Les mémoires volatiles représentent aujourd'hui 30% du marché des mémoires à semi-conducteurs. La tendance générale actuelle consiste à mettre au point des produits nomades capables d'emmagasiner et de restituer une grande quantité d'informations en peu de temps et pouvant fonctionner avec une faible tension d'alimentation. Dans ce cadre, cette thèse s'intéresse à la possibilité d'augmenter les performances d'une mémoire non-volatile de type EEPROM en termes de vitesse de programmation et de baisse des tensions de programmation. Nous étudions aussi la modélisation de la fermeture de la fenêtre de programmation en fonction du nombre de cycles programmation/effacement en extrayant les paramètres Fowler-Nordheim α et β sur des capacités équivalentes soumises à une contrainte électrique dynamique égale à celle que subit l'oxyde tunnel d'une mémoire EEPROM lors d'un test en endurance. Les simulations sont effectuées à l'aide d'un modèle physique compact de cellule EEPROM basé sur le calcul du potentiel de surface et du potentiel de grille flottante. Ce modèle prend en compte la non-linéarité de la capacité de la zone tunnel due à la désertion de la grille flottante en polysilicium. Nous montrons que la durée de programmation d'une cellule EEPROM peut être réduite à 10µs tout en ayant une endurance supérieure à 50000 cycles programmation/effacement. De plus, les tensions de programmation de la cellule peuvent être divisées par deux en les répartissant entre la grille de contrôle et le drain. Ceci implique l'utilisation de tensions négatives. Enfin, l'émulation du vieillissement de l'oxyde tunnel sur des capacités équivalentes montre une fermeture de la fenêtre de programmation supérieure à celle mesurée sur une cellule EEPROM. Cette fermeture plus importante est attribuée à une dégradation additionnelle de l'oxyde tunnel due aux mesures de courant Fowler-Nordheim en vue d'extraire les paramètres Fowler-Nordheim.

In the thesis we consider two types of problems. In Paper 1, we study small solutions to a time-independent nonlinear elliptic partial differential equation of Emden-Fowler type in a semi-infnite cylinder. The asymptotic behaviour of these solutions at infnity is determined. First, the equation under the Neumann boundary condition is studied. We show that any solution small enough either vanishes at infnity or tends to a nonzero periodic solution to a nonlinear ordinary differential equation. Thereafter, the same equation under the Dirichlet boundary condition is studied, the non-linear term and right-hand side now being slightly more general than in the Neumann problem. Here, an estimate of the solution in terms of the right-hand side of the equation is given. If the equation is homogeneous, then every solution small enough tends to zero. Moreover, if the cross-section is star-shaped and the nonlinear term in the equation is subject to some additional constraints, then every bounded solution to the homogeneous Dirichlet problem vanishes at infnity. In Paper 2, we study asymptotics as t → ∞ of solutions to a linear, parabolic system of equations with time-dependent coefficients in Ωx(0,∞), where Ω is a bounded domain. On δΩ(0,∞) we prescribe the homogeneous Dirichlet boundary condition. For large values of t, the coefficients in the elliptic part are close to time-independent coefficients in an integral sense which is described by a certain function κ(t). This includes in particular situations when the coefficients may take different values on different parts of Ω and the boundaries between them can move with t but stabilize as t → ∞. The main result is an asymptotic representation of solutions for large t. As a corollary, it is proved that if κєL1(0,∞), then the solution behaves asymptotically as the solution to a parabolic system with time-independent coefficients.

No description available.

Den här studiens syfte är att undersöka hur fyra svenska medier (Aftonbladet, Dagens Nyheter, Svenska Dagbladet och SR Ekot) rapporterat om revolutionen i Egypten under 2011 och början av 2012. I enlighet med postkoloniala teorier visar undersökningen hur reportagen bär spår av eurocentrism, alltså idén att så kallade västerländska normer är bättre än andra normer, i detta fall muslimska. Reportagen reproducerar även stereotypa uppfattningar av i synnerhet personer med anknytning till muslimska partier. Det framstår även som trovärdigt att dramaturgiska grepp förstärker behoven av dessa förenklingar. Under året förändrades tonläget i reportagen. Under första delen av revolutionen var inställningen till revolutionen och demonstranternas mål positiv. Senare under året var tonen mer negativ. I början beskrevs demonstranter och folk som en enhet, senare särskilde reportagen ofta muslimer och kristna. Trots att Egyptens befolkning till 90 procent består av muslimer så kom kristna oftare till tals än muslimer. Resultatet av denna undersökning visar på tendensen att det i den svenska medierapporteringen fanns förhoppningar att ”de” (Egyptens folk) skulle bli mer som ”vi”(européer). För att komma fram till detta resultat har arton gestaltande reportage studerats med kritisk diskursanalys enligt Roger Fowler. Reportagen är strategiskt valda från specifika perioder i anslutning till tre nyckelhändelser - revolutionens inledning, valet och årsdagen. Den teoretiska ramen formas av postkoloniala teorier om ”vi” och ”de andra” samt dramaturgi, framför allt användandet av polemik och retoriska grepp.

Thesis (D. Min.)--Harding Graduate School of Religion, 1992. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 107-118).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2005. / Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 173-182). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.

The purpose of this descriptive-quantitative study was to analyze the relationship between individuals' development according to Fowler's stages and the self-assessed maturity of their faithfulness to Jesus Christ. Based on a review of significant texts from the Judeo-Christian Scriptures and from church history, the researcher concluded that faith as understood by the earliest Christians--which the researcher has termed "biblical-orthodox faith"--and the reality to which James W. Fowler referred as "faith" are not the same phenomenon. Biblical-orthodox faith entails two inseparable dimensions, faith-content and faith-commitment. The validity and vitality of biblical-orthodox faith may be assessed by measuring individuals' maturity in Christian faithfulness. Fowler's understanding of faith--described in this research as "other-awareness"--more closely relates to the phenomenon described in the writings of Friedrich D. E. Schleiermacher as das schlechthinnigen Abhängigkeitsgefuehl . The researcher created the Fowlerian Stage-Development Survey (FSDS) to assess Fowlerian stage-development in the sample of 348 evangelical Christians. The alpha reliability coefficient for the FSDS was 0.6941. The Shepherd Scale--a standardized instrument with two sub-scales, the Christian Belief sub-scale and the Christian Walk sub-scale--was utilized to assess individuals' maturity in Christian faithfulness. ANOVA indicated that no significant relationship existed between Fowlerian stage-development and maturity in Christian faithfulness as assessed by the Shepherd Scale. Both qualitative and quantitative analysis suggested that Fowler's Stages 2 through 4 describe the development of the Jungian Ego, while Stage 5 describes the development of the Jungian Self. These findings suggest that Christian spiritual formation comprises three separate "tracks"--Ego-development, Self-actualization, and Christian faith-development. In light of his research findings, the researcher constructed an integrative model of spiritual development that incorporated Ego-development, Self-actualization, and Christian faith-development into a single model while recognizing that Christian faith-development and Fowlerian stage-development operate on separate structural-developmental tracks. / This item is only available to students and faculty of the Southern Baptist Theological Seminary. If you are not associated with SBTS, this dissertation may be purchased from <a href="http://disexpress.umi.com/dxweb">http://disexpress.umi.com/dxweb</a> or downloaded through ProQuest's Dissertation and Theses database if your institution subscribes to that service.

Orientador: Vitor Baranauskas / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e de Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T07:59:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Amorim_MauroVanderleide_M.pdf: 4658675 bytes, checksum: 1d0d3ce62cb40cd86d00a29631b96508 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / Resumo: Foi desenvolvida uma câmara de vácuo para estudo das propriedades elétricas de emissão de elétrons por catodos frios de vários materiais de interesse tecnológico, por exemplo, diamante dopado, filmes de carbono diamantífero e silício. Na parte experimental realizamos um sistema de alto vácuo (bomba mecânica mais a bomba difusora), um sistema de posicionamento de 6 graus de liberdade e um sistema de medida da corrente de emissão de elétrons. A modelagem matemática da emissão foi baseada na teoria de Fowler ¿ Nordheim. Foram feitos os cálculos relativos às propriedades de vácuo do sistema utilizado e a seguir a caracterização de algumas amostras de estruturas nanométricas produzidas utilizando o processo de deposição química a partir da fase vapor do etanol (HFCVD) com altas concentrações de hélio e argônio / Abstract: A vacuum chamber was developed for study the physical properties of electron emission by cold cathodes of several materials of technological interest as for example, doped diamond, films of diamond-like carbon and silicon. In the experimental part we accomplished a system of high vacuum (mechanic and diffusion pumps), a positioning system of 6 degrees of freedom and a system to measure of the electron emission current. The mathematical modeling of the emission was based on the theory of Fowler - Nordheim. Relative calculation of the properties of vacuum in the used system was made to check the characterization of some samples of nanometric structures produced using the process of chemical deposition starting from the phase vapor of the ethanol (HFCVD) with high concentrations of helium and argon / Mestrado / Eletrônica, Microeletrônica e Optoeletrônica / Mestre em Engenharia Elétrica

Téma diplomové práce je zaměřeno na metodiku charakterizace autoemisního zdroje pro elektronový mikroskop. Použitá metoda – Fowlerova-Nordheimova analýza je založená na přítomnosti kvantového tunelování, ke kterému dochází v průběhu autoemise elektronů. Práce je obsahově dělena na teoretický úvod do problematiky a praktickou část. Teoretický úvod popisuje emisi elektronů, kvantové tunelování a vlastnosti emisních zdrojů. Druhá část diplomové práce se věnuje experimentální analýze autoemisní katody. Součástí analýzy je výpočet základních charakteristik této katody. Vypočtené hodnoty stanovují celkovou kvalitu elektronové emise a zároveň poskytují informace o aktuálním stavu autoemisní katody. Výsledky F-N analýzy jsou poté srovnány s výsledky počítačové simulace autoemise elektronů. Simulace je provedena v programu COMSOL Multiphysics, který k výpočtu používá metodu konečných prvků a je nástrojem pro hodnocení významu a přesnosti Fowlerovy-Nordheimovy analýzy.

This essay examines the connection between children's religiosity and their cognitivedevelopment and what impact this has on how children understand religious conceptssuch as God and Bible stories. The problem formulation of this thesis is how doeschildren’s cognitive understanding affect their perception of christian God and Biblestories, according to religious psychological theories with cognitive development as afocal point. To try to answer this problem formulation, the working questions are focusedon children's cognitive development, their understanding of the concept of God and whatpossibilities or limitations children's cognitive understanding give to their understandingof biblical stories.This is a comparative study that compares four different theories on psychology ofreligion, to form an understanding of the view of children's cognitive religiousdevelopment. These theories are developed by Ronald Goldman, David Elkind, James WFowler and Justin L Barrett.The result of the analys on the cognitive development are organized into four differentstages to make it easier for the reader to understand. The most interesting find about thecognitive development is that all the theories agree on that around the age of 12, childrenhave the cognitive ability to understand religion and God at the same level as a grown up.This is also one of the biggest possibilities the theories give on children’s understandingof biblical stories.The discussion in the essay focuses on three points: natural theology, the concept of Godand problematic studies. Are children born religious or do they become so? Is it biologicalor sociological factors that create religiosity? Is there a difference between understandingGod and understanding God's theological significance? This essay answers manyinteresting questions, but also creates new possibilities in expanding the subject.