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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Highly Mismatched GaAs(1-x)N(x) and Ge(1-x)Sn(x) Alloys Prepared by Ion Implantation and Ultrashort Annealing

Gao, Kun 12 January 2015 (has links) (PDF)
Doping allows us to modify semiconductor materials for desired properties such as conductivity, bandgap, and / or lattice parameter. A small portion replacement of the highly mismatched isoelectronic dopants with the host atoms of a semiconductor can result in drastic variation of its structural, optical, and / or electronic properties. Here, the term "mismatch" describes the properties of atom size, ionicity, and / or electronegativity. This thesis presents the fabrication of two kinds of highly mismatched semiconductor alloys, i.e., Ge(1-x)Sn(x) and GaAs(1-x)N(x). The structural and optical properties of the prepared Ge(1-x)Sn(x) and GaAs(1-x)N(x) have been investigated. The results suggest an efficient above-solubility doping induced by non-equilibrium methods of ion implantation and ultrashort annealing. Pulsed laser melting promotes the regrowth of monocrystalline Ge(1-x)Sn(x), whereas flash lamp annealing brings about the formation of high quality GaAs(1-x)N(x) with room temperature photoluminescence. The bandgap modification of Ge(1-x)Sn(x) and GaAs(1-x)N(x) has been verified by optical measurements of spectroscopic ellipsometry and photoluminescence, respectively. In addition, effective defect engineering in GaAs has been achieved by flash lamp annealing, by which a quasi-temperature-stable photoluminescence at 1.3 µm has been obtained. / Dotierung ermöglicht es, die Eigenschaften von Halbleitermaterialien, wie Leitfähigkeit, aber auch Bandabstand und / oder Gitterkonstanten gezielt zu verändern. Wenn ein Halbleiter mit einer kleinen Menge unterschiedliche Fremdatome dotiert wird, kann dies in einer drastischen Modifikation der strukturellen, optischen und / oder elektronischen Eigenschaften resultieren. Der Begriff "unterschiedlich" bedeutet hier die Eigenschaften von Atomgröße, Ioniztät und / oder Elektronegativität. Diese Doktorarbeit beschreibt die Herstellung von zwei Arten von stark fehlangepassten Halbleiterlegierungen: Ge(1-x)Sn(x) und GaAs(1-x)N(x). Die strukturellen und optischen Eigenschaften von Ge(1-x)Sn(x) und GaAs(1-x)N(x) wurden untersucht. Die Ergebnisse deuten auf eine effiziente Dotierung oberhalb der Löslichkeit, induziert durch die Nicht-Gleichgewichtsverfahren Ionenimplantation und Ultrakurzzeit-Ausheilung. Gepulstes Laserschmelzen ermöglicht das Nachwachsen von monokristallinem Ge(1-x)Sn(x), während die Blitzlampenausheilung in der Bildung von GaAs(1-x)N(x) hoher Qualität mit Photolumineszenz bei Raumtemperatur resultiert. Die Änderung der Bandlücke von Ge(1-x)Sn(x) und GaAs(1-x)N(x) wurde durch die optischen Methoden der spektroskopischen Ellipsometrie und Photolumineszenz verifiziert. Darüber hinaus konnte in ausgeheiltem GaAs eine quasi-temperaturstabile Photolumineszenz bei 1,3 µm beobachtet werden.
2

Alliages à base de GaAs pour applications optoélectroniques et spintroniques / GaAs-based semiconductors for optoelectronic and spintronic applications

Azaizia, Sawsen 10 September 2018 (has links)
Ce travail de thèse est consacré à l’étude et au contrôle des propriétés de spin des électrons dans des structures à base de semi-conducteurs GaAs : GaAsN, GaAsBi et InGaAs. L'objectif est de donner une description fine de leurs propriétés électronique afin d'appréhender leur potentiel pour des applications en optoélectronique et spintronique. Nous avons focalisé l'étude des propriétés de spin des semi-conducteurs à base de nitrure dilué GaAsN sur les propriétés de l'interaction hyperfine entre l'électron et les noyaux des centres paramagnétiques naturellement présents dans ces matériaux. L'étude est réalisée par des expériences de photoluminescence pompe-sonde, en tirant parti du mécanisme de filtrage de spin par les centres paramagnétiques profonds présents dans le GaAsN massif : la recombinaison dépendante du spin (SDR). Nous démontrons, via l'enregistrement de la dynamique de la photoluminescence bande à bande, une nouvelle technique de détection des oscillations de spin cohérentes électron-noyau dues à l'interaction hyperfine. Ces oscillations sont observées dans l'application d'un champ magnétique externe et sans la nécessité d'utiliser les techniques de résonance de spin électronique. La caractérisation des matériaux bismures dilués GaAsBi en couches massives et en puits quantiques élaborés par épitaxie par jet moléculaire avec différentes concentrations de bismuth avec des expériences de spectroscopie de photoluminescence résolue en temps et en polarisation permet l’étude des propriétés de spin des électrons. Les résultats expérimentaux ont révélé une nette diminution du temps de relaxation de spin des électrons lorsque la fraction de bismuth augmente. Cette réduction significative du temps de relaxation de spin est liée à l'augmentation du couplage spin-orbite dans le matériau GaAsBi. La dynamique de relaxation observée est en bon accord avec le modèle de D'yakonov-Perel. Une troisième étude a porté sur le contrôle et la manipulation de spin des électrons dans les puits quantiques à semi-conducteurs III-V InGaAs/GaAs. Les hétérostructures élaborées sur des substrats d'orientation (111) présentent des propriétés de symétries particulières, qui combinées aux propriétés piézoélectriques, permettent sans application d’un champ électrique externe, de bloquer ou accélérer la dynamique de relaxation de spin. Ces observations démontrent la possibilité de contrôler le spin des porteurs à l'aide des propriétés intrinsèques de structures à puits quantiques, ce qui en fait de très bons candidats pour des applications futures de traitement et de stockage de l'information quantiques. / This thesis is devoted to the study of the electron spin properties for optoelectronic and spintronic applications of different GaAs-based semiconductor systems: GaAsN, GaAsBi, and InGaAs.The investigation of the spin properties of dilute nitride GaAsN-based semiconductors is centered on the properties of the hyperfine interaction between the electron and the nuclei at the paramagnetic centers naturally present in these compounds. The study is carried out, in the temporal domain, by a photoluminescence-based pump-probe technique and taking advantage of the spin-dependent relaxation mechanism via deep paramagnetic centers in GaAsN bulk. We demonstrate a novel detection scheme of the coherent electron-nuclear spin oscillations related to the hyperfine interaction and revealed by the band-to-band photoluminescence in zero external magnetic field and without the need of electron spin resonance techniques. GaAsBi semiconductors provide new opportunities for many optoelectronic applications thanks to possibility of greatly modulate the band gap and the spin-orbit interaction with the bismuth concentration. Using time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy experiment, we have characterized the optical and spin properties of bulk and quantum well GaAsBi structures elaborated by molecular beam epitaxy in a wide range of Bi-content. The experimental results revealed, on the one hand, the localization effect of exciton at low temperature and, on the other hand, the marked decrease of electron spin relaxation time when bismuth content increases. These results are consistent with Dyakonov-Perel spin relaxation mechanism whose efficiency is enhanced by the strong spin-orbit coupling interaction in GaAsBi alloy. The third study is focused on the demonstration of the control of the electron spin relaxation time in the III-V semiconductors by taking advantage of the symmetry properties allied to the piezoelectric effects in InGaAs (111)B heterostructures, without the need of any external electric field. We show that, in this system, the particular direction (111) associated with parameters related to InGaAs quantum wells such as indium concentration and quantum well width allows the control of spin electron relaxation time via piezoelectric field induced by the strain amplitude in the well. These observations demonstrate the possibility of monitoring electron spin relaxation process using intrinsic quantum confined structures, making them ideal candidates for use in quantum information storage and processing devices.
3

Highly Mismatched GaAs(1-x)N(x) and Ge(1-x)Sn(x) Alloys Prepared by Ion Implantation and Ultrashort Annealing

Gao, Kun 19 December 2014 (has links)
Doping allows us to modify semiconductor materials for desired properties such as conductivity, bandgap, and / or lattice parameter. A small portion replacement of the highly mismatched isoelectronic dopants with the host atoms of a semiconductor can result in drastic variation of its structural, optical, and / or electronic properties. Here, the term "mismatch" describes the properties of atom size, ionicity, and / or electronegativity. This thesis presents the fabrication of two kinds of highly mismatched semiconductor alloys, i.e., Ge(1-x)Sn(x) and GaAs(1-x)N(x). The structural and optical properties of the prepared Ge(1-x)Sn(x) and GaAs(1-x)N(x) have been investigated. The results suggest an efficient above-solubility doping induced by non-equilibrium methods of ion implantation and ultrashort annealing. Pulsed laser melting promotes the regrowth of monocrystalline Ge(1-x)Sn(x), whereas flash lamp annealing brings about the formation of high quality GaAs(1-x)N(x) with room temperature photoluminescence. The bandgap modification of Ge(1-x)Sn(x) and GaAs(1-x)N(x) has been verified by optical measurements of spectroscopic ellipsometry and photoluminescence, respectively. In addition, effective defect engineering in GaAs has been achieved by flash lamp annealing, by which a quasi-temperature-stable photoluminescence at 1.3 µm has been obtained. / Dotierung ermöglicht es, die Eigenschaften von Halbleitermaterialien, wie Leitfähigkeit, aber auch Bandabstand und / oder Gitterkonstanten gezielt zu verändern. Wenn ein Halbleiter mit einer kleinen Menge unterschiedliche Fremdatome dotiert wird, kann dies in einer drastischen Modifikation der strukturellen, optischen und / oder elektronischen Eigenschaften resultieren. Der Begriff "unterschiedlich" bedeutet hier die Eigenschaften von Atomgröße, Ioniztät und / oder Elektronegativität. Diese Doktorarbeit beschreibt die Herstellung von zwei Arten von stark fehlangepassten Halbleiterlegierungen: Ge(1-x)Sn(x) und GaAs(1-x)N(x). Die strukturellen und optischen Eigenschaften von Ge(1-x)Sn(x) und GaAs(1-x)N(x) wurden untersucht. Die Ergebnisse deuten auf eine effiziente Dotierung oberhalb der Löslichkeit, induziert durch die Nicht-Gleichgewichtsverfahren Ionenimplantation und Ultrakurzzeit-Ausheilung. Gepulstes Laserschmelzen ermöglicht das Nachwachsen von monokristallinem Ge(1-x)Sn(x), während die Blitzlampenausheilung in der Bildung von GaAs(1-x)N(x) hoher Qualität mit Photolumineszenz bei Raumtemperatur resultiert. Die Änderung der Bandlücke von Ge(1-x)Sn(x) und GaAs(1-x)N(x) wurde durch die optischen Methoden der spektroskopischen Ellipsometrie und Photolumineszenz verifiziert. Darüber hinaus konnte in ausgeheiltem GaAs eine quasi-temperaturstabile Photolumineszenz bei 1,3 µm beobachtet werden.
4

Étude théorique des propriétés structurales et électroniques de l'alliage GaAsN

Madini, Nassima January 2004 (has links)
Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.
5

Calculs des propriétés électroniques du GaAsN, de nanotubes de carbone et de polymères à faible gap par méthodes ab initio

Dumont, Guillaume January 2007 (has links)
Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.
6

Room-temperature continuous-wave operation of GaInNAs/GaAs quantum dot laser with GaAsN barrier grown by solid source molecular beam epitaxy

Sun, Z. Z., Yoon, Soon Fatt, Yew, K. C., Bo, B. X., Yan, Du An, Tung, Chih-Hang 01 1900 (has links)
We present the results of GaInNAs/GaAs quantum dot structures with GaAsN barrier layers grown by solid source molecular beam epitaxy. Extension of the emission wavelength of GaInNAs quantum dots by ~170nm was observed in samples with GaAsN barriers in place of GaAs. However, optimization of the GaAsN barrier layer thickness is necessary to avoid degradation in luminescence intensity and structural property of the GaInNAs dots. Lasers with GaInNAs quantum dots as active layer were fabricated and room-temperature continuous-wave lasing was observed for the first time. Lasing occurs via the ground state at ~1.2μm, with threshold current density of 2.1kA/cm[superscript 2] and maximum output power of 16mW. These results are significantly better than previously reported values for this quantum-dot system. / Singapore-MIT Alliance (SMA)
7

The promise of nitrogen plasma implanted gallium arsenide for band gap engineering

Risch, Marcel 31 March 2008
This investigation examines band gap engineering of the GaAsN alloy by means of plasma ion implantation. The strong redshift of the alloy's band gap is suitable for telecommunication applications and thus stimulated much interest in recent years. Nitrogen (N) ion implantation into gallium arsenide (GaAs) results in a thin shallow N-rich layer below the surface. However, the violent implantation process also modifies the concentrations of gallium and arsenide. The core of this thesis is a novel method for prediction of the band gap from the conditions in the processing plasma.<p>The first important variable, the number of implanted ions, is obtained from the Lieberman model for the current during high-voltage Plasma Ion Implantation (PII). A review of the model's assumptions is provided as well as a comprehensive discussion of the implantation which includes error boundaries. The predicted and measured ion currents agree within error boundaries. The number of implanted ions can therefore be obtained from the prediction.<p>The distribution of the implanted ions was subsequently explored by simulations such as TRIM and TRIDYN. It was found that the nitrogen content in GaAs is limited by the sputtering of the surface atoms. Furthermore, the content of gallium increases near the surface while the content of arsenic decreases. The predicted ratios of the constituents in the implanted layer is such that the alloy cannot form by ion implantation alone; it could be reconciled by annealing.<p>Preliminary samples were produced and tested for the formation of the GaAsN alloy by Raman spectroscopy. No evidence for bonds between N and either Ga or As was found in the as-implanted samples. The thesis concludes with a discussion of the necessary steps to synthesize the GaAsN alloy.
8

The promise of nitrogen plasma implanted gallium arsenide for band gap engineering

Risch, Marcel 31 March 2008 (has links)
This investigation examines band gap engineering of the GaAsN alloy by means of plasma ion implantation. The strong redshift of the alloy's band gap is suitable for telecommunication applications and thus stimulated much interest in recent years. Nitrogen (N) ion implantation into gallium arsenide (GaAs) results in a thin shallow N-rich layer below the surface. However, the violent implantation process also modifies the concentrations of gallium and arsenide. The core of this thesis is a novel method for prediction of the band gap from the conditions in the processing plasma.<p>The first important variable, the number of implanted ions, is obtained from the Lieberman model for the current during high-voltage Plasma Ion Implantation (PII). A review of the model's assumptions is provided as well as a comprehensive discussion of the implantation which includes error boundaries. The predicted and measured ion currents agree within error boundaries. The number of implanted ions can therefore be obtained from the prediction.<p>The distribution of the implanted ions was subsequently explored by simulations such as TRIM and TRIDYN. It was found that the nitrogen content in GaAs is limited by the sputtering of the surface atoms. Furthermore, the content of gallium increases near the surface while the content of arsenic decreases. The predicted ratios of the constituents in the implanted layer is such that the alloy cannot form by ion implantation alone; it could be reconciled by annealing.<p>Preliminary samples were produced and tested for the formation of the GaAsN alloy by Raman spectroscopy. No evidence for bonds between N and either Ga or As was found in the as-implanted samples. The thesis concludes with a discussion of the necessary steps to synthesize the GaAsN alloy.
9

Ultraschnelle optoelektronische und Materialeigenschaften von Stickstoff-haltigem GaAs

Sinning, Steffen 03 March 2006 (has links) (PDF)
This work summarizes properties of nitrogen containing GaAs, which are relevant for optoelectronic application and allow a deeper insight in the physics of this material. In the first part the dependence of the banggap energy of nitrogen implanted GaAs on several process parameters (implanted nitrogen concentration, implantation temperature, annealing duration and temperature) is investigated. The second part focuses on the relaxation dynamics of highly excited carriers. For this, the carrier relaxation dynamics in nitrogen implanted GaAs, in epitaxially grown GaAsN and in (pure) GaAs are investigated by means of pump probe measurements on a femtosecond time scale. The comparision of experimental results to calculated scattering rates leads to relevant informations of scattering mechanisms and electronic properties. / Diese Arbeit widmet sich Eigenschaften von Stickstoff-haltigem Gallium-Arsenid, die sowohl für das physikalische Verständnis als auch für optoelektronische Anwendungen dieses Materials relevant sind. Im ersten Teil dieser Arbeit wird die Abhängigkeit der Bandlücken-Energie von verschiedenen Prozess-Parametern (Stickstoffkonzentration, Implantationstemperatur, Ausheildauer und -temperatur) in Stickstoff-implantiertem GaAs untersucht. Der zweite Teil konzentriert sich auf die Relaxationsdynamik hoch angeregter Ladungsträger. Neben dem oben bereits angesprochenen Material wird in Anrege-Abfrage-Experimenten mit Femtosekunden-Zeitauflösung zusätzlich epitaktisch gewachsenes GaAsN und (Stickstoff-freies) GaAs untersucht. Die Berechnung der Streuraten und der Vergleich mit experimentell gewonnenen Daten liefert wesentliche Informationen über beteiligte Steumechanismen und elektronische Eigenschaften.
10

Ultraschnelle optoelektronische und Materialeigenschaften von Stickstoff-haltigem GaAs

Sinning, Steffen 04 January 2006 (has links)
This work summarizes properties of nitrogen containing GaAs, which are relevant for optoelectronic application and allow a deeper insight in the physics of this material. In the first part the dependence of the banggap energy of nitrogen implanted GaAs on several process parameters (implanted nitrogen concentration, implantation temperature, annealing duration and temperature) is investigated. The second part focuses on the relaxation dynamics of highly excited carriers. For this, the carrier relaxation dynamics in nitrogen implanted GaAs, in epitaxially grown GaAsN and in (pure) GaAs are investigated by means of pump probe measurements on a femtosecond time scale. The comparision of experimental results to calculated scattering rates leads to relevant informations of scattering mechanisms and electronic properties. / Diese Arbeit widmet sich Eigenschaften von Stickstoff-haltigem Gallium-Arsenid, die sowohl für das physikalische Verständnis als auch für optoelektronische Anwendungen dieses Materials relevant sind. Im ersten Teil dieser Arbeit wird die Abhängigkeit der Bandlücken-Energie von verschiedenen Prozess-Parametern (Stickstoffkonzentration, Implantationstemperatur, Ausheildauer und -temperatur) in Stickstoff-implantiertem GaAs untersucht. Der zweite Teil konzentriert sich auf die Relaxationsdynamik hoch angeregter Ladungsträger. Neben dem oben bereits angesprochenen Material wird in Anrege-Abfrage-Experimenten mit Femtosekunden-Zeitauflösung zusätzlich epitaktisch gewachsenes GaAsN und (Stickstoff-freies) GaAs untersucht. Die Berechnung der Streuraten und der Vergleich mit experimentell gewonnenen Daten liefert wesentliche Informationen über beteiligte Steumechanismen und elektronische Eigenschaften.

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