As world population grows, so does the demand for resources exploitation and transformation. This, in turn, has an effect in the increase of the related wastes. Facing these challenges by designing and developing sustainable products and supply chains, processes, operations, and management is becoming increasingly important. From a business point of view, optimization of operational processes and resource management is expected to provide sustainability from economic and environmental perspectives. Often, Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) do not have enough knowledge or resources to measure their performance. This thesis investigates which are the most common measurement performance systems to assess separate operational and environmental assessments seeking to develop a combined approach for SMEs. Literature review revealed that SCOR model from an operational perspective, and LCA from an environmental point of view, are the most accepted methodologies for performance measurement.  The aim of this research is to understand the complementariness, benefits, limitations, and challenges of a combined methodology that includes also SustainableSCOR. SustainableSCOR is an application of SCOR model that integrates the efficiency of resources and emissions management. A combined methodology is developed and explained with a qualitative case study for the food industry. As outcome, a structured and flexible approach is presented. This combined approach allows a company to measure the efficiency of its operations and resources managements and wastes throughout a product lifecycle in a sequential manner. Moreover, the company can understand the potential environmental impact of the operational and resources management from a cradle-to-gate approach, breaking down all operations involved into different levels of detail. Although some limitations arise, the combined methodology is of benefit for many types of supply chains and triggers further research to include Life Cycle Costing (LCC) and Social Life Cycle (S- LCA) for a more comprehensive analysis of the Triple Bottom Line (TBL). / I takt med att världens befolkning växer ökar också efterfrågan på resursexploatering och omvandling. Detta har i sin tur en effekt i ökningen av det relaterade avfallet. Att möta dessa utmaningar genom att designa och utveckla hållbara produkter och försörjningskedjor, processer, verksamhet och ledning blir allt viktigare. Ur affärsmässig synvinkel förväntas optimering av operativa processer och resurshantering ge hållbarhet ur ekonomiskt och miljömässigt perspektiv. Ofta har små och medelstora företag (SMF) inte tillräckligt med kunskap eller resurser för att mäta sina resultat. Denna avhandling undersöker vilka som är de vanligaste mätprestandasystemen för att bedöma separata drifts- och miljöbedömningar i syfte att utveckla ett kombinerat tillvägagångssätt för små och medelstora företag. Litteraturgenomgång visade att SCOR-modellen ur ett operativt perspektiv, och LCA ur miljösynpunkt, är de mest accepterade metoderna för prestationsmätning.  Syftet med denna forskning är att förstå komplementariteten, fördelarna, begränsningarna och utmaningarna med en kombinerad metodik som även inkluderar SustainableSCOR. SustainableSCOR är en tillämpning av SCOR-modellen som integrerar effektiviteten av resurser och utsläppshantering. En kombinerad metodik utvecklas och förklaras med en kvalitativ fallstudie för livsmedelsindustrin. Som resultat presenteras ett strukturerat och flexibelt förhållningssätt. Detta kombinerade tillvägagångssätt gör att ett företag kan mäta effektiviteten i sin verksamhet och resurshantering och slöseri under en produktlivscykel på ett sekventiellt sätt. Dessutom kan företaget förstå den potentiella miljöpåverkan av drift- och resurshantering från en vagga-till-grind- metod, som bryter ner alla inblandade verksamheter i olika detaljnivåer. Även om vissa begränsningar uppstår, är den kombinerade metoden till nytta för många typer av försörjningskedjor och utlöser ytterligare forskning för att inkludera livscykelkostnad (LCC) och Social Life Cycle (S-LCA) för en mer omfattande analys av den tredubbla bottenlinjen (TBL).

Yes / This research aims to design a green Pharmaceutical Supply Chain (PSC ) that reduces preventable pharmaceutical waste and effectively disposes of inevitable pharmaceutical waste. The main output of this study is the formulation of an integrated green PSC model involving all critical stakeholders, leading to improved environmental, economic and safety performance in medication management and delivery. The research is based on literature and on secondary resources. To green the PSC, every producer of waste is duty bound to facilitate the safe handling and disposal of waste. A Cross boundary Green PSC (XGPSC) approach is proposed to identify participants’ contribution to the PSC. Peripheral influences are also recognised from professional and regulatory bodies. This study focuses solely on community PSC in the UK where patients receive medication from local community pharmacies and thus may be limited. The proposed XGPSC approach also needs to be tested and validated in practice. It may also be difficult to transfer some of the environmental practices proposed in this research into practice. The environmental practices and actions proposed provide invaluable insight into various PSC activities, including purchasing, product design, prescription patterns and processes, medication use review, and customer relationship management. The proposed environmental actions encourage firm commitment from everyone to reduce, recycle or effectively dispose of pharmaceutical waste, with patients becoming stewards of medication rather than only consumers. A cross boundary approach is developed to green the PSC, and it encourages total involvement and collaboration from all participants in PSC.

Until recently, the concept of green logistics has been disregarded by various logistics and transport companies in South Africa. The study on which this dissertation is based explored the green logistics practices that these companies are currently implementing in terms of the key drivers, benefits and barriers. A quantitative research approach was followed, were a survey (Lime) served as the primary research instrument. A census was conducted among 160 companies in Gauteng. The results of the study revealed a significant difference between SMEs (<200) and large (200 and above) companies with regard to their importance rating on green logistics practices. To achieve the primary objective of the study, a framework in green logistics was drafted for SMEs and large companies in South Africa, which outlined practices and opportunities companies can implement in their own businesses to benefit from ‘going green’. The usefulness of the latter mentioned guidelines needs to be tested in future research. / Public Administration and Management / M.. Com. (Logistics Management)

在全球化的經濟蓬勃發展下，環保事件層出不窮，地球環境遭受重大破壞，各種環保議題引起國際矚目與熱烈討論。歐洲議會在2003年初公布了針對十項電機電子設備的兩個環保相關規範，分別是歐盟電機電子設備有害物質限制使用指令(RoHS)與歐盟電機電子設備廢棄物指令（WEEE），另外，歐盟能源使用產品生態化設計指令（EuP）也已在2005年8月11日公布，這些指令對相關產業的營運與發展將造成重大衝擊，其影響深遠供應鏈上下游成員無一倖免。 產業界為因應此一環保規範限制，將環境因素納入到傳統供應鏈管理當中，而形成了所謂「綠色供應鏈管理」的熱門議題。其主要差異乃是後者將生命週期思維融入產品設計、製造、使用與最終的廢棄回收處理的整個範疇。 本研究嘗試由資訊製造業的個案公司實際發展綠色供應鏈的過程中，以個案分析的方式收集其產品發展流程的各種資料，包括綠色設計、綠色採購、綠色供應商評鑑與稽核、綠色資訊平台建置等，並予以整理分析，建立個案公司的綠色供應鏈管理策略架構與協同運作模式。 本研究結果顯示綠色供應鏈管理策略的核心是「源頭管理」，源頭管理落實之後，加上其所衍生出來的綠色供應商評鑑與稽核、綠色產品管理系統、綠色資訊整合等各項活動，始能達到符合環保規範的目標，做到完整的風險控管，讓企業穩健發展。同時，本研究也顯示，建立協同設計機制及PDM資訊平台可以有效分析處理供應鏈上下成員間流通的資料，譬如，原物料、零組件等源頭綠色資料被有效地整合於綠色資訊平台，企業因應環保法規落實到資訊管理裡，營運風險因而獲得保障。 / Accompanying the vigorous economic development, the environment of the earth has been impacted tremendously. There are so many environmental issues that occurred in past decades turning into hot topics among nations. European Parliament published RoHS, and WEEE Directives in early 2003 that mandate ten categories of electric and electronic equipments to be restricted in the use of hazardous substances and wastes disposal respectively. Also, the setting of ecodesign requirement for Energy-Using Products newly announced in August of 2005. All the three mandatory EU Directives has definitely influenced significantly the foregoing development of the related industries. To react to the environmental regulations, the industries try to put environmental element into conventional Supply Chain Management, SCM. Thus, come out with Green SCM. The key differences are the latter mingling life cycle thought through out the whole scope of product life span. This research attempt to establish a collaborative structure and strategy for Green Supply Chain Management, by means of analyzing the information collected from the real developing process, including green design, green procurement, green suppliers’ appraisal, building up green information platform, of an information manufacturing firm. The research revealed that the core strategy of Green SCM is “Source Management”. Only if source management has fully implemented at the site of raw materials and component manufacturers, the environmental regulations can compliant thoroughly. Thus, the risk management is well controlled, so that the firm would operate soundly. Meanwhile, the research also showed that building up collaborative mechanism to link with PDM platform may process effectively the flowing data between the parties of supply chain. As a result, the restricted hazardous substances data of raw material and components are integrated into the green information platform and well managed. The operation risk of enterprise would be secured because of the entire implementation of information management for the environment regulations.

Made available in DSpace on 2010-04-20T20:15:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 61080100066.pdf: 1081236 bytes, checksum: b3a0ff32bf2aa84a9c349bd4092963c9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-12-17T00:00:00Z / Ao longo da década de 1990, uma grande sensibilização com as mudanças climáticas, a depreciação de recursos naturais e a geração de desperdícios redirecionaram as questões ambientais da periferia à linha de frente da gestão empresarial. Decorrente desta sensibilização é possível citar algumas das práticas mais utilizadas pelas indústrias no processo de esverdeamento de sua produção: Produção Mais Limpa, Produção Enxuta, Eco-Eficiência e Gestão da Qualidade Total Ambiental. Neste trabalho pretende-se focar a Produção Mais Limpa (P+L) no processo de esverdeamento da produção da cadeia que será objeto de estudo: a cadeia de suprimentos de artefatos de couro, devido à grande geração de resíduos (sólidos, líquidos e gasosos) que ocorrem durante o processo de transformação do couro. Tal pesquisa se justifica pelo fato da não existência de estudos que propiciem uma identificação do estágio de adoção das práticas de P+L nesta cadeia e a contribuição que os resultados relativos ao estudo da P+L podem trazer aos grupos de interesse (parceiros, sociedade, pesquisadores, entre outros). Além disso, grande parte das pesquisas se propõe a estudar a indústria calçadista apenas e não os artefatos de couro como integrantes dos processos da cadeia do couro. A partir da identificação desses estágios, por meio do estudo de caso de seis empresas desse setor, ações de melhoria podem ser propostas para que se alcancem estágios mais avançados de práticas de P+L ou que, no mínimo, se mantenha o estágio já atingido, caso a empresa se encontre em um estágio avançado de práticas de P+L, para uma efetiva preservação ambiental e redução de desperdícios, beneficiando o meio ambiente e a sociedade assim como proporcionando o desenvolvimento econômico empresarial com a redução de desperdícios. Os resultados mostram que dentre as práticas de P+L mais utilizadas por esta cadeia estão: a reutilização e conseqüente redução no consumo de água limpa através de métodos de tratamento de efluentes, a redução do consumo de energia elétrica e a limpeza e sinalização de cada etapa dos processos industriais. O investimento de esforços na formação do Ecotime e o investimento financeiro na capacitação e treinamento constante desta equipe constituíram a base para o desenvolvimento de novas oportunidades de P+L. / Throughout the 1990s, a great awareness about climate change, the depreciation of natural resources and generating waste redirected environmental issues from the periphery to the forefront of business management. Due to this awareness is possible to mention some of the practices used by most industries in the greening of production: Cleaner Production, Lean Production, Eco-Efficiency and Total Quality Management Environment. This paper aims to focus on Cleaner Production (CP) in the process of greening the production chain which is an object of study: the supply chain of leather, due to the generation of waste (solid, liquid and gaseous) that occur during the processing of leather. Such research is justified by the non-existence of studies that provide an identification of the stage of adoption practices of CP in the chain and the contribution that the results for the study of CP can bring interest groups (partners, society, researchers, among others). Moreover, much of the research aims to study the footwear industry and not just the leathergoods as integral to the process the leather. By identifying these stages, through a case study of six companies in this sector, improvement actions can be proposed for reaching the advanced stages of practice CP or at least maintain the stage already reached If a company is in an advanced stage of practice CP, for effective environmental conservation and waste reduction, benefiting the environment and society as well as providing economic development business by reducing waste. The results show that among the practices of CP most commonly used by this chain are: the reuse and consequent reduction in the consumption of clean water by methods of effluent treatment, the reduction of energy consumption, cleaning and signs of each stage industrial processes. The investment of effort in training Ecotime and financial investment in training and constant training of this team formed the basis for the development of new opportunities for CP.

Until recently, the concept of green logistics has been disregarded by various logistics and transport companies in South Africa. The study on which this dissertation is based explored the green logistics practices that these companies are currently implementing in terms of the key drivers, benefits and barriers. A quantitative research approach was followed, were a survey (Lime) served as the primary research instrument. A census was conducted among 160 companies in Gauteng. The results of the study revealed a significant difference between SMEs (<200) and large (200 and above) companies with regard to their importance rating on green logistics practices. To achieve the primary objective of the study, a framework in green logistics was drafted for SMEs and large companies in South Africa, which outlined practices and opportunities companies can implement in their own businesses to benefit from ‘going green’. The usefulness of the latter mentioned guidelines needs to be tested in future research. / Public Administration and Management / M.. Com. (Logistics Management)

Submitted by Nadir Basilio (nadirsb@uninove.br) on 2016-08-16T15:38:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Flavia Cristina da Silva.pdf: 3181859 bytes, checksum: ec2e71bc944595cf5e4a7b0a3e2a9042 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-16T15:38:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Flavia Cristina da Silva.pdf: 3181859 bytes, checksum: ec2e71bc944595cf5e4a7b0a3e2a9042 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-03 / The interface between organizations and the context in which they operate tend to give barriers to the implementation of the green supply chain management [GSCM]. The general purpose of this study was to analyze how the barriers to implementation of GSCM are prioritized by Brazilian automotive sector. Therefore, this research used a mixed methods approach, applying a systematic literature review and CVR content validation in the qualitative approach and the Analytic Hierarchy Process method [AHP] for the quantitative. The contributions of this study to the theory include the collection of forty-three literature barriers to implementing the GSCM. The model of thirteen barriers applicable to the Brazilian organizational setting, validated by technical and academic experts, in addition to the synthesis of other information relevant to research on the topic. In terms of contributions to the practice of management, from the results and their comparisons in relation to companies in other sectors located in other parts of the world, it is intended that this study drives the member companies of the automotive supply chain in developing action plans to overcome the barriers to implementation of GSCM. / A interface entre as organizações e o contexto em que estão inseridas tendem a originar barreiras à implementação da gestão da cadeia de suprimentos verde [GCSV]. O propósito geral deste estudo consistiu em analisar como as barreiras à implementação da GCSV são hierarquizadas pelas empresas do setor automotivo brasileiro. Para tanto, esta pesquisa utilizou a abordagem de métodos mistos, com a aplicação de revisão bibliográfica sistemática e validação de conteúdo CVR na abordagem qualitativa e o método Analytic Hierarchy Process [AHP] para a quantitativa. As contribuições deste estudo para a teoria incluem a coletânea de quarenta e três barreiras à implementação da GCSV da literatura ao modelo de treze barreiras aplicáveis ao cenário organizacional brasileiro, validado por especialistas técnicos e acadêmicos, além da síntese de outras informações relevantes para pesquisas no tema. Em termos de contribuições para a prática da Administração, a partir dos resultados alcançados e suas comparações em relação às indústrias de outros setores localizadas em outras partes do mundo, pretende-se que este estudo norteie as empresas integrantes da cadeia de suprimentos automotiva na elaboração de planos de ação para a superação das barreiras à implementação da GCSV.

Submitted by Nadir Basilio (nadirsb@uninove.br) on 2017-06-06T15:28:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Flavia Cristina da Silva.pdf: 3181859 bytes, checksum: ec2e71bc944595cf5e4a7b0a3e2a9042 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-06T15:28:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Flavia Cristina da Silva.pdf: 3181859 bytes, checksum: ec2e71bc944595cf5e4a7b0a3e2a9042 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-03 / The interface between organizations and the context in which they operate tend to give barriers to the implementation of the green supply chain management [GSCM]. The general purpose of this study was to analyze how the barriers to implementation of GSCM are prioritized by Brazilian automotive sector. Therefore, this research used a mixed methods approach, applying a systematic literature review and CVR content validation in the qualitative approach and the Analytic Hierarchy Process method [AHP] for the quantitative. The contributions of this study to the theory include the collection of forty-three literature barriers to implementing the GSCM. The model of thirteen barriers applicable to the Brazilian organizational setting, validated by technical and academic experts, in addition to the synthesis of other information relevant to research on the topic. In terms of contributions to the practice of management, from the results and their comparisons in relation to companies in other sectors located in other parts of the world, it is intended that this study drives the member companies of the automotive supply chain in developing action plans to overcome the barriers to implementation of GSCM. / A interface entre as organizações e o contexto em que estão inseridas tendem a originar barreiras à implementação da gestão da cadeia de suprimentos verde [GCSV]. O propósito geral deste estudo consistiu em analisar como as barreiras à implementação da GCSV são hierarquizadas pelas empresas do setor automotivo brasileiro. Para tanto, esta pesquisa utilizou a abordagem de métodos mistos, com a aplicação de revisão bibliográfica sistemática e validação de conteúdo CVR na abordagem qualitativa e o método Analytic Hierarchy Process [AHP] para a quantitativa. As contribuições deste estudo para a teoria incluem a coletânea de quarenta e três barreiras à implementação da GCSV da literatura ao modelo de treze barreiras aplicáveis ao cenário organizacional brasileiro, validado por especialistas técnicos e acadêmicos, além da síntese de outras informações relevantes para pesquisas no tema. Em termos de contribuições para a prática da Administração, a partir dos resultados alcançados e suas comparações em relação às indústrias de outros setores localizadas em outras partes do mundo, pretende-se que este estudo norteie as empresas integrantes da cadeia de suprimentos automotiva na elaboração de planos de ação para a superação das barreiras à implementação da GCSV.

International manufacturing companies are shipping goods worldwide, resulting in interorganizational freight transportation where customers, suppliers, and logistics partners are involved in the transportation processes. This interorganizational nature of freight transport emissions has made them difficult to address, as they can be seen as not being connected to only one single company’s decisions. With the relevancy, consciousness, and interest of going greener being on the rise on a global level, many studies have made a call for a wider perspective on how manufacturing companies can work with reducing Carbon Dioxide (CO2) emissions from transport related to their business. This thesis addresses that call, and the research purpose of this thesis is to explore how a manufacturing company can achieve continuous and controlled reduction of CO2 emissions from freight transport. This study develops a framework in support of decarbonizing freight transport at a manufacturing company, through the adapting of Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) activities, enabled by Strategy and Management Control Systems (MCSs). In sum, it is explored how a manufacturing company can adapt GSCM activities for decarbonization of freight transport as part of a decarbonization strategy, that is implemented and sustained within the company through MCSs. This master thesis studies the case company Rosemount Tank Radar AB, a Sweden-based manufacturer of measurement instrumentation with high levels of export. To find the relevant strategy and management control concepts and theories, a literature study was first conducted. Based on this literature study, a case study of the company was then performed. Following the case study, case findings were analyzed and related to the concepts and theories found in the literature study, leading to the final framework. The framework constitutes the overall conclusion, and a mapping of the analysis on how manufacturing companies can reduce their CO2 emissions from freight transport through the approach based on GSCM, decarbonization strategy, and MCSs. The framework gathers identified decarbonization strategy scopes for greener transports found within the research field of GSCM and the case study. These decarbonization strategy scopes are then set in relation to the identified strategy and control management concepts and tools, that support efficient and tangible implementation of the decarbonization strategy. On a practical level, the framework developed in this thesis is suggested to bring a foundation for discussions among supply chain managers at manufacturing companies that are looking to define or redefine their decarbonization strategy in order make their freight transport greener. As the case study findings of this master thesis also proposes, greener supply chain transport practices can lead to cost savings and better customer experiences, in addition to reducing CO2 emissions.

Gröna försörjningskedjor bidrar till att företag tar bättre miljömässiga och hållbara beslut i sin verksamhet och tillsammans med ett välutvecklat ERP-system kan tillverkande företag bli mer konkurrenskraftiga. Digitalisering inom träindustrin sker inte i samma takt som utvecklingen av informationsteknologi, vilket innebär att branschen har en rad utmaningar kopplade till bland annat spårbarhet och utbyte av information.  Studiens syfte är att beskriva och förklara hur ERP-system kan stödja gröna försörjningskedjor inom träindustrin utifrån ett användarperspektiv. Studiens syfte besvaras med hjälp av en kvalitativ ansats där semistrukturerade intervjuer genomförts med 5 respondenter samt en dokumentanalys av två verksamheters hållbarhetsrapporter och observation på ett av företagens sågverk.  Utifrån en öppen kodning har studiens empiri framställts i tre övergripande teman vilka är, hållbarhet och miljö, spårbarhet och informationsdelning samt data och kvalitet i affärssystem. Företag inom träindustrin arbetar mot hållbar utveckling inom verksamheten, dels för att kunna besvara marknadens efterfrågan, dels för att bidra till Sveriges möjlighet att uppnå agenda 2030 och FN:s globala mål för hållbar utveckling. Respondenter vittnar om att det är svårt att jobba mot miljömålen i sin specifika roll och hur mycket de jobbar mot det sker i varierande utsträckning. Samtidigt saknas funktioner i systemen för att anställda ska kunna få de rapporter de är i behov av. Idag inhämtas information från olika system och det saknas integrationer mellan databaser och system. Visst arbete sker även med manuell handpåläggning och eller dokumenteras enbart i Excel. Det saknas även möjlighet att spåra produkter genom hela försörjningskedjan. Spårbarhet av certifikat framträder som särskilt viktigt för lyckat miljöarbete inom träindustrin, systemstöd för detta finns men enkelt stöd för spårbarhet genom hela kedjan saknas. Många olika system används idag vilket gör att fördelarna med ERP-system inte syns i det dagliga arbetet. Tillgång till information upplevs generellt som god medan tillvägagångssättet att hitta information kan förenklas. Integrationer mellan system såväl som förbättrad funktionalitet kopplat till rapporter och måluppföljning efterfrågas av användarna. Gröna försörjningskedjor stöds av de existerande systemen i viss utsträckning, studiens resultat tyder dock på att det finns utrymme för vidare utveckling för att uppnå ett bättre anpassat system baserat på användarnas behov