The Hemispherical Resonating Gyroscope (HRG) is an inertial sensor, flagship of Safran’s industry. When exiting the assembly line, it has its own physical flaws. In order to identify and correct them, operators perform several tests on the sensor: this process corresponds to the calibration step of the sensors. The latter is done by a Matlab calibration bench, which allows to calculate compensation polynomial functions, which are then included in the algorithms of the sensor’s implementation card. However, the link between the calculated functions and the sensor’s flaws is not obvious and therefore, it is impossible to check their truthfulness without further verification. In this document, an interfacing method between a calibration bench and a virtual HRG, modeled in Simulink, has been described. After presenting the sensor’s capabilities, several interfacing methods are discussed, before keeping the more dynamical one, based on object oriented programming and the implementation of a time continuity between Simulink data recordings. Such interfacing allows for the simulation of the behavior of a gyroscope during calibration, and the comparison of these results to the ones obtained on real sensors. This comparison highlighted a certain consistency between the results and also several flaws caused by the interfacing. Particularly, the fact that the signal discretization has a significant impact on the errors. Moreover, one can notice that the simulation time is significantly longer than the calibration time and suggests that the interfacing time may require optimization of its efficiency. / HRG är en tröghetssensor som är flaggskeppet inom Safrans industri. När sensorn lämnar monteringslinjen är den inte felfri. För att identifiera och kompensera för dessa fel utför operatörerna flera tester på sensorn, i flera olika kalibreringssteg. De senare görs med hjälp av en Matlab-kalibreringsbänk, som gör det möjligt att beräkna kompensationspolynomfunktioner, som sedan implementeras i algoritmerna på sensorns implementeringskort. Kopplingen mellan de beräknade funktionerna och sensorns fel är dock inte uppenbar och därför är det omöjligt att kontrollera deras noggrannhet utan ytterligare kontroller. I detta dokument beskrivs en gränssnittsmetod mellan en kalibreringsbänk och en virtuell HRG, modellerad i Simulink. Efter att ha presenterat sensorns funktion har flera gränssnittsmetoder studerats, innan man valde den mer dynamiska, baserad på objektorienterad programmering och implementeringen av en tidskontinuitet mellan Simulinkdatainspelningar. Ett sådant gränssnitt gjorde det möjligt att få vissa resultat som simulerar gyroskopets beteende under en kalibrering och att jämföra dessa resultat med dem som erhållits på verkliga sensorer. Jämförelsen visade på en viss överensstämmelse mellan resultaten, men också på flera brister som orsakats av gränssnittet. I synnerhet det faktum att signaldiskretiseringen har en betydande inverkan på felen. Dessutom kan man notera att simuleringstiden är mycket längre än kalibreringstiden och leder till tanken att det finns sätt att förbättra gränssnittet för att göra det mer tidseffektivt.

Genom åren har det skett en rad företagsskandaler som kopplats samman med brister i revisionen. För att undvika liknande skandaler i framtiden har ökade krav i lagstiftning och uppdatering av standarder för revisionsarbete införts. Med hjälp av regelbundna kontroller ska revisionen hålla hög kvalitet och brister ska upptäckas tidigare. Tidigare forskning har visat att det ofta är i revisionsdokumentationen som brister förekommer.Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka revisorers uppfattningar om vilka faktorer som orsakar att brister uppstår i revisionsdokumentationen. För att uppfylla syftet har intervjuer gjorts med tio revisorer som arbetar på olika revisionsbyråer i Skåne. Det teoretiska ramverket presenteras i en figur som visar min tolkning av hur olika faktorer påverkar revisionsdokumentationen.Slutsatsen av studien visar att revisorns uppfattningar om regleringen, revisorns yrkesroll och revisionsbyrån är faktorer som kan medföra att brister uppstår i revisionsdokumentationen, vilket många gånger kan relateras till tidsbrist hos revisorn. Det moment i revisionsprocessen som rör bedömningar om vad som är väsentlig information kan även medföra brister i revisionsdokumentationen. Detta eftersom revisorer kan tolka och bedöma olika, vilket avspeglar sig i vilken information varje revisor anser vara väsentlig information att ta med i revisionsdokumentationen. Detta kan sin tur leda till att alla revisorer inte får med vad som krävs enligt lag och standard.Som förslag på framtida forskning ska en undersökning göras på hur många uppdrag som är optimalt för en revisor att revidera per år. / Over the years there have been several corporate scandals, which have been linked to shortcomings in the auditing. In order to avoid similar scandals in the future, increased requirements for law and standards have been introduced. With the help of regular quality controls, the audit should maintain high quality and shortcomings should be discovered earlier. Previous research shows that it is often in the audit documentation that deficiencies occur.The purpose of this paper is to identify factors that cause shortcomings in the audit documentation. In order to fulfil the purpose of the paper, interviews have been conducted with ten auditors from various audit firms in Skåne. The theoretical framework is based on a model that shows my understanding of how different factors affect the audit documentation.The conclusion of the study shows that the auditor's perceptions of the regulation, the auditor’s professional role and the audit firm structure are factors that may cause shortcomings in the audit documentation, which can often be related to the lack of time in the process of auditing. The moment in the audit process regarding assessments of essential information may cause shortcomings in the audit documentation. This is because auditors can interpret and assess differently, which reflects what information each auditor considers to be essential information to include in the audit documentation. This in turn can lead to the fact that all auditors do not include what law and standard require.As a proposal for future research, a study should be made in order to determine how many assignments are optimal for an auditor to audit per year, with regards to the time aspect in relation to the documentation requirements.

Bakgrund: Enligt Richards (2014) har digitalisering förvandlat plockprocessen och förbättrat noggrannhet och produktivitet signifikant. Bilvårdsgrossisten upplever att deras plockprocess fungerar relativt bra men att det finns vissa brister som kan lösas av digitalisering. De är därför benägna att effektivisera den med hjälp av mer digitaliserade lösningar och de vill även veta vad som krävs vid en implementering. Syfte: Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka företagets plockprocess hur det ser ut idag för att sedan identifiera brister och problem. Baserat på dessa brister syftar arbetet på att diskutera alternativ som finns som kan förbättra denna process genom digitalisering. Detta för att stödja valet av digitalisering för fallföretaget och andra företag i en liknande situation. Vidare är syftet också att undersöka hur dessa lösningar kan implementeras och att ta fram kriterier som krävs för implementering samt förbereda för eventuella problem eller utmaningar. Metod: Studiens metod är av kvalitativ karaktär och för att besvara studiens frågeställningar har författarna använt sig av en fallstudie på Bilvårdsgrossisten. Det har också skett en jämförande studie med ett företag inom koncernen som i studien benämns Koncernbolaget. Empiri har samlats in genom semi-strukturerade intervjuer och observationer. Slutsats: I Bilvårdsgrossistens plockprocess har följande brister identifierats: fel i sorteringen av plocklistor, felplock, att lagerplatser inte påfyllts när plockare ska hämta artiklar, att plock av mindre artiklar går långsamt, att plock görs separat för varje kundorder och att produktiviteten är relativt låg. I frågeställning två har lösningar inom digitalisering analyserats och sammanställts i en tabell där de kopplas ihop med de identifierade bristerna på Bilvårdsgrossisten. Sammanfattningsvis kan mycket av de brister som identifierats kopplas ihop med alla de digitaliserade lösningar som presenterats och att användandet av WMS är en stor faktor på lösningarna. Slutligen har frågeställning tre visat att vid implementering av nya lösningar kan Bilvårdsgrossisten förvänta sig visst motstånd från anställda, det kommer krävas finansiell och tidsmässig investering. Det kommer att krävas strategi, planering, ledning av förändring samt systemstöd. Avslutningsvis kommer ledningen spela stor roll för att implementering ska lyckas. Det kommer att påverka dagligt arbete negativt. / Background: According to Richards (2014) digitalization has transformed the order picking process and improved accuracy as well as productivity significantly. The company Bilvårdsgrossisten considers their order picking process to be working fairly well but it has some flaws that can be solved by digitalization. They are therefore interested in making the process more efficient through through digitalized solutions and they also want information on what is required to implement these solutions. Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the company's picking process how it looks today to identify flaws and problems. Based on these flaws, the work aims at discussing options that can improve this process through digitization. This, in support of the choice of digitization for the case company and other companies in a similar situation. Furthermore, the purpose is also to investigate how these solutions can be implemented and to develop criteria that are required for implementation and to prepare for any problems or challenges. Method: The method of study is of a qualitative nature and, in order to answer the study's questions, the authors have used a case study at Bilvårdsgrossisten. There has also been a comparative study with a company within the concern, which in the study is called Koncernbolaget. Empirics has been collected through semi-structured interviews and observations. Conclusion: In the studied company´s picking process, the following flaws have been identified: errors in the sorting of picklists, picking errors, empty stock when pickers are about to pick up articles, picking up smaller items slowly, picking separately for each customer order, and low productivity. In question two, solutions in digitization have been analyzed and compiled in a table where they are linked to the identified flaws of Bilvårdsgrossisten. In summary, many of the identified flaws can be linked to all the digitized solutions presented and that the use of WMS is a major factor in the solutions. Finally, question three has shown that when implementing new solutions, Bilvårdsgrossisten can expect some resistance from employees, financial and time-related investment will be required. It will require strategy, planning, leadership of change as well as system support. In conclusion, the management w

Submitted by Franciele Moreira (francielemoreyra@gmail.com) on 2018-09-24T14:29:40Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Gabriel de Avila Batista - 2018.pdf: 2567575 bytes, checksum: 6cfc976ffbec0e51a1f601f6d594c3c0 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-09-24T15:19:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Gabriel de Avila Batista - 2018.pdf: 2567575 bytes, checksum: 6cfc976ffbec0e51a1f601f6d594c3c0 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-24T15:19:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Gabriel de Avila Batista - 2018.pdf: 2567575 bytes, checksum: 6cfc976ffbec0e51a1f601f6d594c3c0 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-07-09 / The Brazilian federal government assumes the imminence of an energy crisis. Thus, hydroelectric projects appear as a preventive response to the reduction of energy resources and to eventual socioeconomic instability arising from this problem. Therefore, it becomes pertinent to several sectors the discussion about the socioeconomic, physical and biotic aspects that are affected by the implantation of hydroelectric dams. Despite the legal, technical and scientific aspects of the brazilian Environmental Licensing (EL) process, it is part of an administrative process, and comply with protocols defined in Reference Terms (RT). Thereby their stages, including the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), must conform to the proposal of these documents to enable the flow of the EL process. The literature indicates shortcomings in environmental licensing processes related to EIAs, with the nature of these gaps varying from administrative, legal, technical, and scientific methods. Still in this plea, the literature also points out problems regarding the biotic aspects of environmental impact assessment. These errors lead to environmental impacts that are difficult to mitigate, since they were not predicted or evaluated during the studies. Observing these premises and considering the RT as the base of the methods used in these studies, it is possible to suppose that this document is one of the problems origins observed in the subsequent phases. Are the guidelines for the biotic environment in RTs in line with what is proposed by science? The analyzes in this study demonstrate that the scientific quality of the biotic environment protocols is low. It is known why sample – as this question answers a legal requirement too –, but it is not known the best sample targets neither the adequate way to sample, which may lead to irreversible impacts. The prognosis is disappointing, with an increase of 0.53% in quality per year, considering 1988 as the starting year, it will still take 158 years to reach the ideal. / O governo federal brasileiro assume a iminência de uma crise de energia. Assim, os projetos hidrelétricos aparecem como uma resposta preventiva à redução de recursos energéticos e à eventual instabilidade socioeconômica decorrente desse problema. Portanto, torna-se pertinente em vários setores a discussão sobre os aspectos socioeconômicos, físicos e bióticos que são afetados pela implantação de hidrelétricas. Apesar dos aspectos legais, técnicos e científicos do processo de Licenciamento Ambiental (LA) brasileiro, faz parte de um processo administrativo e cumpre os protocolos definidos nos Termos de Referência (TR). Assim, suas etapas, incluindo a Avaliação de Impacto Ambiental (AIA), devem estar em conformidade com a proposta desses documentos para permitir o fluxo do processo de LA. A literatura indica deficiências nos processos de licenciamento ambiental relacionados a AIA, com a natureza dessas lacunas variando de métodos administrativos, legais, técnicos e científicos. Nessa razão, a literatura também aponta problemas relacionados aos aspectos bióticos da avaliação de impacto ambiental. Esses problemas levam a impactos ambientais que são difíceis de mitigar, já que não foram previstos ou avaliados durante os estudos. Observando essas premissas e considerando o TR como a base dos métodos utilizados nesses estudos, é possível supor que este documento é uma das origens dos problemas observados nas fases subsequentes. As diretrizes para o ambiente biótico em TRs estão de acordo com o que é proposto pela ciência? As análises nesse estudo demonstram que a qualidade científica dos protocolos para o meio biótico nesses documentos é baixa. Sabe-se porque amostrar – já que essa pergunta responde também a um requisito legal –, mas não são conhecidos os alvos ideais de amostragem nem a forma mais adequada de amostrar, o que possibilita impactos ambientais irreversíveis. O prognóstico é desanimador, com um incremento de 0,53% de qualidade ao ano, considerando 1988 como ano de partida, ainda levaremos 158 anos para atingir o ideal.

Injektionsattack är den mest kritiska säkerhetsapplikationen för webbapplikationer, och SQL-injektion (SQLi) -attack är den mest rapporterade injektionsattacken på webbapplikationer. I denna avhandling har vi identifierat angreppsteknikerna som används av angripare och vi ger också riktlinjer så att programmerarna kan skriva webbapplikationskoder på ett säkert sätt för att förhindra SQLi-attackerna.Metoden som tillämpas för forskningen är litteraturstudie och vi använde vägen bevis genom demonstration för att få den tydliga bilden. Det första steget var att ta reda på kodningsfelen, då utformade vi riktlinjer som kan hjälpa till att skydda webbapplikationer från SQLi-attacker. Denna avhandling kommer att hjälpa programmerarna att förstå de olika kodningsbristerna och hur dessa kodningsfel kan förhindras och för detta har vi använt bevis genom demonstration. Denna avhandling kommer också att bidra till den allmänna medvetenheten om SQLi-attacker, attacker och riktlinjer för programmerare som designar, utvecklar och testar webbapplikationer. / Injection attack is the most critical web application security risk, and SQL-injection (SQLi) attack is the most reported injection attack on web applications. In this thesis, we have identified the attacking techniques used by attackers and we are also providing guidelines so that the programmers can write web application code in a secure way, to prevent the SQLi attacks.The methodology applied for the research is literature study and we used the way proof by demonstration to get the clear picture. The first step was to find out the coding flaws, then we designed guidelines that can help to protect web applications from SQLi attacks. This thesis will help the programmers to understand the various coding flaws and how those coding flaws can be prevented and for this, we have used proof by demonstration. This thesis will also contribute to the general awareness of SQLi attacks, attack types and guidelines for the programmers who are designing, developing and testing web applications.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:25:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tatiana N Smolentzov.pdf: 754594 bytes, checksum: d9d1b92cf92aee4d022592f0f2d0b397 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-05-09 / Despite the fact that the subject of this paper is still disputed and not well studied in the Corporation Law, it has increased in importance nowadays, in view of the growth of the Brazilian economy and the companies. The referred subject is examined in this paper under the perspective of the Corporation law with additional consideration of the Litigation Law. Only flaws in the shareholders meetings will be dealt with in such paper, as the shareholders meeting is the maximum body of the corporations. The main scope of this paper is to show the antagonism between the doctrine and the case law, due to several omissions in the applicable legislation mainly with respect to the annulment of resolutions, statute of limitation and association in suit (litisconsórcio) / O tema do presente trabalho, ainda que muito controvertido e pouco estudado no âmbito do Direito Societário, é de crescente importância nos dias atuais, tendo em vista o crescimento da economia brasileira e conseqüentemente das empresas. Tal tema é examinado neste trabalho do ponto de vista societário e com considerações em matéria de direito processual civil. Serão abordados somente os vícios em assembléias gerais, por ser o órgão máximo das sociedades anônimas. O enfoque principal desse trabalho é mostrar o entendimento antagônico da doutrina e da jurisprudência, tendo em vista as várias omissões legislativas, principalmente no que se refere à anulabilidade e nulidade das deliberações assembleares, prazo prescricional e litisconsórcio

Diverses industries telles que l'aéronautique ou la sidérurgie s’intéressent de plus en plus aux ultrasons laser qui sont une technique de pointe utilisée pour le contrôle et l'évaluation non destructifs des matériaux. Cette méthode d’excitation et de détection des ondes ultrasonores présente comme principaux avantages d’être sans contact et adaptée à des échantillons pour lesquels la mise en œuvre de méthodes conventionnelles s'avère difficile notamment lorsqu’ils sont portés à haute température et/ou qu’ils sont de géométrie complexe.Durant cette thèse, nous nous sommes intéressés à la propagation des ondes acoustiques de surface générées par sources lasers et à l’interaction de ces ondes avec différents défauts. Les modèles analytiques de l’interaction onde-défaut étant limités à quelques cas particuliers, l’étude théorique a été menée en privilégiant une modélisation par éléments finisqui a permis d’accéder aux champs de déplacement des ondes engendrées. Les résultats expérimentaux ont d’abord permis de confirmer la pertinence des modèles analytiques et des modélisations par éléments finis. Ils ont ensuite consisté en l’étude de l’interaction onde-défaut pour différentes formes de défauts et différentes sources thermoélastiques.Les résultats de modélisation associés aux résultats expérimentaux ont en particulier mené à une méthode originale de caractérisation basée sur une conversion de mode permettant de déterminer à partir d’un seul A-scan à la fois la position et la profondeur du défaut. Des sources thermoélastiques non conventionnelles ont également été développées et leur potentiel d’applications pour le contrôle non destructif a été mis en évidence. / Industries like aeronautics or iron and steel industry are more and more interested in laser ultrasonics, which is a cutting-edge technique used in non-destructive testing and evaluation. The main advantages of this acoustic wave generation and detection method are its noncontact feature and its ability to characterize high temperature and/or geometrically complex materials for which conventional methods implementation turns out to be difficult.During this thesis, we dealt with the propagation of surface acoustic waves (SAW) generatedby laser sources and their interaction with different flaws. As analytical models describing theinteraction between SAW and flaws are limited to a few special cases, the theoretical study was preferentially led thanks to the finite element method (FEM) that gave the different waves displacement fields. Experimental results first confirmed analytical models and FEM results suitability. Then, they consisted in studying the interaction between SAW and flaws for different flaw shapes and different thermoelastic sources.FEM results combined with experimental results especially led to an original characterizationmethod based on mode conversion giving both the flaw position and depth thanks to a singleA-scan. Unusual thermoelastic sources have also been implemented and their potentialities in non destructive testing and evaluation applications have been highlighted.

Syftet med uppsatsen var att undersöka vilken typ av brister som anmäls till IVO iärenden som rör familjehemsvård inom socialtjänsten och hur dessa brister kanförstås utifrån ett förändringsperspektiv. I denna kvalitativa dokumentstudie har 30klagomål analyserats utifrån en innehållsanalys av sekundärdata. Resultatet påvisaratt både familjehem och vårdnadshavare upplevt brister i kommunikationen från ochmed socialtjänsten, det visar även att det skett en särbehandling mellanvårdnadshavare. Studien visar att klagomålen berör olika områden, dock ger flertaletklagande uttryck för att de inte känner sig lyssnade på. I diskussionen diskuterasresultatet utifrån studiens centrala begrepp, tolkningsram samt tidigare forskning.Studiens resultat och diskussion visar att det finns ett behov av att stärkakommunikationen mellan socialtjänsten och dess brukare, en viktig faktor i det äratt försöka säkerställa att information mottagits och förståtts på ett korrekt sätt. / The purpose with this essay was to research what type of flaws reported in casesabout family home care in the social services and how they can be understood froma change perspective. In this qualitative document study, 30 complaints have beenanalyzed with content analysis of secondary data. The result shows that both familyhomes and caregivers have experienced communication flaws from and with thesocial services, it also shows that there has been special treatment betweencaregivers. The flaws concern different areas, many express that they do not feellistened to. In the discussion, the results are discussed based on the study's keyconcepts, interpretive framework and previous research. The results and discussionshow that there is a need to strengthen the communication between the socialservices and its users, an important factor is to ensure that information is receivedand understood in a correct way.

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The dissertation called "Flaws of the legislative procedure and the legislation itself" aims to describe the main problems and flaws of the legislative procedure and the current condition of the legislature. It deals with the question of the cause of the current unintelligible and disorganized law. The paper analyses the situation in the Czech Republic, Germany and Austria. The thesis deals with four main questions. First, what kind of law the legislator should create. The question is answered by the description of the formal attributes of the law. Subsequently, it is put into question how the legislator should create such law. The duties of the legislator are described as those which were deduced by the German Federal Constitutional Court. In the chapter which deals with the question of how the legislator creates such law in reality, the particular safety measures and particular flaws of the legislative procedure are described. Finally, the last question analyses what kind of law is created by the legislator in reality, i. e. it deals with the problems of the current legislature which are specifically caused by the so called flood of laws. In conclusion, the thesis answers the question whether there is a connection between the particular flaws of the legislative procedure and the particular flaws...