<p>Denna magisteruppsats har genomförts vid Spaljisten AB och behandlar produktionsfilosofin Lean-produktion</p><p>och produktionskonceptet TPM. Huvudobjektet för studierna var en maskinlinje för sågning, kantlistning, fräsning</p><p>och borrning av planmöbeldetaljer (Homag VI). En nulägesanalys genomfördes för att kartlägga stopporsaker</p><p>och OEE-talet (35,9 %). Inom samtliga klasser av stopptider är det framförallt kortvariga avbrott (81 %), vilket</p><p>tyder på kroniska fel i linjen. Tillsammans med maskinlinjens personal genomfördes en störningsanalys</p><p>(Ishikawadiagram). Nulägesanalys och störningsanalys visar på en förbättringspotential av 33 % för ökad</p><p>tillgänglighet. Vidare genomfördes en SMED-analys där själva analysarbetet genomfördes tillsammans med</p><p>personalen av maskinlinjen. Vid en närmare analys kunde det föreslås en klassificering av IED respektive OED</p><p>samt förenklingar som innebär en minskning av tidsåtgången med 55 min. och 43 sek för omställningen. Utöver</p><p>detta studerades bland annat verktyg som Lean-uppstart och kommunikation, operatörsunderhåll, 5S och</p><p>ständiga förbättringar. Det genomfördes en effektivitetsanalys av förbättringsgruppenverksamheten. Vid den</p><p>sistnämnda analysen konstaterades motivationsproblem hos personalen, som har sin huvudförklaring i ett</p><p>saknande av en organisatorisk plan och en planering för införandet av nya produktionsformer. Uppsatsen</p><p>rymmer en utförlig sammanfattning på svenska, engelska och tyska.</p> / <p>The master thesis has been realized in direct contact with the host company Spaljisten AB, Åseda Sweden and</p><p>is dealing with the production philosophy Lean production and the production concept TPM. Main object for the</p><p>studies was a machine line for processing of furniture details (Homag VI). An actual condition analysis has been</p><p>done to determinate stop reasons and the OEE (35.9 %). In all classes of stop reasons occur mainly short stops</p><p>(81 %) those indicate chronic problems in the line. Together with the employees of the line Homag VI was a fault</p><p>analysis done (Ishikawa diagram). Actual condition analysis and fault analysis can generate a potential of</p><p>improvement of 33 % for increased availability. Furthermore was a SMED analysis done where the main work of</p><p>analyzing was done together with the employees of the line. By a deeper analysis a classification of IED and</p><p>OED respectively could be done including even simplifications that led to a reducing of time for set up of 55</p><p>minutes and 43 seconds. Also tools like the Lean start up and communication, operator’s maintenance, 5S,</p><p>constant improvements have been studied. An efficiency analysis of the kaizen groups was done that shows that</p><p>a lack of motivation exists among the employees. The main explanation for this is that the company does not</p><p>have a plan for the organisation structure and neither a plan for implementation of new production forms. The</p><p>work contains an extended summary in English, German and Swedish.</p>

Thesis (M. Soc. Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 1975. / Typescript.

During the last decades, the competition changed from taking place between individual companies to take place between supply chains. As a natural consequence, the importance of buyer-supplier relationships (BSRs) increased since both actors need to work together (Dyer &amp; Singh, 1998; Kannan &amp; Choon Tan, 2006). During a seminar provided by the Swedish trade and employers’ association Trä- och Möbelföretagen (TMF), companies within the Swedish furniture industry revealed the BSR management to be deficient from time to time, where price focus has increased from the producer side. Whereas the suppliers stressed the disinterest to compete on price, the authors formulated the purpose of this thesis as: To investigate how the furniture industry can further develop the management of BSRs for the benefit of both producers and suppliers within the industry segment. To fulfill the purpose, the authors have conducted an observation, interviews and distributed a survey to both producers and suppliers of the studied industry segment, design- and office furniture. The aim was to holistically understand how the BSRs are currently managed, and from the current state provide improvement suggestions. The analysis of the collected data highlights that the problems perceived by the companies are not as wide-ranging as first indicated, but there are rather small-scale changes that need to be done in order to improve the BSR management. The suggested improvements that need to be considered were drafted from earlier theories and merged into a single BSR framework. However, a BSR development model, suggesting that the furniture industry could beneficially manage the BSRs more strategically, also accompanies the BSR framework. The authors conclude that in order for companies to manage BSRs more strategically, the main focus needs to shift from price towards flexibility, long-term commitment and co-development. Only by shifting focus from transactional BSRs towards collaborative BSRs, the authors argue the furniture industry can realize the domestic BSRs’ full potential.

Our interest in this thesis is based on the discussion we had in previous courses about the development of emerging countries. Since two of the writers of this thesis are from Poland we tried to found a common interest, hence the relationship between the Polish subcontractors and Swedish customer is analyzed. Poland is also known as a low cost country and that make it favorable when it comes about hiring subcontractors. The subcontractors in Poland are also known for the skills and expertise to produce quality. Something that is important for many foreign companies. IKEA has more than 40 subcontractors in Poland; the reason is just the factors mentioned above, to be able to produce good quality to low cost. (www.ikea.com) Earlier research indicate that Poland is developing rapidly compare to other emergent countries in Eastern Europe. There have been and will be changes in the environment that most likely will affect the competitive advantage that the subcontractors are the leader in. In other words these changes might lead to that Poland loses its customers which choose other markets that still are able produce at lower costs. The main problem for the thesis is to investigate how can polish subcontractors cope with environmental changes to sustain competitive advantage? In order to answer this, we used a qualitative approach where the characteristics of a case study are conducted. We collected and analyzed data in an abductive way. The interviews with the three Polish subcontractors were made in a semi structure form via telephone. To be able to solve the above problem an environmental analysis of Poland was done, in order to found those factors that are mentioned as worries and are likely to change in the future. The changes are presented from subcontractors’ perspective and recommendation how to cope with them is given.

Thesis (M.Soc.Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 1975. / Also available in print.

Thesis (M.S.)--Mississippi State University. Department of Forest Products. / Title from title screen. Includes bibliographical references.

<p>Our interest in this thesis is based on the discussion we had in previous courses about the development of emerging countries. Since two of the writers of this thesis are from Poland we tried to found a common interest, hence the relationship between the Polish subcontractors and Swedish customer is analyzed.</p><p>Poland is also known as a low cost country and that make it favorable when it comes about hiring subcontractors. The subcontractors in Poland are also known for the skills and expertise to produce quality. Something that is important for many foreign companies. IKEA has more than 40 subcontractors in Poland; the reason is just the factors mentioned above, to be able to produce good quality to low cost. (www.ikea.com)</p><p>Earlier research indicate that Poland is developing rapidly compare to other emergent countries in Eastern Europe. There have been and will be changes in the environment that most likely will affect the competitive advantage that the subcontractors are the leader in. In other words these changes might lead to that Poland loses its customers which choose other markets that still are able produce at lower costs.</p><p>The main problem for the thesis is to investigate how can polish subcontractors cope with environmental changes to sustain competitive advantage?</p><p>In order to answer this, we used a qualitative approach where the characteristics of a case study are conducted. We collected and analyzed data in an abductive way. The interviews with the three Polish subcontractors were made in a semi structure form via telephone. To be able to solve the above problem an environmental analysis of Poland was done, in order to found those factors that are mentioned as worries and are likely to change in the future. The changes are presented from subcontractors’ perspective and recommendation how to cope with them is given.</p>

Este trabalho tem como objetivo identificar as contribuições do design estratégico no processo de inovação de uma Empresa da indústria moveleira do Rio Grande do Sul. O caso é chamado de Monalisa, trata-se de uma indústria de gestão familiar, produtora de móveis no Rio Grande do Sul. Monalisa é um pseudônimo escolhido para preservar a identidade da empresa. O estudo narra o caso de uma indústria que utiliza o Design Estratégico como um meio de inovar, a partir da criação de um Centro de Design e da cultura de projeto, como forma contínua de renovação. O estudo ainda objetiva estimular uma reflexão a respeito do Design Estratégico como abordagem e como protagonista dos processos de inovação da organização em pauta. Demonstra, desse modo, como esta indústria percorreu o caminho da produção, para produção, mediação e distribuição, isto é, do produto ao sistema-produto. O referencial teórico discorre sobre o Design Estratégico, a sua origem e a aplicabilidade. Caracteriza, em continuidade, Centros de Design e apresenta alguns fundamentos a respeito da inovação por meio do design, demonstrando limites entre o Design Estratégico e a Gestão do Design. O método de pesquisa é o estudo de caso único. As discussões e a conclusão apresentam diretrizes para a implantação de um Centro de Design a partir da utilização do Design Estratégico. / This papers aims to identify the contribution of strategic design in the innovation process of a company of the furniture industry of Rio Grande do Sul. The case is called Monalisa, and it is a family owned industry, producer of furniture in Rio Grande do Sul. Monalisa is a pseudonym chosen to preserve the identity of the company. The study narrates the case of an industry that uses Strategic Design as means of innovation, through the creation of a Design Center and the project culture, as continuum form of renovation. In addition, this study aims to estimulate a reflection on the Strategic Design as an approach and as the protagonist of the innovation processes of the organization. It shows how this industry has trailed the path from production, to production, mediation and distribution, from product to system-product. The theoretical framework discourses on the Strategic Design, its origin and applicability. It characterizes, in continuity, Design Centers and presents some fundamentals about the innovation through design, showing boundaries between the Strategic Design and Design Management. The research method is the single case study. Discussion and conclusion provide guidelines for the implementation of a Design Center from the use of Strategic Design.

Os problemas relacionados à coluna vertebral, mais especificamente as lombalgias, atingem grande parte da população trabalhadora, gerando altos custos sociais e sofrimento aos trabalhadores, tornando-se então um importante problema de saúde. O objetivo deste estudo foi de maneira geral contribuir para a avaliação e prevenção de quadros lombálgicos em indústrias moveleiras de forma participativa. Este tipo de empresa caracteriza-se pela grande variabilidade de planos de trabalho e manuseio de peças de tamanho e pesos variados, implicando em penosidade traduzida em posturas desfavoráveis com aumento do risco de aparecimento de lombalgias. O trabalho foi realizado em uma indústria moveleira, fabricante de cozinhas e dormitórios em madeira. A metodologia empregada foi baseada em quatro etapas, sendo a fase inicial a caracterização da demanda. Na segunda etapa foram analisadas as condições de trabalho para identificação de fatores de risco dorso-lombares, nos setoresalvo. A terceira etapa a elaboração foi avaliar, a partir da análise do funcionamento e constituição do COERGO da empresa, as ações deste comitê; e, na última etapa, de posse dos dados de penosidade e ações do COERGO, foi proposta uma sistemática de gestão em Saúde e Segurança do Trabalho de forma participativa e prevencionista. Por fim, conclui-se que a metodologia proposta neste trabalho demonstra ser eficaz para a melhoria das condições de trabalho em empresas com características deste segmento, sendo obtidos ganhos para os setores-alvo da empresa. / Backbone problems, more specifically low back pain, affect most part of the working population causing workers high social costs and pain, becoming a serious health issue. This study aimed to contribute for the evaluation and prevention of low back pain incidence at furniture industries. These companies characterize themselves for their working plans and different size and weight handling pieces variability which causes pain and increases low back pain risk due to bad postures. This research was carried out in a furniture industry that produces wooden kitchens and bedrooms. The methodology applied was based on four stages being the demand characterization the first one. Working conditions were analyzed to identify the low back pain risk factors in the target sectors during the second stage. The evaluation of these committee actions through the COERGO operations and constitution analysis was the third stage. Finally, having the pain data and COERGO actions, it was possible to propose in an integrating and preventive way a Working Health and Safety systematic management. All things considered, we came to the conclusion that the methodology presented in this paper proved to be effective to improve the working conditions in this kind of companies once the target sectors had gains.

Text in Afrikaans / Professionele etiek word nie altyd in ag geneem met besigheidsbesluite nie. Die vordering van kredietversekeringspremies is waarskynlik 'n voorbeeld daarvan. Die uitneem van kredietversekering is dikwels 'n voorwaarde vir die verlening van krediet deur sommige meubelhandelaars. Geweldige finansiele voordele wat voortspruit uit kredietversekeringskemas lei tot uitbuiting van die publiek deur sekere meubelhandelaars. Die verskillende kredietversekeringskemas wat in die meubelhandel toegepas word, voldoen nie aan die vereistes van die Woekerwet, 1968, en die Versekeringswet, 1943, nie. Hierdie oortredings het dikwels 'n wesenlike uitwerking op die geopenbaarde finansiele inligting van verskeie meubelhandelaars. Dit is die ouditeur se verantwoordelikheid om die statutere vereistes met die vordering van kredietversekeringspremies in ag te neem, aangesien dit 'n onwettige optrede, asook 'n onreelmatigheid kragtens algemeen aanvaarde ouditstandaarde is. Die ouditeur behoort toepaslik verslag te doen oor gevolglike wanvoorstellings van die finansiele inligting van die betrokke meubelhandelaars. Hierdie verantwoordelikheid word egter nie deur alle ouditeure nagekom nie. / The taking out of credit insurance is often a condition for the granting of credit by certain furniture traders. Enormous financial gains arising from credit insurance schemes result in exploitation of the public by certain furniture traders. Various credit insurance schemes in the furniture trade contravene the Usury Act, 1968, and the Insurance Act, 1943. These contraventions often materially affect financial information disclosed by certain furniture traders. It is the auditor's responsibility to consider the statutory requirements for the collection of credit insurance premiums, as this is an illegal act and an irregularity in terms of general accepted auditing standards. The auditor's duty is to appropriately report on resulting misrepresentations of financial information of such furniture traders. Some auditors however, do not comply with this responsibility. / Auditing / M. Compt. (Auditing)