[pt] Essa dissertação se concentra na sistematização do pensamento de Agostinho em função da controvérsia pelagiana que surgiu logo depois do Sínodo de Cartago, na África, em 411, combinando temas importantíssimos para as tradições cristãs subsequentes. Analisando especificamente a morte do homem, a possibilidade de uma vida sem pecado e o batismo de crianças, que assumem os pontos centrais ao lado da transmissão do pecado original, principal objeto dessa pesquisa. Esse é o conteúdo que norteia a De peccatorum meritis et remissione et baptismo parvulorum que passa a ser o primeiro e um dos mais importantes documentos sobre a questão da graça na História da Igreja. Agostinho se concentra em convencer os seus leitores do perigo que existe, quando o homem menospreza a graça divina, dando mais atenção aos méritos das suas ações, confiando na própria vontade e na própria liberdade enquanto busca construir obras moralmente boas. As consequências dessa primeira sistematização se desenvolvem até os nossos dias, passando por experiências profundas dentro das tradições católicas e protestantes. / [en] This dissertation focuses on the systematization of Augustine s thought in light of the Pelagian controversy that arose shortly after the Synod of Carthage, in Africa, in 411, combining very important themes for subsequent Christian traditions. Specifically analyzing the death of man, the possibility of a sinless life and the baptism of infants, which assume the central points alongside the transmission of original sin, the main object of this research. This is the content that guides De peccatorum meritis et remissione et baptismo parvulorum, which becomes the first and one of the most important documents on the question of grace in the history of the Church. Augustine concentrates on convincing his readers of the danger that exists when man despises divine grace, giving more attention to the merits of his actions, trusting in his own will and in his own freedom as he seeks to build morally good works. The consequences of this first systematization are developed until our days, passing through profound experiences within the Catholic and Protestant traditions.

La presente tesis estudia el contrato Grace a través del diario El Comercio de los años 1888 y 1889. Para ello, adopta una perspectiva cualitativa, basado en los editoriales, artículos y debates en el Congreso publicados en el diario en esos años, Se muestra la posición de esa publicación periódica frente al contrato entre enero de 1888 hasta abril de 1889, presentando artículos a favor y en contra, citando editoriales de otros diarios tanto nacionales como extranjeros, pero con una posición documentada con preocupación y apoyo para el logro del contrato que se inicia en 1887 y culmina en 1890. Es de considerar que el director del diario, José Antonio Miró Quesada tenía un cargo de agente financiero del gobierno de Cáceres en Europa y firma como uno de los testigos en el contrato Araníbar-Grace de 1887. Al final, como se presenta en el trabajo, el contrato Grace logró solucionar una deuda impagable y permitió acceder nuevamente a los mercados internacionales, aunque el costo fue muy alto en relación a la pérdida del control de una serie de sus activos, siendo los más importantes, sus ferrocarriles. / This thesis studies the Grace contract through the newspaper El Comercio of the years 1888 and 1889. For this, it adopts a qualitative perspective, from the editorials, articles and debates of the Congress published in the newspaper in those years, it shows the position of the newspaper regarding the contract in a sample that goes from January 1888 to April 1889, presenting publications for and against, citing editorials from other national and foreign journals, but with a position documented in its editorials from the concern and support for the achievement of the contract that led from 1887 to 1890. It is to be considered that the director of the newspaper, José Antonio Miró Quesada, had a position as financial agent of the Cáceres government in Europe and signed as one of the witnesses in the contract Araníbar-Grace of 1887. In the end, as presented in the work, the Grace contract managed to settle an unpayable debt and again allowed access to international markets, although the cost was very high in relation to the loss of control of a number of its assets, the most important being its railways.

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Denna uppsats beskriver möbelarkitekten Axel Einar Hjorths karriär och produktion med fokus på åren 1927-32, hans första sex år som chefsarkitekt på Nordiska Kompaniet. Genom att undersöka några samtida tidskrifter försöker uppsatsen även utröna hur Hjorth mottogs under sin egen tid, samt varför han var förtigen i svenskdesignhistoria så länge. I uppsatsen ingår flera möbelanalyser vilka syftar till att beskriva Hjorths stil och bredd samt tidens smak. Uppsatsen visar att Axel Einar Hjorth ofta ritade internationellt orienterade möbler i ren art déco, men också stilmöbler, funktionalistiska seriemöbler m.m. Art déco var en stilriktning under mellankrigstiden, men i Sverige talar vi ofta om ”Swedish Grace” eftersom mycket konsthantverk under denna tid fick ett något svalare klassicistiskt uttryck än övriga länders. I Sverige har art décon eller ”Swedish Grace” ofta hamnat i skuggan av funktionalismen, som fick större genomslagskraft. Det är en av anledningarna till att ingen akademisk text tidigare har skrivits om Axel Einar Hjorth. / This essay describes the carrier and production of the architect Axel Einar Hjorth, with an emphasis on the years 1927-1932, his first six years as head architect at Nordiska Kompaniet. The essay also tries to inquire into how Hjorth was recieved by contemporary press and explain why he was forgotten about for many years. The study shows that the furniture designs of Axel Einar Hjorth was very international in it´s style. Instead of calm classicism the furnitures often have strong references to art déco, a style that didn´t grew big in Sweden. The essay includes several furniture analyses where the aim is to show Hjorths versatility. Hjorth designed both art déco furnitures, period furnitures and more modernistic furnitures etc. One of the reasons why so little has been written about Axel Einar Hjorth and art déco in Sweden is that the funktionalism won the debate with it´s socialistic ideas, which made art déco a short-lived style.