Title: Effect of the range of the shoulder joint rotation in volleyball players on the development of functional changes. Objectives: The aim of this thesis is to confirm the presence of the glenohumeral internal rotation deficit in beach volleyball players and to determine whether it affects the development of functional changes of the shoulder joint located in the dominant upper limb. Methods: The thesis was a quantitative study with the character of an experiment. There were 60 active volleyball players aged 18-30 years who were deliberately selected for the purposes of the study. The essence was to ascertain whether GIRD affects the pain in the shoulder joint of volleyball players and whether it was deemed positive for all participants of the study. In order to examine the range of motion, the goniometer in the external and internal rotation according to Janda and Pavla, Janda and Sachse was used, as well as hypermobility tests and a shoulder joint pain questionnaire. The statistical data processing was performed by Microsoft Excel 2010. The sum and average functions were used. Subsequently, graphs and tables were created from the results Results: The established hypotheses were confirmed in two cases. GIRD is determined positive for beach volleyball players. From the results of hypermobility...

Author: Bc. Jan Vocásek Thesis title: Analysis of the shoulder girdle injury and therapy of overhead athletes in Czech republic Cíl: The aim of the thesis was to create a literal research for the shoulder girdle injuries of overhead athletes, theoretically to write the anatomical and kinesiological characteristics of the shoulder girdle, to analyze the biomechanics, injury mechanisms in individual overhead sports, rehabilitation treatment and to find out how frequent the injuries of athletes in the Czech Republic follow-up treatment varies from abroad. Methods: For the purpose of this research was established a non-standardized questionnaire, based on literature studied and research questions, and then was distributed to 6 selected physicians dealing with this issue in the Czech Republic, who anonymously filled out questions regarding the shoulder joint injury based on their own clinical experiences. Results: Four of the six hypotheses were confirmed from the data obtained. The number of patients with shoulder girdle injuries in overhead sports in the Czech Republic has risen year- on-year and the most common injury is SLAP lesion. It has also been confirmed that the most common injury is caused by ball overhead sports and on the dominant upper limb. Key words: shoulder girdle, overhead sports,...

INTRODUÇÃO: As distrofias musculares progressivas e a amiotrofia espinhal progressiva (AEP) são doenças neuromusculares (DNM) caracterizadas pela degeneração irreversível das fibras musculares, a qual leva à fraqueza muscular e à incapacidade motora. Qualidade de Vida Relacionada à Saúde (QVRS) inclui subjetividade, multidimensionalidade, aspectos negativos e positivos diante da percepção e da expectativa individual de vida; sofre influência cultural. JUSTIFICATIVA: A avaliação da QVRS é essencial para definir a resposta ao tratamento multidisciplinar ou efetivo do paciente com DNM e para sinalizar medidas destinadas a incrementar o sucesso terapêutico. OBJETIVOS: Validar os questionários Life Satisfaction Índex for Adolescents (LSI-A) versão pais e versão paciente e Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Duchenne (PedsQL DMD) versão pais e versão paciente para o português; avaliar a QVRS dos pacientes com distrofia muscular de Duchenne (DMD), amiotrofia espinhal progressiva (AEP) ou distrofia muscular de cinturas (DMC); avaliar a QV familiar e da mãe/cuidadora. METODOLOGIA: Os questionários LSI-A e PedsQL DMD foram validados obedecendo às etapas de adaptação cultural e validação. Após validação, o questionário LSI-A foi aplicado a pacientes com DMD, AEP ou DMC; o PedsQL Duchenne foi aplicado aos pacientes com DMD e o PedsQL NM a pacientes com AEP ou DMC. Os pais dos pacientes responderam ao FQoL e as mães/cuidadoras ao WHOQOL-Bref. Para cálculo estatístico utilizaram-se: testes alfa de Cronbach, CIC, Pearson, Curva ROC para a validação, e Mann Whitney, Friedman e Dunn para a aplicação. RESULTADOS: Quanto à validação: Probe final do LSI-A versão pais, 97% e versão paciente, 95%; PesdQL DMD versão pais, 99% e versão paciente, 97%, sinalizando compreensão excelente; o teste ? de Cronbach no LSI-A versão pais e paciente, respectivamente, obteve escore geral 0.87 e 0.89; no PesdsQL versão pais e versão paciente, respectivamente, escore geral 0.87 e 0.84. Em ambos foi evidenciado alta confiabilidade dos itens. Quanto à aplicação do LSI-A versão pais e pacientes para avaliação da QVRS, quando comparada aos controles, houve maior número de domínios significantes em pacientes com DMD, AEP ou DMC, nesta ordem. A QVRS mediante aplicação do questionário PedsQL módulo DMD e NM obedeceu a esta mesma sequência. CONCLUSÕES: Conforme os dados psicométricos, os questionários são válidos para serem aplicados a pacientes com DNM e respectivos pais, como segue: LSI-A versão pais e versão paciente a pacientes com DMD, AEP e DMC e respectivos pais, e PedsQL 3.0 Duchenne versão pais e paciente a pacientes com DMD e respectivos pais. A QVRS apresentou-se mais satisfatória nos pacientes com DMC, seguidos pelos pacientes com AEP tipo II e III e, por último, pelos pacientes com DMD. A QV da família apresentou-se reduzida quanto aos aspectos relativos ao bem estar material, particularmente no caso das famílias dos pacientes com DMD. A QV das mães/cuidadoras, decresceu conforme o aumento da idade dos pacientes, quanto aos aspectos psicológicos, sociais e ambientais, em especial a das mães/cuidadoras dos pacientes com AEP / INTRODUCTION: Progressive muscular dystrophies and spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) are neuromuscular diseases (NMD) characterized by irreversible degeneration of muscle fibers which leads to muscle weakness and motor disability. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) includes subjectivity, multidimensionality, negative and positive aspects on the perception and individual life expectancy; in addition, it suffers cultural influences. BACKGROUND: The assessment of HRQoL is essential to define the response to the multidisciplinary or effective treatment of patients with NMD and to indicate measures to increase the therapeutic success. OBJECTIVES: to validate to the Portuguese the following HRQoL instruments for patients with NMD: Life Satisfaction Index for Adolescents (LSI-A) and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Duchenne (PedsQL Duchenne); to evaluate the HRQoL of patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) or limb girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD), and to assess the family and caregiver QoL. METHODOLOGY: The LSI-A and PedsQL Duchenne questionnaires were validated obeying the stages of cultural adaptation and validation. After validation, the LSI-A questionnaire was administered to patients with DMD, SMA or LGMD, the PedsQL Duchenne to patients with DMD, and the PedsQL NM to patients with SMA or LGMD. Parents of patients responded to FQoL and mothers/caregiver to WHOQOL-Bref. For statistical calculations were used: ? test Cronbach, CIC, Pearson, ROC curve for validation, and Mann Whitney, Friedman and Dunn for the application. RESULTS: Validation: the final \"Probe\" of the LSI-A parents version was 97% and patient version, 95%; PesdQL DMD parents version, 99% and patient version, 97%, indicating excellent comprehension; Cronbach\'s alfa test at LSI-A parents and patients version, respectively, achieved overall score 0.87 and 0.89; at PesdsQL parents and patient version, respectively, were obtained overall score 0.87 and 0.84. At both it was demonstrated high reliability of the items. At the application of LSI-A parents and patients version to measure HRQoL compared to controls, there was a greater number of significant dominions in DMD, SMA and LGMD, in that order. The PedsQL DMD module and NM followed the same sequence. CONCLUSIONS: According with the psychometric data, questionnaires are valid to be applied to parents and patients with NMD, as follows: LSI-A to parents and patients with DMD, SMA and LGMD, and PedsQL 3.0 Duchenne to patients with DMD and parents. The HRQL was more satisfactory in patients with LGMD, followed by patients with SMA and, finally, by DMD patients. The family QOL presented reduction of the aspects concerning material well-being, particularly for families of patients with DMD. The QoL of mothers decreased with the increase of the patients\' age, concerning the psychological, social and environmental aspects, in particular for the mothers of patients with SMA

Women can face a wide range of pelvic floor dysfunctions following pregnancy, ranging from urinary incontinence to pelvic pain. Unfortunately, these problems are not routinely checked for in postpartum check-ups and women do not always bring it to the physician’s attention. Strengthening of the pelvic floor muscles may be able to help women prevent these disorders and improve these women’s lifestyles. The purpose of this thesis was to review and analyze different trials to determine if different pelvic floor dysfunctions (urinary incontinence, sexual dysfunction, and pelvic girdle pain) can be treated using pelvic floor muscle training in the postpartum. After reviewing the literature, it was determined that Pelvic floor muscle training may be effective in treating Urinary incontinence, but there is a lack of research to state that it helps treat sexual dysfunction and pelvic pain. Pelvic floor muscle training is a conservative non-invasive treatment and very simple for women to do on their own, therefore more research should be performed to see if this can be a simple fix to a plethora of problems women face in the postpartum.

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Thesis title: Effect of targeted training of the lower scapular fixators on the shoulder girdle function of rugby players The concept of the problem: Rugby is one of the toughest ball sports and there is no shortage of injuries. In addition, injuries in the shoulder area are among the most common and any possibility of reducing these injuries is beneficial. There is not much time left for compensation and targeted intervention; moreover, it is not usually led by physiotherapists but by fitness coaches and only in larger clubs. The consequence is a muscle imbalance in the shoulder girdle, which can result in the so-called scapular dyskinesis. This is turn affects the function and stability of the shoulder joint not only by the overhead athletes. It is possible to influence scapular dyskinesis in various ways. One of them is the inclusion of targeted training of lower scapular fixators into fitness training and thus their stability is improved. Objectives: The main aim of this thesis is to verify whether rugby players with painful shoulder have sufficiently scapular fixation based on kinesiological and biomechanical knowledge. Another aim of this thesis is to create such an exercise unit that would ensure the correct activity of the lower scapular fixators and verify this by measurement. The final...

Title: Methods of secondary prevention of the pelvic floor after childbirth Objectives: This is a theoretical work with a descriptive-analytical part. It includes an analysis of the literature from available sources, an analysis of active approaches in the secondary prevention of the pelvic floor and the creation exercise unit for further research. Methods: Literature analysis including processing of information from available sources. Results: Handbook of pelvic floor training with methodical descriptions. Keywords: Pelvic girdle, pregnancy, gynecological weaknesses after childbirth, incontinence, pelvic organ prolapse, sexual dysfunction, pelvic floor examination, Arnold Kegel method, Ludmila Mojžíšová method, Alexander method, Feldenkrais method, Cantienica, exercise unit

Körperliche Aktivität während der Schwangerschaft wirkt sich positiv auf die Gesundheit von Mutter und Kind aus. Trotzdem werden Schwangere häufig gewarnt, sich aufgrund der abnehmenden Muskelkraft, den nachgiebigeren Bändern und Sehnen sowie der verschlechterten Stabilität beim Sport verletzen zu können. Um Verletzungen während der Schwangerschaft vorbeugen zu können, wird in dieser Arbeit erstmalig der Einfluss von Schwangerschaft auf den Muskel-Sehnen-Komplex der unteren Extremitäten untersucht. Weiterhin werden der Effekt auf das statische Gleichgewicht und der Einsatz eines Schwangerschaftsgurtes als potentielle Präventionsmaßnahme gegen Sturzunfälle überprüft. Zur Untersuchung des Muskel-Sehnen-Komplexes wurde die Morphologie des m. vastus lateralis, die Muskelkraft der Knieextensoren und die Eigenschaften der Patellasehne am Anfang und am Ende der Schwangerschaft sowie ein halbes Jahr nach der Entbindung mittels Ultraschall und Dynamometrie analysiert. Das Gleichgewicht wurde anhand der Grenzen der Stabilität nach anterior und posterior und anhand des Körperschwankens im ruhigen Stand auf einer Kraftmessplatte bei Schwangeren in den unterschiedlichen Schwangerschaftstrimestern und bei Nicht-Schwangeren mit und ohne Schwangerschaftsgurt beurteilt. Diese Arbeit liefert relevante Erkenntnisse, die für die Beurteilung des Verletzungsrisikos von Schwangeren und für die Entwicklung geeigneter präventiver Maßnahmen nützlich sind. Es wurde zum wiederholten Male bestätigt, dass Schwangerschaft zu einer Verschlechterung der posturalen Stabilität führt. Ein Schwangerschaftsgurt stellt jedoch keine geeignete Methode zur Verbesserung der Stabilität dar. Während Muskelmorphologie und Sehnensteifigkeit keinen negativen Einfluss zeigen, könnte die zunehmende Sehnenruhelänge zu einer vergrößerten Gelenkbeweglichkeit beitragen und das Risiko für Verletzungen und Stürze erhöhen. / Physical activity during pregnancy has beneficial effects on maternal and fetal health. However, pregnant women are frequently cautioned when exercising since a loss in muscle strength, an increased compliance of ligaments and tendons as well as impairments in postural stability are assumed to lead to injuries in pregnant women. This thesis investigates for the first time the effect of pregnancy on the muscle-tendon unit of the lower extremities for the prevention of injuries during pregnancy. Furthermore, this thesis analyzes the effect of pregnancy on static postural stability and examines whether a maternity support belt is an appropriate method for fall prevention in pregnant women. To investigate the muscle-tendon unit, the morphology of the vastus lateralis muscle, muscle strength of the knee extensors and the properties of the patellar tendon were analyzed in the early and late stage of pregnancy as well as six months after delivery by means of ultrasound and dynamometry. Balance ability was assessed determining the limits of stability in the anterior and posterior directions and the postural sway during motionless upright standing on a force plate in pregnant women in different trimesters of pregnancy and in non-pregnant women with and without maternity support belt. This thesis provides relevant evidence for the assessment of the risk of injury in pregnant women and the development of appropriate prevention strategies. It confirmed that pregnancy is accompanied by impaired postural stability. However, a maternity support belt is not an appropriate method to improve stability. While muscle morphology and tendon stiffness were not negatively affected during pregnancy, the increase in tendon rest length might contribute to an increased joint mobility that may increase the fall and injury risk.