Στόχος της παρούσας εργασίας είναι η παραμετρική μελέτη μεταλλικών καμπτικών επίπεδων πλαισίων με υποστυλώματα διατομής τύπου τετραγωνικής κοιλοδοκού (Square Hollow Section, SHS) και δοκών διατομής τύπου διπλού ταυ (IPE). Ζητούμενο αποτελεί η ανάπτυξη εξισώσεων που συνδέουν χαρακτηριστικά της ανελαστικής απόκρισης των κατασκευών. Βασική επιδίωξη είναι η δυνατότητα πραγματοποίησης αντισεισμικού σχεδιασμού σύμφωνα με την μέθοδο των δυνάμεων έχοντας όμως σαν αρχικό στόχο ένα επιθυμητό επίπεδο επιτελεστικότητας σύμφωνα με τη μέθοδο σχεδιασμού που βασίζεται στις μετακινήσεις. Επίσης, αναπτύχθηκαν εξισώσεις που προβλέπουν την καθ’ ύψος κατανομή των ελαστικών και ανελαστικών μετακινήσεων της κατασκευής. Αναδεικνύεται η επιρροή του ελέγχου ευστάθειας στον σχεδιασμό μεταλλικών καμπτικών πλαισίων. Χρησιμοποιούνται διάφορες παράμετροι που εκτιμήθηκε πως επηρεάζουν την ελαστική και ανελαστική απόκριση των κατασκευών όπως το όριο διαρροής του χάλυβα fy των μελών, ο αριθμός των ορόφων ns, που επηρεάζει άμεσα την ιδιοπερίοδο του συστήματος, η μορφή της ελαστικής απόκρισης των κατασκευών, οι οποίες διακρίνονται σε καμπτικού και διατμητικού τύπου (shear type, flexural type) σύμφωνα με τον συντελεστή ρ όπως ορίζεται από τον Chopra (2007a), καθώς επίσης και την παράμετρο πλαστικών ροπών a που σχετίζεται με το είδος του αναπτυσσόμενου ανελαστικού μηχανισμού. Ο υστερητικός νόμος που χρησιμοποιήθηκε και περιγράφει την ανελαστική απόκριση των μελών υπό ανακυκλιζόμενη δράση, ταυτίζεται με τον διγραμμικό υστερητικό νόμο με κράτυνση 3% προσομοιώντοντας παράλληλα και την απομείωση της αντοχής των μελών που συνδέεται άμεσα με την τοπική πλαστιμότητα τους σε κάθε ανελαστικό κύκλο φόρτισης. Παραμετρικές αναλύσεις έγιναν επίσης με τη χρήση διγραμμικού νόμου υστέρησης με κράτυνση 3% χωρίς την απομείωσης της αντοχής των μελών κατά την ανελαστική τους απόκριση, με στόχο την διερεύνηση της επιρροής στην αντοχή των μελών κατά την ανελαστική τους απόκριση. Για την πραγματοποίηση της παρούσας μελέτης 57 καταγραφές παρελθοντικών σεισμών μακριά από το σεισμικό ρήγμα, αποτέλεσαν την διέγερση για την εκτέλεση των δυναμικών μη-γραμμικών αναλύσεων ώστε να ληφθεί υπόψη η επιρροή του συχνοτικού περιεχομένου των επιταχυνσιογραφημάτων στην απόκριση των συστημάτων. Τέλος, παραδείγματα που συγκρίνουν την μέθοδο που παρουσιάζεται με την μέθοδο των δυνάμεων αποδεικνύουν την αποτελεσματικότητα της μεθόδου. / An efficient procedure to estimate an orthological value of the strength reduction factor q of the European seismic code based on a target performance level is presented. Several parameters that affect the elastic and inelastic response of the planar steel moment resisting frames are taking into account. The simple bilinear hysteretic rule is been used to model the inelastic response of the members by including the degradation of their strength. The comparison of the inelastic response of the structures with and without degradation of strength is showed. Examples are evaluating the efficiency of the chosen strength reduction factor and they are demonstrating the dominant role of the second order effects that restrict the seismic design of steel moment resisting frames at high performance levels.

Thesis (MSc (Mathematics))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: As an introduction to point-free topology, we will explicitly show the connection between topology and frames (locales) and introduce an abstract notion, which in the point-free setting, can be thought of as a subspace of a topological space. In this setting, we refer to this notion as a sublocale and we will show that there are at least four ways to represent sublocales. By using the language of category theory, we proceed by investigating closure in the point-free setting by way of operators. We de ne what we mean by a coclosure operator in an abstract context and give two seemingly di erent examples of co-closure operators of Frm. These two examples are then proven to be the same. Compactness is one of the most important notions in classical topology and therefore one will nd a great number of results obtained on the subject. We will undertake a study into the interrelationship between three weaker compact notions, i.e. feeble compactness, pseudocompactness and countable compactness. This relationship has been established and is well understood in topology, but (to a degree) the same cannot be said for the point-free setting. We will give the frame interpretation of these weaker compact notions and establish a point-free connection. A potentially promising result will also be mentioned. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: As 'n inleiding tot punt-vrye topologie, sal ons eksplisiet die uiteensetting van hierdie benadering tot topologie weergee. Ons de nieer 'n abstrakte konsep wat, in die punt-vrye konteks, ooreenstem met 'n subruimte van 'n topologiese ruimte. Daar sal verder vier voorstellings van hierdie konsep gegee word. Afsluiting, deur middel van operatore, word in die puntvrye konteks ondersoek met behulp van kategorie teorie as taalmedium. Ons sal 'n spesi eke operator in 'n abstrakte konteks de nieer en twee o enskynlik verskillende voorbeelde van hierdie operator verskaf. Daar word dan bewys dat hierdie twee operatore dieselfde is. Kompaktheid is een van die mees belangrikste konsepte in klassieke topologie en as gevolg daarvan geniet dit groot belangstelling onder wiskundiges. 'n Studie in die verwantskap tussen drie swakker forme van kompaktheid word onderneem. Hierdie verwantskap is al in topologie bevestig en goed begryp onder wiskundiges. Dieselfde kan egter, tot 'n mate, nie van die puntvrye konteks ges^e word nie. Ons sal die puntvrye formulering van hierdie swakker konsepte van kompaktheid en hul verbintenis, weergee. 'n Resultaat wat moontlik belowend kan wees, sal ook genoem word.

News media play a significant role in shaping the national image of other countries, especially in the context of China (PRC). They have been and remain the main source of information for the British public about developments in China but representations evolve over time. This thesis examines how a particular aspect of China s state actions has been reported. The study examines how the national imagery of China and Tibet has been represented in the British national press over the Cold War period and beyond. This study investigates media representations of the Tibetan conflict and how the events related to this were represented and portrayed in the British national daily newspapers from 1949 to 2009. It examines the frames chosen by the press and the influence of the sources (especially external journalistic influence) on the frame-building process. Through a comparison of coverage by the British newspapers over time, it determines the changing similarities and differences in representations of Tibet according to their partisanship and newspaper formats. The research involved a quantitative content analysis and a qualitative frame analysis. The research showed that generally there were greater similarities than differences in the way the British press represented the Tibet issue from 1949 to 2009. Only the pro-Communist Daily Working/Morning Star with a purely Communist canon of news values adopted a completely different framing strategy to report the events. Other British press aligned closely with the UK government by reproducing and reinforcing the dominant capitalist ideology. This political motivation resulted in their approval of stable and familiar frames. In addition, there were differences in the frame types used by the British press between the early Cold War, near the end of the Cold War and the post-Cold War periods. The year 1989 could be seen as a turning point. The research enriches the concept of Herman and Chomsky s propaganda model and contributes to existing media framing studies on Western media s representations of China.

[pt] A proposta do estudo consiste em fazer uma análise densa da entrevista psiquiátrica, mediante articulação de três perspectivas: análise da rotina, a partir de roteiros de manuais com diretrizes e regras que orientam a prática clínica; análise de enquadres, do fazer clínico, com foco no aqui e agora da entrevista entre médico e pacientes; análise das representações do médico sobre o fazer clínico, em entrevistas com a pesquisadora. As bases teóricas do trabalho fundamentam-se na Sociolingüística Interacional, na Pesquisa Etnográfica e na Psicologia Social. Pretendeu-se, a partir das três perspectivas de análise, fazer um contraponto entre a prática da entrevista centrada no médico, enquanto voz da medicina, e a prática da entrevista centrada no paciente, a voz da sua vida de experiências. Os resultados revelaram que, em relação aos roteiros, há aqueles que voltam-se para tópicos que devem ser abordados, como forma de exercer maior controle, e outros que voltam-se para a valorização das histórias e experiências individuais dos pacientes, podendo propiciar uma interação mais espontânea. Nas entrevistas entre médico e pacientes, o médico aciona enquadres que oscilam entre o investigativo/exploratório e o de co- construção das experiências de vida do paciente, com mudanças na relação de assimetria. Releva-se, assim, um comportamento discursivo híbrido do médico que, ao mesmo tempo em que exerce controle, promove um estado de conversa, facilitando a representação discursiva das experiências dos pacientes. Na análise das entrevistas realizadas com o médico, percebeu-se que suas representações da entrevista são de uma prática que tem como objetivo valorizar a experiência dos pacientes, distanciando-se o quanto possível dos procedimentos determinados pelos roteiros. Os resultados indicam, no entanto, que, no aqui e agora da entrevista, o médico estabelece um meta-enquadre de controle das informações, gerenciando as informações com retomadas e resumos da fala do paciente, sinalizando um modo híbrido de fala. / [en] The purpose of this study consists of an accurate analysis of the psychiatric interview, by combining three perspectives: analysis of the doctor´s routine or interview agenda, which has a standard format and guides the doctor throughout his clinical practice; frame analysis of the doctor´s clinical practice with a focus on the here and now in doctor-patient interviews; and analysis of the doctor´s representations regarding his practice, revealed during interviews with the researcher. Interactional Sociolinguistics, Ethnographic Research and Social Psychology provide the theoretical framework for this study. Hence, a distinction was made between doctor-centered interviews, denoting the voice of medicine, and patient-centered interviews, denoting the patient´s account of his world of experience. The results showed that there are two kinds of interview agendas: those which tend to control the course of the interview, and others which tend to set a high value on the patient´s stories and experiences, providing more spontaneous interactions. During doctor-patient interviews, the doctor introduces framings, which shift from the investigatory/exploratory to the co- construction of the patient´s world of experience, provoking changes in the asymmetrical relationship. Therefore, the doctor adopts a hybrid discourse behavior, that is, on the one hand he controls the patients´ flow of talk in the encounter, and on the other, he fosters a state of talk where patients may express how they represent their world of experience. As the doctor-researcher interviews were analysed, it became clear that the doctor valued patient-centered interviews, moving away from the procedures in the pre-established agenda. The results suggest, however, that+ the doctor establishes an informationcontrolled meta-frame during the here and now in the interview. He manages the information by controlling the turn structure and summing up the patient´s talk, ignoring, many times, the patients´ contributions. In doing so, the doctor ends up using a legitimated institutional power.

Submitted by Eros Nascimento (eros.phill@gmail.com) on 2015-03-31T15:58:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ErosNascimento - DissertacaoMestrado - EAESP-FGV - FINAL.pdf: 14018579 bytes, checksum: 4a0b91f1b267e07a412f2e728de734b3 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Pamela Beltran Tonsa (pamela.tonsa@fgv.br) on 2015-03-31T16:54:01Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ErosNascimento - DissertacaoMestrado - EAESP-FGV - FINAL.pdf: 14018579 bytes, checksum: 4a0b91f1b267e07a412f2e728de734b3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-31T17:21:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ErosNascimento - DissertacaoMestrado - EAESP-FGV - FINAL.pdf: 14018579 bytes, checksum: 4a0b91f1b267e07a412f2e728de734b3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-02 / This research is based on two case studies in which local governments tried to implement a digital social currency in their municipalities in Brazil. It tries to understand if the introduction of a digital payments technology can change basic concepts of community and society when combined with social currencies, or if is the technology which needs to adapt to these concepts. Using two opposite cases to represent the notions of gemeinschaft and gesellschaft in Tönnies’ theory, the hypothesis is that the digitalization of social currencies needs to be aligned with basic concepts of community, solidarity and belonging - among others – according to the frame of each case. Results indicate few evidences to support definite conclusions, with the research speculating that (1) due to characteristics of digital money, even in the case of a successful implementation in gemeinschaft types of communities, this will only occur through the creation of an innovative model of digital payments capable to take into account the strong social capital of these communities; (2) this study shows that the currently existing technologies tend to a gain of scale that can present some incompatibility with small communities where the solidarity sense is greater than the individual; (3) force the adoption of digital social money in small communities can lead to individualization and contractual forms of intrapersonal relationships; (4) in the case of top-down implementations of a digital social currency, this model is more conducive to liberal experiences focused on individuals than to bottom-up communitarians experiences focused on the development of the model by the community itself. Finally, as a theoretical contribution, the research intends to show the potential of using Goffman’s frames theory in conjunction with Tönnies’ gemeinschaft (community) / gesellschaft (society) constructs as a framework to understand the role of the adoption of digital social currencies in local experiences. / Este trabalho parte de duas experiências de implantação de moedas sociais digitais pelo poder público para responder se a introdução de uma tecnologia de pagamentos digital, em conjunto com moedas sociais, pode modificar conceitos básicos de comunidade e sociedade ou se é a tecnologia que precisa se adaptar a estes conceitos. Com os casos representando polos opostos na teoria de Tönnies em termos de comunidade/sociedade, têm-se como hipótese que a introdução da tecnologia em moedas sociais precisa estar em linha com conceitos básicos de comunidade, solidariedade, pertencimento, entre outros, de acordo com o frame de cada experiência. Como resultado, há poucas evidências que possam ser tidas neste momento como definitivas. Resta especular que o uso da tecnologia de pagamentos digitais como forma de ganho de escala do modelo de economia solidária em sociedades do tipo gemeinschaft encontra falta de elementos facilitadores que incentivem sua implementação e uso, sendo que, novamente, indaga-se que as tecnologias disponíveis de moedas sociais digitais parecem ser pouco congruentes com o próprio conceito de comunidade que faz parte do cerne da economia solidária e de sociedades locais do tipo gemeinschaft, podendo haver maior proximidade com sociedades do tipo gesellschaft. Em adição a isto, especula-se que (1) mesmo havendo êxito na implantação de moedas sociais digitais em comunidades do tipo gemeinschaft, que isto somente se confirmará mediante a criação de um modelo inovador de tecnologia de pagamentos que leve em conta o capital social dessas localidades; (2) as tecnologias hoje existentes para confecção de uma moeda social digital tendem a um ganho de escala que pode mostrar alguma incompatibilidade com pequenas comunidades onde o senso solidário é maior que o individual; (3) forçar a adoção de moedas sociais digitais em pequenas comunidades do tipo gemeinschaft pode eventualmente levar a um maior grau de individualização e à contratualização das relações interpessoais, dado que hoje muitas das relações nestas comunidades contêm alto grau de pessoalidade e informalidade; (4) havendo uma implementação de moedas sociais digitais de cima para baixo, este modelo tende a ser mais propício para experiências liberais focadas nos indivíduos do que para experiências comunitárias focadas no desenvolvimento do modelo pela própria comunidade. Como contribuição teórica, o estudo tenta mostrar o potencial do uso da teoria de Tönnies com o conceito de frames de Goffman.

Evidence from research in psychology and auditor judgment has shown that perceptions that form early in a sequential judgment process can influence subsequent judgments. Auditing Standard 12 requires auditors to identify fraud risk factors and assess the risk of fraud as part of the process of assessing overall misstatement risk. While it is expected that fraud risk assessments should have a bearing on overall risk assessments, it is possible that perceptions formed from assessments of fraud risk can negatively affect the evaluation of any evidence reviewed thereafter. Because different classes of transactions may be affected by fraud risk factors in different ways, fraud risk assessments may differ across classes of transactions. These differences may make subsequent auditor judgments susceptible to the contrast effects bias, where subjects overreact to the differences such that the fraud risk assessments influence auditor judgment more than they should. This study examines whether auditors who learn that fraud risk is low for one class of transactions immediately after examining a class of transactions that has high fraud risk, can overreact to the contrast such that they reduce their sensitivity to evidence that suggests increased misstatement risk. The study also examines whether these contrast effects can be mitigated by acquiring information about fraud risk assessments later in the sequence of evidence, after auditors have reviewed and assimilated evidence related to other risks. The study finds that, as predicted, auditor judgments are influenced by contrast effects. Auditors who examined classes of accounts for which fraud risk assessments were different were less sensitive to evidence suggesting increased risk in accounts that had been identified as having low fraud risk. However, contrary to predictions, these contrast effects were not mitigated by evidence order.

This investigation evaluated the use of conditional discrimination (CD) instruction and multiple exemplar instruction (MEI) to establish derived relational responding in accordance with hierarchical frames with school aged children. The first experiment used a multiple probe design to evaluate the effectiveness of MEI to teach participants to correctly respond to BELONGS TO and INCLUDES relations between academically relevant stimuli in the target hierarchy. The protocol was presented via an automated computer program. Written and oral intraverbal pre and posttest were administered to determine if CD instruction and MEI were sufficient for academically relevant behaviors to emerge. Transformation of stimulus functions was assessed using a property inheritance task. A retrospective protocol analysis was used to evaluate the covert verbal behavior the participants were engaging in when responding to the CD across the hierarchy task. The second experiment also used a multiple probe across participants design to assess hierarchical responding. An ABABCB withdrawal design was used to assess the functional relation of covert verbal behavior and the CD across the hierarchy task. The target stimuli and procedures for Experiment 2 were identical to the first experiment with the exception of using a concurrent protocol analysis as opposed to the retrospective protocol analysis to assess the role of the participants' covert verbal behavior on task performance. That is, the second experiment used the silent dog method (Hayes, White, & Bissett, 1998) to assess if self-talk is functionally related to the transformation of stimulus function task.

ix, 99 p. / We characterize the diagonals of four classes of self-adjoint operators on infinite dimensional Hilbert spaces. These results are motivated by the classical Schur-Horn theorem, which characterizes the diagonals of self-adjoint matrices on finite dimensional Hilbert spaces. In Chapters II and III we present some known results. First, we generalize the Schur-Horn theorem to finite rank operators. Next, we state Kadison's theorem, which gives a simple necessary and sufficient condition for a sequence to be the diagonal of a projection. We present a new constructive proof of the sufficiency direction of Kadison's theorem, which is referred to as the Carpenter's Theorem. Our first original Schur-Horn type theorem is presented in Chapter IV. We look at operators with three points in the spectrum and obtain a characterization of the diagonals analogous to Kadison's result. In the final two chapters we investigate a Schur-Horn type problem motivated by a problem in frame theory. In Chapter V we look at the connection between frames and diagonals of locally invertible operators. Finally, in Chapter VI we give a characterization of the diagonals of locally invertible operators, which in turn gives a characterization of the sequences which arise as the norms of frames with specified frame bounds. This dissertation includes previously published co-authored material. / Committee in charge: Marcin Bownik, Chair; N. Christopher Phillips, Member; Yuan Xu, Member; David Levin, Member; Dietrich Belitz, Outside Member

Magíster en Gestión y Políticas Públicas / El VIH/SIDA se distingue de otras enfermedades debido a que está relacionado con el comportamiento sexual de las personas y arrastra un importante historial de procesos sociales incitados principalmente por la desinformación y el estigma a quienes lo padecen. En Chile, desde las políticas públicas, el VIH/SIDA se ha abordado como un problema sanitario, donde el principal responsable es el Ministerio de Salud. Sin embargo, el VIH/SIDA es también un problema social y cultural, dado que en sus representaciones influyen las significaciones que cada cultura o grupo social elabora sobre la sexualidad, la vida y la muerte (Rodríguez & García, 2006). La política pública de VIH/SIDA, se configura para el abordaje de un problema con múltiples representaciones, por lo que el análisis policy frame representa una ruta adecuada para abordar las interpretaciones en la política pública, considerando a los actores socio-políticos como elementos centrales en el análisis, sus representaciones del problema y las ideas de soluciones. Desde esta perspectiva esta investigación busca aportar al debate público sobre la prevención y control del VIH/SIDA poniendo en evidencia los énfasis y los conflictos en los discursos de la política respondiendo a la pregunta ¿Cuáles son los marcos interpretativos explícitos e implícitos en la política pública de prevención y control del VIH/SIDA en Chile? La metodología utilizada es cualitativa descriptiva y se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a actores claves involucrados en la toma de decisiones en la política pública, pertenecientes a organizaciones de la sociedad civil organizada y a funcionarios de distintas reparticiones del Ministerio de Salud, encargados de diseñar e implementar la política. Los resultados de la investigación permiten establecer que existen tres marcos interpretativos en la política pública de prevención y control del VIH/SIDA: el principal orientado básicamente a las acciones curativas y farmacológicas para enfrentar el problema; el secundario, centrado en la prevención como alternativa de disminución de la enfermedad y; el tercero, que prioriza un mayor rol del Estado y la acción intersectorial. Se concluye que existe desequilibrio en la formulación de la política pública, dado que los mayores esfuerzos se encuentran en las acciones curativas del problema, descuidando su prevención. Ambos aspectos del problema no son abordados de manera conjunta, tensionando las políticas públicas en torno a dos frames en disputa. Finalmente, se recomienda que el VIH/SIDA se aborde como política de Estado, con una sola línea de intervención, independientemente de los cambios de gobierno, con mayor participación de los actores sociales y diversidad de abordajes según grupos de población. Asimismo, se propone que el énfasis esté combinado entre la prevención y las acciones curativas, con generación de campañas informativas y comunicacionales y de formación en la educación formal.

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro / O contato com membros de sua comunidade lingüística desde os primeiros dias de vida da criança é de fundamental importância para que ela desenvolva a linguagem. Assumindo a perspectiva sociopragmática, as interações lingüísticas mãe-bebê podem ser consideradas como uma das bases fundamentais do desenvolvimento da linguagem. Pressupondo que a fala materna tem um papel fundamental no processo de desenvolvimento lingüístico infantil, este estudo longitudinal teve como proposta analisar a fala materna e o desenvolvimento lingüístico infantil em cenários comunicativos específicos (atencional, convencional e simbólico). Aspectos sintáticos e semânticos da fala materna foram analisados e a trajetória desses cenários comunicativos ao longo do desenvolvimento foi identificada. Quatro díades mães-bebê (dois meninos e duas meninas) foram filmadas em suas residências dos 13 aos 24 meses da criança. A fala da mãe foi analisada e transcrita. A compreensão e a produção do vocabulário da criança foram medidas pelo MacArthur Inventary of Communicative Abilities (Inventário do Desenvolvimento de Habilidades Comunicativas). A partir dos resultados, semelhanças e diferenças entre as díades foram observadas. Identificou-se um predomínio na percentagem de sentenças maternas afirmativas ao longo do período estudado para as quatro díades. Apesar de apresentarem tendências de trajetórias específicas, as sentenças negativas foram o tipo de sentença menos utilizado pelas mães. Identificou-se, em todas as díades, uma tendência de trajetória linear positiva para fala materna relacionada ao contexto. Constatou-se, também, um aumento significativo de palavras compreendidas e produzidas pela criança ao longo do período e que os substantivos prevaleceram no vocabulário infantil. A média de engajamento das díades nos cenários comunicativos específicos do estudo foi de 76% do tempo total de observação. Percebeu-se que há uma tendência do cenário comunicativo atencional diminuir ao longo do desenvolvimento e do cenário comunicativo simbólico aumentar sua percentagem de tempo. Entre todas as correlações encontradas, nas quatro díades, pode-se destacar que a idade da criança se correlacionou, positivamente, com o total de palavras compreendidas e produzidas pela criança; o total de palavras compreendidas pela criança se correlacionou, positivamente, com o total de palavras produzidas pela criança e a fala materna relacionada à criança se correlacionou, negativamente, com a fala materna relacionada ao contexto. Acredita-se que este estudo pode colaborar para o conhecimento acerca do desenvolvimento da linguagem infantil nos primeiros dois anos da ontogênese das crianças e traz uma contribuição para a literatura relativa à fala materna no desenvolvimento inicial, com dados do contexto brasileiro / The contact with members of her linguistic community since the first days of a childs life is of fundamental importance for his/her language development. Assuming the social-pragmatic perspective, mother-infant linguistic interactions can be considered as one of the bases of the initial language development. Assuming that mother speech has a fundamental role in the process of child linguistic development, this longitudinal study aims to analyzing characteristics syntactic and semantics of maternal speech directed to children (MSDC), identifying transitions of mother-child communicational frames (attentional, conventional and symbolic). Syntactic and semantic aspects of maternal speech were analyzed and the trajectories of those frames throughout the development were identified. Four children, two boys and two girls, and their mothers were observed longitudinally from 13 to 24 months of age. The instances of maternal speech directed to children were identified, transcribed and classified in affirmative sentences, negative sentences, imperative sentences and interrogative sentences. The transitions from attentional to symbolic mother-child communication frames were identified. The percentage of maternal affirmative sentences was predominant in all dyads and the negative sentences, although, showing specifics tendencies of trajectories, were less emitted by mothers. MSDC showed transformations following the babys development. Different types of maternal sentences presented diverse patterns of development across time and in the four dyads. Speech related to the context increases linearly across time. Babiescomprehension and production vocabulary showed a linear increase across the 12 months observed, and the substantives words were predominant. The mean of engagement in all dyads was 76%. The percentage of time in attentional and symbolic frames showed a linear relation with the increase of babys age in all dyads. Some correlations, in all dyads, were identified: babiesage to comprehension and production vocabulary by children; the infant comprehension to infant production vocabulary; and maternal speech related to the child was correlated, negatively, to maternal speech related to the context. The study brings a contribution to the literature on maternal speech and initial language development with data from a Brazilian context