Účelem této práce je analyzovat potenciální expanzi Kofoly, ČeskoSlovensko a.s. do Německa a poskytnout doporučení na základě výzkumu a literatury. Autor bude analyzovat odvětví nealkoholických nápojů a podnikatelský potenciál v Německu.

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo analizar la Asociatividad empresarial como estrategia de exportación para las Pymes del sector calzado en la provincia de Trujillo - La Libertad, Perú a través de: desarrollo de gestión organizacional, innovación de mercadotecnia y capacidad económica-financiera durante el periodo 2014-2018, de modo que este estudio fomente a las empresas a trabajar de forma conjunta con la finalidad de tener las mejores condiciones en su camino hacia la internacionalización y por consiguiente, obtengan un incremento de sus exportaciones hacia diversos mercados. Para ello, se describe el marco teórico, el marco conceptual, las bases teóricas relacionados a la Asociatividad y Exportación del sector calzado. Asimismo, se detalla el marco contextual del sector calzado, exportación del sector calzado, así como la descripción del departamento La Libertad y de su principal provincia, Trujillo. En adición, se detalla la descripción del problema, los síntomas y causas del problema, así como el diagnóstico actual de las Pymes exportadoras del sector calzado de la provincia de Trujillo del año 2014 al 2018. Además, se plantea el problema, las hipótesis y objetivos. La metodología tiene un enfoque mixto no experimental, descriptivo y correlacional. Para el análisis cualitativo, se entrevistó a expertos en el tema y para el análisis cuantitativo, se procedió a encuestar a las Pymes exportadoras del sector calzado de la provincia Trujillo.  Finalmente, se detallan los resultados estadísticos para el análisis correspondiente, de modo que se pueda comprobar las hipótesis de la presente investigación. / The current research aims to analyze business associativity as an export strategy for SMEs of the footwear sector in the province of Trujillo- La Libertad, Peru through: management development organizational, marketing innovation and economic-financial capacity during the period of 2014-2018, so this study encourages companies to work together to have the best conditions on their way to internationalization, therefore, get an increase in their exports towards various markets. For this, the theoretical framework, the conceptual framework, the theoretical bases related to Associativity and Export of the footwear sector are described. Also, the contextual framework of the footwear sector, the export of the footwear sector, as well as the description of the department La Libertad and its main province, Trujillo, are detailed. In addition, the description of the problem, the symptoms and causes of the problem are details, as well as the current diagnosis of exporting SMEs in the footwear sector from the province of Trujillo from 2014 to 2018. Also, the problem, the hypotheses and objectives are presented. The methodology has a mixed non-experimental, descriptive, and correlational approach. For the qualitative analysis, experts on the subject were interviewed and for the quantitative analysis, we proceeded to survey exporting SMEs in the footwear sector of the Trujillo province. Finally, the statistical results for the corresponding analysis are detailed, so that the hypotheses of the present investigation can be verified. / Tesis

Au cours de cette étude, nous avons cherché à déterminer l’implication de Washington dans la sécurité de l’Indonésie. Nous nous sommes demandé comment les États-Unis pouvaient revenir dans le jeu politico-sécuritaire indonésien par le biais d’une cause devenue commune, la sécurité maritime. Après avoir examiné l’historique de la relation de l’Indonésie avec l’élément maritime et l’émergence de menaces liées au domaine maritime, nous avons conclu que la sécurisation du domaine maritime apparaît alors comme un leitmotiv sécuritaire commun pour Washington et Jakarta. Confrontée aux errements de la coopération régionale et aux difficultés relatives à sa géographie et à son déficit capacitaire, la sécurisation du domaine maritime indonésien passe donc par l’implication d’un acteur extérieur. En réussissant à convaincre leurs homologues de Jakarta de la nécessité de sécuriser le domaine maritime, les hommes et femmes du Ministère de la Défense, du Département d’État et des administrations américaines ont permis à Washington de revenir dans le jeu sécuritaire indonésien par le biais d’une coopération devenue essentielle pour les deux partenaires. / In this study, we tried to determine the exact level of involvement of Washington in Indonesia’s security. We wondered how United States could go back in Indonesian political and security games through a common cause, maritime security.. After considering indonesian maritime history and the rise of threats to maritime domain, we concluded that the securitisation of maritime realm appears as a security leitmotiv for both Washington and Jakarta. Facing with the vagaries of regional cooperation and with difficulties related to the archipelagic geography of the country and the lack of capacity, securising indonesian maritime domain requires the involvement of an external actor. By succeeding in persuading their counterparts in Jakarta of the necessity of securing the maritime domain, men and women of the U.S. Department of Defense, State Department and other agencies have allowed Washington to be back into Indonesia’s security game through an all-out cooperation.

We begin with a short analysis of the history of Investor-State Dispute Settlement (ISDS). We then discuss the merits and demerits of the regime, such as the arguments between finality, speediness, and correctness. Following from this, historical reforms are discussed, and whether those issues have gotten worse or better since these discussions. The modern problems are discussed, leading to the explanation of the “legitimacy crisis”. As Appellate Mechanisms (AM) and Investment Court Systems (ICS) both propose multi layered systems, we argue whether ISDS must be a “one bite at the apple” system. We expand on the issues of regulatory chill, before showing the contradictions in the granting of awards. From this, a discussion is raised on the advantages of a tenured system of adjudicators, particularly in reference to their apparent bias. We delve deeper into the direct consequences of the perceived issues of ISDS, in the context of human rights, the environment, and other issues of sovereignty.As more reforms are suggested, the question of “what makes arbitration, arbitration?” is raised. From here, we may begin to suggest reforms based on which key factors are to be preserved. Firstly, we discuss current reform options, such as the Mauritius Convention. We take inspiration from existing AM, and prior discussions on the implementation of such a system across the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) and United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) frameworks. We analyse whether these discussions have led to change by comparing trends in drafting.Thereon, we offer suggestions of reform. ICS and how this would be implemented, what it would look like structurally, and its positive and negative effects. Using the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) and other contemporary ICS reform suggestions, we gain some knowledge of what an ICS regime could and should look like, the implementation of AM previously discussed in this regime, and other. Finally, we offer a different solution to the problems, yet less pragmatic, the termination of arbitration.