This thesis examines the fiction of the Columbian author Gabriel García Márquez, and focuses on hyperbole as a fundamental characteristic of Márquez's fiction. There is special interest in three aspects of his work: setting, people, and themes.

La mort, « phénomène de la vie » souligne Heidegger, attend l’homme de bien des manières, que García Márquez décline avec une attention significative. La psychologie humaine fait de ses circonstances un spectacle social avec ses rites compensatoires et incantatoires. Face à l’angoisse, l’écriture baroque de l’auteur se fait cathartique. Les aspirations post mortem des personnages marquéziens sont une projection de leur vie terrestre, selon l’analyse de Feuerbach. La plénitude de l’amour entre l’homme et la femme pourrait permettre d’entrevoir la félicité immortelle. Mais seul l’amour pour la justice et la dignité de l’être humain, suggère García Márquez, inscrit celui qui le met en œuvre dans la mémoire collective, faisant de lui un « athanatos ». / Heidegger states that death is « a life phenomenon » which awaits for man in many different ways. This is a significant and recurrent theme in Márquez's work. Human psychology reacts to circumstances, with a social show marked by its compensating and incantory rites. Faced with the fear of death, the baroque style of the writer takes on a cathartic nature. According to Feuerbach’s analysis, the post mortem yearnings of the Marquezian characters are a reflection of their life on earth. The fullness of love between a man and a woman may make it possible to envisage immortality. But García Márquez suggests that only a love for justice and for dignity of human beings, enables he who gives such love to be sustained in the collective memory, making him into an « athanatos ».

Submitted by Neusa Fagundes (neusa.fagundes@unioeste.br) on 2017-09-28T17:54:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Kaline_Cavalheiro2017.pdf: 870951 bytes, checksum: 2d0d5cb52f9316a09479b95045a9c009 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-28T17:54:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Kaline_Cavalheiro2017.pdf: 870951 bytes, checksum: 2d0d5cb52f9316a09479b95045a9c009 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-20 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The autobiographical and self-written studies constitute a branch of the field of language studies, literature and the arts that has been increasing in recent decades. This genre of writing allows authors to reflect on the experience of writing, to trigger individual and collective memories, and at the same time to reflect on the work itself and literature. Latin American literature has been a fertile field for research with this focus, such as the work of Gabriel Garcia Marquez. The production of this genre presents us with a literary context that encompasses both critical writing and creative writing, in the texts the authors merge different styles of writing, allowing a hybrid text to appear. Reflecting on autobiographical and self-writing, the present research explores these genres where the fictional and historical merge to the example of autobiography, memory, reports, reports, interviews that reveal the subject writer. We take here the work of G. G. Márquez with the focus on the analysis of his autobiography Viver Para Contar (2002). As a complement to our analysis, in the scope of fictional writing we have the works A incrível e triste história da Cândida Erêndira e sua avó desalmada (1972), Relato de um Náufrago (1970) and Crônica de uma Morte Anunciada (1981) that contemplate aspects of Autobiography, collective memory and explore the data from the Colombian context and history. The study of these texts allows us to verify how G. G. Márquez re-elaborates the historicity of his time in the fictional works. From the readings and analyzes, we carried out a reflection on the potential of the autobiographical or self-written, together with the fictional texts, to understand the Latin American historical context and the role of intellectuals who have lived the history of Latin American dictatorships and Who had to reinvent themselves and reelabor strategies of writing and the expression of thought. Our contribution with the present research is that in observing the writing process of G. G. Márquez, we verified that there is a fusion and why not to say juxtaposition between the categories author, character and narrator in the confluence between autobiography, memory and fiction, by what we call autowriting , Being precisely this way of narrating quite expressive in the work of G. G. Marquéz. The theme of this dissertation proposes to reflect on the imbricated relationship between history and literature in the author 's work, a fabric that reveals several layers of the real, imagined, official history and personal memory. It attempts to present the author not only as a constructor of the literary work, but as a constructor of a critical thinking articulating work, social life and contemporary cultural practices together with his hybrid writing that goes from the real to the imaginary, memorialistic, historical, critical , Among other genres that are approaching. In order to carry out this study we reflect on the theories of autobiographical constructions, starting from the definitions of Philippe Lejeune (2008), deepening this theoretical basis, we advance to other approaches, like Paul Ricoeur (2007), Diana Klinger (2012), among others. These theoretical approaches illuminate the corpus selected for this research, as the self-writing in the process of reworking personal memory and the movement of history and its context captured. / Os estudos autobiográficos e da escrita de si constituem-se em uma vertente do campo dos estudos da linguagem, da literatura e das artes cada vez mais crescente nas ultimas décadas. Este gênero de escrita permite aos autores refletirem sobre a experiência da escritura, acionarem memórias individuais e coletivas e ao mesmo tempo refletirem sobre a própria obra e sobre a literatura. A literatura latino americana tem sido um campo fértil para pesquisas com este foco, a exemplo da obra de Gabriel Garcia Márquez. A produção deste gênero nos apresenta um contexto literário que abrange ao mesmo tempo uma escrita crítica e uma escrita criativa, nos textos os autores fundem diferentes estilos de escritas deixando aparecer um texto híbrido. Refletindo sobre autobiográficos e da escrita de si, a presente pesquisa explora estes gêneros onde o ficcional e histórico se fundem a exemplo de autobiografia, memória, relatos, reportagens, entrevistas que revelam o sujeito escritor. Tomamos, aqui, a obra de G. G. Márquez com o foco na análise de sua autobiografia Viver Para Contar (2002). Como complemento para nossa análise, no âmbito da escrita ficcional temos as obras A incrível e triste história da Cândida Erêndira e sua avó desalmada (1972), Relato de um Náufrago (1970) e Crônica de uma Morte Anunciada (1981) que contemplam aspectos da autobiografia e da memória coletiva e captam dados da história e do contexto colombiano. O estudo destes textos nos permite verificar como G. G. Márquez reelabora a historicidade de seu tempo nas obras ficcionais. A partir das leituras e análises realizamos uma reflexão sobre a potencialidade da autobiográfica ou escrita de si, em conjunto com os textos ficcionais, para a compreensão do contexto histórico Latino Americano e sobre o papel dos intelectuais que vivenciaram a história das ditaduras latino-americanas e que tiveram que se reinventar e reelaborar estratégias de escrita e expressão do pensamento. Nossa contribuição com a presente pesquisa é que observado o processo de escritura de G. G. Márquez, verificamos que há uma fusão e por que não dizer justaposição entre as categorias autor, personagem e narrador na confluência entre autobiografia, memória e ficção, por isso denominamos de autoescrita, sendo, justamente este modo de narrar bastante expressivo na obra de G. G. Márquez. O tema da presente dissertação se propõe a refletir sobre a relação imbricada entre história e literatura na obra do autor, um tecido que revela diversas camadas do real, do imaginado, da história oficial e da memória pessoal. Intenta-se apresentar o autor não apenas como um construtor da obra literária, mas como construtor de um pensamento crítico articulando obra, vida social e práticas culturais contemporâneas em conjunto com sua escrita híbrida que vai do real, ao imaginário, memorialístico, histórico, critico, entre outros gêneros que se aproximam. Para realizar este estudo refletimos sobre as teorias de construções autobiográficas, partindo das definições de Philippe Lejeune (2008), aprofundando esta base teórica, avançamos para outras abordagens, a exemplo de Paul Ricoeur (2007), Diana Klinger (2012), entre outros. Estas abordagens teóricas iluminam o corpus selecionado para esta pesquisa, a exemplo das escritas de si no processo de reelaboração da memória pessoal e do movimento da história e seu contexto captados.

Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação Interdisciplinar em Estudos Latino-americanos da Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana, como requisito parcial à obtenção do título de Mestre em Estudos Latino- Americanos. Orientador: Prof. Dr. Bruno López Petzoldt. / Submitted by Luis Eduardo Pereira (l.edupereira@hotmail.com) on 2017-04-26T16:56:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação revisada FINAL.pdf: 2370088 bytes, checksum: 58526bd349803aebf251cf28cba29ce1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Nilson Junior (nilson.junior@unila.edu.br) on 2017-04-26T17:24:24Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação revisada FINAL.pdf: 2370088 bytes, checksum: 58526bd349803aebf251cf28cba29ce1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-26T17:24:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação revisada FINAL.pdf: 2370088 bytes, checksum: 58526bd349803aebf251cf28cba29ce1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-04-26 / The main object of study assumed in this paper are the media and semiotic dialogues of the relationship literature-cinema having cultural contexts as backround. From multiple factors and study models which include cinema, the aim is to analyze the movement of the creative process between the works "La increíble y triste historia de la cándida Eréndira y su abuela desalmada" (1972) by García Márquez and the film Eréndira (1983) by Ruy Guerra. In addition to looking after a relationship of analysis in which the film is only based on the story, it is sought to think how the cultural contexts of the artists and the potential representatives of the media resignify readings that are materialized by creating an interpenetration of the artistic discourses. Therefore, this paper strives to present cross-readings that make it possible to understand treatments of cultural issues in the story from the point of view of cinematographic resources and the same in reverse. / O objeto central de estudo assumido neste trabalho são os diálogos midiáticos e semióticos da relação cinema-literatura. Essa relação principal será observada tendo como pano de fundo representações ligadas ao imaginário cultural latino-americano. A partir de múltiplos fatores e modelos de estudo que incluem o cinema, busca-se analisar o movimento do processo criativo entre as obras “La increíble y triste historia de la cándida Eréndira y de su abuela desalmada” (1972), de García Márquez, e o filme Eréndira (1983), de Ruy Guerra. Para além de cuidar de uma relação de análise na qual o filme é apenas baseado no conto, busca-se pensar como os contextos culturais dos artistas e os potenciais representativos das mídias em jogo ressignificam leituras que se materializam criando uma interpenetração dos discursos artísticos. Portanto, o presente trabalho empenha-se em apresentar leituras cruzadas que possibilitam compreender o tratamento de questões culturais representadas no conto pelo ponto de vista dos recursos cinematográficos e o mesmo ao revés.

A partir des années 1960, la fiction hispano-américaine connaît un essor sans précédent, auquel la critique littéraire internationale a donné le nom très contesté de boom. Le principal problème de ce terme est qu’il renvoie à un phénomène touchant à la fois la production et la diffusion de la littérature hispano-américaine.Notre travail prose une relecture du phénomène à travers l’étude de la traduction et de la réception de Julio Cortázar, Carlos Fuentes, Gabriel García Márquez et Mario Vargas Llosa en France et aux Pays-Bas entre 1960 et 1973.En retraçant l’historique des premières traductions et en analysant le contexte éditorial dans lequel elles sont arrivées, nous montrons l’existence d’écarts profonds séparant les deux pays dans la traduction des quatre auteurs, n’illustrant pas toujours leur position théorique au sein de l’espace mondial de la traduction, et le rôle importants joués par certains intermédiaires culturels. Par le biais d’une étude de traduction et de réception, nous mettons aussi en évidence le rôle de médiation joué par les traducteurs et la critique littéraire entre les œuvres originales et le lecteur final dans les deux pays de référence. / Spanish-American fiction has been developing unprecedented from the 1960’s, what has been given the highly contested name of boom by international literary critics. The main problem of that term is that it refers to a phenomenon affecting both the production and distribution of Spanish-American literature.Our work is a reading of the phenomenon through the study of translation and reception of Julio Cortázar, Carlos Fuentes, Gabriel García Márquez and Mario Vargas Llosa in France and in the Netherlands between 1960 and 1973.In tracing the history of the early translations and analysis of the editorial context in which they arrived, we show the existence of profound differences between the two countries in the translation of the four authors, which do not illustrate their theoretical position in the world space of translation, and the important role played by certain cultural intermediaries. Through a study of translation and reception, we also highlight the mediating role played by translators and literary criticism between the original texts and the final reader in the two reference countries.

This bachelor thesis focuses on the Czech translations of four pieces of short prose by Gabriel García Márquez, an important Colombian writer, each by a different Czech translator. The initial theoretical part deals with the author's life, work and with how his works were received in the Czech territory. The second part focuses on stylistic analysis of the Spanish texts chosen for the purposes of this thesis. The results serve for a better commensurability of the methods of translation in the following chapter. That is also why special emphasis is put on those characteristics of the author's style, which repeat in more than one of the texts. The third and most important part of this thesis consists of translation analyses of the four Czech translations. The thesis will conclude with a comparison of the translation methods used in the Czech translations, focusing on their semantic accuracy, acceptability in the target language and their adequacy to the author's style as manifested in the original texts. Key words: Gabriel García Márquez, literary translation, translation analysis, Hana Posseltová, Vladimír Medek, Blanka Stárková, Lada Hazaiová

The purpose of this thesis is to examine the coexistence of time in Gabriel Garcfa Marquez's One Hundred Years of Solitude as a cause of the supernatural events, the hereditary memory, and the solitude and to examine the effects of this mythical time frame on character development, plot, narrative structure, and theme. The thesis is divided into five chapters. The first chapter introduces the parchments as creators of mythical time. The second, third, and fourth chapters investigate the effects of this unconventional time. Supernatural events, clairvoyance, and solitude are all examined as effects. The final chapter correlates the writing of the parchments with the writing of the novel and explains the effects of unconventional time on the reader. Thus, this thesis illustrates how the coexistence of time functions of two levels: the level of the parchments and the level of the novel.

En este estudio se analiza la función y uso de elementos o fenómenos naturales en las metáforas de la novela El coronel no tiene quien le escriba. Tomamos como punto de partida teorético la obra de Lakoff y Johnsson (1980) Metáforas de la vida cotidiana. Así mismo analizamos conceptos como la metáfora animal y semejanza. Para el análisis se usa el método de la hermenéutica donde se hace una interpretación analítica de algunas metáforas textuales y otras conceptuales encontradas en la obra. Como resultado se destacan dos funciones principales del uso de elementos de la naturaleza: expresión y sentido de sentimientos abstractos y semejanza. Se concluye este trabajo expresando las dificultades de esta investigación y proponiendo algunas ideas para una futura investigación en el tema.

Submitted by Noeme Timbo (noeme.timbo@metodista.br) on 2016-09-21T20:12:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Carlos Jose. O CRISTO AFOGADO.pdf: 2556420 bytes, checksum: d265a2ae013643cfbff4afd671ea3260 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-21T20:12:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carlos Jose. O CRISTO AFOGADO.pdf: 2556420 bytes, checksum: d265a2ae013643cfbff4afd671ea3260 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-11-13 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This dissertation seeks to deepen a crisis within theological liberation perspectives starting from postcolonial discourse. Liberation theology had promoted a profound revolution in third world theological studies since 1970. To continue this revolution we will read Gabriel Garcia Marquez “El ahogado más hermoso del mundo” (1968), analizing and assessing its cultural and political strategies. In order to accomplish this task we need to go beyond the secular/religious binary vision that divides the world into religious and non religious ideas/practices. We need a unified vision that comprehends the worldliness of those realities categorized as “religious” as well as those categorized as “non-religious”. Theology and Religious Studies, as the scientific discourse dealing with the economy of the exchange within world visions, practices and consciousness marked by a certain inherent mystery, have a fundamental roll in comprehending, evidencing, articulating and making available these cultural forces. The perception of existing symbols related to Jesus-Christ within this story gave us a path for the analyses, although we were not caught up within the disciplinary constraints implied in christological thinking. At the same time, there were no possibility of leaving untouched the imperial/colonial relation inherent to images and discourses on Jesus-Christ. We therefore build up a theoretical structure that could explicit the values, gestures and worldly horizons of GarcíaMárquez’s literary writing, being Christological or non Christological. We looked forward the destabilization of traditional frameworks of Theology and Religious Studies; destabilization of GarcíaMárquez writing as literature; and destabilization of the colonial/imperial geography which postulates the fictional realism of territories such us “Latin America”. We opened up a theoretical space that reads the story as a “non-christology”, displacing the disciplinary and classificatory imprisonment of the elements involved in the analysis. Critical works of Edward Said, Homi Bhabha and GayatrySpivak, as well as the critical works of Asian, African and Latin American feminist theologians shall enunciate the political emancipatory scenario that we will denominate theological secular criticism. / O objetivo dessa tese é aprofundar, a partir do discurso pós-colonial, uma crise na perspectiva teológica da libertação. Esta promoveu, na década de 1970, uma reviravolta nos estudos teológicos no terceiro mundo. Para tanto, leremos um conto de Gabriel García Márquez chamado “El ahogado más hermosodel mundo” (1968) analizando e avaliando as estratégias políticas e culturais ali inscritas. Para levar a frente tal avaliação é preciso ampliar o escopo de uma visão que divide o mundo em secular/religioso, ou em ideias/práticas religiosas e não religiosas, para dar passo a uma visão unificada que compreende a mundanalidade, tanto do que é catalogado como ‘religioso’ quanto do que se pretende ‘não religioso’. A teologia/ciências da religião, como discurso científico sobre a economia das trocas que lidam com visões, compreensões e práticas de mundo marcadas pelo reconhecimento do mistério que lhes é inerente, possuem um papel fundamental na compreensão, explicitação, articulação e disponibilização de tais forças culturais. A percepção de existirem elementos no conto que se relacionam com os símbolos sobre Jesus/Cristo nos ofereceu um vetor de análise; entretanto, não nos deixamos limitar pelos grilhões disciplinares que essa simbologia implica. Ao mesmo tempo, esse vínculo, compreendido desde a relação imperial/colonial inerente aos discursos e imagens sobre Jesus-Cristo, embora sem centralizar a análise, não poderia ficar intocado. Partimos para a construção de uma estrutura teórica que explicitasse os valores, gestos, e horizontes mundanos do conto, cristológicos e não-cristológicos, contribuindo assim para uma desestabilização dos quadros tradicionais a partir dos quais se concebem a teologia e as ciências da religião, a obra de García Márquez como literatura, e a geografia imperial/colonial que postula o realismo ficcional de territórios como “América Latina”. Abrimos, assim, um espaço de significação que lê o conto como uma “não-cristologia”, deslocando o aprisionamento disciplinar e classificatório dos elementos envolvidos na análise. O discurso crítico de Edward Said, Homi Bhabha e GayatriSpivak soma-se à prática teórica de teólogas críticas feministas da Ásia, da África e da América Latina para formular o cenário político emancipatório que denominaremos teologia crítica secular.

The aim of this diploma thesis is to point out how personal experience and memories on the drug violence that was common in Colombia during 80's - 90's reflect in the novelistic works of a few contemporary Colombian writers. The thesis is based on the following five novels: Noticia de un secuestro (Gabriel García Márquez), El olvido que seremos (Hector Abad Faciolince), El ruido de las cosas al caer, Reputaciones (Juan Gabriel Vásquez) a La luz difícil (Tomás González). Aforementioned books were published after the year 2000 (Noticia de un secuestro makes an exception), thus they come from the writers that represent same generation. Almost all of the analyzed books are connected with the topic of terrorism of drug mafia and they take interest in the life of ordinary people. By analyzing novels, the thesis tries to point out also another topics, such as death or power of the fame and public opinion in the country. In each novel are analyzed also autobiographical features, language style and the process of the creation of the text. The last chapter contains memories and opinions of ten Colombian respondents which we can compare with the memories of the writers. Thanks to these opinions we can imagine not only the past of Colombia but partly also her current state. Key words: contemporary Colombian...