Costões rochosos da região de São Sebastião são ecossistemas muito vulneráveis a derrames de petróleo, devido à proximidade do Terminal Petrolífero Almirante Barroso (TEBAR) da PETROBRÁS. Foram documentados 144 vazamentos nos últimos 14 anos, na região. No terminal circulam 30.000.000 toneladas de petróleo por ano, cerca de 55 % da circulação nacional. Pouco se sabe sobre a estrutura da comunidade existente nos costões do canal de São Sebastião, especialmente quanto aos efeitos do petróleo na biota. Os procedimentos de limpeza empregados nestes costões têm sido definidos, principalmente, com base em aspectos estéticos e não ecológicos, o que termina por gerar impactos adicionais muitas vezes mais sérios que os do próprio petróleo. O presente estudo visou avaliar os efeitos do petróleo, aplicado experimentalmente, e acompanhar a recuperação da comunidade após o jateamento com água a alta pressão, avaliando-se a eficiência deste método de limpeza, do ponto de vista ecológico. Pretendeu-se, com isso, definir critérios ecologicamente coerentes para a limpeza de costões rochosos na região. O local do experimento situa-se na praia de Barequeçaba, São Sebastião, S. P., onde uma faixa de costão rochoso previamente estudada recebeu experimentalmente 50 litros de petróleo durante sete dias consecutivos. Dos sete transectos permanentes de estudo, três permaneceram com óleo, dois foram jateados com água à pressão de 2500 libras por polegada quadrada (PSI), além dos dois transectos controle. As amostragens pós impacto duraram dois anos e meio. Concluiu-se que as aplicações de petróleo não causaram impacto perceptível na comunidade estudada, sendo que as maiores alterações observadas foram atribuídas às variações naturais, exceto para Siphonaria hispida, Acmaea subrugosa e Crassostrea rhizophorae, espécies que apresentaram alterações que podem estar relacionadas ao contato com o petróleo. A confirmação destas conclusões necessita de estudos específicos mais aprofundados. O jateamento foi um método de limpeza altamente impactante à comunidade, a qual necessitou de mais de dois anos para retornar às condições de equilíbrio. Concluiu-se que este método, assim como outros métodos de limpeza mecânica, com efeitos similares, devem ser evitados. / Rocky shores of São Sebastião region are vulnerable ecosystems to oil spills, due to the proximity of the Petroleum Terminal Almirante Barroso (TEBAR) from PETROBRÁS. It was documented 144 spills in the last 14 years, at the area. Few studies were done about the community structure of rocky shores on São Sebastião Channel, specially including the effects of petroleum on the biota. The cleaning procedures employed on these shores have been defined, mainly, on aesthetical basis and not ecological basis, generating additional impacts sometimes bigger than those caused by the oil itself. The present study focused the evaluation of the oil effects, when applied experimentally, and evaluated the community recovery process after high pressure water flushing. It was intended to compare the cleanup procedures on an ecological point of view. It is intended to define criteria ecologically coherent for the cleanup of rocky shores on the region. The study area is on Barequeçaba beach, São Sebastião, S.P., were one shore area, previously studied, received 50 liters of crude oil during 7 consecutive days. From the seven permanent study transects, 3 remained with oil, 2 were flushed with a 2500 PSI pressure. 2 transects were the controls. The sampling period was of 2 and a half year. It is concluded that the applications of crude oil didn\'t caused visible impact on the studied community, and the natural variations were responsible for the observed fluctuations, except for Siphonaria hispida, Acmaea subrugosa and Crassostrea rhizophorae, species that presented variations that could be related to the contact with the oil. To confirm these conclusions it must be done more accurate studies with these species. The flushing was a very destructive method to the community, which needed more than 2 years to return to the equilibrium state. It is concluded that this method, like the other mechanical cleanup techniques, with similar effects, must be avoided.

Costões rochosos da região de São Sebastião são ecossistemas muito vulneráveis a derrames de petróleo, devido à proximidade do Terminal Petrolífero Almirante Barroso (TEBAR) da PETROBRÁS. Foram documentados 144 vazamentos nos últimos 14 anos, na região. No terminal circulam 30.000.000 toneladas de petróleo por ano, cerca de 55 % da circulação nacional. Pouco se sabe sobre a estrutura da comunidade existente nos costões do canal de São Sebastião, especialmente quanto aos efeitos do petróleo na biota. Os procedimentos de limpeza empregados nestes costões têm sido definidos, principalmente, com base em aspectos estéticos e não ecológicos, o que termina por gerar impactos adicionais muitas vezes mais sérios que os do próprio petróleo. O presente estudo visou avaliar os efeitos do petróleo, aplicado experimentalmente, e acompanhar a recuperação da comunidade após o jateamento com água a alta pressão, avaliando-se a eficiência deste método de limpeza, do ponto de vista ecológico. Pretendeu-se, com isso, definir critérios ecologicamente coerentes para a limpeza de costões rochosos na região. O local do experimento situa-se na praia de Barequeçaba, São Sebastião, S. P., onde uma faixa de costão rochoso previamente estudada recebeu experimentalmente 50 litros de petróleo durante sete dias consecutivos. Dos sete transectos permanentes de estudo, três permaneceram com óleo, dois foram jateados com água à pressão de 2500 libras por polegada quadrada (PSI), além dos dois transectos controle. As amostragens pós impacto duraram dois anos e meio. Concluiu-se que as aplicações de petróleo não causaram impacto perceptível na comunidade estudada, sendo que as maiores alterações observadas foram atribuídas às variações naturais, exceto para Siphonaria hispida, Acmaea subrugosa e Crassostrea rhizophorae, espécies que apresentaram alterações que podem estar relacionadas ao contato com o petróleo. A confirmação destas conclusões necessita de estudos específicos mais aprofundados. O jateamento foi um método de limpeza altamente impactante à comunidade, a qual necessitou de mais de dois anos para retornar às condições de equilíbrio. Concluiu-se que este método, assim como outros métodos de limpeza mecânica, com efeitos similares, devem ser evitados. / Rocky shores of São Sebastião region are vulnerable ecosystems to oil spills, due to the proximity of the Petroleum Terminal Almirante Barroso (TEBAR) from PETROBRÁS. It was documented 144 spills in the last 14 years, at the area. Few studies were done about the community structure of rocky shores on São Sebastião Channel, specially including the effects of petroleum on the biota. The cleaning procedures employed on these shores have been defined, mainly, on aesthetical basis and not ecological basis, generating additional impacts sometimes bigger than those caused by the oil itself. The present study focused the evaluation of the oil effects, when applied experimentally, and evaluated the community recovery process after high pressure water flushing. It was intended to compare the cleanup procedures on an ecological point of view. It is intended to define criteria ecologically coherent for the cleanup of rocky shores on the region. The study area is on Barequeçaba beach, São Sebastião, S.P., were one shore area, previously studied, received 50 liters of crude oil during 7 consecutive days. From the seven permanent study transects, 3 remained with oil, 2 were flushed with a 2500 PSI pressure. 2 transects were the controls. The sampling period was of 2 and a half year. It is concluded that the applications of crude oil didn\'t caused visible impact on the studied community, and the natural variations were responsible for the observed fluctuations, except for Siphonaria hispida, Acmaea subrugosa and Crassostrea rhizophorae, species that presented variations that could be related to the contact with the oil. To confirm these conclusions it must be done more accurate studies with these species. The flushing was a very destructive method to the community, which needed more than 2 years to return to the equilibrium state. It is concluded that this method, like the other mechanical cleanup techniques, with similar effects, must be avoided.

In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden die elektrischen und nicht-elektrischen Einstellparameter der Bohrerosion untersucht. Ein neuer Ansatz zur geregelten Zwangsspülung wird vorgestellt und die Mechanismen diskutiert, die zu veränderten Prozessrandbedingungen führen. Abhängig von der Entladeenergie kann eine optimale Durchflussmenge ermittelt werden, die eine direkte Abtragwirkung zur Folge hat, wodurch der Abtragmechanismus in der Funkenerosion erweitert werden muss. Längliche Einzelentladungskrater bestätigen eine erhöhte Mobilität des Entladekanals während einer Entladung infolge der starken Spülung. Wasserbasiertes Dielektrikum führt bei einer kathodischen Elektrodenpolung zu einem verschleißreduzierenden Elektrolyseeffekt, der die Energieumsetzung an der Elektrode direkt beeinflusst. Die Übertragbarkeit der Ergebnisse von Einzelentladungen auf den Folgeprozess kann durch die hier vorgestellte problemangepasste Spüleinrichtung nachgewiesen werden.

The diploma thesis with name “Monitoring the Impact of Simulated Rainfall on Soil with Flushing Water by EIS Method” deals with the problems of soil degradation due to salinization and sodification in consequence of infiltration of flushing waters from roads during winter maintenance. This experiment was realized in laboratories of the Institute of water structures of the Faculty of Civil engineering at Brno University of Technology and researched the influence of simulated rainfall on degraded soil by method of electrical impedance spectrometry (EIS). The thesis follows the solution of projects in international EUREKA program.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-10-09Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:13:05Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 goncalves_rh_me_rcla.pdf: 965679 bytes, checksum: c05e92494197dce7544dd639d4fa9e8c (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / A contaminação de solos por metais pesados constitui-se em um problema ambiental que, geralmente, produz riscos permanentes à saúde humana e aos sistemas ecológicos, portanto com freqüente necessidade de intervenção por meio de tecnologias de remediação. Uma de tecnologias alternativas para a remediação de solos contaminados com metais pesados é a lavagem de solos in situ, cujo processo de remoção de contaminantes do solo envolve a percolação de uma solução extratora. Este trabalho propõe o emprego da metodologia de superfície de resposta para ajustar um modelo que aponte combinações entre os parâmetros da solução extratora – concentração de etileno diaminotetraacético dissódico (Na2EDTA), volume e pH da solução extratora – que possibilitem reduzir a concentração de cobre de um solo arenoso, a níveis de risco inferiores aos valores de intervenção para os cenários de exposição adotados pela Companhia Ambiental do Estado de São Paulo. Para tanto, realizou-se uma série de ensaios de lixiviação em coluna utilizando-se um Neossolo Flúvico artificialmente contaminado (1257,3 mg kg-1). Os ensaios foram conduzidos em triplicata e configuraram um arranjo experimental do tipo planejamento composto central rotacional, composto por 15 diferentes combinações dos parâmetros da solução extratora e de uma replicata no ponto central. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que a metodologia de superfície de resposta possibilitou o ajuste de um modelo, que aponta combinações de concentração de Na2EDTA, volume e pH da solução extratora que permitem reduzir a concentração de cobre de um determinado Neossolo Flúvico a valores inferiores aos dispostos pela Companhia Ambiental do Estado de São Paulo, para os cenários de exposição industrial, residencial, agrícola ou de proteção máxima. / The soil contamination by heavy metals is an environmental problem that usually produces permanent risk to human health and ecological systems that often need the intervention through remediation technologies. An alternative remediation technology for soils contaminated with heavy metals is the soil flushing, which the contaminant removing process involves the percolation of an extraction solution. This work proposes the use of response surface methodology to adjust a model that points out combinations among the parameters of the extraction solution –ethylenediaminetetraacetic disodium (Na2EDTA) concentration, volume e pH of extraction solution –to reduce the concentration of copper in a sandy soil to risk levels lower than the intervention levels for exposure scenarios adopted by Environmental Company of Sao Paulo State. Thus, a series of tests in leaching column was carried out using a Fluvisol artificially contaminated (1257,3 mg kg-1). The tests were conducted in triplicate and setup an experimental array of type central composite rotatable design, composed of 15 different combinations of the parameters of the extraction solution and one replicate in the center point. The results showed that the response surface methodology allowed the fit of a model that identifies combinations of Na2EDTA concentration, volume and pH of the extraction solution to reduce the concentration of copper in a Fluvisol to values lower than those adopted by Environmental Company of Sao Paulo State for the exposure scenarios, namely industrial, residential, agricultural or maximum protection.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-20T14:37:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao_eduardo_negri.pdf: 3971714 bytes, checksum: 63cf711c12a26111d352960e989f0624 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-02-27 / The goals of this study were to relate cases of ceruminous and purulent external otitis canine in relation to age and breed of the dog, clinical evolution, ear conformation, clinical and microbiological findings; evaluate the effect of topical therapy associated to ceruminolytics in ears with ceruminous external otitis and, evaluate the effect of the ear flushing in ears with purulent external otitis. The ears were evaluated by type of secretion in ceruminous (OC) or purulent (OP). For the treatment of ceruminous external otitis 40 ears were divided in groups A and B, with group A being treated with ceruminolytic and ear solution, and B only with ear solution. For the treatment of purulent otitis 36 ears were divided in groups A1 and B1. The ears of both groups were treated with topical solution and systemic antimicrobial. In group A1 was performed an only ear flushing at day 0.The ears was evaluated clinically (0, 15, 30, 45 days of treatment), and the ears with no pruritus, cerumen/exudate in the acoustic conch and erythema in the clinical otoscopy were discharged. Samples for microbiological evaluation were collected in the three studies. The cases of OC in relation to OP were more frequent in the breed poodle and in the breed brazilian fila, respectivelly, in pendulous ears the evolution of OP was chronic. The average age in OC was 3.3, and in OP, 4.4. The OC were characterized by erythema in the acoustic conch and variable amount of cerumen, and the OP were characterized by the shaking of the head, bad smell, exudate in the acoustic conch, otalgia, ulcers and stenosis and the moderate to intense amount of exudate. In the OC cytology there was predominance of Gram + cocci and yeast, in OP Gram rods and Gram + cocci. In OC the main isolates were M. pachydermatis and S. intermedius. In OP they were Proteus sp., P. aeruginosa and S. intermedius. Amoxicillin associated to clavulanic acid in OC and tobramycin in OP were the antibacterial more effective. In the evaluation of the treatment of OC it was observed that, at day 45, 14 ears of group A and 10 of group B were discharged. However, statistic differences between the treatments in all evaluation were not observed. In the first collection, M. pachydermatis and S. intermedius were isolated, at day 30, none of the samples presented bacterial growth. In the treatment of OP, both groups showed reduced clinical signs at day 45, being discharged 13 ears of group A1 and 12 of group B1. Gram and Gram + were isolated, which decreased in both treatments. Gentamicin was the most effectiveness antibacterial for both studies. It was concluded that, in the conditions studied there was difference in relation to the age, breed, clinical evolution, clinical signs, cytology, isolation and sensibility to antibiotics between ceruminous and purulent otitis; the use of ceruminolytic and ear flushing at day 0, in OC and OP respectively, did not show difference in the reduction of clinical signs, bacterial and fungal isolation and in clinical discharge. / Este estudo objetivou relacionar casos de otite externa canina ceruminosa e purulenta com a idade e raça do cão, evolução clínica, conformação da orelha, achados clínicos e microbiológicos; avaliar o efeito da terapia tópica associada a ceruminolíticos em orelhas com otite externa ceruminosa e, avaliar o efeito da lavagem do canal auditivo em orelhas com otite externa purulenta. As orelhas foram avaliadas pelo tipo de secreção em otite ceruminosa (OC) ou otite purulenta (OP). Para o tratamento da otite externa ceruminosa 40 orelhas foram divididas nos grupos A e B, sendo o grupo A tratado com ceruminolítico e solução otológica e, o grupo B somente com solução otológica. Para o tratamento da otite purulenta 36 orelhas foram divididas nos grupos A1 e B1. Ambos os grupos foram tratados com solução tópica e antibacteriano sistêmico, no grupo A1 foi realizada uma única lavagem auditiva no dia 0. As orelhas foram avaliadas clinicamente (0,15,30,45 dias) e aquelas com ausência de prurido, de cerúmen/exsudato na concha acústica e de eritema na otoscopia receberam alta clínica. Nos três estudos foram colhidas amostras para avaliação microbiológica. Casos de OC em relação à OP foram mais freqüentes, respectivamente em cães da raça poodle e da raça fila brasileiro, em orelhas pendulares e a evolução das OP foi crônica. A média de idade nas OC foi 3,3 anos e nas OP 4,4 anos. As OC se caracterizaram por eritema da concha acústica e quantidade variável de cerúmen, e as OP por balançar da cabeça, odor fétido, exsudato na concha acústica, otalgia, úlceras, estenose e quantidade moderada e intensa de exsudato. Na citologia nas OC houve predomínio de cocos Gram+ e leveduras e nas OP bacilos Gram- e cocos Gram+. Nas OC, os principais isolados foram de Malassezia pachydermatis e Staphylococcus intermedius e nas OP Proteus sp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa e S. intermedius. Amoxicilina com ácido clavulânico nas OC e tobramicina nas OP foram os antibacterianos mais eficazes. Na avaliação do tratamento das OC aos 45 dias houve alta clínica em 14 orelhas do grupo A e 10 do grupo B, porém não foram observadas diferenças estatísticas entre tratamentos em todas as avaliações. Na primeira coleta foram isolados principalmente M. pachydermatis e S. intermedius, aos 30 dias nenhuma amostra apresentava crescimento bacteriano. No tratamento das OP em ambos os grupos os sinais clínicos estavam reduzidos aos 45 dias, com alta clínica de 13 orelhas do grupo A1 e em 12 do grupo B1. Foram mais isolados bacilos Gram- e cocos Gram+, que diminuíram em ambos tratamentos. Gentamicina foi o antibacteriano com maior eficácia nos dois estudos. Conclui-se que nas condições estudadas houve diferença quanto à idade, raça, evolução clínica, achados clínicos, citologia, isolamento e sensibilidade a antibacterianos entre as otites ceruminosas e purulentas; o uso de ceruminolítico e a lavagem do canal auditivo no dia 0, respectivamente nas OC e OP não demonstraram diferença na redução dos sinais clínicos, no isolamento bacteriano e fúngico e na alta clínica.

De nos jours, la préservation de l’environnement est un enjeu majeur. Avant cette prise de conscience, de nombreux polluants ont été rejetés dans la nature. Parmi eux, les hydrocarbures sont très souvent rencontrés. Or, ils sont reconnus pour leur toxicité et leur persistance accrue. La mise en place de méthodes efficaces de dépollution est donc primordiale. Les méthodes classiques nécessitent l’excavation ou le pompage des zones contaminées, imposant un coût de dépollution élevé. C’est pourquoi des techniques de dépollution in-situ ont été développées afin de réduire ces coûts, tout en garantissant des rendements de dépollution efficaces. Les travaux menés durant cette Thèse ont permis de déterminer, pour plusieurs techniques de traitement, les facteurs limitants inhérents à la technique, mais aussi de quantifier le rôle du contact entre agents de traitement et zone polluée ou des effets densitaires. Les techniques in-situ utilisées sont : l’oxydation chimique in situ, le lavage par tensio-actifs, l’injection d’air (sparging) et le traitement thermique. Trois niveaux d’expérience ont été étudiés : le batch, la colonne et le pilote 3D. Les réacteurs fermés, ont permis la comparaison des oxydants en statiques face à une matrice plus ou moins riche en matières organiques. Les colonnes ont mis en avant l’influence du mode d'injection appliqué vis-à-vis des propriétés physico-chimiques des polluants (cinétique réactionnelle, pression de vapeur, température d’ébullition, etc.). Les pilotes 3D, d’un volume d’un 1 m3, ont permis de comparer les différentes techniques sur un milieu hétérogène présentant des zones peu perméables, difficiles à traiter. A partir des résultats acquis et de modélisation numérique des expériences, il est dorénavant possible de mieux ajuster la méthode de traitement et surtout de comparer différentes méthodes pour un contexte hydrogéologique donné. / Pollution of soils and aquifers by Diesel fuel compounds is a widespread remediation issue. Problems due to soil remediation are more and more difficult to treat. Hydrocarbons are often encountered. But they are known for their toxicity and increased persistence. The establishment of effective remediation methods is paramount. Conventional methods require excavation or pumping contaminated areas requiring a high abatement costs. That is why, in-situ remediation techniques have been developed to reduce these costs while ensuring efficient pollution control returns. The work done during this thesis has determined for several treatments, the limiting factors inherent the treatment, but also quantifies the role of contact between agents and pollutants or density effects. In-situ treatments are: in situ chemical oxidation, surfactants flushing, air sparging and thermic treatment. Three levels of experience were investigated: batch, column and 3D Pilot. Batchs, enabled the comparison of oxidants in sand and natural soil. The columns have highlighted the influence of the injection method applied occurs toward the physical and chemical properties of contaminants (reaction kinetics, vapor pressure, boiling temperature, etc.). 3D Pilot, have a volume of 1m3. They were used to compare the different treatments on a heterogeneous medium having low permeability zones, difficult to treat. From the results of numerical modeling and experiences, it is possible to adjust the treatment method and especially to compare different methods for a given hydrogeological context.

In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden die elektrischen und nicht-elektrischen Einstellparameter der Bohrerosion untersucht. Ein neuer Ansatz zur geregelten Zwangsspülung wird vorgestellt und die Mechanismen diskutiert, die zu veränderten Prozessrandbedingungen führen. Abhängig von der Entladeenergie kann eine optimale Durchflussmenge ermittelt werden, die eine direkte Abtragwirkung zur Folge hat, wodurch der Abtragmechanismus in der Funkenerosion erweitert werden muss. Längliche Einzelentladungskrater bestätigen eine erhöhte Mobilität des Entladekanals während einer Entladung infolge der starken Spülung. Wasserbasiertes Dielektrikum führt bei einer kathodischen Elektrodenpolung zu einem verschleißreduzierenden Elektrolyseeffekt, der die Energieumsetzung an der Elektrode direkt beeinflusst. Die Übertragbarkeit der Ergebnisse von Einzelentladungen auf den Folgeprozess kann durch die hier vorgestellte problemangepasste Spüleinrichtung nachgewiesen werden.

Centrala venösa infarter används inom vården för att administrera läkemedel, ge parenteral nutrition och för blodprovstagning. Indikationer på att en patient behöver en central venös infart är att patienten behöver akut vård eller långvarig intravenös administrering av läkemedel. Många av dessa patienter behöver dessutom genomgå undersökningar via datortomografen (DT), där kontrastmedel kan krävas för att undersökningen ska kunna utföras. Syfte: Syftet med litteraturöversiktet var att sammanställa kunskap om centrala venösa infarters användbarhet vid administrering av kontrastmedel i samband med DT undersökningar. Metod: En allmän litteraturöversikt som baseras på tolv kvantitativa artiklar. Resultat: I de tolv artiklarna så uppmärksammades fyra kategorier som syftar till användbarheten: Tryck och Flödeshastigheter, Kateterspetsläge, Efterspolning och Diagnostisk bildkvalitet. Flera av studierna visade på kateterspetsförskjutning i samband med en kontrastmedelsinjektion med tryckspruta på DT. Tre av de fyra studier som kontrollerade bildkvalitet visade på bra diagnostisk bildkvalitet. Slutsats: Centrala venösa infarter är användbara vid administrering av kontrastmedel under datortomografiundersökningar under förutsättning att röntgensjuksköterskan har rätt kunskap om användandet av dem. Nationella riktlinjer behövs för att underlätta röntgensjuksköterskans arbete med dem så att hanteringen av dem utförs patientsäkert. / Central venous access is used in healthcare for drug administration, blood sampling, and providing parenteral nutrition. Indications for a patient needing a central venous access are either that a patient needs urgent care or prolonged intravenous administration of drugs. Many of these patients also need to undergo examinations via computed tomography (CT), where contrast agents may be required for the examination to be performed. Purpose: The purpose of the literature review was to compile knowledge about the usability of central venous access during the administration of contrast agents in connection with CT examinations. Method: A general literature review based on twelve quantitative articles was performed. Result: In the twelve articles, four categories were observed with the aim being usefulness: Pressure and Flow Rates, Catheter Tip position, Flushing and also Diagnostic Image Quality. Several of the studies showed catheter tip displacement being in connection with a contrast injection of a syringe during the CT examinations. Three of the four studies that controlled image quality showed good diagnostic image quality. Conclusions: Central venous access is useful in the administration of contrast agents during computed tomography examinations, provided that the radiographer has the correct knowledge of their use. National guidelines are needed to facilitate the radiographers work with them so that their usability is carried out with patient safety in mind.

Cette thèse a pour objectif de caractériser les processus dominants dans l'évolution morphologique d'une retenue de forme allongée. Ces retenues sont caractérisées par une dimension longitudinale prédominante par rapport à la dimension transversale. La thèse s'est appuyée sur le cas de la retenue de Génissiat, située au cœur d'une série d'aménagements hydro-électriques sur le Haut-Rhône et soumise à des opérations régulières de chasses hydrauliques. Une analyse hydro-morphologique basée sur l'interprétation des évolutions morphologiques et des conditions d'écoulement a été réalisée. A partir de cette analyse, un découpage de la retenue en tronçons a permis de mettre en évidence la dynamique spatiale des sédiments au sein de la retenue. Une analyse de la dynamique spatio-temporelle du transport des sédiments a permis de quantifier et de caractériser les flux de transportés et leurs incertitudes. La contribution des processus associés au transport des différentes classes granulométriques (sables et sédiments fins) a alors été évaluée. Enfin, deux modèles numériques unidimensionnels ont été développés afin de simuler les processus dominants pour le transport des sédiments fins et des sédiments grossiers. Les résultats de modélisation ont montré la capacité des modèles à reproduire les évolutions morphologiques et les flux transportés, avec des valeurs simulées comprises dans les plages d'incertitude de mesure. La partie amont de la retenue apparait ainsi nettement dominée par le transport de sable alors que la partie aval est dominée par le transport de fines. Finalement, les modèles ont été appliqués pour tester différents protocoles de gestion de la retenue dans le but d'établir des règles d'exploitation permettant de limiter le comblement de la retenue et les impacts environnementaux à l'échelle d'évènements de chasse et sur le long terme / This PhD thesis aimed to characterize the main processes responsible for the morphological evolution of an elongated reservoir, characterized by predominant longitudinal dimensions. It was based on the case study of the Genissiat reservoir, located in a series of hydropower plants on the French Upper Rhone River and regularly subjected to flushing operations. A fluvial geomorphological analysis based on morphological evolutions and hydraulic conditions was performed. A longitudinal delineation of the reservoir allowed to highlight the spatial dynamics of the reservoir. Sediment fluxes in the reservoir and their uncertainties were quantified and qualified and evidenced the contribution of transport processes associated to sand and fine sediments. Two one-dimensional numerical models were developed to simulate the main processes for fine sediment and coarse sediment transport, respectively. Numerical results showed that these models were able to reproduce morphological evolutions and sediment fluxes, with differences between simulated and measured values lower than the measurement uncertainties. It appeared that the upstream part of the reservoir is dominated by sand transport while the downstream part of the reservoir is dominant by silt and clay sediment transport. Finally, the models were used to simulate predictive scenarios and to evaluate the impact of the operating rules on sediment dynamics. Some enhancements to current operating rules were proposed to limit reservoir sedimentation and downstream ecological impacts related to flushing events and long-term management