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41	Porozumění konceptu 'Společenské odpovědnosti firem' - univerzální vs. regionální úroveň v Jižní Americe / Understanding of the concept 'Corporate Social Responsibility' - universal vs. regional level in South America Pavlovičová, Natália January 2019 (has links) This master thesis elaborates on the question whether there is a difference in the understanding of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) on the universal level and on the regional level in South America. It is built upon the dichotomy of the recent movement in the CSR field that seeks to answer both emerging transnational challenges in a coordinated way while delivering a significant impact on the local level. The analysis is performed using the method of content analysis. Two major aspects of CSR are analyzed - the way the nature of CSR is defined and the prominence of the issues that CSR should address. Based on the results of the content analysis, we identify major trends in the understanding of CSR on both levels and determine the scope of the difference between them. Regarding the differences, we find one common denominator that is dominant on both levels - institutions and governance. In other categories we observe a high variability of the prominence across analysed levels. The important trends revealed in the thesis is a high penetration of South America with foreign CSR institutions and a significant impact of a membership in a global CSR organization on how CSR is communicated by a member organization on the regional level.
42	Colonial continuities and their influence on knowledge production on the migration and climate change nexus : A policy analysis of the Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration Ziegler, Agnes January 2022 (has links) Climate change is one of the greatest challenges currectly facing humanity. Its impacts lead to the displacement of people through sea level rise, desertification, drought, flood and other ecological disaster. The global imbalance of power results in people being unequally affected by climate change. This power imbalance affects the policy-making of intergovernmental institutions and knowledge production in policy processes. This thesis conducts a policy analysis to elaborate colonial continuities that influence knowledge production on migration and climate change. Therefore, the Global Compact for Safe, Orderly, and Regular Migration (GCM) is examined. The theoretical framework of the thesis draws on knowledge and power, modernity/coloniality, and racial capitalism. Findings suggest that the influences of colonial continuities on knowledge production about climate change and migration are reflected in underlying colonial epistemological and ontological assumptions, power structures and the hegemonic discourse. Alternative knowledges, such as those contributed by civil society actors are side-lined during the process and not included in the final document. The GCM does not consider the link between environmental change and racial capitalism or colonial power imbalance, but looks at only one of the adaptation strategies and presents it as a problem: human migration. Instead of addressing the root of the problem and holding polluting countries accountable for their inaction, the GCM focuses on migration control. Global Compact for Safe Orderly and Regular Migration climate change and migration knowledge modernity/coloniality racial capitalism policy-making intergovernmental institutions Social Sciences Samhällsvetenskap Climate Research Klimatforskning
43	Transnational Corporations and Human Rights : Assessing the position of TNCs within international human rights law, and the appropriateness of an international treaty on business and human rights Söderlund, Erik January 2018 (has links) Transnational corporations are playing an important role in the global economy of today. Many of these corporations have great economic resources and have the possibility of contributing to the development of societies in developing states. At the same time, in their search for profit, the activities of TNCs have proven fatal to some of the individuals employed by them, or otherwise in contact with their activities. Within the international legal framework, corporations are not traditionally treated as subjects and if a TNC allocates its production to a state with lax human rights protection, no binding international standards exist to regulate the conduct of the corporation. In my thesis I will assess the position of TNCs under the present core human rights instruments and soft law initiatives. I will also analyze a draft treaty text produced by the Intergovernmental Working Group on Business and Human Rights, released in July 2018, to reach a conclusion on whether such an instrument would affect the international legal status of TNCs and provide a more robust protection of international human rights. Human rights corporation corporations transnational corporation transnational corporations business businesses TNC TNCs treaty law draft treaty intergovernmental woking group United Nations Bhopal Rana Plaza international law Ruggie John Ruggie Ruggie pricniples pillar labour labour law labour rights CSR Corporate social responsibility guiding principles UN global compact global compact ILO jus cogens customary law OECD ICCPR ICESCR state-centrism Bilateral investment treaty ILC WTO World trade organization International law commission legal personality företag mänskliga rättigheter traktat traktaträtt juridisk person folkrätt internationell rätt FN Förenta Nationerna Ruggie Jhon Ruggie Arbetsrätt Globala målen företagspolicy Amnesty International Human Rights Watch Law (excluding Law and Society)
44	Construction, diffusion et effectivité des standards transnationaux en matière de responsabilité sociale des entreprises Stamm, Christoph B. 08 1900 (has links) No description available. travail institutionnel création institutionnelle légitimation institutionnalisation diffusion standardisation responsabilité sociale des entreprises régulation transnationale ISO 26000 transition écologique Pacte mondial de l'ONU post-croissance institutional work institutional creation legitimation institutionalization standardization corporate social responsibility transnational regulation ecological transition UN Global Compact postgrowth transnational governance gouvernance transnationale prospective environmental reform réforme environnementale RSE CSR
45	HUMAN RIGHTS AND LABOUR RIGHTS OBLIGATIONS OF MULTINATIONAL COMPANIES. PERSPECTIVES ON PRIVATE MILITARY AND SECURITY COMPANIES MARICONDA, CLAUDIA GABRIELLA 06 April 2016 (has links) Lo studio si inserisce nel dibattito sul potere delle multinazionali e il rispetto dei diritti umani fondamentali e approfondisce i concetti di responsabilità sociale delle imprese (CSR) e della loro "accountability", inquadrando l'analisi nel contesto più ampio degli investimenti esteri diretti (FDI), con i relativi aspetti economici, tecnologici e sociali, nonché ambientali e politici. Si analizzano le norme internazionali in tema di rispetto dei diritti umani da parte delle aziende, ed i meccanismi legali per rendere le società "accountable", soprattutto in caso di complicità aziendali negli abusi perpetrati dagli Stati, anche attraverso la giurisprudenza dei tribunali penali internazionali e dei tribunali statunitensi. Viene data attenzione al settore della sicurezza, i.e. "Private Military and Security Companies" (PMSCs, interessato da notevole crescita negli ultimi decenni. Le PMSCs, impiegate da parte dei governi che esternalizzano una funzione tipicamente dello stato e da imprese e ONG attive in contesti difficili, hanno operato senza adeguato controllo. Le loro attività sollevano questioni su potenziali abusi dei diritti umani commessi dai propri dipendenti oltre che su violazioni dei diritti del lavoro subite dagli stessi. Le azioni ONU per portare le PMSCs fuori dalla 'zona legale grigia' in cui hanno operato vengono trattate insieme alle iniziative di autoregolamentazione. / The study, given the debate about the increasing power of corporations and the attempts to ensure their respect of fundamental human rights, deepens the concepts of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and corporate accountability, framing the analysis within the broader discourse of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), with its economic, technological and social aspects as well as environmental and political issues. International standards in the area of corporations’ human rights obligations are analyzed in addition to legal mechanisms to hold corporations accountable, particularly for corporate complicity in human rights abuses by States, through the jurisprudence of international criminal tribunals and U.S. Courts. Special attention is given to the security sector, i.e. Private Military and Security Companies (PMSCs), interested in the last decades by a steady growth. PMSCs, increasingly contracted by governments willing to outsource a typical state function and by companies and NGOs active in difficult contexts, have been operating without proper supervision and accountability. PMSCs activities raise issues concerning potential human rights violations committed by their employees and labour rights abuses their employees might suffer themselves. UN actions aimed at bringing PMSCs out of the legal ‘grey zone’ where they have been operating are tackled alongside with self-regulatory initiatives. IUS/13: DIRITTO INTERNAZIONALE IUS/07: DIRITTO DEL LAVORO

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