This thesis assesses three United States Supreme Court opinions, engaging in an inductive approach to generic criticism, in an attempt to discover whether or not there are similarities and/or differences in these decisions. This study focuses on draft card, flag, and cross burning cases argued before the Court in order to discover the potential genre's characteristics.

The thesis named Journalist Julius Pachmayer in the People's Court in detail and comprehensively deals with the case of the fascist, pro-Nazi political movement Flag member Julius Pachmayer. Pachmayer was also an editor and editor in chief of the newspaper of the same name, which was published in the First and Second Republic and the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. Pachmayer was a professional journalist, who in addition to Flag has also contributed to the People's leaves, the Czech word, National politics and other pro- German sheets that were issued in the time of Protectorate. After the Second World War, the People's Court tried and convicted Pachmayer of collaborating with the Nazis to prison, where he died in 1947. This thesis deals with Pachmayer's life and his journalistic praxis, the behaviour in Flag and also deals with the court process from arrest to Pachmayer's death in a prison hospital. The main goal of this thesis is to answer the question whether the Julius Pachmayer was an activist collaborator, or rather just conformist performing the orders which war period requested.

Alexander A. Razborov (2007) developed the theory of flag algebras to compute the minimum asymptotic density of triangles in a graph as a function of its edge density. The theory of flag algebras, however, can be used to study the asymptotic density of several combinatorial objects. In this dissertation, we present two original results obtained in the theory of tournaments through application of flag algebra proof techniques. The first result concerns minimization of the asymptotic density of transitive tournaments in a sequence of tournaments, which we prove to occur if and only if the sequence is quasi-random. As a byproduct, we also obtain new quasi-random characterizations and several other flag algebra elements whose density is minimized if and only if the sequence is quasi-random. The second result concerns a class of equivalent properties of a sequence of tournaments that we call quasi-carousel properties and that, in a similar fashion as quasi-random properties, force the sequence to converge to a specific limit homomorphism. Several quasi-carousel properties, when compared to quasi-random properties, suggest that quasi-random sequences and quasi-carousel sequences are the furthest possible from each other within the class of almost balanced sequences. / Alexander A. Razborov (2007) desenvolveu a teoria de álgebras de flags para calcular a densidade assintótica mínima de triângulos em um grafo em função de sua densidade de arestas. A teoria das álgebras de flags, contudo, pode ser usada para estudar densidades assintóticas de diversos objetos combinatórios. Nesta dissertação, apresentamos dois resultados originais obtidos na teoria de torneios através de técnicas de demonstração de álgebras de flags. O primeiro resultado compreende a minimização da densidade assintótica de torneios transitivos em uma sequência de torneios, a qual provamos ocorrer se e somente se a sequência é quase aleatória. Como subprodutos, obtemos também novas caracterizações de quase aleatoriedade e diversos outros elementos da álgebra de flags cuja densidade é minimizada se e somente se a sequência é quase aleatória. O segundo resultado compreende uma classe de propriedades equivalentes sobre uma sequência de torneios que chamamos de propriedades quase carrossel e que, de uma forma similar às propriedades quase aleatórias, forçam que a sequência convirja para um homomorfismo limite específico. Várias propriedades quase carrossel, quando comparadas às propriedades quase aleatórias, sugerem que sequências quase aleatórias e sequências quase carrossel estão o mais distantes possível umas das outras na classe de sequências quase balanceadas.

<p>The study looked particularly at the operations of national carriers and governments&lsquo / efforts to sustain the airlines&lsquo / operations. Evidence has shown that many countries struggle to maintain operations of their flag carriers, but few countries are willing to completely leave the airlines in the hands of the private sector because of national pride. On the other hand, many of those airlines that get into private hands fail and end up being closed down or go back into state hands. These airlines are also perceived to be development tools, in particular for tourism development which is a predominant economic activity in many developing countries. For this reason, many states do not favour privatisation, even though the perception is that the airline industry is better handled by private businesses. The main conclusion of the study for Botswana is therefore that neither full state ownership nor full privatisation is the solution to addressing the problem of ailing flag carriers. There is no single solution, but a combination of several. A broader global view of national airline operations clearly shows that approaches adopted by many successful national airlines, in both developed and developing countries, is some form of partial privatisation.</p>

Recent debates as to the place of Old South symbols and institutions in the South of the new millennium are evidence of a changing order in the South. I examine -- from a rhetorical perspective informed by Kenneth Burke's theory of identification and division -- four debates that have taken place in the South and/or about the South over roughly the past decade, 1995 to the present. In this decade, Southerners and interested others have debated such issues as 1) admitting women to the Virginia Military Institute and the Citadel; 2) integrating displays of public art in Richmond to feature Confederates and African Americans side by side; 3) continuing to fly the Confederate battle flag in public spaces such as the South Carolina Capitol or including it in the designs of state flags such as those of Georgia and Mississippi; and 4) allowing Mississippi Senator Trent Lott, who seemed to speak out in support of the South's segregated past, to continue in his position of Senate leadership. Looking at each of these debates, it is clear that at issue in each is whether the ruling order of the South should continue to be one of division or whether that order should be supplanted by identification. Judging from the outcomes of the four debates analyzed here, the order of division seems to be waning just as the order of identification seems to be waxing in influence over the turn-of-the-millennium South. But a changing South is no less a distinctive, continuing South. I argue that a distinctive Southern culture based on a sense of order has existed and continues to exist amidst the larger American culture. If some form of "Southernism" is to continue as a distinctive mindset and way of life in the twenty-first century, Southerners will need to learn to strike a balance between their past, with its ruling order of division, and the present, with its ruling order of identification.

Das Ziel der Arbeit besteht darin, einen Beitrag zur Entwicklung der kombinatorischen Integralgeometrie zu leisten. In der Arbeit werden Bewertungen (Valuation) in den Räumen der Geraden und Ebenen im $\R^3$ betrachtet, die von Flagfunktionen abhängen. Unter geeigneten Glattheitsvoraussetzungen an die Flagfunktionen werden notwendige und hinreichende Bedingungen gegeben, die die Fortsetzung der entsprechender Bewertung zu einem signierten Maß sichern. Diese integralgeometrischen Untersuchungen führten zu einer Anzahl von interessanten Ergebnissen, speziell bei der Beschreibung von Metriken im Sinne von Hilberts viertem Problem.

Μια από τις πιο επιτυχείς προσεγγίσεις της γεωμετρίας είναι αυτή που πρότεινε ο Γερμανός μαθηματικός Felix Klein στο γνωστό Πρόγραμμα Erlangen. To πρόγραμμα αυτό αποτέλεσε ένα γενικό σχέδιο ταξινόμησης των διάφορων γεωμετριών που εμφανίστηκαν μετά την ανακάλυψη των μη Ευκλείδειων γεωμετριών, με τεράστιες επιπτώσεις όχι μόνο στα μαθηματικά αλλά και στη θεωρητική φυσική. Σύμγωνα με τον Klein, το αντικείμενο της γεωμετρίας είναι μια πολλαπλότητα στην οποία δρα μια ομάδα μετασχηματισμών, η οποία συνήθως είναι μια ομάδα Lie. Στη περίπτωση που η ομάδα δρα μεταβατικά πάνω στην πολλαπλότητα, τότε οδηγούμαστε στην περίτωση των ομογενών χώρων. Κλασικά παραδείγματα τέτοιων χώρων αποτελούν η σφαίρα και ο πραγματικός ή μιγαδικός προβολικός χώρος. Η βασική ιδιότητα των ομογενών χώρων είναι ότι αν γνωρίζουμε την τιμή κάποιου γεωμετρικού μεγέθους (για παράδειγμα της καμπυλότητας) σε ένα σημείο του χώρου τότε χρησιμοποιώντας κατάλληλες απεικονίσεις μεταφοράς μπορούμε να υπολογίσουμε την τιμή του μεγέθους αυτού σε οποιοδήποτε άλλο σημείο του χώρου. Στην εργασία μας περιγράφουμε τη γεωμετρία των χώρων αυτών χρησιμοποιώντας εργαλεία από τη θεωρία των ομάδων Lie. Το δεύτερο σκέλος της εργασίας αφορά τη θεωρία των πολλαπλοτήτων σημαιών, οι οποίες αποτελούν και μια ιδιαίτερη κλάση ομογενών χώρων. Μια πολλαπλότητα σημαιών είναι η τροχιά της συζυγούς αναπαράστασης μιας ημιαπλής ομάδας Lie. Οι χώροι αυτοί δέχονται μια κομψή αλγεβρική περιγραφή χρησιμοποιώντας τη δομική θεωρία των ημιαπλών αλγεβρών Lie και ταξινομούνται από τα χρωματιστά διαγράμματα Dynkin. / One of the most successful approaches to geometry is that suggested by the german mathematician Felix Klein and his famous Erlangen programm. According to Klein, a geometry is the study of all these objects which remain invariant under the action of a transormation group. Usually this group is a Lie group. If the above action is transitive then the space is called Homogeneous space. Classical examples of these spaces are the sphere and the real or complex projective space. The basic property of homogeneous spaces is that if we know the value of a geometrical object (e.g curvature) at a given point, then we can calculate the value of this quantity at any other point by using certain translations maps. In this project we describe the geometry of homogeneous spaces, by using tools of the Lie group theory. The second part of this project has to do with generalized flag manifolds, which are an important class of homogeneous spaces. A flag manifold is the orbit of the adjoint representation of a compact semisimple Lie group. These spaces admit a nice algebraic description by using the structure theory of semisimple Lie algebras and are classified by painted Dynkin diagramms.

Neracionaliai naudojant paplūdimių ir jų maudyklų pajūrio bei vidaus vandenis, iškyla grėsmė žmonių sveikatai ir vandens išteklių naudingumui. Siekiant išvengti vandens telkinių devastacijos ir besimaudančiųjų susirgimų rizikos, būtina gerinti vandens telkinių stebėseną, kuri atitiktų ES direktyvų keliamus reikalavimus, darnaus vystimosi aspektus. Šiuo principu Aplinkosauginis švietimo fondas Europoje ir už jos ribų yra pristatęs Mėlynosios vėliavos programą. Darbo tikslas − įvertinti įteisintų Kauno miesto paplūdimių ir jų maudyklų atitikimą Mėlynosios vėliavos programos reikalavimams. Darbo tikslui pasiekti išanalizuota paplūdimių ir jų maudyklų teisinė bazė Europos Sąjungoje ir Lietuvoje, nustatyta įteisintų Kauno miesto paplūdimių ir jų maudyklų mikrobiologinė tarša, atliktas įteisintų paplūdimių galimybių vertinimas pagal privalomus Mėlynosios vėliavos programos paplūdimių kriterijus (aplinkosauginio švietimo ir informavimo, vandens kokybės, aplinkosauginio valdymo, saugumo ir paslaugų). Nustatant įteisintų Kauno miesto paplūdimių ir jų maudyklų mikrobiologinę taršą, naudojami Kauno visuomenės sveikatos centro 2000-2006 m. ir Lietuvos Higienos instituto 2007-2008 m. mikrobiologiniai maudyklų vandens kokybės tyrimų duomenys. Apibendrinus tyrimų rezultatus nustatyta, kad Europos Parlamento ir Tarybos Direktyvos 2006/7/EB dėl maudyklų vandens kokybės valdymo nuostatos perkeltos į LR higienos normą HN 92:2007 „Paplūdimiai ir jų maudyklų vandens kokybė“ bei Maudyklų vandens... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Unreasonable using of inland water recourses for recreation may cause a risk for human health and ecosystems’ stability. In order to avoid the devastation of ponds and the risk of infectious diseases, it is necessary to improve the water ponds monitoring, that should fulfil the requirements of European Union (EU) directives of sustainable development. For this reason the Foundation for Environmental Education has created the Blue Flag program, that is applied both for European and other countries. The aim of this work is to evaluate the possibilities of valid Kaunas town beaches to get the certificate of the Blue Flag program. For this reason, it was analyzed the bathing-places juridical basis in EU and Lithuania and determined the microbiological pollution of valid Kaunas town beaches. Evaluation of beaches was done according to the Blue Flag program compulsory criteria for water ponds: environmental education and information, water quality, environmental management, security and services. The water monitoring data of Kaunas public health centre and Lithuanian Institute of Hygiene were used for the assessment of water microbiological pollution. It was found out that the statements of the European Parliament and of the Council directive 2006/7/EB for bathing water quality were transferred to the LR Hygiene Norm HN 92:2007 “Beaches and Bathing water quality“ and to the bathing water quality monitoring project for the years of 2009-2011. The highest microbiological pollution... [to full text]

<p>The study looked particularly at the operations of national carriers and governments&lsquo / efforts to sustain the airlines&lsquo / operations. Evidence has shown that many countries struggle to maintain operations of their flag carriers, but few countries are willing to completely leave the airlines in the hands of the private sector because of national pride. On the other hand, many of those airlines that get into private hands fail and end up being closed down or go back into state hands. These airlines are also perceived to be development tools, in particular for tourism development which is a predominant economic activity in many developing countries. For this reason, many states do not favour privatisation, even though the perception is that the airline industry is better handled by private businesses. The main conclusion of the study for Botswana is therefore that neither full state ownership nor full privatisation is the solution to addressing the problem of ailing flag carriers. There is no single solution, but a combination of several. A broader global view of national airline operations clearly shows that approaches adopted by many successful national airlines, in both developed and developing countries, is some form of partial privatisation.</p>

我國是航運依存度相當高的國家，惟近年來國籍船隊噸位逐年下降，此一情形不僅造成我國船員就業機會減少、國內航運周邊產業萎縮，對於我國在船舶航安管理、本國船員權益維護及國際海運社會地位皆有不良影響。因此，為提升國家的海事競爭力，我國自2011年起實施船舶噸位稅制，以該稅制取代傳統之營利事業所得稅，期能透過此一優惠稅制吸引航商回流，惟選擇適用之航運業者數並未如預期。故本文擬自稅負觀點探討此一原因，透過國內企業之設算案例，比較我國傳統所得稅制並考量選擇適用噸位稅制所需之其他要件，做為個案研究，冀能發現在此稅制之適用下可能存在之問題與風險，並提出相關建議，俾提供政府機關制定相關政策之參考。 / The national fleet’s tonnage has declined in the recent years, therefore the employment market for Taiwanese seafarers is gradually shrinking. Shipping-related industries have also been withering. Hence, there will be impacts on safety management, rights and interests protection of seafarers of R.O.C. nationality and the social status of international maritime transport. To raise the overall international competitiveness of shipping industry, Taiwan implemented tonnage tax scheme in early 2011 to replace conventional profit-seeking enterprise income with tonnage tax. The main purpose of this practice is to attract overseas carriers; however, the number of national vessels did not significantly increase as expected. The research probes into the underlying problems through the case of domestic enterprises under different taxation system. This thesis would provide valuable references to pertinent authority while setting development policies of national fleets.