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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

E-hälsotjänster i praktiken : En studie av Mina vårdkontakter och Min hälsoplan

Höglund, Stina, Vallström, Camilla January 2013 (has links)
As an effect of increased living standards and improved health care, life expectancy has risen in many parts of the world. At the same time, welfare diseases such as diabetes and obesity increases. As the number of elderly and long-term sick rises, so will the medical care needs. E-health applications are often presented as a way to meet future medical and doing so within the scope of existing resources. By facilitating health communication and widen access to health services by offering them online, e-health applications encourages people to become more engaged in their own health, thus working proactively towards a healthier population. However, e-health applications often fail to reach their full potential. The purpose of this study is to explore how health care providers and health care recipients perceives e-health applications and their usefulness and thus being able to identify factors significant for successful introduction and use of e-health services. Two e-health applications have been analysed and six important aspects have been identified and discussed. In order to be successful, an e-health application must facilitate behaviour change and be integrated in the everyday life of the user. Substantial and adequate evaluation is essential to make sure that the application meet the requirements from both health care providers and health care recipients. An understanding of the possibilities technology has to offer is needed in order to fully exploit the potential of e-health applications in health care. Instructions for health care providers on how to use the applications are essential not only to ensure their proper usage but also to make sure that applications are being presented to recipients in a satisfactory way and that care providers can offer the support and help recipients may need. Finally, when discussing e-health applications it is important to remember that there are people who does not want to get involved and that there is still a demand for face-to-face interaction in health care. Therefore, e-health services must be complemented with alternatives providing different types of interaction opportunities.
2

Dricka lagom - Tillit och normer i applikationer för att reglera alkoholkonsumtion

Fredriksson, Sarah January 2016 (has links)
To drink moderately can be hard for many people and there is a lot of norms that will amp up the temptation to drink more. In this essay the focus is to see what effect technology has when it comes to regulate alcohol consumption. The technology reviewed was the application Promillekoll, created by Systembolaget. This application gives the user an estimated value on what blood alcohol level the user had after consuming alcohol. By using different methods to collect data it helped to locate what kinds of norms there was when alcohol was being consumed and how they are playing a part in the regulation of alcohol. This essay also helped to figure out what kind of trust the user has for this type of application and what the application need so that the user will continue to use the application. The result indicate that the user can achieving a change in their behavior but they need the right attitude to achieve it. Many wanted an update of the features in the application to make it more appealing for them to use it, because the interaction in the application is not perfect. The main thing that hindering the application was the social norms that comes with drinking alcohol. / Att dricka lagom mycket kan vara svårt för många och det finns flera normer som ökar påfrestelsen att dricka mera. I denna studie ligger fokus på att ta reda på vilken effekt tekniken har när det kommer till att reglera alkoholkonsumtion. Den teknik som granskades är applikationen Promillekoll, som är en applikation framtagen av Systembolaget. Den ger  användaren ett uppskattat värde av ens promillehalt när de dricker. Men hjälp av olika metoder samlades data in för att ta reda på över vilka typer av normer som finns när det kommer till alkoholkonsumtion och hur de spelar in för regleringen av alkohol samt ta reda på hur stor tillit användarna hade till applikationen och vad som krävdes för att de skulle fortsätta användningen av applikationen. Resultatet tyder på att det går att uppnå en förändring med hjälp av applikationen men då krävs det att användaren har rätt attityd från början. Många respondenter ville däremot ha en uppdatering av applikationen då interaktionen inte var så effektiv som den skulle kunnat vara. Dock stod flera sociala normer i vägen för att tekniken skulle kunna vara effektiv.
3

uMED: Uma Arquitetura para Desenvolvimento de Software Direcionada `a Medicina Ubíqua / UMED: AN ARCHITECTURE FOR SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT TARGETED TO UBIQUITOUS MEDICINE

Rodrigues, Sérgio Luis 05 March 2011 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-22T17:26:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sergio.pdf: 4483896 bytes, checksum: fd6e9fa437d692c1d9468eadde90af71 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-05 / The ubiquitous medicine has the premisse to provide access to health services at any time, without restriction of location enhancing the mobility of doctors, nurses and other health professionals. These professionals need tools for information access, both at the site where the patient, either in other locations. The aim of this paper is to propose an infrastructure that integrates sensors and computing devices (mobile and fixed), considering the ubiquitous environment provided by a middleware and software architecture with context elements awareness, and also with the capacity acting on them. This architecture is called uMED, and their target applications will include monitoring vital signs of patients considering a typical work environment of staff working in medical emergencies. It is also being made to allow health professionals to remotely control (actuation) medical equipments. From the monitoring and/or actuation features, the intention is to enable an improvement in work routines of health professionals, helping to reduce the high percentage of nomadism and fragmentation of its activities. The uMED architecture is being designed with the perspective of being integrated with middleware EXEHDA. In order to evaluate the software architecture proposed for uMED, was developed a case study aimed at clinical follow-up of patients / A medicina ub´ıqua tem como premissa disponibilizar acesso aos servic¸os de sa´ude a qualquer hora, sem restric¸ oes de localizac¸ ao potencializando a mobilidade de m´edicos, enfermeiros e outros profissionais de sa´ude. Estes profissionais necessitam de ferramentas de acesso `as informac¸ oes, tanto no local onde se encontra o paciente, como n ao. O objetivo central deste trabalho ´e propor uma infraestrutura que integre sensores e dispositivos computacionais (m´oveis e fixos), valendo-se para isto do ambiente ub´ıquo provido por um middleware, e de uma arquitetura de software com sensibilidade para elementos de contexto, e tamb´em com capacidade de atuac¸ ao sobre os mesmos. Esta arquitetura ´e denominada uMED, e suas respectivas aplicac¸ oes alvo ir ao contemplar o monitoramento de sinais vitais de pacientes considerando um ambiente t´ıpico de trabalho das equipes que atuam em urg encias m´edicas. Tamb´em est´a sendo prevista a possibilidade dos profissionais de sa´ude controlarem remotamente (atuac¸ ao) equipamentos m´edicos. A partir das funcionalidades de monitoramento e/ou atuac¸ ao pretende-se possibilitar uma melhora nas rotinas de trabalho dos profissionais de sa´ude, contribuindo para reduzir o elevado percentual de nomadismo e fragmentac¸ ao de suas atividades. A arquitetura do uMED est´a sendo concebida com a perspectiva de ser integrada ao middleware EXEHDA. No sentido de avaliar a arquitetura de software proposta para o uMED, foi desenvolvido um estudo de caso direcionado ao acompanhamento cl´ınico de pacientes
4

Contributions à une nouvelle approche de Recherche d'Information basée sur la métaphore de l'impédance et illustrée sur le domaine de la santé / Contributions to a new information retrieving approach based on the impedance metaphor and illustrated on the health domain

Guemeida, Abdelbasset 16 October 2009 (has links)
Les récentes évolutions dans les technologies de l’information et de la communication, avec le développement de l’Internet, conduisent à l’explosion des volumes des sources de données. Des nouveaux besoins en recherche d’information émergent pour traiter l’information en relation aux contextes d’utilisation, augmenter la pertinence des réponses et l’usabilité des résultats produits, ainsi que les possibles corrélations entre sources de données, en rendant transparentes leurs hétérogénéités. Les travaux de recherche présentés dans ce mémoire apportent des contributions à la conception d’une Nouvelle Approche de Recherche d’Information (NARI) pour la prise de décision. NARI vise à opérer sur des grandes masses de données cataloguées, hétérogènes, qui peuvent être géo référencées. Elle est basée sur des exigences préliminaires de qualité (standardisation, réglementations), exprimées par les utilisateurs, représentées et gérées à l’aide des métadonnées. Ces exigences conduisent à pallier le manque de données ou leur insuffisante qualité, pour produire une information de qualité suffisante par rapport aux besoins décisionnels. En utilisant la perspective des utilisateurs, on identifie et/ou on prépare des sources de données, avant de procéder à l’étape d’intégration des contenus. L’originalité de NARI réside dans la métaphore de l’écart d’impédance (phénomène classique lorsque on cherche à connecter deux systèmes physiques hétérogènes). Cette métaphore, dont R. Jeansoulin est à l’origine, ainsi que l’attention portée au cadre réglementaire, en guident la conception. NARI est structurée par la dimension géographique (prise en compte de divers niveaux de territoires, corrélations entre plusieurs thématiques) : des techniques d’analyse spatiale supportent des tâches de la recherche d’information, réalisées souvent implicitement par les décideurs. Elle s’appuie sur des techniques d’intégration de données (médiation, entrepôts de données), des langages de représentation des connaissances et des technologies et outils relevant du Web sémantique, pour supporter la montée en charge, la généralisation et la robustesse théorique de l’approche. NARI est illustrée sur des exemples relevant de la santé / The recent developments in information and communication technologies along with the growth of the Internet have lead to the explosion of data source volumes. This has created many growing needs such as in information retrieval to: treat the information according to its usage context, to increase the relevance of answers and the usability of results, and to increase the potential correlations between results, which can be done by making the heterogeneities and source distribution transparent. Our contributions consist in designing a NARI (New Approach to Information Retrieval) for decision-making. NARI is designed to operate on large amounts of catalogued and heterogeneous data that can be geo-referenced. It is based on quality preliminary requirements expressed by users, which are represented and managed using metadata. These requirements lead to the lack of data or their insufficient quality in relation to decision-making needs. Using the users’ perspective, we identify and/or prepare the data sources, before integration step processing. NARI’s originality relies on the metaphor of the impedance mismatch (classical phenomenon when we try to connect two physical heterogeneous systems), due to R. Jeansoulin. This metaphor, as well as the attention paid to regulatory framework (standardization), guides the design of NARI. The geographical dimension structures NARI, taking into account various territorial levels, correlations between several themes. Thus, it takes advantage of spatial analysis techniques, by automating information retrieval tasks, often implicitly made by policy makers. NARI is based on data integration techniques (mediation, data warehouses), knowledge representation languages and a set of Semantic Web technologies and tools, adapted to support the scalability, robustness and generalization theory of the approach. NARI is illustrated on examples relevant to the health domain
5

Designing functions aimed at users experiencing endometriosis or polycystic ovary syndrome within a reproductive health application

Björnsdotter, Matilda January 2022 (has links)
People who are diagnosed with or suspect endometriosis or polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are rarely included in the design of reproductive health applications, leading to a lack of functions useful to this user group. Non-normative user groups in general, including those experiencing endometriosis or PCOS, are also rarely mentioned in research of reproductive health applications or Human-Computer Interaction. Based on user requests, the aim of this thesis was to design new functions within the application Read Your Body aimed at their users experiencing endometriosis or PCOS. The project consisted of an iterative design process including research for design, sketching, prototyping, and user tests. It was found that this user group mainly wanted to track their symptoms and cycle to gain health insight, and a large number of tracking options and easy customisation was requested. The design process resulted in a design prototype that includes the ability to track symptoms, triggers, self-care practices and treatments as well as visualising and exporting data for personal health insight or to communicate with others. Knowledge created on the non-normative user group, their goals for tracking, and how to design reproductive health tracking applications for non-normative users could be useful in future research and design projects. The functions designed could improve understanding of self and communication with healthcare professionals, and inform diagnosis, treatment plans and self-care practices.
6

Design för långvarig hälsoförbättring : Hur designfaktorer i hälsoapplikationer kan användas för att motivera användare till en långvarig förändring.

Vestman, Iza January 2022 (has links)
An unhealthy diet and insufficient physical activity lead to global health risks, where 70% of all deaths globally can be linked to non-communicable diseases. To change these types of behaviours, there are different methods, one of which is the Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW) which can serve as a guide to which methods can be used to achieve a behaviour change. The purpose of this study is to investigate how health applications can motivate users to a long-term health improvement. What are the important design factors in health applications for users, to be motivated to a long-term health improvement?   To fulfil the purpose, a study was conducted with a qualitative approach inspired by Design Science. For data collection, semi-structured interviews were conducted and data generated were analysed using thematic analysis.   The study showed that a number of the recommended Behavioural Change Techniques (BCTs) that could be found in BCW are consistent with respondents' personal experiences and opinions on desirable functions for achieving a healthier lifestyle. The results of this study indicate that important design factors in a health application are easily used functions that allow a user to find reliable information when needed, track their goals and evaluate these in relation to their previous achievements to continue to be motivated for  a long-term change. / En ohälsosam diet och otillräcklig fysisk rörelse leder till globala hälsorisker, där 70% av alla dödsfall globalt kan kopplas till icke smittsamma sjukdomar. För att förändra dessa typer av beteenden finns det olika metoder, där en av dem är Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW) som kan fungera som en fingervisning om vilka metoder som kan användas för att uppnå en beteendeförändring. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur hälsoapplikationer kan motivera användare till en långvarig hälsoförbättring. Vad upplever användare är viktiga designfaktorer i hälsoapplikationer, för att motiveras till en långvarig hälsoförbättring?    För att uppfylla syftet har en studien genomförts med en kvalitativ ansats inspirerad av Design Science. För datainsamling har semistrukturerade intervjuer genomförts och den data som alstrats har analyserats med hjälp av tematisk analys.    Studien visade att ett antal av de rekommenderade Behavioural Change Techniques (BCTs) som kunde återfinnas i BCW stämmer överens med respondenternas personliga erfarenheter och åsikter om önskvärda funktioner för att nå en hälsosammare livsstil. Resultatet av denna studie pekar på att viktiga designfaktorer i en hälsoapplikation är smidiga funktioner som ger en användare möjlighet att finna tillförlitlig information vid behov, spåra sina mål och utvärdera dessa i relation till sina tidigare prestationer för att fortsatt motiveras att genomföra en långvarig förändring.
7

Användarprofiler och personas för utveckling av e-hälsotjänster för djur

Heise, Ylva. U, Hägg, My January 2020 (has links)
E-hälsa är och har varit på framväxt de senaste åren och idag finns mer och mer av vården tillgänglig digitalt. Denna utveckling sker också inom djurvården, men det finns inga vetenskapliga studier som beskriver djurägare som användare av digitala tjänster. För att utveckla riktade och användbara tjänster krävs god kännedom om målgruppen. Syftet med denna studie är att påbörja ämnet inom vetenskapen och kartlägga djurägares behov och inställning till digitala e-hälsotjänster för djur, och därmed skapa insikt kring målgruppens beteende och förväntningar. Denna information kan sedan användas i utvecklingen av tjänster där djurägare är den primära målgruppen. Genom en semistrukturerad explorativ enkätstudie samlades kvalitativa och kvantitativa data om svenska djurägare in. Studien grundades delvis på information från studier inom e-hälsa för människor och digitala vårdmöten. Utifrån den insamlade datan konstruerades fiktiva representativa användarprofiler, i.e. personas. Inom användarcentrerad design och utveckling är personas en välkänd metod för att på ett konkret sätt visualisera en tänkt användares behov och förutsättningar. Totalt 139 personer deltog i enkätstudien varav 39 personer hade använt en digital veterinärvårdstjänst. Majoriteten av deltagarna utgjordes av kvinnor och den största åldersgruppen var 26–45 år. Resultaten visar att djurägare är medvetna konsumenter som väljer djurvård med omsorg, då 62% någon gång aktivt bytt klinik. En överväldigande majoritet har försäkrat sina djur men ändå spelar ekonomiska faktorer stor roll för gruppen och påverkar deras val av djurvård. Resultatet indikerar att djurägare gör en aktiv bedömning innan de kontaktar veterinär, och att digitala veterinärvårdsapplikationer kan fungera som ett stöd i beslutsprocessen gällande om det är nödvändigt att besöka en fysisk klinik eller ej. Gruppen som använt veterinärvårdsapp är generellt mycket nöjda med tjänsten, även om flera påtalar det svåra i att visa upp skadan/djuret i ett videosamtal. / The e-health sector is growing rapidly, with more and more services becoming available to patients that allow them to digitally connect with their healthcare providers. E-health for pets has started to arise as well, but there is no research that covers the perspective of pet-owners as digital users. Good knowledge of the target user is critical for development of digital services that meet the wants and needs of end users. The aim of this study is to begin to remedy this research gap by mapping the mindset of pet owners, so as to provide greater insights into the behaviour and expectation of potential end users. This information can be utilized to further optimize and enhance user experience within development of applications where pet-owners are the target user. A semi-structured survey was created to collect quantitative and qualitative data and the survey sampled a wide range of Swedish pet owners. The survey was to some extent based upon information from studies within e-health for humans, with modifications made to apply to veterinary care. The gathered data was analyzed and used to create fictional user profiles, i.e. personas. Personas is a well-used method to visualize the needs and objectives of target users within user centered design and development. A total of 139 pet owners completed the survey. Only 39 had prior experience with digital veterinary applications. The majority of participants were female, and the largest age group were between 26 and 45 years. The results show that pet owners are aware consumers and carefully elect their pet care providers, as 62% actively have changed veterinary clinic. Even though an overwhelming majority of pet owners had pet insurance, economic factors were a key driver in determining pet care. The results indicate that pet owners evaluates the situation prior to contact with a veterinary, and that a digital veterinary app can be useful for pet owners by providing support in determining whether a visit to a veterinary clinic is necessary or not. Those that had prior experience with digital veterinary apps expressed that they were overall satisfied with the service, although several mentioned that it was difficult to accurately show the animal and the issue through video.
8

Emotion AI in Mental Healthcare : How can affective computing enhance mental healthcare for young adults?

Sheykholeslami, Nassim January 2022 (has links)
There has been a stigma attached to mental health for years, with many people afraid to seek help from mental health professionals due to negative stereotypes about those seeking help. Young adults in particular are still reluctant in regards to seeing a therapist since they are ashamed, do not want to show weakness or they perceive their need for therapy as low. Since the COVID-19 pandemic has triggered many mental disorders of different kinds, numerous therapists have been fully booked, and the demand has been higher than the supply. Digital mental health apps aim to counteract the problem and help as many people as possible who either cannot get appointments with therapists or are not able to afford therapy sessions. The latest technologies, such as emotion-based Artificial Intelligence (Emotion AI), utilize many data sets and algorithms, which enable the system to learn and interpret human emotions through various verbal and non-verbal signals like voice recognition, text analysis, or face tracking. At the same time, the apps work as digital therapists who aim to help the user.  This research explores how emotion-based AI as a technology used in mental health applications can contribute to help young adults ranging from around 15 to 30 years of age, who are considered the age group suffering from symptoms of depression the most, but hesitate to see a therapist. By conducting a comparative study and quality assessment of three AIbased mental health apps and interviewing experts in Machine Learning and psychology on their points of view, this research project aims to gain qualitative data and, consequently, to obtain more insights on this topic. This research indicates that a complete replacement of face-to-face therapy is not yet imaginable because the human factor is considered inevitable in a therapy setting. However, most experts interviewed for this research stated that AI-based apps in mental healthcare can be seen as an additional supportive tool or coach on the side while seeing an actual therapist in face-to-face-sessions, either in person or through video calls, providing helpful content and exercises. In addition, these tools can bridge the waiting time between therapy sessions or function as a preventive solution for young adults. / Psykisk hälsa har i många år varit stigmatiserat, och många människor är rädda för att söka hjälp hos psykologer på grund av negativa stereotyper om dem som söker hjälp. Särskilt unga vuxna är fortfarande tveksamma när det gäller att träffa en terapeut eftersom de skäms eller inte vill visa svaghet. Eftersom COVID-19-pandemin har varit en utlösande faktor för många depressioner och psykiska störningar av olika slag så har många terapeuter varit fullbokade. Detta har gjort att efterfrågan på hjälp har varit större än utbudet som finns att tillgå. Digitala appar för psykisk hälsa har som syfte att motverka problemet och hjälpa så många människor som möjligt, antingen när det inte finns tillgängliga terapeuter för samtal eller när personen inte har råd med terapisamtal. Den senaste tekniken, såsom känslobaserad AI, utnyttjar en stor mängd data som gör det möjligt för systemet att lära sig att tolka mänskliga känslor genom olika verbala och icke-verbala signaler som till exempel röstigenkänning, textanalys eller ansiktsspårning. Samtidigt fungerar apparna som en digital terapeut som syftar till att hjälpa användaren. I denna studie undersöks i vilken utsträckning som känslobaserad AI, tillämpad i digitala lösningar för psykisk hälsa, kan bidra till att hjälpa unga vuxna i åldern 15-30 år som anses vara den åldersgrupp som lider mest av depressionssymptom. Genom att genomföra en jämförande studie, en kvalitetsbedömning av tre AI-baserade appar för psykisk hälsa samt intervjua experter inom maskininlärning och psykologi om deras synpunkter är syftet med detta forskningsprojekt att få kvalitativ data och därmed fler insikter om detta ämne. Resultaten av denna studie indikerar att en ersättning av terapisamtal med en person eller terapi via videosamtal ännu ej är tänkbar eftersom den mänskliga faktorn anses vara icke ersättningsbar. Majoriteten av de experter som intervjuades för den här forskningen uppgav dock att AI-baserade appar inom psykiatrin kan ses som ett extra stödverktyg eller en coach vid sidan av mötet med en riktig terapeut (antingen personligen eller genom videosamtal), med hjälp av användbart innehåll och övningar. Dessutom kan dessa verktyg överbrygga väntetiden mellan terapisessionerna eller fungera som en förebyggande lösning för unga vuxna.

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