Revision and abridgement of the author's Thesis (doctoral)--Paris IV-Sorbonne, 1995. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [723]-864) and indexes.

This thesis examines the notions of time and epoch through the works of three contemporary French authors: Christine Montalbetti, Hélène Lenoir and Emmanuelle Pireyre. The theoretical framework for this study draws upon literary criticism, time studies and cultural theory: it investigates in particular the ways in which literary fiction may respond to what has been called a ‘culture of speed' in capitalist economies of the twenty-first century. This culture of speed is traced back two major epochal shifts: the revolution in information technology, which has permitted the generating and sharing of information at exponentially higher speeds, and an increasing consciousness of the vast time cycles within which we might situate our own epoch or individual lives. This work considers the ways in which this collective and paradigmatic shift might be reflected in literary fiction. It examines the representation of new information technologies within these literary works, focusing in particular on the texts' representations of obsessive or compulsive uses of technology and the kinds of anxieties emerging as a result of the ubiquity of these devices. It further questions whether new aesthetic trends, what has been called a ‘post-internet aesthetic', may be emerging in literary fiction in light of some of these changes. Further investigation of the representation of diegetic time within these texts demonstrates that these literary works appear to resist the current time culture of speed and simultaneity, embracing instead the literary devices of repetition and digression while maintaining a dilatory pace. This study also considers the emergence of ‘short-termism' and insularity within these literary texts as reflecting a wider societal trend, especially in light of recent theoretical work on the vast timescales (for example those of the planet's climate cycles) that have become increasingly present in political and journalistic discourses.

Popular writer and man of the people, Zamenga Batukezanga, in 1971, wrote, using his personal experience, his first book entitled The Ups and downs. In his novel, he describes the life of a young villager, Difwayame, who disenchanted acceded the developed class assigned to fight the customs of his native land. In 1986, he published a book entitled My husband on strike. In this novel, he depicts the life of Laurent Lubaki, disenchanted by his clan adheres first the sect called The world will change, and then a catholic church to fight the customs of his native environment. In1991, he wrote and published A Villager in Kinshasa. In this novel, he showed the reader how Amuly who disillusioned by the mores of Kinshasa’s people returned to the village training first agriculture becomes rich and helps villagers. In 2008, he published a book entitled Forbidden way. In this novel, he describes the Hassein Ben Diouf who disillusioned by the behaviour of his mother leaves the house of his parents and adheres to as path as banned group to fight corruption, prostitution, dictatorship which block the development of his country. After carefully reading the above four novels, one realizes that Zamenga Batukezanga puts bare retrograde and anti-values that are common after the independence of his country. That is why from a book to another, he struggles against the retrograde customs and anti- values by evoking the suffering of young people. He keeps coming in his novels on a thematic or dialectic – disenchantment and commitment. What does he mean by disenchantment and commitment? How the two concepts manifest themselves in the works of Congolese writer? What means has he put at the disposal of young struggling to fight retrogrades customs and anti-values in order to achieve freedom? / Linguistics and Modern Languages / D. Litt. et. Phil. (French)

Alain Robbe-Grillet's Les Gommes, Michel Butor's L'Emploi du temps as well as Claude Simon's La Bataille de Pharsale are all New Novels in which Greek and Latin "mythemes" play various roles in the reception of the text by its reader. These roles represent our object of study. As a result of the possibilities and, more specifically, the many difficulties involved in reconstructing the original mythological plot, the reader realizes that the mythemes form a sort of "secondary plot" which both reflects the "first plot" (the novel's narrative) and determines its complexity. In this way, the mythemes guarantee a certain balance in the reader's level of understanding. However, they still bring out important problems: for example, they contribute to the redefining of certain familiar classical concepts and to the production of manifold interpretative choices. It follows that the mythemes are instrumental in making the reader the privileged spectator of the reconstruction of the horizon of expectations.

This thesis focuses on how identity in contemporary British and French women’s writing has developed since the times of second wave feminism, when identity in women’s literature was virtually narrowed down to gender identity and women’s identities more often than not were portrayed as discriminated against, alien and other in world dominated by patriarchy. The thesis addresses different aspects of identity explored in the work of four contemporary female authors: British Trezza Azzopardi and A.L. Kennedy, French Marie NDiaye and Marie Darrieussecq. It also articulates the structure of identity as it appears in the work of each author. The study suggests that Azzopardi, NDiaye, Kennedy and Darrieussecq address a wide range of aspects of identity in their work. Nevertheless, gender identity remains a significant preoccupation in their writing and is often explored together with other discriminated identities and their combinations (i.e. gender/race/social/class or gender/age/national identities. It is argued that self identity in the work of all four authors takes the form of the other in different guises. It is argued that a prominent concern with the exploration of self as other is the distinguishing mark of the latest generation of women writers compared to previous ones. It is the contention of this thesis that the change in the female speaking position has inevitably transformed the way the female speaking subject perceives herself and functions in discourse and culture. / Disertacijoje siekiama atskleisti, kaip moterų tapatumo problema naujausioje prancūzų ir britų moterų literatūroje pakito nuo antrosios feminizmo bangos laikų, kai moterų literatūroje ji buvo tapati lyties tapatumui, o moters tapatumas vaizduojamas kaip diskriminuojamas, svetimas, kitas vyrų pasaulyje. Lyties tapatumas šiuolaikinėje moterų kūryboje išsirutuliojo į sudėtingą ir platų tapatumų tinklą. Disertacijoje nagrinėjami įvairūs tapatumo aspektai ir jų raiška keturių šiuolaikinių rašytojų – prancūzių Marie NDiaye ir Marie Darrieussecq bei bričių velsietės Trezzos Azzopardi ir škotės Alison Louise Kennedy (pasirašinėjančios A. L. Kennedy) – kūryboje. Per minėtų autorių kūrybą aptariami XX–XXI amžių sandūros britų ir prancūzų moterų literatūroje aktualizuojami tapatumo aspektai ir jų konstravimo principai. Daromos išvados, kad šiuolaikinių rašytojų nebeslegia lyties identifikacijos, joms rūpi aktualizuoti ne vieną, bet daugelį tapatumo aspektų, kurie vis dėlto dažniausiai yra diskriminuojami. Vyraujantis mąstymo apie tapatumą būdas Azzopardi, NDiaye, Kennedy ir Darrieussecq kūryboje yra kito neišvengiamumo deklaravimas. Tai simbolizuoja visavertį moterų rašytojų dalyvavimą diskursyvinėje erdvėje, tai, kad kūrybą jos suvokia ne kaip kito dominuojamą erdvę, bet kaip areną, kurioje jų talentas, jų kūrybinė savastis gali skleistis ir skleidžiasi per santykį su kitu, kitais, jų tekstais, kūrybiniais ir meniniais ieškojimais.

Disertacijoje siekiama atskleisti, kaip moterų tapatumo problema naujausioje prancūzų ir britų moterų literatūroje pakito nuo antrosios feminizmo bangos laikų, kai moterų literatūroje ji buvo tapati lyties tapatumui, o moters tapatumas vaizduojamas kaip diskriminuojamas, svetimas, kitas vyrų pasaulyje. Lyties tapatumas šiuolaikinėje moterų kūryboje išsirutuliojo į sudėtingą ir platų tapatumų tinklą. Disertacijoje nagrinėjami įvairūs tapatumo aspektai ir jų raiška keturių šiuolaikinių rašytojų – prancūzių Marie NDiaye ir Marie Darrieussecq bei bričių velsietės Trezzos Azzopardi ir škotės Alison Louise Kennedy (pasirašinėjančios A. L. Kennedy) – kūryboje. Per minėtų autorių kūrybą aptariami XX–XXI amžių sandūros britų ir prancūzų moterų literatūroje aktualizuojami tapatumo aspektai ir jų konstravimo principai. Daromos išvados, kad šiuolaikinių rašytojų nebeslegia lyties identifikacijos, joms rūpi aktualizuoti ne vieną, bet daugelį tapatumo aspektų, kurie vis dėlto dažniausiai yra diskriminuojami. Vyraujantis mąstymo apie tapatumą būdas Azzopardi, NDiaye, Kennedy ir Darrieussecq kūryboje yra kito neišvengiamumo deklaravimas. Tai simbolizuoja visavertį moterų rašytojų dalyvavimą diskursyvinėje erdvėje, tai, kad kūrybą jos suvokia ne kaip kito dominuojamą erdvę, bet kaip areną, kurioje jų talentas, jų kūrybinė savastis gali skleistis ir skleidžiasi per santykį su kitu, kitais, jų tekstais, kūrybiniais ir meniniais ieškojimais. / This thesis focuses on how identity in contemporary British and French women’s writing has developed since the times of second wave feminism, when identity in women’s literature was virtually narrowed down to gender identity and women’s identities more often than not were portrayed as discriminated against, alien and other in world dominated by patriarchy. The thesis addresses different aspects of identity explored in the work of four contemporary female authors: British Trezza Azzopardi and A.L. Kennedy, French Marie NDiaye and Marie Darrieussecq. It also articulates the structure of identity as it appears in the work of each author. The study suggests that Azzopardi, NDiaye, Kennedy and Darrieussecq address a wide range of aspects of identity in their work. Nevertheless, gender identity remains a significant preoccupation in their writing and is often explored together with other discriminated identities and their combinations (i.e. gender/race/social/class or gender/age/national identities. It is argued that self identity in the work of all four authors takes the form of the other in different guises. It is argued that a prominent concern with the exploration of self as other is the distinguishing mark of the latest generation of women writers compared to previous ones. It is the contention of this thesis that the change in the female speaking position has inevitably transformed the way the female speaking subject perceives herself and functions in discourse and culture.

Based on a thesis submitted to the Université des lettres de Grenoble, 1980. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [247]-252).

The author's Habilitationsschrift--Universität München. / Includes indexes. Includes bibliographical references (p. [213]-223).

No description available.

Le récit enchâssé émerge comme concept au début du XXe siècle, à la faveur des travaux formalistes sur le recueil de nouvelles. Il ne se développe véritablement que dans les années soixante, sous la plume de Todorov et de Genette. Mais alors, il est moins étudié qu’effleuré. Aucune définition consensuelle ne se dégage chez les narratologues. On prête au dispositif une origine millénaire, sans bien expliquer la persistance intacte d'un procédé d'écriture depuis l'Inde ancienne. Le récit enchâssé a été davantage un mythe critique qu'un objet d'étude. Cette thèse se propose de reprendre la conceptualisation là où elle s'est arrêtée : à l'intuition que certains textes contiennent des récits en surplus. Par des décrochages typographiques, par un changement d'énonciateur, par une variation temporelle, par une série de marquages spécifiques, un récit peut être mis en relief dans l'espace textuel. L'enchâssement, alors, ne serait que le fait de cette mise en relief, qu'elle s'effectue ou non dans un texte littéraire, qu'elle porte ou non sur un texte narratif. Y a-t-il légitimité, dès lors, à parler d'un « récit enchâssé » ? A-t-il existé dans l'histoire une technique homogène de mise en relief d'un récit ? En posant cette question sur les récits courts du XIXe siècle (1800-1890), cette thèse s'efforce également d'expliquer l'apparition de la notion. Car c'est au XIXe siècle que, pour la première fois, le recueil de nouvelles est comparé à une fiction indépendante, en l'occurrence, une nouvelle. Analyser ce rapprochement permet de découvrir comment a été préparée la possibilité de penser le « récit enchâssé ». / At the beginning of the twentieth century, embedded narrative emerged as a concept, thanks to the research that Russian formalists had carried out on a collection of short stories. But the category came into bloom only in the 1960s, under Todorov and Genette's pens. At that time though, the subject was broached rather than dealt with in depth. No definition based on consensus ever arose from narratology; and the seamless persistence of this narrative technique, dating back to Ancient India, has never been well accounted for. Embedded narrative has always been a critical myth rather than a subject to be studied. The aim of this dissertation is to start where the first tentative conceptualization stopped: the feeling that some texts do contain extra narratives. Inserted stories can be enhanced through typography layouts, changes of narratee, time-related alterations, or by sets of specific markings. Embedding might then mean emphasizing rather than inserting. Is it then legitimate to comment on 'embedded narratives' as such? Was there ever a consistent technique to emphasize narratives? By raising these issues, this dissertation aims at getting to the root of the notion, and addresses the topic by drawing on a large number of short stories published between 1800 and 1890. For during the nineteenth century short stories collections came for the first time closer to independent fiction, precisely to short story. Analyzing this rapprochement will enable us to discover how the very notion of 'embedded narrative’ could come up.