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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Capacidade de direcionar atenção e demandas de atenção do enfermeiro no ambiente de trabalho / Capacity to direct attention and attention demands for nurses in the work environment

Roscani, Alessandra Nazareth Caine Pereira, 1978- 07 March 2009 (has links)
Orientador: Edineis de Brito Guirardello / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-14T00:18:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Roscani_AlessandraNazarethCainePereira_M.pdf: 1574041 bytes, checksum: c6b1497cd99d0773b8f88e5448203228 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: A capacidade de direcionar atenção é essencial para o enfermeiro no ambiente de trabalho devido às múltiplas fontes de demanda de atenção que requerem alto nível de concentração para processar informações importantes no gerenciamento do cuidado ao paciente. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo e correlacional que tem por objetivos: avaliar como este profissional percebe o seu desempenho frente às situações cotidianas que requerem concentração e, verificar se existe associação entre as situações de demanda, percepção da adequação do ambiente e variáveis pessoais e profissionais. Para a coleta de dados utilizou-se os instrumentos: a) versão brasileira do Attentional Function Index (AFI) b) Demandas para Atenção Dirigida e, c) Percepção da adequação do ambiente de trabalho. Para análise dos dados utilizou-se o programa SPSS. Participaram do estudo 169 enfermeiros, sendo a maioria do sexo feminino. Verificou-se que a média de percepção de desempenho dos enfermeiros, avaliada pelo AFI foi de 60,43, considerada satisfatória, entretanto ao ser correlacionada com as situações de demanda para atenção, resultou em uma associação negativa de baixa magnitude (r = - 0,294; p < 0,0001) e positiva de baixa magnitude (r = 0,196; p-valor < 0,05) para a percepção da adequação do ambiente de trabalho. A percepção de desempenho difere entre os serviços (p = 0,013) no qual os enfermeiros da clínica médicocirúrgica II julgaram maiores médias de desempenho em relação aos da clínica médico-cirúrgica I e pediatria. Aqueles com jornada de trabalho inferior a 40 horas (p = 0,044) e com algum problema de saúde (p = 0,026) apresentaram menores médias de desempenho em relação aos demais. Dentre a maior demanda destaca-se as situações de demanda de atenção relacionadas ao domínio psicológico. Há diferenças estatisticamente significantes para as variáveis unidade de trabalho, número de pacientes por enfermeiro, presença de afecção psicológica. O ambiente de trabalho foi percebido como inadequado e como variável que interfere no esforço mental e na capacidade de direcionar atenção. Conclui-se que os enfermeiros julgaram um desempenho satisfatório na capacidade de direcionar atenção, sendo este associado às situações de demandas de atenção e a percepção da adequação do ambiente de trabalho. / Abstract: The capacity to direct attention is essential to nurses in the work environment due to multiple sources of attention demands that require higher level of concentration in order to process important information in the management of the patient care. This is a descriptive and correlational study that aims to evaluate: how nurses perceived their effectiveness in purposeful activity requiring direct attention and verify the relationships between the situations that require direct attention; the environment's adequacy and professional or personal variables. For the data collect were used the instruments: a) Attentional Function Index (AFI) - Brazilian version b) Direct Attention Demands and, c) Perception of Work Environment Adequacy. For data analyses was used the SPSS software. The sample was composed of 169 nurses, most of them women. The mean perception of the AFI was 60.43, considered satisfactory, but in correlating with attention demand situations resulted in low negative value (r = - 0.294; p < 0.0001) and low positive value (r = 0.196; p-valor < 0.05) for the work environment adequacy. The AFI showed differences between services (p = 0.013) in which nurses from medical surgical unit II judged higher mean values when compared to nurses from medical surgical unit I and pediatrics unit. The nurses who worked less than 40 hours a week (p = 0.044) and with some kind of health problem (p = 0.026) showed lower AFI in comparison with the others. The situations related to the psychological domain required higher level of directed attention in relation to the other domains. There was a statistical significance for the variables: work unit, number of patients usually assigned for care and psychological affection. The work environment was perceived as inadequate by nurses with can increased the need of mental effort or directed attention as well as the capacity to direction attention. As conclusion, the nurses judged a satisfactory AFI to do purposeful activity requiring direct attention= and it was associated to situations of attention demands and perception of work environment adequacy. / Mestrado / Enfermagem e Trabalho / Mestre em Enfermagem
2

Patienters upplevelse av vårdmiljön : En litteraturöversikt / Patients' experience of the health facility environment : A literature review

Hessel Bjurgren, Carolina, Söderling, Jennie January 2023 (has links)
Bakgrund Vårdmiljön har beskrivits ända sedan Florence Nightingales dagar. Sjukhusens utformning har följt samhällets utveckling och medicinska framsteg. Forskning om vårdmiljön började på allvar på 1980-talet. Forskning bedrivs både om patienters upplevelse och på hur arkitektur och design kan påverka läkning och återhämtning. Detta kan förstärka möjligheten för sjuksköterskan att ge personcentrerad vård.  Syfte Syftet var att beskriva patienters upplevelse av vårdmiljön. Metod En allmän litteraturöversikt gjordes och analyserades med innehållsanalys. Elva vetenskapliga artiklar ingick i översikten. Sju artiklar var kvalitativa och två artiklar var kvantitativa. Två artiklar var av blandad metod. Resultat Två huvudteman framkom vid analysen av de elva artiklarna gällande patienters upplevelse av vårdmiljö. Dessa teman var: Upplevelse av den fysiska vårdmiljön och Upplevelse av samhörighet och gemenskap. Resultatet visar att den fysiska vårdmiljön och den psykosociala miljön har en stor inverkan på patienters upplevelse. Likaså påverkar det om patienten hamnar i enkelrum eller flerbäddsrum samt om integritet, autonomi och sekretess kan upprätthållas. Sammanfattning Patienters upplevelse av vårdmiljön påverkas av ett flertal faktorer som framkom i resultatet såsom den fysiska vårdmiljön, den psykosociala vårdmiljön samt hur väl integritet och autonomi kan bevaras. Upplevelsen påverkas även av patientens livsvärld och kulturella kontext. Detta gör att sjuksköterskan måste se patientens omvårdnadsbehov kopplat till vårdmiljön i ett helhetsperspektiv. / Background The health facility environment has been described ever since the days of Florence Nightingale. The design of the hospitals has followed society’s development and medical progress. Research on the health facility environment began in earnest in the 1980s. Research is conducted both on the patients’ experience and on how architecture and design can affect healing and recovery. This can enhance the ability of the nurse to provide person-centered care. Aim The aim was to describe patients’ experience of the health facility environment. Method A general literature review was conducted and analyzed using content analysis. Eleven scientific articles were included in the review. Seven articles were qualitative and two articles were quantitative. Two articles were of mixed methods. Results Two main themes emerged from the analysis of the eleven articles regarding patients’ experience of the health facility environment. These themes were: Experience of the physical health facility environment and Experience of belonging and community. The results show that the physical health facility environment and the psychosocial environment have a major impact on patients’ experience. It also affects whether the patient ends up in a single room or multi-bed room and whether integrity, autonomy and confidentiality can be maintained. Summary Patients’ experience of the health facility environment is influenced by a number of factors that emerged in the results, such as the physical health facility environment, the psychosocial environment and how well integrity and autonomy can be preserved. The experience is also influenced by the patient’s life world and cultural context. This means that the nurse must see the patient’s nursing needs linked to the health facility environment in a holistic perspective.
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Finns en läkande vårdatmosfär? : En kvalitativ studie om betydelsen av vårdmiljö och bemötande för patienter. / Does a Healing Atmosphere in Care Settings Exist? : A Qualitative Study of the Importance of Physical Environment and Interactions between Patients and Health Professionals

Nordblad, Brita January 2012 (has links)
Bakgrund: De medicinska insatser, omvårdnad och rehabilitering som erbjuds patienter i primärvård idag är vedertagna och vanligtvisevidensbaserade. Patienter kan få diagnos, behandling och ofta bot för många åkommor. En dimension som dock mindre ofta är tillvaratagen är effekterna av en genomtänkt fysisk miljö. Ett respektfullt bemötande i kombination med en genomtänkt vårdmiljö kan beskrivas som en god vårdatmosfär. Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur patienter upplever och uppfattar vårdatmosfären vid besök på en rehabiliteringsenhet i primärvård. Metod: Kvalitativaforskningsintervjuer och kvalitativ innehållsanalys Huvudresultat: En vårdatmosfär kan delas in i tre domäner: Fysisk miljö, Bemötande och Organisation. Inom domänerna finns ett antal kategoriermed variationer: Känsla av kontroll, Fysiska förutsättningar för att bli uppmärksammad, Subjektiva upplevelser av miljön, Kunskap om miljöns effekter, Uppmärksammar och bekräftar, Kommunicerar, Helhetssyn, Patienten i fokus, Delaktighet, Empati, Jämlikt möte, Att göradet ‖lilla extra‖, Innehåll och utbud, Tillgänglighet, Kontinuitet, Vårdkedjor och samverkan, Jämlik vård, Patientens rättigheter, Bemötandeandaoch förbättrings-och utvecklingsanda.Temat som framkommit är Att bli sedd, att vara värdefull. Slutsats: Till begreppet vårdatmosfär kan förutom vårdmiljö och bemötande, organisation läggastill. Organisationen ger förutsättningar eller kan försvåra. Ett tema håller samman alla kategorier och det är betydelsen av att bli sedd som ger budskap om att vara värdeful / Background: Medical treatment, care, and rehabilitation offered to patients in primary care settings are established and mostly evidence-based. Patients can receive diagnose, treatment and, quite often, cure. A dimension that receives less attention involves the effects of a carefully planned physical environment. Combined with a carefully planned environment, respectful interaction between patients and health professionals enhancesthe atmosphere of care settings. Aim: This study aimed to investigate how patients experience the atmosphere they encounter when visiting a rehabilitation unit within a primary care unit. Method: Qualitative research interviews and qualitative content analysisResults: The atmosphere in care settings encompasses three domains: physical environment, interaction between patients and health professionals, and the organization. Within these domains, categories include sense of control, physical conditionsfor to attract attention, subjective experience, knowledge of the effects of the environment, attention to and confirmation of the patient, communication, holistic view of the patient, patient in focus, participation, empathy, equality in the meeting, To do ―the little more‖, healthcare content, accessibility, continuity, cooperation, equal care, patient rights, spirit of interaction between patient and health professional, and spirit of improvement and development. The major themes that emerged were the patient’s need to be noticed and valued. Conclusion: Our results suggest that the organization should be added to the concepts of atmosphere in care settings. The organization can create and obstruct careconditions. The overarching theme of these categories is the patient’s need to be noticed and valued / <p>ISBN 978-91-86739-27-0</p>
4

Patientens upplevelser av den fysiska vårdmiljön på sjukhus : En litteraturöversikt / The patient´s experiences of the physical health care environment in hospitals : A literature review

Lindström, Sophie, Wilhelmsson, Victoria January 2010 (has links)
Bakgrund: I den fysiska vårdmiljön framkom olika förutsättningar för att skapa god omvårdnad då grundläggande mänskliga värderingarna var av betydelse för hur begreppen hälsa och omvårdnad tolkades. De traditionella vårdmiljöerna kunde uppfattas som anonyma och sterila platser av både sjukvårdspersonal och patienter, dessa egenskaper representerar hur fysiskt påtaglig sjukvårdsmiljön var. Syfte: Syftet med denna litteraturöversikt var att beskriva hur patienter inom somatisk vård upplever den fysiska vårdmiljön på sjukhus. Metod: En litteraturöversikt baserad på tio vetenskapliga artiklar med både kvalitativ och kvantitativ ansats. Resultat: Tre huvudteman framkom vid analysen av artiklarna; sjukhusmiljö, vårdavdelningsmiljö och vårdsalsmiljö. När sjuksköterskan skapade en välkomnande atmosfär i vårdmiljön hade det betydelse för hur patienten upplevde hälsa oh välbefinnande, och detta förstärktes när patienten kunde påverka och inspirera miljön. När patienten kunde påverka tillgängligheten i vårdmiljön ökade användbarheten och patientens integritet. Slutsats: Sjuksköterskans bemötande och kommunikation hade en avgörande betydelse för hur patienten uppfattade och upplevde den fysiska sjukvårdsmiljön. / Background: There were different circumstances in the physical healthcare environment to create good care based on human values these were relevant concepts of how health and nursing care were interpreted. The traditional care environments were perceived as sterile andanonymous places of healthcare professionals and patients, these characteristics represented how crucial the physical care environments were. Aim: The aim of this literature review was to describe how patients in somatic care perceive the physical health care environment in hospitals. Method: A literature review based on ten scientific articles with both qualitative and quantitative approach. Result: Three main themes emerged from the results of analysis of the articles, hospital- ward- and patient rooms’ environment. Welcoming atmospheres created by the nurse were important in the patient experience of health and wellbeing. When the patients were able to influence and inspire the environment the wellbeing increased. When the patient affected the accessibility of the environment the usability and the privacy increased. Conclusion: Nurses' attitude and communication had an important impact on how the patient's perceived and experienced the physical health care environment.
5

Att vårdas på sjukhus : Patienters upplevelser av vårdmiljön på sjukhus

Göransson, Lovisa, Lindström, Robin January 2015 (has links)
Bakgrund: Vårdmiljön på sjukhus har traditionellt utformats av arkitekter. Fokus på patienten har skiftat från subjekt till objekt, för att åter gå mot en syn som subjekt. Intresset för utformning av vårdmiljön har de senaste åren ökat. Problem: Patienterna inneliggande på sjukhus befinner sig i en utsatt situation. Sjuksköterskor på sjukhus har lite kunskap om hur vårdmiljön påverkar patienterna vilket behövs för att kunna arbeta efter ett personcentrerat perspektiv. Syfte: Att beskriva vårdmiljön på sjukhus så som den upplevs av patienter som vårdats inneliggande. Metod: En litteraturstudie med sammanställning av kvalitativa studier. Resultat: I resultatet framkom två teman och fem subteman. Första temat upplevelse av vårdmiljöns betydelse för integritet och värdighet, med subtema en miljö som delas med andra och att vara i en miljö som gör patienten utsatt och i beroende till vårdpersonal. Andra temat upplevelser av vårdmiljöns betydelse för trygghet och gemenskap med subtema att kunna dela erfarenheter med andra, fysiska aspekter som kan skapa en lugn och trygg atmosfär och att vara i trygga händer. Slutsats: Både den fysiska och psykosociala vårdmiljön har betydelse för patienternas upplevelse. För att uppnå en optimal vårdmiljö och en personcentrerad omvårdnad är det viktigt att se till patienternas individuella behov. / Background: The health facility environment has traditionally been design by architects. The approach to the patient has switched from a subject to an object, to once again look upon the patient as a subject. Designing and creating new types of health facility environments is an interest that has increased. Problem: Understanding how patients are effected by the health facility environment is necessary for nurses to be able to care for patients in a person-centered way and create conditions for a good health facility environment. Aim: To describe the health facility environment as it is experienced by patients admitted to a hospital ward. Method: A literature review with a compilation of qualitative studies. Results: Findings where categorized in two themes and five subthemes.  The first theme “Experiences of health facility environment and its importance for integrity and dignity”, describes sharing the environment with others and how the environment affect the patient to feeling exposed and addicted to the nursing staff.  The second theme “Experiences of health facility environment and its importance for security and fellowship”, describes how the patient is able to share experiences with others, physical aspects which can create calm and safe atmosphere and to feel safe in the hands of other people. Conclusion: Both the physical and psychosocial health facility environment has importance for the experiences of the patients. Respecting the patients individual needs were important to achieve person- centered nursing care and an optimal health facility environment.
6

Atmosphere in care settings : towards a broader understanding of the phenomenon /

Edvardsson, David, January 2005 (has links)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Umeå : Univ., 2005. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.
7

A intercessão arquitetura e saúde : quando o problema e a falta de espaço na unidade de saúde, qual e o espaço que falta? / The architecture : health intersection

Pessatti, Mirela Pilon, 1973- 18 February 2008 (has links)
Orientador: Sergio Resende Carvalho / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-10T20:50:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Pessatti_MirelaPilon_M.pdf: 1608396 bytes, checksum: 2a72ca5d56f67076013392918fff5f43 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: Este trabalho investiga a intercessão arquitetura e saúde destacando alguns modos como vem ocorrendo a produção do espaço físico nas instituições de saúde. Inicia com uma breve revisão da arquitetura e urbanismo, realçando dois movimentos importantes que influenciaram a formação dos arquitetos nas ultimas décadas, o Movimento Modernista e o Movimento Situacionista, trazendo de forma sucinta como esses movimentos tangenciaram a temática da saúde. Faz uma síntese dos discursos e tendências de alguns autores brasileiros sobre o tema da arquitetura e saúde no Brasil, destacando que determinados modos de tratar e compreender a produção do espaço físico na saúde, assim como seus arranjos, possibilita dar visibilidade à relação desses pensamentos a própria compreensão do processo saúde-doença e aos modos de administração e gestão de que mais se aproximam. Descreve o processo de constituição das normas que regulamentam os Estabelecimentos de Assistência à Saúde, fazendo uma análise sobre os riscos do engessamento e da burocratização que as normas podem gerar e também aponta possibilidades para se lidar com a perspectiva restritiva e normativa da Vigilância Sanitária para além do "agir segundo regras". Relata a discussão do espaço físico numa política pública de saúde específica, a Política Nacional de Humanização no Ministério da Saúde, com uma nova proposta de conceito para a "ambiência" na saúde e modo de co-produção do espaço, com inclusão dos sujeitos trabalhadores, gestores e usuários no processo. Discute possibilidades para um método de co-produção do espaço e suas variações como potência e dispositivo que pode contribuir nas mudanças proposta para a gestão e atenção nas instituições de saúde, usando como material para problematização algumas cenas que são contadas inspiradas em memórias de vivências cotidianas. Conclui apontando alguns desafios e possibilidades para estudos futuros apostando na potência da composição dos saberes na intercessão arquitetura e saúde para a produção do espaço físico na saúde, e na inseparabilidade entre a produção do espaço, a produção de saúde e a produção de subjetividade. Na produção de um espaço que não é dado, estático, morto. E sim, um espaço que se habita, se experimenta e que se produz, onde tem processo de trabalho, encontros entre as pessoas e modos de se viver e conviver nesse espaço / Abstract: This research investigates the architecture-health intercession highlighting some ways the production of the physical space has been occurring in the health institutions. It starts with a brief review of the architecture and urbanism emphasizing two important movements that influenced the formation of architects in the last few decades: the ¿Modernist Movement¿ and the ¿Situational Movement¿ and how these movements influenced the subject of health. It makes a synthesis of the speeches and trends of the authors on the subject of the architecture and health in Brazil, showing that we determine ways to treat and to understand the production of the physical space in the health, as well as its arrangements. It makes possible to give visibility to the relation of these thoughts the proper understanding of the health-illness process and to the ways of administration and management to which they come closest. It describes the process of constitution of the norms that regulate the Health Assistance Establishments, analyzing the risks of bureaucracy that the norms can generate. It also points out possibilities to deal with the restrictive and normative perspective of the Sanitary Monitoring beyond ¿acting according to rules¿. It reports the discussion about the physical space in a public policy of specific health, the National Humanization Policy in the Ministry of Health, with a new proposal of concept for the health ambience, and for the way of co-production of the space with inclusion of the workers, managers and users in the process. It points out possibilities of a method for co-production of the space and its variations as the power and a device that contribute to the changes of the health institutions, using as material for reflection some scenes that were clipped from the daily experience of the author regarding the work of health teams. It concludes by indicating some challenges and possibilities with respect to future studies believing in the power of the knowledge composition in the architecture-health intersection for the production of the physical space in the health, and in the inseparability involving the space production, health production and the production of subjectivity in the production of a space that is not given, static and dead, but a space that is inhabited, where people get experience and produce, where there is a process of work, where people meet, interact and share ways of living and coexisting in this space / Mestrado / Saude Coletiva / Mestre em Saude Coletiva
8

Adaptação cultural e validação do instrumento "Nursing Work Index - Revised" para a cultura brasileira / Cultural adaptation and validation of Nursing Work Index - Revised to brazilian culture

Gasparino, Renata Cristina, 1981- 12 August 2018 (has links)
Orientador: Edineis de Brito Guirardello / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-12T06:51:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gasparino_RenataCristina_M.pdf: 3151695 bytes, checksum: aa41cf80c6b9d81e7b23176333f73544 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: A prática profissional do enfermeiro é definida como um sistema que o apóia no controle sobre o cuidado prestado ao paciente e sobre o ambiente no qual esse cuidado é oferecido. As principais características de ambientes de trabalho que favorecem essa prática profissional são a autonomia, o controle sobre o ambiente e a relação colaborativa entre médicos e enfermeiros. A presença desses atributos no ambiente de trabalho contribuem para obtenção de resultados positivos para os enfermeiros: maior satisfação profissional e menor nível de exaustão emocional - "burnout"; para os pacientes: menor taxa de mortalidade e maior nível de satisfação com os cuidados recebidos e para a instituição: menores taxas de absenteísmo e rotatividade. O "Nursing Work Index - Revised" (NWI - R), é um instrumento que foi desenvolvido para avaliar a presença desses atributos no ambiente de trabalho do enfermeiro, porém não está disponível na cultura brasileira. O presente estudo teve como objetivo realizar a adaptação cultural do NWI - R e validação das suas subescalas, para a cultura brasileira. É um instrumento composto por 57 itens, dentre os quais 15 foram agrupados para derivar quatro subescalas: autonomia, controle sobre o ambiente, relações entre enfermeiros e médicos e suporte organizacional, que têm resultado em alta consistência interna. Para o procedimento metodológico de adaptação foram seguidas as etapas de: a) tradução; b) retrotradução; c) avaliação das equivalências semântica, idiomática, cultural e conceitual por um grupo de seis juízes que sugeriram alterações na maioria dos itens a fim de assegurar essas equivalências e d) pré-teste com 46 sujeitos. Participaram do estudo 278 enfermeiros de três instituições públicas. A validade das subescalas do NWI - R - Versão Brasileira foi avaliada por meio da validade relacionada com critério concorrente, em que as médias dos escores das subescalas foram comparadas com a variável satisfação com o trabalho e percepção da qualidade do cuidado oferecida ao paciente e correlacionadas com a variável intenção em deixar o emprego no próximo ano e pela validade de construto divergente, em que as médias dos itens das subescalas foram correlacionadas com as médias das subescalas do Inventário de "Burnout" de Maslach. Obtiveram-se correlações significantes tanto para a validade relacionada com critério como para a validade de construto. A confiabilidade foi avaliada por meio do coeficiente alfa de Cronbach e resultou em uma consistência interna satisfatória para os 57 itens do instrumento (a:0,95) e para as subescalas autonomia (a:0,63), controle sobre o ambiente (a:0,75), relações entre médicos e enfermeiros (a:0,75) e suporte organizacional (a:0,75). Conclui-se que o processo de adaptação do NWI - R foi realizado com sucesso e a validade e confiabilidade das subescalas foram consideradas satisfatórias, demonstrando a viabilidade da utilização das mesmas para o desenvolvimento de novas pesquisas, na cultura brasileira. / Abstract: The professional practice of a nurse is defined as a system that supports nurse controle over the delivery of nursing care and the environment in which care is delivered. The characteristics of work environment that enhance this professional practice are: autonomy, control over the work environment and relationships with physicians. The presence of these attributes in the work environment may break out positive results to nurses (higher nurse satisfaction and lower emotional exhaustion level - burnout); for patients (decreased mortality and higher patient satisfaction regarding received care) and for institutions (lower rate of absenteeism and turnover). The Nursing Work Index - Revised (NWI - R) was developed to measure these attributes of the nurse's work setting, however they are not available in brazilian culture. This study had the objective to do the cultural adaptation of the NWI - R and validate the subscales. The instrument contains 57 items and 15 were used to develop four subescales: autonomy, control over the work environment, relationships with physicians and organizational support, showing results of high internal consistence. For the methodological procedure of adaptation, the followed stages were: a) translation; b) back translation; c) the valuation of semantic, idiomatic, cultural and conceptual equivalences, which was made by a group of six judges who suggested alterations in most of the items in order to assure these the equivalences and d) pre-test with 46 persons. The sample was comprised of 278 nurses of three public institutions. The validity of the subescales NWI - R - Brazilian Version was evaluated by the validity regarding criterion, where the means of the subescales were correlated with the variables job satisfaction, perception of care quality offered to patients and the intention of leave the job in the following year and validity of divergent construct, where the subscales means were correlated with Inventory Burnout of Maslach subescales averages. Significant correlations were obtained, no only for validity regarding concurrent criterion but also for validity type construct. The reliability was evaluated by used the alpha coefficient of Cronbach showing results of satisfactory internal consistence for the 57 itens of the instrument items (a:0.95) and for the autonomy subscales (a:0.63), control over the work environment (a:0.75), relationships between physicians and nurses (a:0.75) and organizational support (a:0.75). The conclusion is that the NWI - R process of adaptation was accomplished with success and its validty and reliability of subescales were considered satisfactory , showing the viability of the instrument subescales use for the development of new researches in brazilian culture. / Mestrado / Enfermagem e Trabalho / Mestre em Enfermagem
9

Ambiente da prática profissional da equipe de enfermagem em terapia intensiva : The professional practice environment of the intensive care unit nursing team / The professional practice environment of the intensive care unit nursing team

Panunto, Marcia Raquel, 1985- 21 August 2018 (has links)
Orientador: Edinêis de Brito Guirardello / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-21T01:19:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Panunto_MarciaRaquel_M.pdf: 3096396 bytes, checksum: fdd7fac3d0558706a54c1a3d9f754a36 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: A equipe de enfermagem tem enfrentado diversos desafios na assistência, entre eles o de garantir a qualidade e segurança do cuidado em um ambiente de trabalho que nem sempre oferece condições favoráveis para sua prática profissional. Instituições de saúde que oferecem para a equipe de enfermagem autonomia, controle sobre o ambiente de trabalho e colaboração entre médicos e equipe de enfermagem são reconhecidas como ambientes positivos para a prática, tendo como resultado um ambiente seguro e um cuidado de qualidade para o paciente. No entanto, no Brasil poucos estudos têm abordado essa temática. Este estudo teve por objetivos avaliar o ambiente da prática profissional da equipe de enfermagem de unidades de terapia intensiva de adultos e verificar a relação com o burnout, a qualidade do cuidado, a satisfação no trabalho e a intenção de deixar o emprego. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, transversal realizado junto a enfermeiros, auxiliares e técnicos de enfermagem de unidades de terapia intensiva - adulto de hospitais de uma região do interior do Estado de São Paulo. Todos os enfermeiros foram convidados para compor a amostra e, para o grupo de auxiliares e técnicos, a amostragem foi probabilística. Os critérios de inclusão no estudo foram o exercício de atividades exclusivamente assistenciais e tempo de experiência no atual local de trabalho maior ou igual a três meses. Para a coleta de dados utilizou-se: a) ficha de caracterização pessoal, profissional e do ambiente; b) a versão brasileira resumida do Nursing Work Index - Revised; e c) o Inventário de Burnout de Maslach. Para a análise usou-se o SPSSÒ 15.0 for Windows e SAS for Windows versão 9.1.3. Participaram 429 profissionais de 17 hospitais, sendo 30% enfermeiros, 49,2% técnicos de enfermagem e 20,8% auxiliares de enfermagem. Os enfermeiros, auxiliares e técnicos julgaram ter autonomia, controle sobre o ambiente, boas relações entre médico e equipe de enfermagem e suporte organizacional e, na análise multivariada foi possível identificar correlações entre essas características e as subescalas do burnout, com repercussão na percepção da qualidade do cuidado, satisfação no trabalho e intenção de deixar o emprego. Os profissionais com pouca autonomia, menor controle sobre o ambiente e com piores relações com os médicos, manifestaram pior qualidade do cuidado, mais insatisfação no trabalho e maior intenção de deixar o emprego, quando mediadas pelo sentimento de exaustão emocional. Evidenciou-se também que a realização pessoal é um dos domínios do burnout que influencia a qualidade do cuidado e a satisfação no trabalho, o que significa que, em ambientes com características positivas, os profissionais se tornam mais realizados, se sentem mais satisfeitos e percebem o cuidado prestado com qualidade. Em contrapartida, o sentimento de despersonalização apresentou correlação apenas com autonomia e não influenciou nas variáveis de resultado. Ressalta-se a importância da realização de outros estudos para avaliar o ambiente da prática profissional que considerem também os profissionais de nível médio, uma vez que representam a maioria dos profissionais que presta assistência aos pacientes nas instituições de saúde no Brasil / Abstract: Nursing workers face many challenges in care delivery, among them that of ensuring quality and safe care in work environments that do not always provide favorable conditions for professional practice. Health facilities enabling nursing professionals to work with autonomy, to have control over their work environment, and encouraging collaboration between physicians and the nursing staff are acknowledged as positive environments for healthcare practice and result in safe and quality care delivered to patients. Nonetheless, few studies in Brazil address this subject. This study's objective was to evaluate the professional practice environment of nursing staffs working in adult intensive care units and verify its relation with burnout, quality of care, job satisfaction, and intention to leave the job. It is a cross-sectional quantitative study conducted with nurses, nursing technicians and assistants working in adult intensive care units in hospitals from a region in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. All the nurses were invited to participate in the study and probabilistic sampling was used to select the nursing assistants and technicians. Inclusion criteria were: performing patient care activities exclusively and having experience in current work of at least three months. The following were used to collect data: a) personal, professional and work environment characterization form; b) Brazilian brief version of the Nursing Work Index-Revised; and c) Malasch Burnout Inventory (MBI). SPSS for Windows version 15.0 and SAS for Windows version 9.1.3 were used for data analysis. A total of 429 professionals from 17 hospitals participated in the study: 30% were nurses, 49.2% were nursing technicians and 20.8% nursing auxiliaries. The nurses and nursing technicians and assistants reported autonomy, control over the work environment, good relationships between physicians and the nursing staff and organizational support. The multivariate analysis revealed correlations between these characteristics and the MBI's subscales with repercussion on one's perception of quality of care, job satisfaction, and intention to leave the job. The professionals with little autonomy, low control over the work environment, and poor relationships with physicians manifested worse quality of care, greater dissatisfaction with work, and greater probability of quitting their jobs when mediated by emotional exhaustion. Personal accomplishment is one of the MBI's domains influencing quality of care and job satisfaction, that is, professionals working in positive professional environments feel more satisfied and perceive quality care. In turn, depersonalization was correlated only with autonomy and did not affect the outcome variables. Further studies are needed to evaluate the professional practice environment also considering the perspective of professionals with technical education since these represent the majority of professionals delivering care to patients in Brazilian healthcare facilities / Mestrado / Enfermagem e Trabalho / Mestra em Enfermagem
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Patienters och sjuksköterskors upplevelser av hur miljön på vårdavdelningar påverkar sömnen : En litteraturöversikt

Blückert, Mikaela, Nitz, Elizabet January 2020 (has links)
Bakgrund: Sjukhus upplevs för många som en främmande plats där vårdmiljön innehåller flera sömnstörande intryck. En störd sömn kan på sikt orsaka ohälsa, obehag och försämrad läkning hos patienter. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att belysa patienternas upplevelser av hur vårdmiljön påverkar sömnen på vårdavdelningar, samt utforska sjuksköterskornas upplevelser av hur vårdmiljön påverkar patienternas sömn. Metod: Syftet har besvarats med hjälp av en litteraturöversikt. De ingående artiklarna som inkluderats har varit av kvalitativ ansats samt multimetodsstudier med kvalitativa inslag. Litteratursökningen har genomförts i databaserna PubMed, CINAHL, PsycInfo, Svemed+ och Google Scholar. De inkluderade studierna i detta arbete har genomgått en kvalitetsanalys där de erhållit medel till hög kvalité. Resultat: Resultatet har sammanställts i fyra huvudkategorier med tillhörande underkategorier. I resultatet framkom det att vårdavdelningens klimat med allt från ljud och buller till ljus och en skiftande temperatur påverkade patienternas sömn. Avdelningens omvårdnadsrutiner och den medicintekniska utrustningen var orsaker till sömnstörningar och rubbad dygnsrytm. Det egna upplevda hälsotillståndet med såväl fysiska som psykiska aspekter, till följd av symtom och påfrestande tankar gjorde det svårt att sova. Patienterna och sjuksköterskorna upplevde att möten och interaktionen med andra patienter och vårdpersonal väckte känslor som i olika avseenden påverkade sömnen. Slutsats: Med anledning av studiens resultat kan slutsatser dras att området är komplext och att mer forskning behövs, i synnerhet på sedvanliga vårdavdelningar. En bredare kunskapsbild gällande sömn skulle därmed innebära att fler åtgärder tillämpas kliniskt i syfte att främja patienters sömn. / Background: The health facility environment is an unaccustomed place which is filled with sleep disturbing impressions. Disturbed sleep contributes to illness, discomfort and a decreased healing process for the patients. Aim: The aim of this study was to illustrate the patients experiences of how the health facility environment affects the sleep of patients in hospital wards and explore nurses experiences of how the health facility environment affects the patients sleep. Method: To answer the aim of this study a literature review was conducted with qualitative and multimethod studies. The literature search used the databases PubMed, CINAHL, Psycinfo, Svemed+ and Google Scholar. The included articles in this study has passed through a quality analysis and have received average- to high quality. Results: The results have been put together in four main categories with associated subcategories. The results showed that the ward climate with sound and noise to light and a changing temperature affected the patients sleep. Nursing care routines and the medical equipment were causes of sleep disorders and deranged circadian rhythm. The own state of health with physical and mental aspects, as symptoms and stressful thoughts were experiences that made it hard to sleep. The patients and nurses experienced that encounters and interactions with other patients and staff evoked emotions which in different ways affected the sleep. Conclusion: With reason to this study conclusions can be made that this field of care is complex and more research is needed, especially at customary wards. A wider knowledge regarding sleep would mean that more measures can be applied clinically to promote patients sleep.

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