O objeto central desta pesquisa são as Poéticas Procedurais, manifestações artísticas baseadas fundamentalmente na programabilidade e autonomia das mídias digitais, e que portanto só podem ser realizadas através deste meio (independentemente do suporte de exibição da obra final). Nesta situação, o computador é empregado pelo artista como uma espécie de máquina criadora, contendo em si o projeto da obra na forma de um programa (ou algoritmo). Investigamos como estas práticas criativas específicas, pelo seu caráter de autorreflexão, podem servir como um olhar sobre o pensamento artístico. Também examinamos o papel fundamental destas estratégias procedurais de criação na consolidação do meio digital como forma expressiva independente. / The object of this research are the Procedural Poetics, artistic manifestations based fundamentally on the programmability and autonomy of digital media, and therefore that can only be achieved through this medium (regardless of the support of the final work). In this situation, the computer is used by the artist as a kind of creator machine, containing within itself the project of the work in the form of a program (or algorithm). We investigate how these specific creative practices, due to their aspect of self-reflection, can serve as a glimpse into the artistic thinking. We also examine the fundamental role of these procedural strategies of creation in the consolidation of the digital medium as an independent expressive form.

A comunicação é um processo que se encontra internamente relacionado com a expressividade. Há profissionais que usam demasiadamente a comunicação e a expressividade, como é o caso do professor, que atua transmitindo informações as quais devem chegar de maneira efetiva aos seus alunos. O objetivo geral do estudo foi investigar a expressividade do professor universitário de enfermagem ministrando aula, por meio do julgamento dos alunos. Trata-se de estudo descritivo com abordagem quantitativa, realizado em uma instituição de ensino superior de enfermagem de uma universidade pública. Alunos matriculados (141) nos cursos de bacharelado e licenciatura de enfermagem, distribuídos em três turmas, realizaram a avaliação da expressividade de um professor da instituição, sendo que este possuía experiência profissional, estava em atividade regular e não era conhecido por este alunado. A avaliação da expressividade foi realizada por meio de seis minutos de filmagem de uma aula ministrada por esse professor. Esta mesma filmagem foi avaliada por três experts fonoaudiólogos, especialistas em voz e experientes em expressividade. A pesquisa contou com quatro fases (preparo dos instrumentos, no qual foi utilizado protocolo de avaliação fonoaudiológica e instrumento para os alunos; questionário para avaliação do aluno, adaptado segundo o protocolo de avaliação fonoaudiológica; avaliação da confiabilidade deste protocolo por três experts fonoaudiólogos; filmagem do professor participante a ser avaliado). O resultado mostrou que os experts apresentaram, praticamente, poucas discordâncias entre si em relação à avaliação da expressividade do professor, pois são especialistas e possuem experiência profissional em radio e televisão. Quanto à identificação da expressividade do professor segundo a avaliação de alunos e dos experts, em relação aos elementos: tipo de voz, pitch, esforço vocal, loudness, articulação, expressão facial, gestos e postura corporal, os resultados mostraram que as alternativas escolhidas pela maioria dos alunos foram significativamente maiores que as demais e concordantes com a maioria dos experts. Os elementos \"ênfase\", \"demonstra experiência\" e \"o que chamou atenção no vídeo\" não foram possíveis de comparação, porque não houve equivalência entre os instrumentos utilizados para a avaliação dos experts e dos alunos. O item \"pausa na fala\" não apresentou significância estatística entre a avaliação das respostas dos alunos, quando comparadas aos experts. Quanto às diferenças de avaliações entre as três turmas entre si, estas apresentaram poucas divergências entre elas. Conclui-se que o julgamento do aluno sobre as habilidades expressivas do professor de enfermagem é compatível com a avaliação dos experts fonoaudiólogos, mostrando que os alunos da universidade pública são mais que meros espectadores e pessoas capazes de avaliar, com propriedade, o professor. / Communication is a process that is internally related to expressiveness. There are professionals who use too much communication and expressiveness, as is the case of a teacher, which operates by transmitting information to effectively reach their students. The overall objective of this study was to investigate the expressiveness of a university professor of a nursing school, teaching a class by the means of the assessment of students. This is a descriptive study with a quantitative approach, performed in an institution of higher education in nursing at a public university. Enrolled students (141) in the nursing major, divided into three classes, carried out the assessment of expressiveness of a teacher of the previously mentioned institution, which whom had professional experience. This teacher was in regular activity and was not known by this student body. The assessment of expressiveness was performed by the means of a six- minute footage of a class taught by this teacher. This same footage was reviewed by three expert speech pathologists, voice specialists and experts in expressiveness. The research included four phases (preparation of instruments, by being the protocol of clinical assessment used and tool for the students; students\' questionnaire to evaluate the teacher, adjusted in accordance with the protocol of clinical assessment, reliability evaluation of the protocol by three expert audiologists; footage of the teacher participant to be evaluated). The outcome has shown that there were virtually very few disagreements between the experts regarding the evaluation of the expressiveness of the teacher, since they are specialists and have experience in radio and television. Regarding the identification of the expressiveness of the teacher according to the evaluation of students and experts in relation to the elements: voice type, pitch, vocal effort, loudness, articulation, facial expression, gestures and body posture, the outcome showed that the alternatives chosen by most students were significantly higher than the others and consistent with most experts. The elements \"emphasis\", \"the showing of experience\" and \"what drew attention in the video\" were not possible to compare, because there was no equivalence between the instruments used for the evaluation of experts and students. The item \"pause in the speech\" hasn\'t shown statistical significance between the assessment of students\' responses, when compared to experts. When considering differences in ratings among the three classes together, this study showed that they differ a little from each other. It has been noticed that the assessment of the student on the expressiveness abilities of the teacher of nursing is consistent with the assessments of speech experts, showing that students at public universities are more than mere spectators but people can properly evaluate the teacher.

Esta tese trata a respeito de uma abordagem criativa específica em mídias digitais: o emprego expressivo da autoria procedural (isto é, da criação ou manipulação de algoritmos). Esta abordagem, denominada aqui como expressividade procedural, difere fundamentalmente do emprego do computador unicamente para emular formas e linguagens tradicionais. Nossa investigação inclui estudos práticos realizados no contexto do projeto Playing Beowulf (University College London), no qual trabalhei como parte da equipe de pesquisa e desenvolvimento do MissionMaker, um aplicativo educacional para criação de narrativas e jogos digitais. Esperamos com esta tese contribuir na compreensão sobre o uso expressivo da autoria procedural em mídias digitais, e no seu papel fundamental na realização da expressividade própria deste meio. / This thesis is about a specific creative approach in digital media: the expressive use of procedural authorship (i.e., the creation or manipulation of algorithms). This approach, which we call procedural expressiveness, distinguishes itself in a fundamental manner from the use of computers solely to emulate traditional forms and languages. Our investigation includes practical studies conducted in the context of the Playing Beowulf project (University College London), where I worked as part of the research and development team of MissionMaker, an educational software for creating digital narratives and games. With this thesis we hope to contribute in understanding the expressive use of procedural authorship in digital media, and its fundamental role in achieving the unique expressiveness of this medium.

O objeto central desta pesquisa são as Poéticas Procedurais, manifestações artísticas baseadas fundamentalmente na programabilidade e autonomia das mídias digitais, e que portanto só podem ser realizadas através deste meio (independentemente do suporte de exibição da obra final). Nesta situação, o computador é empregado pelo artista como uma espécie de máquina criadora, contendo em si o projeto da obra na forma de um programa (ou algoritmo). Investigamos como estas práticas criativas específicas, pelo seu caráter de autorreflexão, podem servir como um olhar sobre o pensamento artístico. Também examinamos o papel fundamental destas estratégias procedurais de criação na consolidação do meio digital como forma expressiva independente. / The object of this research are the Procedural Poetics, artistic manifestations based fundamentally on the programmability and autonomy of digital media, and therefore that can only be achieved through this medium (regardless of the support of the final work). In this situation, the computer is used by the artist as a kind of creator machine, containing within itself the project of the work in the form of a program (or algorithm). We investigate how these specific creative practices, due to their aspect of self-reflection, can serve as a glimpse into the artistic thinking. We also examine the fundamental role of these procedural strategies of creation in the consolidation of the digital medium as an independent expressive form.

Esta pesquisa busca lançar bases para a caracterização do uso da linguagem simbólica dentro do Direito penal. Nesse sentido, estabelece-se uma divisão entre duas categorias: Simbolismo no Direito penal e Direito penal simbólico, sendo que a primeira diz respeito a todas as formas (intrínsecas, legítimas ou ilegítimas) de utilização de símbolos no Direito penal. Já a segunda categoria corresponde a uma parcela deturpada do uso de símbolos dentro do Direito penal, prejudicial a sua função e ilegítima perante seus princípios, o que acaba por gerar dois efeitos intoleráveis à dinâmica do Direito penal: sua inefetividade e sua seletividade. De início é elaborado um panorama do símbolo e suas implicações teóricas em diversas áreas do saber. Em um segundo momento, a temática do simbolismo é relacionada com o Direito penal, visando à construção de um conceito crítico de Direito penal simbólico apto a ser aplicado na realidade. Posteriormente, é esboçada uma análise da conjectura do Direito penal na contemporaneidade e como tal contexto deu gênese e fomenta o fenômeno do Direito penal simbólico. Por fim, uma série de propostas são estabelecidas com o objetivo de sanear o simbolismo no Direito penal de utilizações deturpadas do símbolo. / This research intends to investigate the use of simbolical language in the Criminal Law. In this sense, a division between two categories is made: the Symbolism in the Criminal Law and the Symbolic Criminal Law. The first is related to any kinds of uses of symbols inside the Criminal Law (even in the cases of negative utilizations). In other way, the second category corresponds specifically to a distorted portion of the use of symbols within the Criminal Law, damaging its correct function and going against its principles. This distortion generates two intolerable effects to the dynamic of Criminal Law: its ineffectiveness and its selectivity. In the beggining, this work will establish a theoretical analysis of the symbol in many differents areas of knowledge. After that, the symbolism will be related to the Criminal Law, in order to build a concept of Symbolic Criminal Law fit to be empirically applied. Subsequently, an analysis of the Criminal Law within the contemporary contexto will be sketched. Finally, some suggestion will be offered aiming the goal of cleansing the Symbolism in the Criminal Law of the misleading uses of symbols

Esta pesquisa busca lançar bases para a caracterização do uso da linguagem simbólica dentro do Direito penal. Nesse sentido, estabelece-se uma divisão entre duas categorias: Simbolismo no Direito penal e Direito penal simbólico, sendo que a primeira diz respeito a todas as formas (intrínsecas, legítimas ou ilegítimas) de utilização de símbolos no Direito penal. Já a segunda categoria corresponde a uma parcela deturpada do uso de símbolos dentro do Direito penal, prejudicial a sua função e ilegítima perante seus princípios, o que acaba por gerar dois efeitos intoleráveis à dinâmica do Direito penal: sua inefetividade e sua seletividade. De início é elaborado um panorama do símbolo e suas implicações teóricas em diversas áreas do saber. Em um segundo momento, a temática do simbolismo é relacionada com o Direito penal, visando à construção de um conceito crítico de Direito penal simbólico apto a ser aplicado na realidade. Posteriormente, é esboçada uma análise da conjectura do Direito penal na contemporaneidade e como tal contexto deu gênese e fomenta o fenômeno do Direito penal simbólico. Por fim, uma série de propostas são estabelecidas com o objetivo de sanear o simbolismo no Direito penal de utilizações deturpadas do símbolo. / This research intends to investigate the use of simbolical language in the Criminal Law. In this sense, a division between two categories is made: the Symbolism in the Criminal Law and the Symbolic Criminal Law. The first is related to any kinds of uses of symbols inside the Criminal Law (even in the cases of negative utilizations). In other way, the second category corresponds specifically to a distorted portion of the use of symbols within the Criminal Law, damaging its correct function and going against its principles. This distortion generates two intolerable effects to the dynamic of Criminal Law: its ineffectiveness and its selectivity. In the beggining, this work will establish a theoretical analysis of the symbol in many differents areas of knowledge. After that, the symbolism will be related to the Criminal Law, in order to build a concept of Symbolic Criminal Law fit to be empirically applied. Subsequently, an analysis of the Criminal Law within the contemporary contexto will be sketched. Finally, some suggestion will be offered aiming the goal of cleansing the Symbolism in the Criminal Law of the misleading uses of symbols

O objetivo desta dissertação é estudar as escolhas e as criações lexicais de Mário de Andrade nas suas obras poéticas mais representativas da década de 20: Pauliceia desvairada; Losango cáqui e Clã do jabuti. Sob a ótica da Estilística Léxica e com auxílio da Semântica, recolhemos e analisamos as criações lexicais resultantes da necessidade estilística. Entendemos que elas foram escolhidas por Mário de Andrade para acentuar a expressividade de seu texto e procuramos demonstrar, através da sua inserção em campos-léxico-semânticos, a existência de temas reveladores da visão de mundo do autor e da época. As obras analisadas evidenciam a ampliação do território poético de Mário de Andrade que parte da cidade de São Paulo, em processo de urbanização, para abraçar o país multicultural. Através dos temas e das escolhas lexicais feitas, o poeta-enunciador, ao usar a máscara do arlequim, transfigura-se em poeta-arlequim, poeta-soldado e em poeta-antropólogo sugerindo, assim, a aproximação ou o afastamento de determinado grupo social. / The purpose of this dissertation is to study the choices and the lexical creations by Mário de Andrade in his most representative poetic works in the twenties: Pauliceia desvairada, Losango cáqui and Clã do jabuti. From the Lexical Stylistics point of view and with the Semantic\'s help, we collected and analyzed the lexical creations resulting from stylistic necessities. We understand that those were chosen by Mário to enhance the expressiveness of his text and we try to evidence, by inserting them in lexical-semantic-fields, the existence of themes revealing the poet\'s particular view of his world and time. The present work evidences the enlargement of Andrade\'s poetic territory which starts in a São Paulo city in urbanization process to embrace the whole multicultural country. Based on the themes and lexical choices made, the enunciator-poet, when uses the harlequin\'s mask, transfigures himself in a harlequin-poet, a soldier-poet and in a anthropologist-poet suggesting, in this way, the proximity or distance from specific social groups.

This thesis examines the role of face-to-face interactions on individual choice. In particular, I explore the effect of face-to-face requests (compared to other forms of requests) on compliance. I propose that individuals expect facial feedback from their interactive partner in response to their decisions and behaviors in face-to-face interactions. In an effort to avoid anticipated negative feedback, people comply with the request. Drawing from literature on compliance, the face, face-to-face interactions, empathy, and anticipation, I develop and test this proposed theoretical account in five experiments. 1) Experiment 1 demonstrates the effect of face-to-face interactions on compliance with requests relative to other forms of making the requests and rules out some alternative explanations. 2) Experiment 2 replicates the effect in a real world setting, and shows that the effect can be moderated by sensitizing individuals to the face. 3) Experiment 3 shows that the effect can be moderated by facial expressiveness and sensitivity to face. Experiment 3 also shows that anticipation of feedback (rather than actual feedback) drives the effect. 4) Experiment 4 shows that the effect can be moderated by the expressiveness, timeliness, and consistency of facial feedback. It provides further evidence for the role of anticipated facial feedback. 5) Experiment 5 shows that individuals strategically choose different modes of interaction (i.e., face-to-face or impersonal) as a function of the feedback they expect to receive. Theoretically, this thesis provides a new understanding of how face-to-face interactions and facial expressiveness impact individual choice. In contrast to previous research, I examine the feedback mechanism that such interactions create, and the role of facial expressiveness. By providing an account in which the anticipation of feedback plays a role, this research provides a way of extending the effect of face-to-face interactions on individual compliance to faceless transactions. Moreover, I identify and test the effect of three dimensions of facial expressiveness on individual choice, thereby adding to marketing literature, compliance literature, and communication literature. The current research has managerial implications in personal selling, customer service, employee training, and online transactions.

In this dissertation work, we have investigated the main research thrust of decentralized coordination of workflows over web services. To address distributed workflow coordination, first we have developed “Web Coordination Bonds” as a capable set of dependency modeling primitives that enable each web service to manage its own dependencies. Web bond primitives are as powerful as extended Petri nets and have sufficient modeling and expressive capabilities to model workflow dependencies. We have designed and prototyped our “Web Service Coordination Management Middleware” (WSCMM) system that enhances current web services infrastructure to accommodate web bond enabled web services. Finally, based on core concepts of web coordination bonds and WSCMM, we have developed the “BondFlow” system that allows easy configuration distributed coordination of workflows. The footprint of the BonFlow runtime is 24KB and the additional third party software packages, SOAP client and XML parser, account for 115KB.

This thesis examines the role of face-to-face interactions on individual choice. In particular, I explore the effect of face-to-face requests (compared to other forms of requests) on compliance. I propose that individuals expect facial feedback from their interactive partner in response to their decisions and behaviors in face-to-face interactions. In an effort to avoid anticipated negative feedback, people comply with the request. Drawing from literature on compliance, the face, face-to-face interactions, empathy, and anticipation, I develop and test this proposed theoretical account in five experiments. 1) Experiment 1 demonstrates the effect of face-to-face interactions on compliance with requests relative to other forms of making the requests and rules out some alternative explanations. 2) Experiment 2 replicates the effect in a real world setting, and shows that the effect can be moderated by sensitizing individuals to the face. 3) Experiment 3 shows that the effect can be moderated by facial expressiveness and sensitivity to face. Experiment 3 also shows that anticipation of feedback (rather than actual feedback) drives the effect. 4) Experiment 4 shows that the effect can be moderated by the expressiveness, timeliness, and consistency of facial feedback. It provides further evidence for the role of anticipated facial feedback. 5) Experiment 5 shows that individuals strategically choose different modes of interaction (i.e., face-to-face or impersonal) as a function of the feedback they expect to receive. Theoretically, this thesis provides a new understanding of how face-to-face interactions and facial expressiveness impact individual choice. In contrast to previous research, I examine the feedback mechanism that such interactions create, and the role of facial expressiveness. By providing an account in which the anticipation of feedback plays a role, this research provides a way of extending the effect of face-to-face interactions on individual compliance to faceless transactions. Moreover, I identify and test the effect of three dimensions of facial expressiveness on individual choice, thereby adding to marketing literature, compliance literature, and communication literature. The current research has managerial implications in personal selling, customer service, employee training, and online transactions.