Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-22T22:18:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jordan Perdigao.pdf: 1526978 bytes, checksum: 10ccebd0bcd50fb9f9d7e359f1a901f4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-07-19 / Este trabajo sobre las misiones Carmleitas en la Amazonia Portuguesa, entre los siglos XVII y XVIII tiene la intención de ser una contribución a las investigaciones aún no comunes sobre dicho tema. A pesar de que han jugado un papel importante en la colonización portuguesa de lo que hoy es la Amazonia brasileña, especialmente en el contexto de lo que hoy es geograficamente el mayor de los estados de Brasil, - el Amazonas -, los Carmelitas son todavía, sin embargo, casi desconocidos para los estudiosos de la historia del Amazonas y de la Amazonia en su conjunto. En esta tesis los carmelitas son acompañados desde su llegada a la Amazonia en el primer capítulo, y desde su llegada en la Amazonia occidental en esta región, entre 1695 hasta 1755, fecha de cierre de las misiones por encargo de la Corona portuguesa, que se discute al final del último capitulo. Tema importante abordado en este trabajo, entre otros, es la participación de los Carmelitas en situaciones decisivas de los rios Negro y Solimões través de su obra misionera: los inicios del Lugar da Barra, actual Manaus, participación controversial en la guerra contra los Manau y otras naciones índias, y en el episodio Samuel Fritz con todas las consecuencias de la expansión de las fronteras portuguesas en Amazonia. Se destaca en esta obra, sobre todo en los dos últimos capítulos, el papel del P. Victoriano Pimentel y documentación importante que legó a la historiografia de su orden en la Amazonia. Al final se le da un toque de luz a los aspectos positivos de la presencia de los Carmelitas en la Amazonia, a pesar de las acusaciones de traición que se atribuyen a su misión religiosa y la perversión en la acumulación de la tierra, las drogas do sertão y esclavos para su orden. / Este trabalho sobre as Missões Carmelitas na Amazônia Portuguesa entre os séculos XVII e XVIII pretende ser de alguma contribuição para as investigações ainda pouco frequentes sobre o referido tema. Apesar de haverem tido papel importante na colonização portuguesa do que hoje é a Amazônia Brasileira, especialmente na configuração daquele que hoje é geograficamente o maior Estado brasileiro - o Amazonas -, os Carmelitas ainda são,entretanto, quase desconhecidos pelos estudiosos da história amazonense e amazônida como um todo. Na presente dissertação os Carmelitas são acompanhados desde sua chegada à Amazônia no primeiro capítulo e desde sua chegada à Amazônia Ocidental no segundo capítulo até o final de suas seis décadas de atuação nesta região, entre 1695 até 1755, quando as missões foram extintas por ordem da Coroa portuguesa, o que é abordado ao final do último capítulo. Importante temática abordada neste trabalho, dentre outras, é a da participação dos Carmelitas em situações decisivas do rio Negro e do Solimões por meio de sua atuação missionária: os inícios do Lugar da Barra, atual Manaus; a participação controversa na guerra aos Manau e outras nações indígenas; e o episódio Samuel Fritz com todas as consequências para a ampliação das fronteiras portuguesas na Amazônia. Destaca-se neste trabalho, especialmente nos dois últimos capítulos, o protagonismo do Fr. Victoriano Pimentel e a importante documentação que legou à historiografia de sua ordem na Amazônia. Ao final se dá um destaque a aspectos positivos da presença dos Camelitas na Amazônia, não obstante as acusações que lhes imputaram de traição à sua missão religiosa e perversão no acúmulo de terras, drogas do sertão e escravos para sua ordem.

Contrairement à ses prédécesseurs (Phénix, Super-Phénix, EFR…), le réacteur à neutrons rapides refroidi au sodium (RNR-Na) de IVième génération doit justifier un niveau de sûreté élevé tout en étant à la fois viable économiquement et non-proliférant. Profitant d’un large retour d’expérience, les combustibles de type Oxyde (U,Pu)O2 représentent actuellement la solution de référence en France. Cependant, les combustibles de type carbure (U,Pu)C sont considérés comme une option innovante pour apporter à la conception d’un RNR-Na des degrés d’optimisation supplémentaires. L’objectif de cette thèse était donc de mettre en avant les potentialités du combustible carbure en concevant un cœur de RNR-Na à la fois attractif d’un point de vue économique et au comportement naturel en transitoire incidentel. Pour un parc de réacteurs français, on s’intéressera plus particulièrement à des cœurs iso-générateurs de forte puissance électrique (1500 MWe).Cet objectif a requis la mise en place d’une approche pluridisciplinaire prenant en compte les contraintes de thermomécanique combustible et de thermo-hydraulique en transitoire incidentel dès les premières étapes de la conception. Des modèles simplifiés basés sur les contre-réactions globales K, G et H ont été développés pour estimer le comportement d’un projet de cœur en transitoire de type insertion de réactivité, perte de débit primaire et/ou secondaire. L’avantage de cette nouvelle approche est surtout d’apporter au concepteur des outils complémentaires l’aidant à avoir une vision globale des problématiques de conception, mettant ainsi en avant les innovations ou les paramètres à optimiser pour améliorer les performances d’un cœur de RNR-Na.Cette approche a été appliquée à la conception de cœurs à combustibles carbure avec des performances très intéressantes. Un cœur de forte puissance électrique est proposé : il est isogénérateur de faible volume, avec un inventaire fissile initial réduit et un comportement naturel en transitoire incidentel très satisfaisant. Cependant, le taux de combustion d’une aiguille carbure dans un tel cœur semble limité à 100 MWj/kg à cause du gonflement important du carbure et de sa faible capacité à fluer, ce qui conduit rapidement à l’Interaction Mécanique Pastille-Gaine. Une aiguille fonctionnant à forte puissance linéique nécessite à la fois un jeu pastille-gaine épais et un joint sodium pour retarder l’IMPG, mais aussi un acier de gainage capable d’accommoder l’interaction par son fluage.Les performances en irradiation d’un combustible carbure pour un cœur industriel semblent donc très inférieures à celles obtenues expérimentalement dans le FBTR, où des aiguilles ont atteint un taux de combustion maximal de 155 MWj/kg. Cette différence a été étudiée et en partie expliquée, notamment par la fluence beaucoup plus faible obtenue dans un réacteur expérimental, retardant le critère de gonflement volumique. Deux voies d’exploration ont été mises en évidence pour augmenter les performances du carbure tel qu’utilisé dans un réacteur industriel. La première utilise un jeu pastille-gaine avec une technologie de type « buffer » pour retarder l’IMPG. La seconde est un cœur de faible fluence utilisant un enrichissement accru en plutonium. Les résultats préliminaires obtenus montrent que des taux de combustion supérieurs à 100 MWj/kg devraient être atteignables.Pour conclure, l’approche de conception pluridisciplinaire mise en place au cours de cette thèse s’est révélée efficace pour mettre en avant les avantages du combustible de type carbure. Celle-ci a permis de concevoir une image de cœur de RNR-Na attractive d’un point de vue économique, avec un comportement pardonnant en transitoire accidentel et capable d’atteindre un taux de combustion élevé. / Compared with earlier plant designs (Phénix, Super-Phénix, EFR), GEN IV Sodium-cooled Fast Reactor requires improved economics while meeting safety and non-proliferation criteria. Mixed Oxide (U-Pu)O2 fuels are considered as the reference fuels due to their important and satisfactory feedback experience. However, innovative carbide (U-Pu)C fuels can be considered as serious competitors for a prospective SFR fleet since carbide-fueled SFRs can offer another type of optimization which might overtake on some aspects the oxide fuel technology. The goal of this thesis is to reveal the potentials of carbide by designing an optimum carbide-fueled SFR with competitive features and a naturally safe behavior during transients. For a French nuclear fleet, a 1500 MW(e) break-even core is considered.To do so, a multi-physic approach was developed taking into account neutronics, fuel thermo-mechanics and thermal-hydraulic at a pre-design stage. Simplified modeling with the calculation of global neutronic feedback coefficients and a quasi-static evaluation was developed to estimate the behavior of a core during overpower transients, loss of flow and/or loss of heat removal transients. The breakthrough of this approach is to provide the designer with an overall view of the iterative process, emphasizing the well-suited innovations and the most efficient directions that can improve the SFR design project.This methodology was used to design a core that benefits from the favorable features of carbide fuels. The core developed is a large carbide-fueled SFR with high power density, low fissile inventory, break-even capability and forgiving behaviors during the unscrammed transients studied that should prevent using expensive mitigate systems. However, the core-peak burnup is unlikely to significantly exceed 100 MWd/kg because of the large swelling of the carbide fuel leading to quick pellet-clad mechanical interaction and the low creep capacity of carbide. Moderate linear power fuel pins require both a large initial sodium-bonded gap, delaying the fuel clad mechanical interaction, and a clad able to accommodate it by its high irradiation creep capacity.Irradiated carbide fuel performances predicted for an industrial SFR design are lower than the one obtained in the FBTR reactor irradiations, where 155 MWd/kg was obtained. This difference was studied and partly explained by the lower flux of experimental reactor delaying the embrittlement criterion. Innovative designs are now being considered to enhance the carbide-fueled pins burnup performance of industrial cores. The first innovative design uses a buffer technology to induce a delay in getting to the fuel clad mechanical interaction. The second innovative design is a core using high plutonium content so as to optimize the fluence over burnup ratio. Preliminary results show that a burnup higher than 100 MWd/kg can be reached.As a conclusion, this global approach has proven to be efficient in revealing the benefits gained using carbide fuel in a SFR. An optimum SFR core was designed exhibiting economic competitiveness while having inherent behavior during transient and reaching high burnup performance.

The objectives of this dissertation were to find a principal domain of promising and technologically feasible reactor physics characteristics for a multi-purpose, modular-sized, lead-cooled, fast neutron spectrum reactor fueled with an advanced uranium-transuranic-nitride fuel and to determine the principal limitations for the design of an autonomous long-term multi-purpose fast reactor (ALM-FR) within the principal reactor physics characteristic domain. The objectives were accomplished by producing a conceptual design for an ALM-FR and by analysis of the potential ALM-FR performance characteristics. The ALM-FR design developed in this dissertation is based on the concept of a secure transportable autonomous reactor for hydrogen production (STAR-H2) and represents further refinement of the STAR-H2 concept towards an economical, proliferation-resistant, sustainable, multi-purpose nuclear energy system. The development of the ALM-FR design has been performed considering this reactor within the frame of the concept of a self-consistent nuclear energy system (SCNES) that satisfies virtually all of the requirements for future nuclear energy systems: efficient energy production, safety, self-feeding, non-proliferation, and radionuclide burning. The analysis takes into consideration a wide range of reactor design aspects including selection of technologically feasible fuels and structural materials, core configuration optimization, dynamics and safety of long-term operation on one fuel loading, and nuclear material non-proliferation. Plutonium and higher actinides are considered as essential components of an advanced fuel that maintains long-term operation. Flexibility of the ALM-FR with respect to fuel compositions is demonstrated acknowledging the principal limitations of the long-term burning of plutonium and higher actinides. To ensure consistency and accuracy, the modeling has been performed using state-of-the-art computer codes developed at Argonne National Laboratory. As a result of the computational analysis performed in this work, the ALM-FR design provides for the possibility of continuous operation during about 40 years on one fuel loading containing mixture of depleted uranium with plutonium and higher actinides. All reactor physics characteristics of the ALM-FR are kept within technological limits ensuring safety of ultra-long autonomous operation. The results obtained provide for identification of physical features of the ALM-FR that significantly influence flexibility of the design and its applications. The special emphasis is given to existing limitations on the utilization of higher actinides as a fuel component.

University of Macau / Faculty of Law

During the quasar era (redshifts between 1 and 3) Radio Galaxies (RGs) have been claimed to have substantially influenced the growth and evolution of large scale structures in the universe. In this dissertation I test the robustness of these exciting claims. In order to probe the impacts in more detail, good theoretical models for such RG systems are required. With this motivation, I seek to develop an essentially analytical model for the evolution of Fanaroff-Riley Class II radio galaxies both as they age individually and as their numbers vary with cosmological epoch. To do so, I first compare three sophisticated semi-analytical models for the dynamical and radio lobe power evolution of FR II galaxies, those given by Kaiser, Dennett-Thorpe & Alexander (1997, KDA), Blundell, Rawlings, & Willott (1999, BRW) and Manolakou & Kirk (2002, MK). I perform multi-dimensional Monte Carlo simulations leading to virtual radio surveys. The predictions of each model for redshift, radio power (at 151 MHz), linear size and spectral index are then compared with data. The observational samples are the low frequency radio surveys, 3CRR, 6CE and 7CRS, which are flux-limited and redshift complete. I next perform extensive statistical tests to compare the distributions of model radio source parameters and those of the observational samples. The statistics used are the 1-Dimensional and 2-Dimensional Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S) tests and the 4-variable Spearman partial rank correlation coefficient. I search for and describe the "best" parameters for each model. I then produced modifications to each of the three original models, and extensively compare the original and the modified model performances in fitting the data. The key result of my dissertation is that using the Radio Luminosity Function of Willott et al. (2001) as the redshift birth function of radio sources, the KDA and MK models perform better than the BRW models in fitting the 3CRR, 6CE and 7CRS survey data when using K-S based statistical tests, and the KDA model provides the best fits to the correlation coefficients. However, no pre-existing or modified model can provide adequate fits for the spectral indices. I also calculate the volume fraction of the relevant universe filled by the generations of radio galaxies over the quasar era. This volume filling factor is not as large as estimated earlier. Nonetheless, the allowed ranges of various model parameters produce a rather wide range of astrophysically interesting relevant volume fraction values. I conclude that the expanding RGs born during the quasar era may still play significant roles in the cosmological history of the universe.

The objectives of this dissertation were to find a principal domain of promising and technologically feasible reactor physics characteristics for a multi-purpose, modular-sized, lead-cooled, fast neutron spectrum reactor fueled with an advanced uranium-transuranic-nitride fuel and to determine the principal limitations for the design of an autonomous long-term multi-purpose fast reactor (ALM-FR) within the principal reactor physics characteristic domain. The objectives were accomplished by producing a conceptual design for an ALM-FR and by analysis of the potential ALM-FR performance characteristics. The ALM-FR design developed in this dissertation is based on the concept of a secure transportable autonomous reactor for hydrogen production (STAR-H2) and represents further refinement of the STAR-H2 concept towards an economical, proliferation-resistant, sustainable, multi-purpose nuclear energy system. The development of the ALM-FR design has been performed considering this reactor within the frame of the concept of a self-consistent nuclear energy system (SCNES) that satisfies virtually all of the requirements for future nuclear energy systems: efficient energy production, safety, self-feeding, non-proliferation, and radionuclide burning. The analysis takes into consideration a wide range of reactor design aspects including selection of technologically feasible fuels and structural materials, core configuration optimization, dynamics and safety of long-term operation on one fuel loading, and nuclear material non-proliferation. Plutonium and higher actinides are considered as essential components of an advanced fuel that maintains long-term operation. Flexibility of the ALM-FR with respect to fuel compositions is demonstrated acknowledging the principal limitations of the long-term burning of plutonium and higher actinides. To ensure consistency and accuracy, the modeling has been performed using state-of-the-art computer codes developed at Argonne National Laboratory. As a result of the computational analysis performed in this work, the ALM-FR design provides for the possibility of continuous operation during about 40 years on one fuel loading containing mixture of depleted uranium with plutonium and higher actinides. All reactor physics characteristics of the ALM-FR are kept within technological limits ensuring safety of ultra-long autonomous operation. The results obtained provide for identification of physical features of the ALM-FR that significantly influence flexibility of the design and its applications. The special emphasis is given to existing limitations on the utilization of higher actinides as a fuel component.

Fall-sown barley will be increasingly important in the era of climate change due to higher yield potential and efficient use of water resources. Resistance/tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses will be critical. Low temperature is an abiotic stress of great importance. Resistance to barley stripe rust (incited by Puccinia striifomis f. sp. hordei) and scald (incited by Rhynchosporium secalis) will be important in higher rainfall areas. Simultaneous gene discovery and breeding will accelerate the development of agronomically relevant germplasm. The role of FR-H1 and FR-H2 in low temperature tolerance (LTT) has been well documented. However the question still remains: is LTT due only to FR-H1 and FR-H2 or are there other, undiscovered, determinants of this critical trait? We developed two doubled haploid mapping populations using two lines from the University of Nebraska (NE) with superior cold tolerance and one line from Oregon State University (OR) with good malting quality and disease resistance: NB3437f/OR71 (facultative x facultative) and NB713/OR71 (winter x facultative). Both were genotyped with a custom 384 oligonucleotide pool assay (OPA). QTL analyses were performed for LTT, vernalization sensitivity (VS), and resistance to barley stripe rust and scald. Disease resistance QTL were identified with favorable alleles from both NE and OR germplasm. The role of VRN-H2 in VS was confirmed and a novel alternative winter allele at VRN-H3 was discovered in the Nebraska germplasm. FR-H2 was identified as a determinant of LTT and a new QTL, FR-H3, was discovered on chromosome 1H that accounted for up to 48% of the phenotypic variation in field survival at St. Paul, Minnesota, USA. The discovery of FR-H3 is a significant advancement in barley LTT genetics and will assist in developing the next generation of fall-sown varieties. / Graduation date: 2012

[pt] O desdobramento do encontro e diálogo entre representantes de duas periferias que tem o hip hop (rap) como referência discursiva: Aubervilliers, uma banlieue de Paris, e a zona sul - periferia de São Paulo. A poesia falada nos bares, em desafios do poetry slam, ou nos saraus paulistas, onde as vozes subalternas oriundas das periferias das cidades/ metrópoles se expressam sem a mediação de intelectuais ou agenciadores culturais. Intervenção no espaço urbano e utilização de dispositivos informacionais digitais - que funcionam como amplificadores de seus territórios, criando fraturas em paradigmas canônicos da produção cultural. Uma produção literária que questiona padrões e cria novos olhares sobre a cidade. Com base na teoria de Michel de Certeau sobre as estratégicas e táticas utilizadas nos jogos de poder, a dissertação reconhece nos discursos periféricos e nas performances poéticas, táticas utilizadas pela subalternidade para dar visibilidade e afirmar sua identidade. Sob a inspiração de Jacques Rancière, discute-se como o regime estético da arte acontece na periferia, originando um novo movimento de partilha do sensível: da periferia para a própria periferia, em que os saraus e os slams funcionam como espaços agenciadores ou catalizadores desta partilha. Os produtores culturais emergentes da periferia se transformam em produtores de suas próprias narrativas, muitas vezes autobiográficas, literárias ou midiáticas, propondo uma subversão das estruturas de controle das classes dominantes sobre o imaginário da cidade. / [fr] Le principe de la rencontre et du dialogue entre les representants de deux périphéries ayant comme référence, le hip hop (rap ) : Aubervilliers (Banlieue de Paris) et une périphérie de São Paulo (située dans la zone sud de la ville), est fort intéressant. La poésie dans les bistrots, récitée sous forme de défis du Poetry slam ou des saraus paulistas, et les voix sous-terraines venant des periphéries urbaines, s expriment sans médiation intellectuelle et sans agents culturels. L intervention dans l espace urbain et l utilisation de dispositifs digitaux fonctionnent comme des amplificateurs de territoires, transformant les fractures en création de paradigmes canoniques de production culturelle. Une production littéraire qui met en question les normes admises et qui créée de nouveaux regards sur la ville. Appuyée sur la théorie de Michel de Certeau relative aux stratégies et tactiques utilisées dans les jeux du pouvoir, cette dissertation reconnaît dans les discours de la périphérie et dans leurs performances poétiques, des procédés utilisées par cette population, jusqu alors sous-terraine, pour se rendre visible et affirmer son identité. Sous l inspiration de Jacques Rancière, est posée aussi la question du comment le régime esthétique de l art est mis à jour dans la periphérie, donnant origine à un nouveau mouvement de partage du sensible. Ceci s effectue de périphérie à périphérie, où les saraus et les slams fonctionnent en tant qu espaces d agencement et cataliseurs d échanges, et dans lesquels les producteurs culturels qui en émergent, se transforment en producteurs de leur propre narration, souvent autobiographiques, littéraires et médiatiques. C est le résultat d une forme de subversion et de défiance des structures existantes et du contrôle des classes dominantes sur l imaginaire de la ville.

[pt] Esta tese se propõe a analisar a fábula Dinossauro Excelentíssimo, de José Cardoso Pires, procurando identificar os procedimentos com os quais o autor representa as relações entre a censura e o poder da palavra e, consequentemente, a dimensão política que se configura a partir dessa relação. Pretende-se observar, na obra citada, as estratégias utilizadas pelo autor para criar a história de um personagem ditador, o Imperador da Torre das Sete Chaves, que manipula as palavras com a finalidade de espalhar o medo no Reino dos Mexilhões. Isso possibilitou ao escritor interrogar as memórias do cotidiano da ditadura salazarista e incorporar, na ficção, fatos históricos que marcaram a história político-social da sociedade portuguesa. Desse modo, investiga-se o diálogo existente entre história e ficção, com a intenção de demonstrar como o ditador censura a palavra do outro para construir o discurso opaco do poder. Por fim, verifica-se o modo como é delineada a imagem do poder, inteligível através da metamorfose do Imperador em Dinossauro. / [en] The overall aim of this thesis is to analyze the fable Dinossauro Excelentíssimo, by José Cardoso Pires, identifying the procedures with which the author questions the relationships between censorship and the power of the word and, therefore, the political dimension that takes shape having this relationship as basis. This dissertation investigates, in the work cited, the strategies used by the author to create the story of a dictator character, the Emperor of the Tower of Seven Keys, who manipulates words with the purpose of spreading fear in the Kingdom of Mussels (a Kingdom), which enabled the writer to question the memories of everyday life in the Salazar dictatorship and incorporate, in fiction, historical facts that marked the political and social history of Portuguese society. Thus, the dialogue that exists between history and fiction in investigated with the intention of demonstrating how the dictator censors people s words to build the opaque discourse of power. Finally, it is verified the way in which the image of power is outlined, understandable through the metamorphosis of the Emperor into a Dinosaur. / [fr] Cette thèse vise à analyser la fable Dinossauro Excelentíssimo, de José Cardoso Pires, pour y identifier les procédures avec lesquelles l auteur interrogue les relations entre la censure et la puissance de la parole et donc la dimension politique qui est configuré de cette relation. L intention c est d observer, dans l ouvrage cité, les stratégies utilisées par l auteur pour créer l histoire d un caractère, personnage, dictateur, l empereur de la Tour des Sept Clés, qui gère des mots avec le but de la peur au tour du Reino dos Mexilhões, dans le ce qui a permis à l auteur de s interroger sur les souvenirs de la dictature de Salazar au jour le jour et à intégrer, dans la fiction, les faits historiques qui ont marqué l histoire politique et sociale de la société portugaise. Ainsi, nous étudions le dialogue entre histoire et fiction, avec le but de démontrer comment le dictateur censeure-t-il la parole de l autre pour construire le discours opaque du pouvoir. Enfin, il y a la façon dont elle est présentée l image du pouvoir, intelligible par la métamorphose de l empereur dans le Dinossauro.

[pt] Este trabalho de Tese apresenta a pesquisa e desenvolvimento de conexões de ondas guiadas sobre substratos semicondutores (SiGe, GaAs). A integração de circuitos digitais através de guias S-SIWG (Semiconductor Substrate Integrated Waveguide) utilizando formato de modulação QAM é avaliada e destacada. Conexões internas aos chips e entre chips são associadas com o novo padrão Gigabit Ethernet 802.3ba operando na taxa de 100 Gbit/s estendendo-se a aplicações de 0,5 – 1,5 Terahertz. É também apresentada a pesquisa e o desenvolvimento de guias e dispositivos de microondas utilizando substratos de baixo custo e altas perdas (FR-4), substratos cerâmicos de alta constante dielétrica (Er igual a 80) e aplicações em subsistemas híbridos integrados. / [en] This work presents the research, design and development of guided waves connections in semiconductor substrates (SiGe, GaAs). The integration of digital systems using Semiconductor Wave Guides (S-SIWG) with QAM modulation formats are highlighted. Ultra-fast inter-chip and inner-chip connections are associated with the new Gigabit Ethernet IEEE 802.3ba standard at 100Gbit/s extended to (0.5-1.5) Terahertz domain. Additionally fiber glass substrates with high losses (Teflon/FR-4) and high dielectric ceramic substrates (Er equal 80) are also developed to be integrated with microwave devices, analog printed circuits boards and high Speed digital circuits and systems.