This master's thesis is focused on reception analysis of Czech TV series "Život je ples". It is a family TV series produced by Česká televize. Its central topic are lives of clients of a retirement home, their families and employees of the facility, who are taking care of them. The analysis of reception is mainly devoted to how elderly, the social group which this TV show is about, perceived the series. The theoretical part introduces three approaches of audience research, the most emphasis is put on sociocultural research, which refused the power of text and admitted, that media texts are open to several possible interpretations in dependence on particular social context of every recipient and other conventions. From this approach arose reception research, which this thesis also introduces. It also describes problems of lives of the elderly and therefore puts forth a theoretical basis for subsequent analysis. The final point deals with construction of identity based on media fiction. In the empirical part the thesis focuses on several selected topics, which came from qualitative content analysis of individual episodes of the series. It is about dreams and education, family ties, relationships of elderly and specifics of a life in retirement home. This thesis through the method of focus groups...

Xenophobia is a notoriously difficult concept to explore, especially within the complex South African environment. This exploration has two elements: the theoretical and the practical. The theoretical element focuses mainly on the theories of xenophobia in South Africa, as well as the theoretical response of the Church to the problem. The practical element is a qualitative empirical exploration using small scale focus group interviews to gain insight into the relationship between xenophobia and religion, with special reference to young Christians of The Methodist Church of Southern Africa. The findings seem to suggest that “being religious” does not prevent xenophobic attitudes and emotions and that there is potential to have xenophobic reactions in people who “perceive” themselves to be religious living in an environment of economic and social hardships. Religious involvement combined with economic and social factors may promote xenophobic reactions. In an indirect way(s) religion may be one of the “causes” of xenophobia. / Philosophy, Practical and Systematic Theology / M. Th. (Practical Theology)

Diese qualitative Studie untersucht das Employabilitykonzept am Beispiel von Werkern eines deutschen Werkes eines deutschen Automobilherstellers. Ihre Wahrnehmung des Konzepts Employability und die Hintergründe dieser Wahrnehmung sind im Fokus. Einem triangulativen Ansatz folgend wird weiterhin die Perspektive betrieblicher Vertreter auf das Konzept Employability erhoben. Es werden zudem betriebliche Prozesse und Strukturen erhoben, die als bedeutsam für auf Employability bezogene Wahrnehmungen erachtet werden. Befunde: Employability und damit verbundene Forderungen nach der Selbststeuerung der Existenzsicherung auf dem Arbeitsmarkt – Aktivitäten des Lernens und der beruflichen Entwicklung betreffend – tangieren die Werker kaum. Betrieblicherseits ist die Entwicklung einer arbeitsmarktbezogenen – überbetrieblichen – Attraktivität der Werker ebenfalls nicht im Fokus, sondern vielmehr die Förderung der intern zu zeigenden Leistungsbereitschaft. Grundsätzlich nehmen Werker betrieblich-strukturell vermittelt die Erfordernis zur Selbststeuerung der Entwicklung tätigkeitsrelevanter Kompetenzen wahr – seitens der betrieblichen Vertreter wird diesbezüglich die Entwicklung eines neuen Selbstverständnisses gefordert. Derartige betriebliche Forderungen nach Selbststeuerung lehnen die Werker jedoch ab: Diese Selbststeuerung entspricht einerseits kaum ihrem arbeitsbezogenen Rollenverständnis, andererseits führen die Werker derartige Selbststeuerungserfordernisse auch auf die als unzureichend erlebten betrieblichen Unterstützungsstrukturen zurück, die sie als Ausdruck einer fehlenden betrieblichen Wertschätzung wahrnehmen. Zusammenfassend zeigt sich das Employabilitykonzept im Bereich der industriellen Produktion als nicht bedeutsam. / In this qualitative study the concept of employability is analysed. The study focuses upon blue-collar workers working in a German plant of a German car producer. The blue-collar workers’ perceptions of the concept of employability and reasons for this are analysed. Following a triangulative approach the perspective of their employer on the concept of employability is also studied. Moreover, structures and processes that are potentially relevant for the blue-collar workers’ perceptions of the concept of employability are analysed. Results: The concept of employability and related requirements such as taking care for surviving in the labor market by self-directing learning and career development are relatively unimportant for blue-collar workers. Also the company is not interested in any form of personal development in terms of improving their skill base to make them employable. It solely focusses upon the willingness of the blue-collar workers to complete the tasks assigned to them. The blue-collar workers realise that in order to fulfill the job requirements self-direction in the development of job-related competences is needed. Regarding self-direction the employer wants to have a new culture. Generally, the demands of the company regarding self-direction aren’t valued by the blue-collar workers. On the one hand self-direction doesn''t fit to the blue-collar workers'' expectations of or attitudes towards work. On the other hand it is perceived as the negative result of non-supportive work structures. Because of these non-supportive work structures the blue-collar workers do not feel valued by the company. In summary the concept of employability has no relevance on the shop floor.

Neste trabalho foram estabelecidos os fundamentos metodológicos baseados na identificação dos fatores de risco, fatores de risco identificados, necessários na elaboração de campanhas de segurança viária, orientados pelas diretrizes estabelecidas no projeto CAST (Campaigns and Awareness-raising Strategies in Traffic Safety), o qual define a identificação do comportamento-problema gerador de acidentes como elemento essencial na definição do objetivo de cada campanha. Não havendo dados estatísticos consistentes e confiáveis dos quais seja possível extrair esta informação, foi necessário identificar os fatores comportamentais que estão na origem de atos inseguros e que devem ser prioritários na elaboração de campanhas de segurança viária. Para o efeito, foi necessário estabelecer uma metodologia que envolveu a utilização de diferentes instrumentos de coleta de dados com o objetivo de identificar os comportamentos-problema, assim como outros fatores relacionados à infraestrutura e ao meio ambiente que poderiam induzir esses comportamentos. Esta metodologia envolveu a aplicação de Grupos Focais que orientaram a elaboração de um questionário voltado para a identificação dos fatores de risco do sistema viário, comportamentos de risco e opiniões relacionados com os tipos de mensagens de campanhas. Este questionário foi posteriormente aplicado a uma amostra de condutores, juntamente com o DBQ – Driver Behaviour Questionnaire, este orientado para a identificação de comportamentos de risco de cada inquirido. A associação desses dois instrumentos permitiu a identificação de fatores de risco no sistema viário, assim como comportamentais de risco habituais e as preferências dos inquiridos sobre tipos e mensagens de campanhas, bem como meios de mídia. A análise estatística dos dados coletados permitiu identificar os seguintes fatores de risco relacionados à via: (1) más condições da infraestrutura da via, (2) más condições de sinalização, (3) más condições dos veículos que trafegam pelas vias, e (4) interação principalmente com pedestres. Foram ainda identificadas as suas opiniões relativamente a comportamentos-problema dos demais usuários do sistema viário, destacando-se os seguintes fatores: (1) sono, (2) bebidas, (3) drogas e (4) mensagens de texto. Quanto à importância das campanhas, os inquiridos consideram que elas devem: (1) ser dirigidas aos fatores de risco identificados, (2) estar associadas a outras ações como fiscalização e (3) seus resultados devem ser divulgados pelos órgãos de governo. Finalmente, acerca das mensagens das campanhas e tipos de mídia utilizados, os inquiridos consideraram que as mensagens devem: (1) utilizar laços afetivos, (2) ser mais impactantes, (3) conter cenas reais, (4) ter finalidade educativa; e as mídias mais adequadas seriam: (1) televisão, (2) internet (com ênfase às redes sociais) e (3) painéis de mensagens variáveis. Quanto ao questionário DBQ, foram identificados sete fatores comportamentais dos próprios inquiridos com maior peso e relação com atos inseguros: (1) Baixo nível de aptidão, (2) Infração, (3) Distração/Inatenção, (4) Condução agressiva, (5) Baixa consciência da situação, (6) Estresse e (7) Adaptação Comportamental. Esses fatores representam os tópicos prioritários que devem ser trabalhados em futuras campanhas. / This research established the methodological principles based on the identification of risk factors necessary for elaboration road safety campaigns, following the guidelines recommended by the CAST (Campaigns and Awareness-raising Strategies in Traffic Safety) project, which defines the identification of main problem behaviors generating accidents as an essential element in the definition of each campaign goal. Since there is no consistent and reliable statistical data proveding this information, it was necessary to identify the behavioral factors that originate unsafe acts and that should be priority in road safety campaigns. In order to achieve this result, it was necessary to establish a methodology involving the use of different data collection tools with the intention of identifying the problem behaviors, as well as other factors related to the infrastructure and environment capable to induce these behaviors. This methodology involved Focus Groups application that directed the elaboration of a questionnaire aiming at a identifing road system risk factors, risky behaviors and opinions regarding the types of campaigns messages. This questionnaire was further applied to a drivers\' sample, together with the DBQ Driver Behavior Questionnaire, which was directed to the identification of risky behaviors of each respondent. The association between these two instruments enabled the identification of road system risk factors, as well as common risky behaviors and the respondents\' preferences about the types of campaign messages and media means. The statistical analysis of the collected data enabled the identification of the following risk factors related to the road system: (1) poor road infrastructure conditions, (2) poor signing conditions, (3) poor vehicle conditions, and (4) interaction mainly with pedestrians. Opinions about problem-behaviors were also identified, stressing the following factors: (1) drowsiness, (2) drink and drive, (3) drugs and medication effects (4) texting driving. Concerning the campaigns importance, the respondents considered that they should: (1) be directed to identified risk factors, (2) be associated to other actions such as enforcement and (3) have its results published by the government entities. Finally, regarding the campaign messages and the used media types, the respondents considered that the messages should: (1) use affective anchors, (2) be more impactful, (3) contain real scenes, (4) have educative purpose; and the most adequate media would be: (1) television, (2) internet (with emphasis to the social networks) and (3) variable message panels. With respect to the DBQ questionnaire, seven behavioral factors based on the respondents own experience were identified as more important and related to unsafe attitudes: (1) poor fitness to drive, (2) violations, (3) distraction/inattention, (4) aggressive driving, (5) poor situation awareness, (6) stress and (7) behavioural adaptation. These factors represented the priority topics that should be handled in future campaigns.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:56:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Wedja Maria Oliveira Leal.pdf: 1460648 bytes, checksum: a6ed8e65009dd658c565f4ed1d19a85a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-04-03 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This study sought to identify the senses and the meanings of indiscipline for teachers students involved in a private university located in the East Zone of São Paulo. It was analyzed the problems of indiscipline that undergraduate teachers face and how these problems are manifested and explained by the teachers and the students. It was adopted, as the theoretical framework, the Socio-Historical Psychology. Data were collected and produced by the technique known as focus groups. The materials produced through the focus groups were transcribed and analyzed aiming to construct core meaning nuclei, as proposed by Aguiar and Ozella (2013). The results suggest that the meaning of discipline for teachers and students is very similar in appearance, although having distinct origins: both groups agreed that there is not indiscipline among undergraduate students, since the mischievous conducts are viewed by most teachers as uneducated persons typical behaviors. Students, on the other hand, saw these ills-behaviors as resulting from the ignorance about the few institutional rules. It was concluded that these notions were mainly a result of the lack of clear rules able to lay the foundation of living in the university environment. It is possible to say that this research helped to show how complex the phenomenon of indiscipline in higher education is, a phenomenon that, according to the literature, is still unexplored at this level of education / Este trabalho procurou identificar os sentidos e significados de indisciplina para docentes e discentes de uma universidade privada situada na Zona Leste da cidade de São Paulo. Para isso, foram analisados os problemas de indisciplina que os professores universitários enfrentam e como esses problemas se manifestam e são explicados tanto por eles como por seus alunos. O referencial teórico adotado foi o da Psicologia Sócio-Histórica. Os dados foram coletados e produzidos por meio da técnica conhecida como grupo focal. Os materiais colhidos por meio dos grupos focais foram transcritos e analisados mediante a proposta de Aguiar e Ozella (2013), que elucida como proceder para construir núcleos de significação. Os dados sugerem que para professores e alunos de graduação, o significado da indisciplina é bastante semelhante em sua aparência, embora uns e outros indiquem ter ele origens distintas: se para os dois grupos não há indisciplina, já que as condutas inadequadas são vistas pela maioria dos docentes como comportamentos típicos de pessoas mal-educadas, os alunos entendem que comportamentos impróprios resultam de desconhecimento das poucas regras institucionais. Conclui-se que essas opiniões decorrem, sobretudo, da falta de regras claras que alicerçassem a boa convivência no ambiente universitário. Esta pesquisa contribuiu para mostrar como é complexo o fenômeno da indisciplina na educação superior, um fenômeno que, de acordo com a revisão da literatura, ainda se encontra por desbravar nesse nível de ensino

Neste trabalho foram estabelecidos os fundamentos metodológicos baseados na identificação dos fatores de risco, fatores de risco identificados, necessários na elaboração de campanhas de segurança viária, orientados pelas diretrizes estabelecidas no projeto CAST (Campaigns and Awareness-raising Strategies in Traffic Safety), o qual define a identificação do comportamento-problema gerador de acidentes como elemento essencial na definição do objetivo de cada campanha. Não havendo dados estatísticos consistentes e confiáveis dos quais seja possível extrair esta informação, foi necessário identificar os fatores comportamentais que estão na origem de atos inseguros e que devem ser prioritários na elaboração de campanhas de segurança viária. Para o efeito, foi necessário estabelecer uma metodologia que envolveu a utilização de diferentes instrumentos de coleta de dados com o objetivo de identificar os comportamentos-problema, assim como outros fatores relacionados à infraestrutura e ao meio ambiente que poderiam induzir esses comportamentos. Esta metodologia envolveu a aplicação de Grupos Focais que orientaram a elaboração de um questionário voltado para a identificação dos fatores de risco do sistema viário, comportamentos de risco e opiniões relacionados com os tipos de mensagens de campanhas. Este questionário foi posteriormente aplicado a uma amostra de condutores, juntamente com o DBQ – Driver Behaviour Questionnaire, este orientado para a identificação de comportamentos de risco de cada inquirido. A associação desses dois instrumentos permitiu a identificação de fatores de risco no sistema viário, assim como comportamentais de risco habituais e as preferências dos inquiridos sobre tipos e mensagens de campanhas, bem como meios de mídia. A análise estatística dos dados coletados permitiu identificar os seguintes fatores de risco relacionados à via: (1) más condições da infraestrutura da via, (2) más condições de sinalização, (3) más condições dos veículos que trafegam pelas vias, e (4) interação principalmente com pedestres. Foram ainda identificadas as suas opiniões relativamente a comportamentos-problema dos demais usuários do sistema viário, destacando-se os seguintes fatores: (1) sono, (2) bebidas, (3) drogas e (4) mensagens de texto. Quanto à importância das campanhas, os inquiridos consideram que elas devem: (1) ser dirigidas aos fatores de risco identificados, (2) estar associadas a outras ações como fiscalização e (3) seus resultados devem ser divulgados pelos órgãos de governo. Finalmente, acerca das mensagens das campanhas e tipos de mídia utilizados, os inquiridos consideraram que as mensagens devem: (1) utilizar laços afetivos, (2) ser mais impactantes, (3) conter cenas reais, (4) ter finalidade educativa; e as mídias mais adequadas seriam: (1) televisão, (2) internet (com ênfase às redes sociais) e (3) painéis de mensagens variáveis. Quanto ao questionário DBQ, foram identificados sete fatores comportamentais dos próprios inquiridos com maior peso e relação com atos inseguros: (1) Baixo nível de aptidão, (2) Infração, (3) Distração/Inatenção, (4) Condução agressiva, (5) Baixa consciência da situação, (6) Estresse e (7) Adaptação Comportamental. Esses fatores representam os tópicos prioritários que devem ser trabalhados em futuras campanhas. / This research established the methodological principles based on the identification of risk factors necessary for elaboration road safety campaigns, following the guidelines recommended by the CAST (Campaigns and Awareness-raising Strategies in Traffic Safety) project, which defines the identification of main problem behaviors generating accidents as an essential element in the definition of each campaign goal. Since there is no consistent and reliable statistical data proveding this information, it was necessary to identify the behavioral factors that originate unsafe acts and that should be priority in road safety campaigns. In order to achieve this result, it was necessary to establish a methodology involving the use of different data collection tools with the intention of identifying the problem behaviors, as well as other factors related to the infrastructure and environment capable to induce these behaviors. This methodology involved Focus Groups application that directed the elaboration of a questionnaire aiming at a identifing road system risk factors, risky behaviors and opinions regarding the types of campaigns messages. This questionnaire was further applied to a drivers\' sample, together with the DBQ Driver Behavior Questionnaire, which was directed to the identification of risky behaviors of each respondent. The association between these two instruments enabled the identification of road system risk factors, as well as common risky behaviors and the respondents\' preferences about the types of campaign messages and media means. The statistical analysis of the collected data enabled the identification of the following risk factors related to the road system: (1) poor road infrastructure conditions, (2) poor signing conditions, (3) poor vehicle conditions, and (4) interaction mainly with pedestrians. Opinions about problem-behaviors were also identified, stressing the following factors: (1) drowsiness, (2) drink and drive, (3) drugs and medication effects (4) texting driving. Concerning the campaigns importance, the respondents considered that they should: (1) be directed to identified risk factors, (2) be associated to other actions such as enforcement and (3) have its results published by the government entities. Finally, regarding the campaign messages and the used media types, the respondents considered that the messages should: (1) use affective anchors, (2) be more impactful, (3) contain real scenes, (4) have educative purpose; and the most adequate media would be: (1) television, (2) internet (with emphasis to the social networks) and (3) variable message panels. With respect to the DBQ questionnaire, seven behavioral factors based on the respondents own experience were identified as more important and related to unsafe attitudes: (1) poor fitness to drive, (2) violations, (3) distraction/inattention, (4) aggressive driving, (5) poor situation awareness, (6) stress and (7) behavioural adaptation. These factors represented the priority topics that should be handled in future campaigns.

A privacidade é um direito individual que contempla situações relacionadas à proteção da intimidade dos sujeitos, respeito à dignidade, limitação de acesso ao corpo, aos objetos íntimos, aos relacionamentos familiares e sociais e a enfermagem tem como desafio a reflexão ética sobre a responsabilidade e compromisso de suas ações, nesse âmbito. O objetivo geral da pesquisa consistiu em analisar situações relativas à privacidade do paciente no cotidiano da enfermagem hospitalar e as ações dos enfermeiros nesse contexto, tendo-se como objetivos específicos: identificar a percepção de pacientes de uma unidade de internação sobre aspectos relacionados à sua privacidade no hospital; descrever condições do ambiente hospitalar relacionadas à privacidade dos pacientes internados; destacar ações da equipe de enfermagem que repercutem na privacidade dos pacientes; discutir e propor encaminhamentos acerca da prática gerencial do enfermeiro sobre as questões apontadas. O estudo caracteriza-se como qualitativo, do tipo exploratório-descritivo. A pesquisa ocorreu em um hospital de ensino do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, mediante três técnicas de coleta de dados, no período entre outubro de 2008 e janeiro de 2009. Em um primeiro momento, coletaram-se informações por meio de entrevistas com doze pacientes internados em uma unidade de clínica médica e mediante observação simples da ambiência desse local. Posteriormente, foram realizados cinco encontros de grupo focal com dez enfermeiros gerentes de equipe. Os dados foram submetidos à análise temática, resultando nas categorias: exposição do corpo – de si e dos outros; postura inadequada da equipe de enfermagem; e acesso indevido ao prontuário do paciente. Os dados obtidos mediante entrevistas e observação do ambiente apontaram para situações do cotidiano que sugerem a ocorrência da violação do espaço pessoal e do corpo do paciente, por vezes sem justificativa aparente. A experiência de exposição do corpo de si e a postura inadequada de profissionais da equipe de enfermagem, na visão dos pacientes, constituem-se em condições geradoras de ansiedade, constrangimento e estresse, condição que repercute em sua saúde e bem estar. As falas deixaram transparecer a pouca expectativa de alguns pacientes sobre a privacidade no cuidado recebido na instituição. Os pacientes relacionaram privacidade à competência técnica e ao conhecimento dos profissionais sobre os procedimentos que realizam, associando idéias como prestatividade e gentileza no tratamento. Nos debates do grupo focal, os enfermeiros aludiram à inadequação do ambiente físico, à deficiência de recursos humanos e materiais e à falta de tempo como fatores que dificultam o planejamento e implementação de estratégias para a preservação da privacidade do paciente, no ambiente hospitalar. As atividades cotidianas dos enfermeiros gerentes de equipe centramse prioritariamente na competência técnico-burocrática, com ênfase na coordenação, supervisão e controle, assim como na previsão e provisão de recursos para as ações de cuidado. Os dados ilustram situações em que se percebe o agir profissional com ênfase na racionalidade técnica, pois a equipe se circunscreve no cumprimento de normas e rotinas, em detrimento de quesitos igualmente importantes que perpassam as relações com o paciente. Assim, outras dimensões que remetem à ética do cuidado tais como a subjetividade, a sensibilidade, a comunicação e o desenvolvimento da cidadania não vêm sendo priorizadas. Os enfermeiros assinalaram a necessidade de incluir abordagens sobre privacidade nos programas de educação continuada como uma possibilidade de mudança de postura em relação a essa temática. A ética do cuidado implica em exercício de reflexão e de autocrítica sobre o fazer cotidiano, adotando-se uma postura de estranhamento, inconformidade e de ruptura com as práticas que possam resultar em transgressão aos princípios éticos, de desrespeito aos direitos do paciente. No grupo focal com os enfermeiros gerentes de equipe foi elaborado um documento contendo estratégias viáveis para serem implementadas na instituição, no sentido de resguardar a privacidade do paciente naquele cenário. Assim, defendeu-se que haja maior proteção do prontuário do paciente, assegurando acesso exclusivo de profissionais diretamente envolvidos no cuidado e outras medidas que, embora elementares, podem representar um diferencial no resguardo da privacidade como o uso de biombos e manter fechada a porta do quarto durante a higiene pessoal, punções, curativos e outros procedimentos à beira do leito. Também foi ponderado acerca da necessidade de restringir acessos diversos ao paciente, preservando-o do contato indevido e/ou indesejado com pessoas alheias ao cuidado. Houve ênfase à capacitação e sensibilização das equipes de atendimento, incorporando temáticas desta natureza nos programas de educação permanente desenvolvidos na instituição. / Privacy is an individual right that takes into account situations involving protection of the subjects’ intimacy, in a dignified manner, limiting access to the body, to intimate objects, to family and social relations. Nurses are challenged to think ethically about the responsibility and commitment of their actions in this sphere. The study in general aimed at analyzing situations involving the patient’s privacy in the daily work of hospital nursing and nurses’ actions in this context. The specific objectives were: to identify the patients’ perception in a hospital ward, regarding aspects related to their privacy in hospital; to describe the conditions of the hospital environment involving the privacy of the hospitalized patients; to highlight the actions of the nursing staff which have repercussions on the patient’s privacy; to discuss and propose things to be done about the managerial practice of nurses regarding the issues mentioned. The study is characterized as qualitative, and exploratory-descriptive. It was performed at a teaching hospital in the State of Rio Grande do Sul using three data collection techniques, between October 2008 and January 2009. Initially, information was collected by interviews with twelve inpatients in a clinical medicine ward and by simple observation of the atmosphere in the ward. Later, five focus group meetings were held with ten nursing staff managers. The data were analyzed thematically, and the result was the following categories: exposure of the body – one’s own and that of others; inappropriate attitude of the nursing staff; and looking at the patient’s records without an appropriate reason. The data obtained in these interviews and observing the environment point to situations of daily life that suggest that the personal space and body of the patient have been violated, sometimes without any apparent justification. The experience of exposing one’s body and the inappropriate attitude of nursing staff professionals, from the patients’ perspective, are conditions that generate anxiety, embarrassment and stress, a condition that has repercussions on their health and wellbeing. The things they say show the lack of expectation among the patients regarding privacy in the care received at the institution. The patients related privacy to technical competence and to the professionals’ knowledge about the procedures they perform, associating ideas such as helpfulness and kindness in the treatment. In the focus group discussions, nurses referred to the inadequate physical environment, lack of human resources and materials, and lack of time as factors that make it difficult to plan and implement strategies to preserve the patients’ privacy in the hospital environment. The priority of daily activities of the nursing staff managers focuses mainly on the technical-bureaucratic competence, emphasizing coordination, supervision and control, as well as on forecasting and providing resources for care actions. The data illustrate situations in which acting professionally is perceived as emphasizing technical rationality, since the staff limits itself to complying with rules and routines, to the detriment of equally important aspects that permeate relations with the patient. Thus, no priority has been given to other dimensions which concern the ethics of care, such as subjectivity, sensitivity, communication and the development of citizenship. Nurses point to the need for including approaches to privacy in the continued education programs as a possibility of changing attitudes about this topic. The ethics of care implies exercising reflection and self-criticism concerning daily work, adopting an attitude of taking a fresh look non-conformity and breaking with practices that may lead to infringing the ethical principles and disrespecting the patient’s rights. In the focus group with the nursing staff managers a document was written containing feasible strategies to be implemented at the institution, to protect the patient’s privacy in that environment. Thus it was advocated that the patient’s records be better protected, ensuring that only the professionals directly involved in their care will be able to look at them, and other measures which, although elementary, may make a difference in protecting privacy, such as using screens and keeping the room door closed while performing personal hygiene, punctures, dressings and other bedside procedures. Thought was also given to the need to restrict to limit access to the patient preserving him from undue and/or undesired contact with people who have nothing to do with his care. Training and sensitization of the care staff was emphasized, as well as the inclusion of such topics in the permanent education programs carried out at the institution. / La privacidad es un derecho individual que contempla situaciones relacionadas a la protección de la intimidad de los sujetos, respeto a la dignidad, limitación de acceso al cuerpo, a los objetos íntimos, a las relaciones familiares y sociales y la enfermería tiene como desafío la reflexión ética sobre la responsabilidad y compromiso de sus acciones, en ese ámbito. El objetivo general de la investigación consistió en analizar situaciones relativas a la privacidad del paciente en el cotidiano de la enfermería hospitalario y las acciones de los enfermeros en ese contexto, se teniendo como objetivos específicos: identificar la percepción de pacientes de una unidad de ingreso sobre aspectos relacionados a su privacidad en el hospital; describir condiciones del ambiente hospitalario relacionadas a la privacidad de los pacientes internados; destacar acciones del equipo de enfermería que repercuten en la privacidad de los pacientes; discutir y proponer encaminamientos acerca de la práctica gerencial del enfermero sobre las cuestiones apuntadas. El estudio se caracteriza como cualitativo, del tipo exploratoriodescriptivo. La investigación ocurrió en un hospital de enseñanza del Estado de Rio Grande do Sul, mediante tres técnicas de colecta de dados, en el periodo entre octubre de 2008 y enero de 2009. En un primer momento, se habían colectado informaciones mediante entrevistas con doce pacientes internados en una unidad de clínica médica y mediante observación simple del ambiente de ese local. Posteriormente, habían sido realizados cinco encuentros de grupo focal con diez enfermeros gerentes de equipo. Los dados habían sido sometidos al análisis temático, resultando en las categorías: exposición del cuerpo – de sí y de los otros; postura inadecuada del equipo de enfermería; y acceso indebido al prontuario del paciente. Los datos obtenidos mediante entrevistas y observación del ambiente apuntaron para situaciones del cotidiano que sugieren la ocurrencia de la violación del espacio personal y del cuerpo del paciente, por veces sin justificante aparente. La experiencia de exposición del cuerpo de sí y la postura inadecuada de profesionales del equipo de enfermería, en la visión de los pacientes, se constituyen en condiciones generadoras de ansiedad, constreñimiento y estrés, condición que repercute en su salud y bien estar. Las hablas dejaron traslucir poca expectativa de algunos pacientes sobre la privacidad en el cuidado recibido en la institución. Los pacientes relacionaron privacidad a la competencia técnica y al conocimiento de los profesionales sobre los procedimientos que realizan, asociando ideas como utilidad y gentileza en el tratamiento. En los debates del grupo focal, los enfermeros aludieron a la inadecuación del ambiente físico, a la deficiencia de recursos humanos y materiales y a la falta de tiempo como factores que dificultan la planificación e implementación de estrategias para la preservación de la privacidad del paciente, en el ambiente hospitalario. Las actividades cotidianas de los enfermeros gerentes de equipo se centran prioritariamente en la competencia técnico-burocrática, con énfasis en la coordinación, supervisión y control, así como en la previsión y provisión de recursos para las acciones de cuidado. Los dados ilustran situaciones en que se percibe el actuar profesional con énfasis en la racionalidad técnica, pues la plantilla se circunscribe en el cumplimiento de normas y rutinas, en detrimento de especialidades igualmente importantes que impregnan las relaciones con el paciente. Así, otras dimensiones que remiten a la ética del cuidado tales como la subjetividad, la sensibilidad, la comunicación y lo desarrollo de la ciudadanía no vienen siendo priorizadas. Los enfermeros habían señalado la necesidad de incluir abordajes sobre privacidad en los programas de educación continuada como una posibilidad de mudanza de postura en relación a esa temática. La ética del cuidado implica en ejercicio de reflexión y de autocrítica sobre el hacer cotidiano, se adoptando una postura de extrañamiento, inconformidad y de ruptura con las prácticas que puedan resultar en transgresión a los principios éticos, de falta de respeto a los derechos del paciente. En el grupo focal con los enfermeros gerentes de equipo fue elaborado un documento contiendo estrategias viables para que sean implementadas en la institución, en el sentido de resguardar la privacidad del paciente en aquel escenario. Así, se defendió que haya mayor protección del prontuario del paciente, asegurando acceso exclusivo de profesionales directamente envueltos en el cuidado y otras medidas que, aunque elementales, pueden representar un diferencial en el resguardo de la privacidad como el uso de biombos y mantener cerrada la puerta de la habitación durante la higiene personal, punzones, curativos y otros procedimientos a la orilla del lecho. También fue ponderado acerca de la necesidad de restringir accesos diversos al paciente, preservándolo del contacto indebido y/o indeseado con personas ajenas al cuidado. Hubo énfasis a la capacitación y sensibilización de los equipos de atención, incorporando temáticas de esta naturaleza en los programas de educación permanente desarrollados en la instituición.

La reconversion des friches urbaines est unepriorité pour préserver les sols. Ce sont souvent des sitespollués ; ce qui engendre de nombreux obstacles pour lesreconvertir. Les bénéfices découlant de la reconversionsont sous-estimés tandis que les coûts sont surestimés parles opérateurs techniques et fonciers. L’impact de lastigmatisation du site amène les riverains à ne pass’approprier les nouveaux usages. Le choix de ces usagespeut être à l'origine de conflits entre les parties prenantes.Cette thèse s'intéresse à la reconversion des frichespolluées en tenant compte à la fois de lamultidimensionnalité des parties prenantes, de leurspréférences, et de leurs perceptions. Nous étudions lesobstacles et les leviers pouvant être mobilisés pourpromouvoir leur reconversion à partir d’une enquête auprès de 76 opérateurs techniques et fonciers dans unepremière partie.Dans la seconde, nous analysonsl’importance des stigmates associés aux friches polluéesauprès des riverains et futurs usagers. Une premièreenquête, menée au niveau national (803 observations)analyse leurs perceptions, représentations et préférencesvis-à-vis de ces sites. Ces dernières sont précisées à l’aided’une expérience à choix discrets (338 observations)administrée sur cinq communes impactées par ce type desite. Dans une troisième partie, nous appliquons unedémarche d’aide multicritère à la décision participativedans le cas d’une friche urbaine polluée. Elle identifie lesprojets les plus consensuels en regroupant l’ensemble desparties prenantes. Ils corresponde / Brownfield redevelopment is a key priority topreserve soils. Brownfields are often contaminated yet.Therefore, it creates numerous obstacles to reuse them.Firstly, brownfields redevelopment’s benefits areunderestimated whereas costs are overestimated bydevelopers. Secondly, brownfields are plagued with thestigma effect. This effect persists even after remediationprocess (e.g., individuals may not use facilities on aformer contaminated brownfield). Thirdly, new uses cancause conflicts between the stakeholders. As such, thisthesis deals with contaminated brownfieldredevelopment taking into account both themultidimensionality of stakeholders, their preferencesand their perceptions. developers. In a first part, we study barriers to brownfieldredevelopment and how to tackle them using a surveyamong 76 French developers.In a second part, weanalyse the importance of the stigma associated withcontaminated brownfields. A first survey (803observations), conducted at national level, investigatesindividuals’ perceptions, representations and preferencesregarding brownfield redevelopment. A second survey(338 observations), conducted among five municipalitiesimpacted by such sites, specifies their preferences usinga discrete choice experiment. In the third part, we applya participatory multicriteria decision aid. It determinesthe most consensual projects in the case of acontaminated site. They correspond to individuals’preferences that were previously analysed.

THROUGH THE FIGURE OF FICTIONAL CHARACTER KATNISS EVERDEEN, THIS DISSERTATION STUDIES HOW THE FILM INDUSTRY SIMULTANEOUSLY ENTRENCHES AND DISRUPTS GENDER, SEXUAL, AND RACIAL NORMATIVITIES. THE PROJECT USES TEXTUAL ANALYSIS AND PARTICIPANT RESEARCH TO ANALYZE HOW THE FILMS AND NOVELS OF THE HUNGER GAMES SAGA ENCAPSULATE BOTH DOMINANT AND ALTERNATIVE CONCEPTIONS RELATED TO FEMININITY, MASCULINITY, WOMANHOOD, AND MOTHERHOOD. IT ALSO EXPLORES IF AND HOW THE FEMALE HEROINE CAN BE READ AS FEMINIST AND PRODUCES A SENSE OF EMPOWERMENT. I CONCLUDE THAT ALTHOUGH THE INDUSTRY IS PRODUCING NEW MODELS OF WOMANHOOD THAT CHALLENGE TRADITIONAL GENDER ROLES, IT STILL PERPETUATES ROMANTIC IDEALS AND IDEALIZES THE HETEROSEXUAL NUCLEAR FAMILY AS THE ULTIMATE PATH TO FULFILLMENT FOR WOMEN. THE RESULTS OF THE PARTICIPANT RESEARCH SHOW THAT WHILE YOUNG WOMEN ARE CRITICAL OF CERTAIN ASPECTS OF THE SAGA, OVERALL THEY VALUE HAVING STRONG FEMALE CHARACTERS IN FICTION TO WHOM THEY CAN RELATE.

Recent research indicates that the Internet (or Net) is currently being used at many post-secondary institutions in support of traditional, classroom-based instruction. From 1994 to 2002, the percentage of post-secondary classes using the Web as a research tool and E-mail as a method of communication has increased almost ten fold. An extensive literature on the evaluation of the Internet as an educational technology has developed in recent years; however, there are some gaps that need to be filled to provide a more complete understanding of the Internet and its use by post-secondary students. First, most of the studies focus primarily on student usage of the Net, and less so on the value (or the advantages and disadvantages) and the utility (or usefulness) associated with that usage. Second, many of these studies make a distinction between the research and communication functions of the Internet. While I argue that this is an appropriate distinction, many examine one function or the other only – and not both simultaneously. The central research problem that this study addresses is helping to fill those two gaps in the evaluation literature by examining in detail student usage, value and utility of the Net as a research and/or communication tool for post-secondary students in support of classroom-based instruction. Drawing upon work from the fields of media studies, learning theory, and theories of communication, I establish a "Net as Tool" framework and adopt a uses and gratifications approach to examine student use of the Net. The three main inter-related concepts of usage, value and utility are used as organizing themes for the study, and I designed and developed a survey instrument to gather original quantitative data from post-secondary students in both Canada and Australia to fully examine those concepts. Two focus group sessions were designed to supplement this quantitative data with qualitative findings (and to generate more in-depth insights into student usage, value and utility of the Net as a research and/or communication tool). The results presented in this study have both theoretical and practical importance. In regards to the theoretical side, I have identified the underlying dimensions of usage, value, and utility, and highlighted what makes the Net valuable and useful as a research and/or communication tool. Additionally, I have identified the factors which are related to usage, value, and utility, and explored the inter-related nature of those three concepts. I concluded my study with an outline of the importance of the skill of digital literacy so that students can cope effectively with the online environment. These findings are significant because they help to fill some specific gaps in the evaluation knowledge of the Net in post-secondary education. In addition, I have developed a practical strategy which suggests how the Net could be used most effectively by students as a research and/or communication tool in support of classroom based instruction. The areas addressed by the strategy include access, infrastructure, technical support, training, integration into the curriculum, and appropriate use of the tool. The overall strategy is important because it contributes to our understanding of the Net as an educational tool, and it outlines ways to address the issue of the digital divide within post-secondary education. It is hoped the strategy will be useful to training staff, post-secondary administrators, instructors, and students.