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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Étude de la tolérance aux dommages d'impact sur structure composite en zone de reprise de plis / Study of impact damage tolerance of composite structure at ply drop-off

Abdulhamid, Hakim 30 April 2015 (has links)
La tenue résiduelle à l'impact basse vitesse est un critère dimensionnant des structures composites minces pour l'aéronautique. La majorité des travaux réalisés jusqu'ici porte sur l'analyse du comportement en zone courante. Ce travail élargit le domaine d'étude aux zones de variation d'épaisseur. L'objectif est d'étudier la tolérance aux dommages d'impact d'un stratifié comportant une zone de reprise de plis (ZRP) dans le cadre d'un dialogue essai/ calcul, en menant en parallèle une campagne d'essais expérimentaux et l'adaptation d'un modèle numérique de l'endommagement des composites.Le volet expérimental étudie successivement l'impact, la compression et la fatigue à R=-l après impact (CAI et FAI) d'éprouvettes comportant une ZRP. L'analyse des essais d'impact a permis d'identifier la résistance à l'impact et le mécanisme d'endommagement des éprouvettes. Ensuite, un outillage d'essai adapté à la géométrie des éprouvettes a été conçu pour les essais de CAI et de FAI. Les essais de compression montrent une tenue résiduelle statique après impact similaire à celle des éprouvettes sans perte de plis. Les essais de fatigue menés à 60 070 de la tenue résiduelle statique montrent une propagation des délaminages d'impact (en dessous du BVID) qui mène à la rupture des éprouvettes pour un nombre de cycles relativement faible. Alors que la tolérance aux dommages d'impact des ZRP sous chargement statique est comparable à celle des zones courantes lisses, on constate une forte vulnérabilité de ces zones sous chargement de fatigue.Le volet numérique a permis de tester l'approche DPM (Discrete Ply Model), développé lors de travaux précédents, sur une configuration particulière. Un maillage spécifique a été réalisé pour tenir compte des discontinuités de la ZRP. Au niveau de la loi matériau, une formulation unifiée de la rupture de fibres en traction/compression a été implémentée. Les résultats de la simulation d'impact sont en bonne corrélation avec les données expérimentales. Le modèle est capable de prédire la réponse globale de l'éprouvette ainsi que l'étendu des dommages internes. La modélisation de la CAI a permis de confirmer les mécanismes de rupture identifiés lors des essais. Ces résultats numériques sont remarquables puisqu' aucune modélisation locale particulière n'a été faite pour les arrêts de plis. L'approche DPM s'est révélée suffisamment robuste et bien adaptée à la modélisation de l'endommagement des stratifiés unidirectionnels. / The residual strength after low velocity impact is a sizing criterion of thin composite structures in aeronautics. The majority of work on the subject is focused on the analysis of plain laminates. This study expands the field of interest to tapered area. The objective is to study the impact damage tolerance of a laminate with ply drop-off using an experiment/ modelling dialogue: on one hand carrying experimental test campaign and on other hand adapting numerical modelling of composite damage. The experimental part successively examines the impact, compression and fatigue R=-l after impact (CAI and FAI) of specimens with ply drop-off. Analysis of the impact results has enabled the identification of impact resistance and damage mechanism. Then, a testing tool for CAI and FAI was specially designed to suit the geometry of the specimens. Compression tests show a static residual strength after impact similar to plain laminates. Fatigue tests carried at 60% of CAI strength show a propagation of impact delamination (below B VID). Failure of specimens occurs after a relatively small number of cycles. While the impact damage tolerance of tapered laminates is comparable to plain laminates under static loading, high vulnerability is observed under fatigue loading. The numerical part allowed to test the Discrete Ply Model (DPM), developed in previous works, on a particular configuration. A specific meshing was realized to account for the discontinuities in the ply drop-off area. Regarding the material law, a unified formulation of the fiber breakage in tension/ compression is implemented. Impact simulation results correlated well with the experimental data. The model is able to predict the overall response of the specimen and internal damage. The modeling of the CAI enabled to confirm the failure mechanisms identified during tests. These numerical results are remarkable since no particular local modeling has been realized for the ply drop-off area. DPM approach has proven robust enough and well suited to damage modeling of unidirectional laminates.
12

La responsabilité extra-contractuelle du fournisseur d'accès à Internet / The liability of Internet service providers

Duhen, Willy 23 June 2012 (has links)
Principal acteur de la communication au public en ligne, le fournisseur d'accès à Internet offre une connexion, contrôle les points d'accès, identifie les utilisateurs. Ses responsabilités extra-contractuelles résultent de ses multiples fonctions : prestataire technique, responsable de traitement des données, exécutant d'injonctions judiciaires. Ses responsabilités sont abondantes et parfois surabondantes. Toutefois, malgré un régime de responsabilité qui lui est spécifiquement applicable, la notion de "fournisseur d'accès à Internet" n'est toujours pas juridiquement définie. Cette imprécision de la notion entraîne une profusion de régimes juridiques imposant le statut de fournisseur d'accès à des acteurs dont l'activité principale n'est pas la fourniture d'une connexion à Internet : Universités, entreprises, particuliers. Dès lors, les responsabilités extra-contractuelles pénales, civiles et administratives se multiplient et créent un régime obligationnel instable, obscur, voire abscons. Cet éclatement lexical et juridique est encore aggravé par l'application fonctionnelle à l'activité de fourniture d'accès, du droit des communications électroniques et de la société de l'information. Il est alors nécessaire de proposer une définition formelle du fournisseur d'accès à Internet susceptible d'unifier son régime de responsabilité autour de notions juridiques stabilisées. Cette reconstruction affectera inévitablement la réglementation relative à la communication au public en ligne et à ses acteurs, mais proposera une possible fondation au droit des communications électroniques / Internet Service Providers are major actors of the Information Society. They offer connections, controls access points, and can also identify their users. Their many liabilities result from their multiple functions as technical services provider, data controller or performers of judicial orders. These legal obligations are numerous and sometimes overabundant. In spite of an existing and specific liability status, the very notion of "Internet service provider" still remains legally undefined. This lacuna entails a profusion of legal status imposing an ISP status to players for which the main activity is not to provide an Internet connection : Universities, companies, individuals. From then on, criminal, civil and administrative liabilities multiply and create an instable, obscure and even abstruse status. This lexical and legal scattering is even worsened by the functional application of the electronic communications and Information Society legal framework to access providing activities. It is then necessary to unify the legal regimes associated to those activities according to stabilized legal concepts. This reconstruction will inevitably affect the Information Society legal framework as a whole. Eventually, it will open on a possible ground for the electronic communications legal framework
13

Verification of a method for sexual hormone-binding globulin analysis and estimation of free testosterone

Englund, Sofia January 2012 (has links)
Introduction: Sexual hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) is a protein that binds to androgens and oestrogens, especially testosterone. The fraction of testosterone that is not bound to SHBG is the biologically active fraction which makes its determination more relevant than determining the total amount of circulating testosterone. It is difficult to measure the plasma concentration of free testosterone; therefore calculations using the concentrations of testosterone and SHBG are used to estimate the amount of free testosterone. A few calculations include the concentration of albumin because testosterone also binds to albumin. The main aims of this study were to verify a method for the determination of SHBG and to calculate a reference interval for free androgen index (FAI, testosterone/SHBG) in women. Other calculations for determination of the free testosterone fraction were compared. Methods: Testosterone, SHBG and albumin were measured in serum from 20 men and 100 women. Testosterone and SHBG was measured using immunoassays on a Roche Modular E instrument (ECLIA). Albumin was measured with a c8000 Architect instrument. Four calculations, two with only testosterone and SHBG and two with testosterone, SHBG and albumin were compared.  Results/Conclusion: The verification of the SHBG method was successful which means that the method can be taken into routine use. A reference interval for FAI was constructed. It was difficult to show if other estimation of free testosterone would work better than FAI in clinical practice. This is discussed.
14

Könskillnader i återgång till idrott efter kirurgi av femuroacetabulärt impingment : En systematisk litteraturöversikt

Kallin, Hanna, Segolsson, Emilia January 2024 (has links)
Introduktion: Femuroacetabulärt impingement (FAI) är en vanlig diagnos inom idrotten som ofta kräver operation. Vid FAI uppvisar män mer strukturella avvikelser medan kvinnor skattar högre smärta. Viss tidigare forskning har rapporterat kvinnligt kön som riskfaktor för sämre utfall vid operation för FAI, medan annan forskning inte funnit några könsskillnader. Det tycks även råda olika definitioner kring det patientrapporterade utfallet återgång till idrott (RTS).  Syfte: Syftet med denna systematiska litteraturöversikt var att kartlägga eventuella könsskillnader i återgång till idrott efter kirurgi hos idrottare med FAI.  Metod: Litteratursökning utfördes på tre databaser; PubMed, Scopus och Web of Science. Söksträngen för samtliga databaser formulerades systematiskt utifrån syfte med stöd av PICO. Alla inkluderade studier var av designen kohort och publicerade mellan 2014 och 2024. Urvalet av artiklarma gjordes med stöd av PRISMAs flödesdiagram och granskades vidare med SBU:s granskningsmall för exponeringsstudier.  Resultat: Litteraturöversikten inkluderade åtta studier. Resultatet visade att det inte tycks finnas skillnader mellan män och kvinnor gällande återgång till idrott efter operation för FAI. Däremot så påvisades skillnad i övriga pre- och postoperativa PRO. Män uppvisade högre poäng både pre- och postoperativt medan kvinnor uppvisade större förbättring. Konklusion: Resultatet av denna studie visade ingen signifikant skillnad i återgång till idrott mellan män och kvinnor. Däremot föreligger det skillnader i patientrapporterad smärta och funktion både pre- och postoperativt mellan könen. Uppföljningstid efter kirurgi av FAI ses också vara en påverkande faktor vid analys av utfall. Vidare utveckling och definition av återgång till idrott krävs för att tillgodogöra rättvisa analyser i framtidens forskning.
15

Fysioterapeutiska interventioner och utvärderingsinstrument vid behandling av femoroacetabulär impingement : En kartläggande litteraturstudie / Physiotherapeutic interventions and outcome measures in the treatment of femoroacetabular impingement : a scoping review

Ulriksson, Markel, Sjöman, Markus January 2022 (has links)
Bakgrund Femoroacetabulär impingement (FAI) syndrom är en allt vanligare rörelserelaterad funktionsnedsättning i höften, relaterat till en prematur kontakt mellan proximalafemur och acetabulum. Fysioterapi har visat god effekt vid behandlingen av FAI men aktuell forskning är begränsad och konsensus kring bästa behandlingsmetod saknas. Syfte Identifiera och kategorisera vilka fysioterapeutiska interventioner som används vid behandlingen av femoroacetabulär impingement (FAI), hur interventionerna utvärderas och presentera effekten av dessa interventioner. Metod Kartläggande litteraturöversikt. I februari 2022 genomfördes en elektronisk sökning efter vetenskapliga originalstudier från 2012, i databaserna PubMed, CINAHL och PEDRO. Totalt 1672 studier granskades varav 23 inkluderades. Huvudtyper av interventioner identifieras och kategoriserades med stöd av ICF-ramverket utifrån avsett syfte. Resultat Ur 23 inkluderade studier identifierades 36 huvudtyper av interventioner. Av dessaka tegoriseras 25 interventioner under ICF komponenten kroppsfunktioner. Hälften av interventionerna kategoriseras under neuromuskuloskeletala och rörelserelaterade funktioner. Av totalt 33 olika patientrapporterade utfallsmått (PROM) utgjorde iHOT-33, mHHS och NAHS de tre vanligast förekommande. Minst ett av de rekommenderade utfallsmåtten iHOT-12/-33, HAGOS och HOS användes i 70% av studierna. Alla inkluderade randomiserade kontrollerade studier visar signifikanta förbättringar vid användandet av fysioterapeutiska interventioner för FAI avseende PROM vid uppföljning jämfört baslinjen. Slutsats Utformningen av fysioterapeutiska interventioner vid FAI varierar, även om majoriteten syftar till att påverka neuromuskuloskeletala och rörelserelaterade funktioner. Det är möjligt att utifrån interventionens syfte klassificera interventioner vid FAI enligt ICF-ramverket. Rekommenderade diagnosspecifika PROM används i relativt hög utsträckning, till skillnad från de rekommenderade livskvalitetsmåtten. Studien belyser i likhet med tidigare forskning, bristen på konsensus gällande den fysioterapeutiska behandlingen vid FAI. / Background Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) syndrome is an increasingly prevalent movement related disability in the hip, related to premature contact between the femur and acetabulum. Physiotherapy has shown efficacy in treating FAI, but research is limited and shows a lack of consensus regarding best conservative care. Purpose This study aims to identify and categorize the type of physiotherapeutic interventions used in treating FAI, present the effects of these interventions and to map the use of outcome measures. Methods Scoping review. In February 2022 an electronic search was conducted across the databases PubMed, CINAHL and PEDRO. A total of 1672 studies were identified of which 23 met eligibility. Main types of interventions were identified and classified based on aim using the ICF-framework. Results A total of 36 main types of interventions were identified. Out of these, 25 could be categorized under the ICF-component body functions and 18 under neuromusculoskeletal and movement-related functions. Out of 33 total PROMs, iHOT-33, mHHS and NAHS saw most use. At least one of the recommended PROMs was used in 70% of the studies. Included RCT: s show significant improvement on a variety of outcome scores. Conclusion Interventions treating FAI varies, with most targeting neuromusculoskeletal and movement-related functions. Categorization based on the aim of interventions is possible using the ICF-framework. Recommended hip-specific outcome measures are used to a greater extent compared to the more general quality of life measures. This study, in accordance with earlier research, illustrates the lack of consensus regarding the physiotherapeutic care of FAI.
16

The mechanics of cam-type femoroacetabular impingement

Ng, Annie Yuhn-Chee January 2013 (has links)
Cam-type Femoro-Acetabular Impingement (FAI) is a common cause of hip osteoarthritis (OA). In this condition a bony abnormality at the head-neck junction of the femoral head, called the “cam”, abuts against the acetabulum causing labral damage and articular cartilage delamination, which in turn may lead to progressive degeneration and OA. The understanding of the damage mechanism is currently at a conceptual level. The aim of the thesis is to develop a more detailed understanding of the underlying mechanism so as to improve methods of detection and treatment of cam-type FAI and thus to help prevent hip OA. A geometric-kinematic model combining hip joint motion and hip joint geometry was cre- ated to determine what motions, activities or cam shapes give rise to cam-type impingement, which was quantified by the proximity of the acetabular and femoral bony surfaces. Five normal subjects and five symptomatic cam-type FAI patients were modelled. The FAI patients experienced early impingement during the impingement test but did not have impingement during common functional activities. The early impingement was possibly due to the larger coverage and protrusion of their cams and the smaller overall proximity in their hip joints. A 2D finite element (FE) model was created to simulate cam-type FAI. As idealised 2D rectangular and circular geometries did not reproduce the damage seen clinically, subject- specific geometry, loads, and motions were introduced. Under some circumstances, as the cam entered the hip joint, large shear strains developed near the cartilage-bone interface of the acetabulum which would result in cartilage delamination. In vitro experiments were undertaken to validate the FE model and verify the damage mech- anism by which cam-type FAI leads to cartilage delamination. Porcine cartilage-bone samples were loaded under conditions similar to those generated by a cam (shear and compression). A validation FE model was created that used the same material and contact representations and analysis framework as the impingement FE model but mimicked the experimental setup. The cartilage shear strains assessed with a video-based method were similar to predicted FE results. In vitro damage experiments demonstrated that delamination can be caused by repetitive shear and compressive loading that lead to large shear strains near the cartilage-bone interface. The impingement FE model was used to further explore the effect of cam anatomy. In hips with low clearance, cams with large protrusions (75% hip joint clearance) would not enter into the hip joint, but caused high shear strains in the labrum, which would result in labral tears. A narrower cam caused damage to the labral tip, whereas a wider cam caused damage to the labral-bone junction. In contrast, cams with small protrusion (25% hip joint clearance) were able to enter the joint and caused damage at the articular cartilage-bone interface, which would result in cartilage delamination. The wider the cam, the further into the hip joint the damage was initiated. The FE model was used to explore the effect of different labral anatomy and of reshaping surgery. A labrum connected to the articular cartilage resulted in shear strains of up to five times greater in the articular cartilage and labrum compared to an unconnected labrum and was more likely to cause articular cartilage delamination. For a cam that damages the articular cartilage, surgical removal of the cam reduced shear strains. For a cam that abuts the labrum, surgical removal of the cam eliminated labral abutment and increased the range of motion of the hip, but resulted in greater shear strains in the articular cartilage. It is not known whether these shear strains are normal or could possibly be damaging. Also, reshaping the head to be spherical resulted in slightly reduced shear strains in the articular cartilage compared to the current surgical practice of cutting deeper into the femoral head when removing the cam. This study has, for the first time, using a validated FE model demonstrated the mechanism by which a cam can cause articular cartilage delamination and labral tearing. Further analysis using the geometric and FE model should help identify cam deformities that would be likely to cause OA and the best way to treat them surgically so as to prevent OA.
17

Envisioning future bodies: Choy Ka Fai’s experimental practice at the interface of choreography, media art and archival processes

Ka Fai, Choy, Ortmann, Lucie 30 June 2023 (has links)
Berlin-based Singaporean dance and multimedia artist Choy Ka Fai experiments with digital mapping, the storage and transmission of choreography and Asian spiritual dance practices. He has built a comprehensive and growing archive of recorded choreographies from artistic, spiritual, folkloric, and pop cultural contexts. It includes avatars of dancers, field and video recordings of dances and rituals and interviews with various protagonists. Choy Ka Fai explores altered and expanded corporeal states and the relationships between bodies and both worldly and spiritual phenomena. In his work, organic, material and data-based bodies appear side by side on an equal level and futuristic and queer potentials of human and digital bodies are made visible. In conversation with Lucie Ortmann Choy Ka Fai emphasises the fundamental importance of the practise of archiving for his work. He talks about his methods of showing and sharing his extensive, collected and created material in constantly new formats, ranging from performance, video installation, lecture to digital games, and how he continues to develop it further. He also reflects on the challenging processes of transferring and translating spiritual practises and dance cultures to different contexts and audiences.
18

Minúcias da vida cotidiana no fazer-fazendo da docência na educação infantil

Martins Filho, Altino José January 2013 (has links)
Questa tesi consiste nella presentazione dei risultati di un sondaggio condotto in un istituto di prima infanzia si trova in un comune situato nella regione di Florianópolis / SC, nel corso del 2010. Lo studio ha lo scopo di descrivere e analizzare le varie minuzie della vita quotidiana nella professione di insegnante, mettendo in evidenza gli elementi di constituidores fanno fare gli insegnanti. Nel sondaggio cercato legami più stretti tra Pedagogia dell'Infanzia e Sociologia della vita quotidiana, alla ricerca di interfacce interdisciplinari come un modo per comprendere l'insegnamento nel corso della vita di tutti i giorni, e di contribuire alla costruzione di un punto di vista socio-pedagogico dell'infanzia e dell'educazione. I percorsi di indagine, seguendo le ipotesi della ricerca qualitativa mi hanno portato alla realizzazione di un approccio interpretativo, la creazione di un caso di studio. I docenti di questo istituto sono stati i miei interlocutori e mi hanno messo in evidenza, attraverso narrazioni orali, le dinamiche delle diverse routine fare facendo l'insegnamento. Io uso anche racconti scritti da uno degli insegnanti, messa a fuoco della ricerca, e ancora record in campo notebook basato sull'osservazione con la partecipazione al corso di un anno. La scelta di concentrarsi insegnante ha seguito alcuni criteri precedentemente elaborati, il cui requisito fondamentale era che erano un professionista di presentare un "insegnamento di successo". Il contributo principale di questo studio sta nel comprendere che l'azione riflessiva intorno alle varie minuzie della vita quotidiana, soprattutto per quanto riguarda far fare il giorno di insegnamento al giorno, permette di comprendere la complessità della vita vissuta in collettiva istituzione educativa. Hanno mostrato, inoltre, che le minuzie, intesi da alcuni insegnanti come attività didattiche e pedagogiche relative alla cura precoce e educazione - che guidano le dimensioni specifiche di insegnamento nell'educazione della prima infanzia - non sono visti come tali dalla istituzione più professionale. / A presente tese consiste na apresentação dos resultados de uma pesquisa realizada em uma instituição de educação infantil localizada em um município situado na região da Grande Florianópolis/SC, no decorrer do ano de 2010. O estudo teve como objetivo descrever e analisar as diferentes minúcias da vida cotidiana no exercício da docência, destacando os elementos constituidores do fazer-fazendo das professoras. Na pesquisa procurei estreitar os elos entre a Pedagogia da Infância e a Sociologia do Cotidiano, buscando interfaces interdisciplinares como forma de compreender a docência no decurso da vida cotidiana, e de contribuir na construção de uma perspectiva sociopedagógica de infância e de educação. Os caminhos investigativos, seguindo pelos pressupostos da pesquisa qualitativa, conduziram-me à realização de uma abordagem interpretativa, configurando-se um estudo de caso. As professoras da referida instituição foram minhas interlocutoras e me permitiram evidenciar, por meio de narrativas orais, a dinâmica das diferentes rotinas no fazer-fazendo da docência. Também utilizei narrativas escritas de uma das professoras, foco da pesquisa, e ainda registros em caderno de campo com base na observação com participação, no percurso de um ano. A escolha da professora foco seguiu alguns critérios previamente elaborados, cujo requisito essencial era o de que se tratasse de uma profissional que apresentasse uma “docência bem sucedida”. A principal contribuição deste estudo situa-se na compreensão de que a ação reflexiva em torno das diferentes minúcias da vida cotidiana, especialmente no que tange ao fazer-fazendo no dia a dia da docência, possibilita entender a complexidade da própria vida vivida no coletivo da instituição educativa. Evidenciou-se também que as minúcias, entendidas por algumas professoras como atividades educacional-pedagógicas relacionadas ao princípio de cuidado e educação - dimensões norteadoras da especificidade da docência na educação infantil -, ainda não são vistas como tal por grande parte das profissionais da instituição. / The present thesis is about the result presentations of a research held in an infantile education institution placed in a municipality in Florianópolis/SC in 2010. The study aims to describe and analyze different details of everyday life concern to teaching, highlighting the constitutor elements of make-making of teachers. In the research was tried to narrow the links between Childhood Pedagogy and Everyday Life Sociology, searching for interdisciplinary interfaces as a way to understand teaching along everyday life and to contribute in the construction of a childhood and education socio-pedagogy perspective. The investigative ways, following by the qualitative research presumptions have led to hold an interpretative approach, configuring a case study. The teachers from that institution were interlocutors and allowed proving, through oral reports, the different routine dynamics of make-making of teaching. It was also used written reports of one of the teachers, focus of the research, and also records in notebook based on observation with participation, along the year. The choice of the focused teacher followed some criteria previously elaborated and the essential requisite was that the professional had a “successful teaching”. The main contribution of this study is placed on the understanding that the reflexive action surrounded by detailed differences of everyday life, specially, concerned to make-making of teaching everyday life, allows understanding the complexity of life lived in the educative institution collectivity. It was evidenced also that the details, understood by some teachers as educational-pedagogical activities related to care and education principle – dimensions that lead to specific teaching in infantile education -, are still not seen as such for most professionals of the institutions.
19

Routage Efficace pour les Réseaux Pair-à-Pair utilisant des Tables de Hachage Distribuées

Fayçal, Marguerite 28 May 2010 (has links) (PDF)
Ce mémoire est une synthèse de nos travaux de recherche menés au sein des laboratoires d'Orange Labs (anciennement France Télécom R&D) pour répondre à une problématique identifiée par ledit opérateur et concernant les flux d'échanges en mode pair-à-pair (P2P). Communément assimilé à un échange de fichiers, le P2P a de nombreuses applications. Il correspond à une évolution du monde du logiciel, des réseaux et des équipements. Au-delà du partage, nous sommes confrontés à une puissance disponible de façon distribuée (en termes de CPU, bande passante, stockage, etc.). La montée en puissance du P2P exige de nouveaux systèmes pouvant satisfaire les besoins des usagers, mais aussi ceux des fournisseurs d'accès à Internet (FAI) et autres opérateurs de réseaux. Les premiers cherchent en permanence une bonne qualité de service (QoS) bien perceptible. Les seconds aspirent à l'optimisation de l'usage des ressources du réseau (notamment la bande-passante) et à la réduction des différents coûts d'opération et de maintenance (dont ceux découlant de leurs accords économiques inter-opérateurs). D'où l'intérêt de nos travaux de recherche qui visent à sensibiliser un réseau P2P au réseau IP sous-jacent, afin d'aboutir à un système de routage P2P efficace, en phase avec les politiques des réseaux d'infrastructures sous-jacents. Ces travaux se focalisent sur les systèmes P2P utilisant des tables de hachage distribuées (DHT), après les avoir étudiées et analysées. Ce mémoire commence par une analyse des principaux protocoles de découverte de ressources dynamiques dans les différentes architectures de réseaux P2P. Les exigences requises pour un routage P2P efficace sont par la suite établies. Il s'en suit une présentation des techniques de génération de l'information de proximité sous-jacente, ainsi que des techniques et principaux systèmes d'exploitation de cette information. Nos travaux de recherche ont abouti à la définition, la conception, la spécification et l'analyse individuelle et comparative de deux systèmes : CAP (Context-Aware P2P system) et NETPOPPS (NETwork Provider Oriented P2P System). Le premier système est sensible au contexte et introduit une sémantique dans les identifiants des pairs et des objets. Le second système est orienté opérateur de réseau, et adapte les flux P2P à la topologie sous-jacente et aux politiques de l'opérateur, tout en simplifiant la gestion des différents identifiants.
20

Minúcias da vida cotidiana no fazer-fazendo da docência na educação infantil

Martins Filho, Altino José January 2013 (has links)
Questa tesi consiste nella presentazione dei risultati di un sondaggio condotto in un istituto di prima infanzia si trova in un comune situato nella regione di Florianópolis / SC, nel corso del 2010. Lo studio ha lo scopo di descrivere e analizzare le varie minuzie della vita quotidiana nella professione di insegnante, mettendo in evidenza gli elementi di constituidores fanno fare gli insegnanti. Nel sondaggio cercato legami più stretti tra Pedagogia dell'Infanzia e Sociologia della vita quotidiana, alla ricerca di interfacce interdisciplinari come un modo per comprendere l'insegnamento nel corso della vita di tutti i giorni, e di contribuire alla costruzione di un punto di vista socio-pedagogico dell'infanzia e dell'educazione. I percorsi di indagine, seguendo le ipotesi della ricerca qualitativa mi hanno portato alla realizzazione di un approccio interpretativo, la creazione di un caso di studio. I docenti di questo istituto sono stati i miei interlocutori e mi hanno messo in evidenza, attraverso narrazioni orali, le dinamiche delle diverse routine fare facendo l'insegnamento. Io uso anche racconti scritti da uno degli insegnanti, messa a fuoco della ricerca, e ancora record in campo notebook basato sull'osservazione con la partecipazione al corso di un anno. La scelta di concentrarsi insegnante ha seguito alcuni criteri precedentemente elaborati, il cui requisito fondamentale era che erano un professionista di presentare un "insegnamento di successo". Il contributo principale di questo studio sta nel comprendere che l'azione riflessiva intorno alle varie minuzie della vita quotidiana, soprattutto per quanto riguarda far fare il giorno di insegnamento al giorno, permette di comprendere la complessità della vita vissuta in collettiva istituzione educativa. Hanno mostrato, inoltre, che le minuzie, intesi da alcuni insegnanti come attività didattiche e pedagogiche relative alla cura precoce e educazione - che guidano le dimensioni specifiche di insegnamento nell'educazione della prima infanzia - non sono visti come tali dalla istituzione più professionale. / A presente tese consiste na apresentação dos resultados de uma pesquisa realizada em uma instituição de educação infantil localizada em um município situado na região da Grande Florianópolis/SC, no decorrer do ano de 2010. O estudo teve como objetivo descrever e analisar as diferentes minúcias da vida cotidiana no exercício da docência, destacando os elementos constituidores do fazer-fazendo das professoras. Na pesquisa procurei estreitar os elos entre a Pedagogia da Infância e a Sociologia do Cotidiano, buscando interfaces interdisciplinares como forma de compreender a docência no decurso da vida cotidiana, e de contribuir na construção de uma perspectiva sociopedagógica de infância e de educação. Os caminhos investigativos, seguindo pelos pressupostos da pesquisa qualitativa, conduziram-me à realização de uma abordagem interpretativa, configurando-se um estudo de caso. As professoras da referida instituição foram minhas interlocutoras e me permitiram evidenciar, por meio de narrativas orais, a dinâmica das diferentes rotinas no fazer-fazendo da docência. Também utilizei narrativas escritas de uma das professoras, foco da pesquisa, e ainda registros em caderno de campo com base na observação com participação, no percurso de um ano. A escolha da professora foco seguiu alguns critérios previamente elaborados, cujo requisito essencial era o de que se tratasse de uma profissional que apresentasse uma “docência bem sucedida”. A principal contribuição deste estudo situa-se na compreensão de que a ação reflexiva em torno das diferentes minúcias da vida cotidiana, especialmente no que tange ao fazer-fazendo no dia a dia da docência, possibilita entender a complexidade da própria vida vivida no coletivo da instituição educativa. Evidenciou-se também que as minúcias, entendidas por algumas professoras como atividades educacional-pedagógicas relacionadas ao princípio de cuidado e educação - dimensões norteadoras da especificidade da docência na educação infantil -, ainda não são vistas como tal por grande parte das profissionais da instituição. / The present thesis is about the result presentations of a research held in an infantile education institution placed in a municipality in Florianópolis/SC in 2010. The study aims to describe and analyze different details of everyday life concern to teaching, highlighting the constitutor elements of make-making of teachers. In the research was tried to narrow the links between Childhood Pedagogy and Everyday Life Sociology, searching for interdisciplinary interfaces as a way to understand teaching along everyday life and to contribute in the construction of a childhood and education socio-pedagogy perspective. The investigative ways, following by the qualitative research presumptions have led to hold an interpretative approach, configuring a case study. The teachers from that institution were interlocutors and allowed proving, through oral reports, the different routine dynamics of make-making of teaching. It was also used written reports of one of the teachers, focus of the research, and also records in notebook based on observation with participation, along the year. The choice of the focused teacher followed some criteria previously elaborated and the essential requisite was that the professional had a “successful teaching”. The main contribution of this study is placed on the understanding that the reflexive action surrounded by detailed differences of everyday life, specially, concerned to make-making of teaching everyday life, allows understanding the complexity of life lived in the educative institution collectivity. It was evidenced also that the details, understood by some teachers as educational-pedagogical activities related to care and education principle – dimensions that lead to specific teaching in infantile education -, are still not seen as such for most professionals of the institutions.

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