, ainda, uma correla??o positiva entre a DEF e a frequ?ncia, dura??o e intensidade com que se pratica exerc?cio, bem como com o fator Depend?ncia em malhar da MASS, indicando, assim, validade convergente da EDS-R. Por fim, quanto ?s compara??es entre as duas vers?es de coleta, estas foram equivalentes, com poucas altera??es, tendo a vers?o informatizada atingido escores mais elevados de DEF. Com base em tais resultados, pode-se concluir que a EDS-R apresenta evid?ncias de validade fatorial, convergente e consist?ncia interna para identifica??o da Depend?ncia de exerc?cio f?sico nas vers?es tradicional e informatizada, bem como est? relacionada a a??es empregadas para modifica??o corporal e comportamentos voltados para o exerc?cio. Por fim, constatou-se uma equival?ncia entre as vers?es tradicional e informatizada, sobretudo nos par?metros psicom?tricos estrutura fatorial e ?ndices de consist?ncia interna, sugerindo, portanto, uma viabilidade de avalia??es informatizadas. No entanto, observou-se que a coleta informatizada possui estrat?gias de recrutamento um pouco mais limitadas

Submitted by Sara Ribeiro (sara.ribeiro@ucb.br) on 2017-04-06T11:49:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 RogerioWagnerdaSilvaTese2016.pdf: 2085584 bytes, checksum: 26857f1b5fc2d61521d37f92336f20dd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-06T11:49:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RogerioWagnerdaSilvaTese2016.pdf: 2085584 bytes, checksum: 26857f1b5fc2d61521d37f92336f20dd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-01 / For some time it has become common to use the whole body vibration training (IVC) for its benefits in a short period of time per session. This study evaluated the changes introduced in the body composition, bone mineral density, in hematological variables and the interleukins IL2, IL4, IL6, IL10, IFN-?? and TNF-??; resulting from training sessions and detraining after physical exercise in vibrating platform and a stationary bike. The final sample of 26 young sedentary women after divided into two groups: Vibration Group (GV) age 20.77 ?? 2.86 years and body mass index (BMI) 22.72 ?? 3.67 and Ergometry Group (GE) aged 20.62 ?? 4.35 years and body mass index (BMI) 21.31 ?? 4.18, both performed two distinct training programs, with 06 weeks of exercises and 06 weeks of detraining. Assessment and reassessment was carried out in three stages (T1, T2 and T3) predetermined to evaluate the changes in parameters that could be the result of conducted training. After compilation and analysis of data, significant changes in body composition were observed in bone mineral density, even in white blood count series. Significant response (p <0.050) in the collection times were identified in both groups for the variables: Hemoglobin and MCH; also we observed strong tendency to MCHC. Were also detected changes to IL2 was identified significant alteration being T1 and T2 (P <0.011) and between T1- T3 (P <0.003). While IFN-?? the major change came only between T1 and T2 (P <0.003). The results for IL-4, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-?? has been found that these cytokines have different responses according to the type of physical activity undertaken between groups (GV x EG) and also over time (T1, T2 and T3). These results lead us to conclude that there is physiological adaptation to training and detraining independent of the type of exercise performed. / H?? algum tempo tem se tornado comum ?? utiliza????o do treinamento de vibra????o de corpo inteiro (VCI) por seus benef??cios em um curto per??odo de tempo por sess??o. Este estudo avaliou as altera????es promovidas na composi????o corporal, na densidade mineral ??ssea, nas vari??veis hematol??gicas e nas interleucinas IL2, IL4, IL6, IL10, IFN-?? e T NF-??; resultantes de sess??es de treinamento e do destreinamento ap??s o exerc??cio f??sico realizado em plataforma vibrat??ria e bicicleta ergom??trica. A amostra final foi de 26 mulheres jovens e sedent??rias que depois de divididas em dois grupos: Grupo Vibra????o (GV) idade 20,77 ?? 2,86 anos e ??ndice de Massa Corporal (IMC) 22,72 ?? 3,67 e Grupo Ergometria (GE) idade 20,62 ?? 4,35 anos e ??ndice de Massa Corporal (IMC) 21,31 ?? 4,18, ambos realizaram dois programas distintos de treinamento, com 06 semanas de exerc??cios e 06 semanas de destreinamento. Foi realizada a avalia????o e as reavalia????es em tr??s momentos (T1,T2 e T3) pr??-determinados para avaliar as altera????es nos par??metros que pudessem ser resultantes do treinamento realizado. Ap??s a compila????o e analise dos dados, n??o foram observadas altera????es significativas na composi????o corporal, na densidade mineral ??ssea, nem mesmo na s??rie branca do hemograma. Respostas significantes (p < 0.05) nos tempos de coleta foram identificadas em ambos os grupos para as vari??veis: Hemoglobina e HCM; observamos forte tend??ncia para CHCM. Tamb??m foram detectadas altera????es para IL2 foi identificada altera????o significante ente T1 e T2 (P<0,011) e entre T1-T3 (P<0,003). Enquanto para IFN-?? a altera????o importante apareceu somente entre T1 e T2 (P<0,003). Os resultados para IL-4, IL-6, IL-10 e TNF-?? mostraram que, estas citocinas inflamat??rias, apresentam respostas diferentes de acordo com o tipo de atividade f??sica realizada entre os Grupos (GV x GE) e tamb??m ao longo dos tempos (T1, T2 e T3). Estes resultados nos levam a concluir que existe adapta????o fisiol??gica ao treinamento e ao destreinamento independente do tipo de exerc??cio f??sico realizado.