Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-04-05T12:12:07Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Maxlanio Dias Sousa - 2018.pdf: 10325163 bytes, checksum: e4576ff77a3a139df0f47304e9b0d38e (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-04-05T12:35:59Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Maxlanio Dias Sousa - 2018.pdf: 10325163 bytes, checksum: e4576ff77a3a139df0f47304e9b0d38e (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-05T12:35:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Maxlanio Dias Sousa - 2018.pdf: 10325163 bytes, checksum: e4576ff77a3a139df0f47304e9b0d38e (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-23 / The socio-spatial dynamics implemented by territorial modernization and its consequent influences cannot stop the remarkable presence of the peasantry and its cultural manifestations in Formosa / GO. The municipality has its origins in the cattle ranchers and dealers in salt and charque, in the  XVIIIth century, who settled in the region. They founded Arraial dos Couros and inaugurated agricultural norms that persist today as activity developed in the field. Locally, livestock are raised from different breeds and purposes from the peasant way of production to grand capitalist property. In these same territories, which make up a diverse agrarian space, there are traditional folias de roça: festivals that have been celebrated in the region since the days of its first occupants. The research aims to analyze how these festivals—that integrate the way of life and daily life of the peasantry—contribute to the culture as a form of peasant resistance. Bibliographic survey and data collection were methodologies that accompanied the development of this study. The participative research with unstructured interviews was adopted when we participated in the giro of two folias de roça that represent the sacred Divine Holy Spirit of Catholics in the municipality: Folia da Roça de Formosa and Folia do Quilombo. In the field, there were integrations with the feasts and their participants, accompanying the rhythms and the religiosity, trying to understand the importance of the culture and the territory for the local peasantry. In this research we show that the culture, based on the cultural manifestations of the folia de roça, is allied to socio-cultural and socioeconomic factors, strengthening the peasant territorial identity in Formosa / GO, and contributing to the affirmation and resistance of the peasants in their territories against territorial modernization. In society and in the capitalist system, peasants use many means to conquer, secure, and remain on the land. / A dinâmica socioespacial implementada pela modernização territorial com as consequentes influências não conseguem cessar a notável presença do campesinato e de suas manifestações culturais em Formosa/GO. O município tem nas suas origens o fato de tropeiros de gado do comércio de sal e charque, ainda no século XVIII, fazerem pouso com suas tropas na região, fundando o então Arraial dos Couros e inaugurando os rumos da agropecuária que persiste como importante atividade econômica desenvolvida no campo. Localmente, o gado é criado a partir de diferentes formas e finalidades de produção desde a propriedade camponesa da terra até a grande propriedade capitalista. Nestes mesmos territórios, que compõem um espaço agrário diverso, também acontecem as tradicionais Folias de Roça, festas que alcançaram a região desde a véspera de seus primeiros ocupantes. A pesquisa tem por objetivo analisar a importância do fator sociocultural e da compreensão da vida cotidiana como formas de resistência camponesa diante dos processos de modernização do território no estado de Goiás, buscando, para tanto, defender a ideia da cultura como uma forma de resistência camponesa. Levantamento bibliográfico e coleta de dados foram metodologias que acompanharam o desenvolvimento deste estudo. A pesquisa participativa com entrevistas não estruturadas foi adotada ao participarmos do giro de duas Folias de Roça acontecem no município e têm como representação do sagrado o Divino Espírito Santo do movimento católico, a saber, a Folia da Roça de Formosa e a Folia do Quilombo. Em campo, houve integrações com as festas e seus sujeitos, acompanhando os ritmos e a religiosidade, buscando compreender a importância da cultura e do território para o campesinato local, a partir dos pousos de folia visitados. Nesta pesquisa evidenciamos que a cultura, a partir das manifestações culturais do tipo Folia de Roça, se alia aos fatores socioculturais e socioeconômicos, fortalecendo a identidade territorial camponesa em Formosa/GO e contribuindo para a afirmação e resistência dos camponeses nos seus territórios diante da modernização territorial. Inserido na sociedade e no sistema capitalista, os camponeses valem-se de diversos meios para conquistar, garantir e permanecer na terra.

Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2015-12-10T10:23:28Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - João Nunes Avelar Filho - 2015.pdf: 2840749 bytes, checksum: ca743d3f46227d87b342694babace065 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2015-12-10T10:25:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - João Nunes Avelar Filho - 2015.pdf: 2840749 bytes, checksum: ca743d3f46227d87b342694babace065 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-10T10:25:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - João Nunes Avelar Filho - 2015.pdf: 2840749 bytes, checksum: ca743d3f46227d87b342694babace065 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-19 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / The purpose of this thesis was to investigate the language present in the popular manifestation of “Folia da Roça” performed in the region of Formosa – GO. The methodology adopted was characterized by the qualitative approach of ethnographic base through the interaction with revelers and praying women during the annual feasting events of 2013, and 2014, in the rural area of the reported township, shifting focus to the rites that take place through prayers and life stories. The premise of the defence of this thesis is that the language of “Folia da Roça” preserves elements of the ibero-christian tradition, adapted to the local reality before the new conditions that take place amidst processes of urbanization and globalization. These influences were investigated by using the theoretic understructure of Ecolinguistics, a discipline that takes into consideration the study of language from the entanglement between the knowledge of Linguistics and Ecology, searching to describe interaction processes in which these categories manifest. Other guiding aspects of this research were: verify if the natural and social environments have any influence in the language of prayers; observe how ecclesiastic Latin is seized by those who speak rural Portuguese; investigate if values conveyed in the discourses of these protagonists are consistent with local wisdom or if they reflect patterns imported from the Iberian Peninsula during colonization; besides discussing and analyzing the memory of elders and their closer relatives in the prayers. By describing and analyzing the language of the feast, evidence is given of the adaptation and the resignification of official Catholic religious practice to the natural and social environments in which these protagonists are inserted. The religious ethic present there emerged as a result of the necessity of surviving in a historically hostile region, perpetuated by the interactions of its characters, transforming into an important and considerable manifestation of popular religiosity. / Esta tese se propôs a descrever e analisar a linguagem da manifestação popular da Folia da Roça, realizada na região de Formosa-GO. A metodologia adotada pautou-se pela abordagem qualitativa de base etnográfica por meio da interação com os foliões e com as rezadeiras da folia nos giros de 2013 e 2014, na zona rural do referido município, com o foco voltado para os rituais que se desdobram nas rezas e histórias de vida. A tese defendida é a de que a linguagem da Folia da Roça conserva elementos antigos da tradição ibero-cristã, adaptados à realidade local frente às novas condições, que ocorrem pelos processos de urbanização e globalização. Essas influências foram investigadas usando o arcabouço teórico da Ecolinguística, disciplina que propõe o estudo da língua a partir do entrelaçamento entre os saberes da Linguística e da Ecologia, buscando descrever os processos interacionais nos quais essas categorias se manifestam. Foram também aspectos norteadores desta pesquisa: verificar se os meios ambientes natural e social local têm alguma influência na linguagem das rezas; observar de que forma o latim eclesiástico é apropriado por pessoas que falam o português rural; investigar se os valores expressos no discurso desses protagonistas são consistentes com a sabedoria local ou se refletem padrões importados da Península Ibérica durante a colonização, além de discutir e analisar a memória dos anciãos e das anciãs e de seus parentes mais próximos nas rezas. Ao descrever e analisar a linguagem da folia, evidenciam-se a adaptação e a ressignificação do Catolicismo oficial aos ambientes natural e social nos quais esses protagonistas estão inseridos. A ética religiosa ali presente eclodiu em uma conduta, resultado da necessidade de sobrevivência em uma região historicamente hostil, que se perpetuou nas interações de seus atores, transformando-se em importante e considerável manifestação da religiosidade popular.

Submitted by Andrea Pereira (andrea.pereira@unipampa.edu.br) on 2018-02-26T14:53:50Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dis Aline Arim 2014.pdf: 2600425 bytes, checksum: 554e838456b896fb0b172d0daeae744b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Vera Leite (vera.leite@unipampa.edu.br) on 2018-03-01T14:40:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dis Aline Arim 2014.pdf: 2600425 bytes, checksum: 554e838456b896fb0b172d0daeae744b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-01T14:40:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dis Aline Arim 2014.pdf: 2600425 bytes, checksum: 554e838456b896fb0b172d0daeae744b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-05-09 / O efluente líquido industrial, quando liberado em corpos hídricos receptores sem receber tratamento, causa sérios problemas ambientais em função da sua carga de contaminantes. Um típico contaminante da indústria têxtil são os corantes do tipo azo, que são compostos orgânicos sintéticos largamente utilizados. Ao se decompor, sob certas condições, esta classe de corante desenvolve potencial cancerígeno, tornando-se tóxico aos seres humanos e ecossistemas. O processo de adsorção é um dos métodos de tratamento de efluentes mais empregados para este tipo de efluente industrial. Este procedimento visa à remoção de contaminantes de efluentes líquidos através de um material adsorvente. São fatores predominantes para o sucesso da adsorção, a escolha adequada do adsorvente, sua viabilidade econômica e baixa toxidez. Para que biomassas vegetais possam ser utilizadas como meio adsorvente, geralmente, é necessária a aplicação de operações unitárias para o preparo desse material. Dentre as técnicas mais utilizadas para este fim, destacam-se a moagem e a secagem. De acordo com o que foi exposto, o objetivo principal deste trabalho foi analisar a influência do processo de secagem e moagem sobre a eficiência de adsorção do corante Vermelho do Congo por sementes de mamão Formosa (Carica papaya L.). Na primeira etapa do trabalho, efetuou-se um estudo investigativo da aplicação das sementes de mamão Formosa para a adsorção do corante Vermelho do Congo, onde obteve-se uma eficiência de remoção variando de 6,5 a 43%. Na segunda etapa, realizou-se a caracterização física (distribuição do tamanho médio de partículas, densidade real, densidade bulk e porosidade do leito), físico-química (isotermas de dessorção) e inspeção morfológica das sementes (microscopia). Nesta etapa de caracterização as sementes foram analisadas nas conformações físicas inteiras e frescas, inteira e seca e moída e seca. Na terceira etapa realizou-se o estudo da cinética de secagem das sementes em secador de leito fixo com fluxo de ar paralelo, onde foram avaliadas as variáveis de temperatura de secagem (40 e 60 °C), velocidade do ar (1 e 2 m/s), altura da bandeja (5 e 10 mm) e conformação física das sementes (inteira e moída). Na quarta etapa, determinaram-se as condições favoráveis para o processo de adsorção do corante Vermelho do Congo, sendo que tais condições ocorreram em concentração do efluente de 50 mg/L, relação massa de biomassa por volume de efluente de 0,01 g/mL e tempo de contato da biomassa com o efluente de 30 min. Na quinta etapa, realizou-se o estudo da influência do processo de secagem e moagem sobre a eficiência de adsorção do corante Vermelho do Congo por sementes de mamão Formosa (Carica papaya L.). Neste estudo as biomassas que apresentaram as maiores eficiências de adsorção, com valores de aproximadamente 58 %, foram as sementes secas na conformação física moída e nas condições de T = 60 °C e v = 1 m/s. Por fim, determinou-se a capacidade máxima de adsorção do corante Vermelho do Congo, obtendo-se um valor de aproximadamente 15mg de corante Vermelho do Congo adsorvido para cada grama de semente utilizada. / The liquid industrial effluent, when released into receiving water bodies without treatment, causes serious environmental problems due to its load of contaminants. A typical contaminant in the textile industry are the azo dyes, which are synthetic organic compounds widely used. To decompose under certain conditions, this class of dye develops carcinogenic potential, becoming toxic to humans and ecosystems. The adsorption process is one of the methods most commonly used wastewater treatment for such industrial waste. This procedure aims at removing contaminants from wastewater through an adsorbent material. Are predominant factors for the success of adsorption, the proper choice of sorbent, its economic viability and low toxicity. For vegetable biomasses can be used as adsorbent means applying unit operations for the preparation of this material is usually required. Among the techniques used for this purpose, we highlight the grinding and drying. According to the foregoing, the main objective of this study was to analyze the influence of drying and grinding on the adsorption efficiency of the dye Congo Red by Formosa papaya seeds (Carica papaya L.). In the first stage of work, we performed an investigative study of the application of the seeds of papaya fruit for the adsorption of Congo Red dye, which obtained a removal efficiency ranging from 6.5 to 43%. In the second stage, there was the physical characterization (distribution of average particle size, true density, bulk density and porosity of the bed), physico-chemical (sorption isotherms) and morphological inspection of seeds (microscopy). This characterization step seeds were analyzed in whole and fresh, whole and dry milled and physical conformations and dry. In the third step was conducted to study the kinetics of drying seeds in a fixed-bed dryer with air flow parallel, where the variables drying temperature (40 to 60 ° C), air speed were evaluated (1 and 2 m / s), height of the tray (5 and 10 mm) and physical conformation seeds (whole and ground). In the fourth step, the favorable for the adsorption of Congo Red dye were determined conditions, and such conditions occurred in the effluent concentration of 50 mg / L biomass mass ratio by volume of effluent 0.01 g / ml and contact time with the effluent of the biomass of 30 min. In the fifth step, we carried out the study of the influence of drying and grinding on the adsorption efficiency of Congo Red dye from seeds of papaya fruit (Carica papaya L.). In this study the biomass presented the highest adsorption efficiencies, with values of about 58%, dry seeds were ground in physical conformation and conditions of T = 60 ° C and v = 1 m / s. Finally, we determined the maximum adsorption capacity of Congo Red dye, obtaining a value of approximately 15 mg of Congo Red dye adsorbed for each gram of seed used.

Green macroalgae represent an attractive source of renewable carbon. Conversion of algal biomass to useful products requires depolymerization of the cell wall polysaccharides cellulose and ulvan. Cellulose saccharification has been widely studied and involves synergistic action of endoglucanases, exoglucanases, and β-glucosidases. The enzymatic depolymerization of ulvan has not received the same attention and additional studies are required in order to fully understand the mechanisms involved in its biodegradation. Synthetic biology offers the possibility of importing modules such as biomass-degrading systems and biofuel producing pathways from different organisms into a genetically tractable host such as Escherichia coli. In this study it was shown that E. coli expressing the glycosidase CHU2268 of Cytophaga hutchinsonii grows well on cello-oligosaccharides such as cellohexaose, and co-expression with the endoglucanase CenA of Cellulomonas fimi allows growth on untreated crystalline cellulose. Moreover, a model for ulvan utilization was built for the first time based on a polysaccharide utilization locus from the alga-associated flavobacterium Formosa agariphila. It was also shown that F. agariphila, is able to grow using biomass from the green macroalga Ulva lactuca as its sole carbon source, and enzymes with ulvanase activity are induced by the presence of this alga in the culture medium. Enzymes for ulvan depolymerization from F. agariphila, including an ulvan lyase, xylanases and rhamnosidases, were cloned using the PaperClip DNA assembly method and expressed in active form in E. coli. Furthermore, a secretion system based on the use of the Antigen 43 was successfully used to secrete an active ulvan lyase using E. coli and ribosome binding sites of different strengths were studied and used to optimize the system. These results represent a first step for the design of a microorganism capable of utilizing green macroalgal biomass for the production of biofuels and other valuable bio-products.

A Bacia dos Parecis é uma bacia intracratônica, com uma área de 500.000 km2 na região Centro-Oeste do Brasil. Ocupa a porção sul-sudeste do Cráton Amazônico, tendo este como maior parte de seu embasamento. Acumula mais de 6.000 m de sedimentos, relacionados ao Paleozoico, Mesozoico e Cenozoico. O registro mesozoico inclui unidades sedimentares e vulcânicas. O registro cretácico da Bacia dos Parecis consiste em duas sequências sedimentares com assinaturas deposicionais distintas. Essas sequências são fisicamente descontínuas e relacionadas a diferentes depocentros, nas porções leste e oeste do Arco da Serra Formosa, ou seja, sub-bacias Juruena e Alto Xingu. Isto gera controvérsias em termos de correlação regional, posicionamento estratigráfico e correta subdivisão das sequências. Com base em afloramentos e testemunhos de sondagem foi possível a reconstituição do registro a partir das associações de fácies. Estas associações juntamente com o reconhecimento regional de superfícies e relações estratigráficas permitiu a identificação de uma assinatura deposicional diferencial para cada sequência. Na sub-bacia Juruena foram depositadas sequências predominantemente clásticas, fluviais e eólicas. Na sub-bacia do Alto Xingu, na base foram identificadas fácies de natureza química e clástica e no topo, sedimentação clástica. A reconstituição da evolução da bacia no Mesozoico e a contextualização das unidades cretácicas foram efetuadas levando-se em conta os registros do tectonismo, do magmatismo e da sedimentação na região. A evolução da bacia no Mesozoico teve início no Triássico Superior e Jurássico Inferior com vulcanismo e sedimentação, sucedido de soerguimento e erosão até o Cretáceo Inferior, quando ocorreram magmatismos básico e alcalino. A partir do Cretáceo Superior, com início da fase compressiva da Orogenia Andina e abertura do Oceano Atlântico, desenvolveu-se tectonismo e a sedimentação na sub-bacia Juruena no Cenomaniano. Porém, na sub-bacia Alto Xingu esta ocorre a partir do Coniaciano. A análise do registro fossilífero e as relações com unidades adjacentes indicam uma idade entre Cenomaniano-Turoniano para a sequência da sub-bacia Juruena e Coniaciano-Santoniano para a sequência da sub-bacia Alto Xingu. Assim, foi proposta uma nova unidade litoestratigráfica para esta última, denominada de Formação Rio Tapirapé. A atuação da tectônica na geração de subsidência diferenciada para cada sub-bacia ocasionou a geração de diferentes assinaturas deposicionais. Na sub-bacia Juruena a taxa de sedimentação superior à taxa de subsidência é perceptível, gerando sequências clásticas de alta energia. Na sub-bacia Alto Xingu, a taxa de subsidência é superior à taxa de sedimentação, com um sistema lacustre transgressivo nas fases iniciais. Ao final em ambas as sub-bacias prevalecem sistemas sedimentares fluviais e deltaicos enquanto a taxa de subsidência é reduzida. A reconstituição paleoambiental da sequência cretácica da sub-bacia Alto Xingu identificou uma sedimentação clasto-química de fundo e borda de lago na base. Na porção superior ocorre uma progradação com ambientes de prodelta, frente deltaica e uma planície deltaica com planície fluvial e deposição eólica. O posicionamento cronoestratigráfico Coniaciano-Santoniano baseou-se em fósseis de vertebrados e ostracodes que tem crono-correlatos regionais na Formação Adamantina (Grupo Bauru) e Formação Capacete (Bacia Sanfranciscana) e ainda na Formação Bajo de Carpa (Grupo Neuquén, na Argentina). / The Parecis Basin is an intracratonic basin, covering a huge area of 500.000 km2 in center-west portion of Brazil. The Amazonian Craton constitutes the most part of its basement. In this basin, there are an accumulation of more than 6,000 m of sediments, related to Paleozoic, Mesozoic and Cenozoic ages. The Mesozoic record includes sedimentary and volcanic units. The cretaceous record of the Parecis Basin is represented by two sedimentary sequences characterized by distinct depositional signatures. These sequences are physically discontinuous, and related to different depocenters located in the east and west of Serra Formosa Arch, namely Juruena and Alto Xingu sub-basins. So, this distribution is controversy in terms of regional correlation, stratigraphic positioning and correct subdivision of the sequences. Based on outcrops and cores information it was possible the reconstruction of the record from the facies association, which together with regional surface recognition and stratigraphic relations allowed the identification of a differential depositional signature for each sequence. In the Juruena sub-basin, predominantly clastic fluvial and aeolian sequences were deposited. In the Alto Xingu sub-basin the base is marked by facies of lacustrine chemical and clastic nature but top, clastic sedimentation of a fluvio-deltaic system is recognized. The reconstruction of the mesozoic evolution of the basin and contextualization of the Cretaceous units were carried out taking into account records of tectonism, magmatism and sedimentation in the region. The basin evolution in Mesozoic age start in Upper Triassic to Lower Jurassic period where occurred volcanism and sedimentation, followed by uplift and erosion until the Lower Cretaceous, when as occurred basic and alkaline magmatism. From the Upper Cretaceous, with the beginning of the compressive phase of Andean Orogeny and opening of the Atlantic Ocean, tectonism and sedimentation were developed in Juruena Sub-basin in the Cenomanian and Alto Xingu Sub-basin from Coniacian. The relation of the fossiliferous record with adjacent units allows to assign one related age between Cenomanian-Turonian to Juruena sub-basin sequence. But the Coniacian-Santonian to Alto Xingu sub-basin is being proposed an new lithostratigraphic. unit named Rio Tapirapé Formation results from this recognition. The tectonism is the main event in the generation of differentiated subsidence to each sub-basin and the differential depositional signatures. In the Juruena sub-basin the sedimentation rate over the subsidence rate is perceptible, and a clastic high energy sequence is deposited. In the Alto Xingu sub-basin, the subsidence rate is higher than the sedimentation rate, with a transgressive lacustrine system with chemical sedimentation in the initial phases. At the end of the process, in both sub-basins, fluvial and deltaic sedimentary systems prevail while the subsidence rate decreases. The paleoambiental reconstruction of Alto Xingu sub-basin cretaceous sequence indicates a chemical and clastic sedimentation of bottom and shoreline lake, in a context of high initial subsidence and low sedimentation rate. As the subsidence process decreased, a deltaic progradation became dominant with deposition in a prodelta environment, deltaic front and deltaic plain interbedded with fluvial plain, and aeolian deposition. The Coniacian–Santonian chronostratigraphic positioning was based on vertebrate fossils and ostracods with regional chrono-correlates in the Adamantina Formation (Bauru Group), the Capacete Formation (Sanfranciscana Basin), and also in the Bajo de la Carpa Formation (Neuquén Group, in Argentina).

[Abstract]: This is research on cultural identity and the history of design. The project, by applying aspects of postcolonial theories (third space, border theory and hybridity) to the history of the four women designers in the Art Deco period in Europe, explores the influences of Eastern cultures in developing their Western designperspective.Their experience in fighting against patriarchal society toward success is a useful analogy for my country Taiwan’s struggle to win recognition in the world. It isthrough the recognition of these four women designers’ contributions to design history that I present their stories as models to my design students in Taiwan toassist them in establishing their own design identity.The research findings indicate that these women designers’ benefited from Eastern culture and created a successful cultural mélange between the East and West. Similarly, my design students in Taiwan will have the opportunity toreverse the pathway in appropriating from the West to create new possibilities in the East. I argue that hybridity is a key component for responding to and foraddressing the identity crisis and internal disruption in present-day Taiwan. Through knowing and understanding these women designers’ achievements, Taiwanese students have a model for self-reflection to recognise the importance of our own cultural value to the world.

Ilha Formosa, meaning the ‘evergreen resplendent isle’, today known as Taiwan was named by passing European navigators in the sixteenth century. Although it had never been officially a part of the British Empire, the island – like a large portion of the world, was influenced by Great Britain, its activities, and policies. The aim of this thesis is to explore the development of the British concept, or image, of Formosa through the second half of the nineteenth century. During this period, British influence in Formosa picked-up significantly due to British commercial interests. Under British influence in the second half of the nineteenth century, Formosa started to produce and export famous Taiwanese tea on a much larger scale. The popularity of Oolong tea brought Formosa into the sphere of British public interest and the British community in Taiwan grew as a result. As time went on, more missionaries and their wives, officers, and merchants visited and lived in Taiwan. Their interactions with the Chinese and indigenous populations were carried back to Britain through visitors´ journals, letters, photographs, and stories, all of which effected the British public perception of Formosa. The popularization of Taiwanese tea together with other commercial and political interests played an important role in the British public reflection of Formosa, which evolved from the opening of the Taiwan seaports to foreign trade at the end of the 1850s and the beginning of the 1860s until the end of the nineteenth century, when the Japanese began its colonization of Taiwan.

In the digital industry, FTV mainly develops three kinds of business: digital TV, network and cell phone. In the aspect of digital TV, there are ¡§Follow Me TV¡¨ and ¡§Fly Vision¡¨; in the aspect of network, there are ¡§Online TV¡¨ and ¡§FTV-beauty.com¡¨ e-commerce website; and in the aspect of cell phone, there are ¡§Cell-phone TV¡¨ and ¡§FTV Master¡¨ monitoring system. This research adopts ¡§semi-structured interview¡¨ and transaction cost theory to study the motive, type and management actions of FTV strategic alliance and evaluate the performance of the strategic alliance. It is found in this research that, after FTV enters the digital industry, the network TV and transmission stations with simpler alliance motives and type have lower performance in management and see less profit. ¡§Fly Vision¡¨ and ¡§Cell-phone TV¡¨ have complicated motives, including market expansion, cost sharing, risk reducing, technology supplementing and competitive advantage increasing; they have achieved relatively stable growth due to the longer time of alliance. ¡§Follow Me TV¡¨ has the five motives of alliance; however, it fails to reach remarkable performance because the viewership rate of digital TV is not clear. ¡§FTV-beauty.com¡¨ and ¡§FTV Master¡¨ also have the five motives of alliance, but the time of market exploitation is relatively shorter, so it has just seen a relatively high growth and its performance will be steady after that.

In the beginning of 1990, there is a trend of thought, ¡§public-private partnership¡¨. Public departments hope to cooperate with private departments with a view to establishing another partnership. There is an internationally-distinguished public art, Dome of Light, at the intersection, MRT Formosa Boulevard Station, of two lines. The MRT Formosa Boulevard Station created a new space and a new landmark in Kaohsiung. The cooperative system of universities and industries collaboratively constructed a learning-typed space, the Corridor of MRT Formosa Boulevard Station. With the horizontally two-way communication participation forming a consensus, the cooperative system of universities and industries is mutually in charge of responsibilities and shares in advantages so as to create values of sustainability for the society. Providing artistic performances, the Corridor of MRT Formosa Boulevard Station has altered the public¡¦s impressions on making use of the space of MRT Formosa Boulevard Station. The research explores the public¡¦s attitude about learning space and was done by attitudinal theory made by Sears, Peplan and Taylor(1991). The statistic analysis of the research is done by descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA and the related materials. There are four purposes of the research. The first purpose is to know if the public knows the implementation of the construction of the learning-typed space collaboratively created by the partnership of public and private departments. The second is to know the public¡¦s impressions on making use of the learning space, including the relevant curricula, symposia, activities and showcase artistic works. Furthermore, the purpose three is to know the public¡¦s contentment after the participation. Finally, the fourth explores obvious relation between interviewee¡¦s knowing and background information. After the self-made questionnaires were revised by the professionals and analyzed by efficiency and credibility, they became formal. There are 296 effective questionnaires, and the questionnaire retrieval is at 98.66%. The research includes two assumptions: (1)Assuming that the interviewee¡¦s knowing of the Corridor of MRT Formosa Boulevard has obvious differences between behavioral intentions. (2)Assuming that the interviewee¡¦s impressions on the Corridor of MRT Formosa Boulevard have obvious differences between behavioral intentions. The research has discovered that it effectively changed the impressions on the use of the MRT space by the continuing education of Open University of Kaohsiung and the activities of public departments. In the aspects of conclusions and suggestions, I hope KRTC to open a channel of communication for cooperatives in order that the both can advantage by horizontally and friendly two-way interaction. I suggest that the Corridor of KMRT Formosa Boulevard center on the industry of health service, the information of relaxing tours combining art, and the curricula of spiritual development. Let people in the fast-paced city have a secret base to relax. Let busy people set out on a journey! Re-depart¡K!

A high-resolution seismic reflection survey was conducted during the NT07-05 cruise over the Formosa Ridge offshore southwestern Taiwan where strong and continuous bottom simulating reflections (BSR) have been observed. Previous seafloor pictures taken from a deep-towed camera indicate that there are some chemosynthetic colonies. During the NT07-05 cruise, not only large and dense chemosynthetic communities were confirmed at the plume site, ROV Hyper-Dolphin has also discovered that both deep-sea mussel Bathymodiolus platifrons, and galatheid crab Shinkaia crosnieri are vigorously populated at this site. By integrating swatch bathymetry, multichannel seismic and high-resolution seismic reflection data, we now have a better understanding on the structural characters of the cold seep site. The cold seep is situated at the summit of the Formosa Ridge southern peak. Submarine canyons that incised continental slope on both sides of the ridge are the controlling factors of the ridge formation. The sedimentary strata are generally flat lying but have been deformed by mass wasting processes. Strong BSR is observed 400 to 500 ms below the seafloor of the ridge, with many bright reflections beneath it. There is a narrow vertical blanking zone raising from BSR to the crest of the ridge. This narrow zone is interpreted to be the fluid conduit of the seep site. BSR may form a good cap to trap gas below, and this “gas reservoir” is shallower than the canyon floors on either side of the ridge. We suggest that this “ridge type” gas reservoir configuration enables the cold sea water to get into the fluid system, and forms a special kind of “hydrothermal” circulation that feeds the unusual chemosynthetic communities observed at the Formosa Ridge cold seep site.