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Specialistsjuksköterskors erfarenheter av Mental Health Literacy (MHL) hos unga vuxna : En intervjustudie / Psychiatric nurses’ experiences of Mental Health Literacy (MHL) in young adults : An interview studyBondesson, Sandra, Louise, Malmberg January 2024 (has links)
Psykisk ohälsa är ett globalt problem och unga vuxna är en särskilt utsatt grupp. Mental Health Literacy (MHL) är en modell som innefattar fyra komponenter avseende psykisk hälsa och ohälsa. God MHL bidrar till att stärka psykisk hälsa och kan vara en förutsättning för tidig upptäckt och behandling av psykisk ohälsa, det är därför viktigt med en större förståelse för unga vuxnas MHL ur ett omvårdnadsperspektiv. Syftet med studien var att undersöka specialistsjuksköterskors erfarenheter av unga vuxnas MHL. En kvalitativ metod med abduktiv ansats användes. Tio semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes på allmänpsykiatriska specialistmottagningar för vuxna och analyserades med kvalitativ innehållsanalys. I resultatet framkom fyra teman: erfarenheter av unga vuxnas förståelse att kunna uppnå och upprätthålla god psykisk hälsa, erfarenheter av unga vuxnas förståelse för psykiatriska tillstånd och hur de behandlas, erfarenheter av unga vuxnas upplevelse av stigma relaterat till psykisk ohälsa samt erfarenheter av unga vuxnas hjälpsökande. Unga vuxna har en ökad kunskapsnivå gällande psykiatriska tillstånd men en bristfällig förmåga att omsätta kunskapen till ett adekvat självomhändertagande. Vissa diagnoser var mer stigmatiserande och det fanns oklarheter angående hjälpsökande. Sjukvårdens kunskap om unga vuxnas MHL behöver förbättras för att främja god personcentrerad omvårdnad. Forskning inriktad på implementering av personcentrerad psykiatrisk vård behövs. / Mental illness is a global problem, and young adults is a vulnerable group. Mental Health Literacy (MHL) is a model that includes four components relating to mental health and illness. High levels of MHL contributes to strengthening mental health, can prerequisite early detection and treatment of mental illness, it´s therefore important to increase understanding of young adults’ MHL from a nursing perspective. The aim of the study was to explore mental health nurses’ experiences of MHL among young adults. Qualitative method with an abductive approach was used. The datamaterial was analyzed with qualitative content analysis. Ten semi-structured were conducted at psychiatric specialist clinics for adults. The results showed four themes: experiences of young people’s understanding for obtaining and retaining mental health, experiences of young people’s understanding of mental illness, experiences of young people and stigma in relation to psychiatric conditions, and experiences of young people’s help-seeking. Young adults have an increased knowledge regarding psychiatric conditions but lack ability to convert the knowledge into adequate self-care. Some diagnoses are more stigmatizing, and there´s uncertainty where the young adults can receive help for their mental illness. The health care organization needs better knowledge of young adults' MHL to promote psychiatric person-centred care.
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Varför används inte friskvårdsförmåner? : En intervjustudie genomförd på IKEA Industry Älmhult AB med fokus på anställdas användande av friskvårdsförmåner utifrån lärande och hälsolitteracitetAxelsson, Sanna, Karlsson, Lisa January 2014 (has links)
IKEA Industry Älmhult AB erbjuder en rad förmåner. De arbetar med olika former av friskvård, dels företagshälsovård och arbetsmiljö men även friskvårdsbidrag, massage och olika hälsoundersökningar samt tester. Företagets vision är att ovanstående satsningar ska främja personalens hälsa men menar att de används i liten utsträckning. Syftet med studien var att utifrån ett sociokulturellt perspektiv undersöka de anställdas användande av friskvårdsförmåner vid sin arbetsplats för att synliggöra betydelsen av hälsolitteracitet. Studien genomfördes genom intervjuer med en strukturerad och en semistrukturerad del. Våra data analyserades både kvantitativt och kvalitativt. Resultatet av vår studie visade att 59 % namngav friskvårdsbidrag som en förmån, men endast 28 % använder sig av det. Resultatet visade även att det krävs ytterligare information från företaget och mer lättillgänglig information kring utbud och tillvägagångssätt för att främja användandet av friskvårdsförmåner. Resultatet visade också att eget intresse, kunskap om förmåner samt behov påverkar användandet av förmåner. Vidare såg vi att möjligheten att vara delaktig i beslut gällande förmåner kan motivera anställda att använda dessa. De anställda utbyter information och kunskap genom socialt samspel. De hjälper och stödjer varandra i tolkning av information om friskvårdsförmåner och tillvägagångssätt. De anställda upplever inte att informationen om friskvårdsförmåner är lättillgänglig men vet var de ska söka information om de behöver den, vilket tyder på att de är tillräckligt hälsolitterata. De befinner sig i en arbetskultur som är öppen för lärande genom socialt samspel vilket bidrar till att mycket av informationen och kunskapen sprids kollegor emellan.Våra slutsatser är att bristfällig information, bristande kunskap om förmåner och tillvägagångssätt samt avsaknaden av intresse och behov upplevs som hinder för att använda förmånerna. Vårt förslag till företaget gällande åtgärder rekommenderar vi att sammanställa förmåner i en broschyr, involvera personalen i beslut om förmåner och vara öppna gällande anställdas möjlighet att ställa frågor till kollegor och chefer. I framtida forskning önskar vi studier kring hälsolitteracitet och dess användbarhet i andra kontexter än sjukvården. Vidare önskar vi studier av hur företag kan motivera och inspirera anställda att nyttja friskvårdsförmåner genom att uppmuntra anställda att vara delaktiga i beslut. / IKEA Industry Älmhult AB offer their employees different kind of health promotion privileges, like occupational, massage and health surveys. The company’s vision is that these privileges should work as a health promotion strategy. However, these privileges are used to a low extent. The aim of this study was to examine the use of health privileges by the employees of IKEA Industry in order to highlight the importance of health literacy. To examine this we used the sociocultural theory. We conducted this study through interviews with structured and semi-structured items. We analysed our data quantitatively and qualitatively. The results showed that it required increased information from the company, more accessible information about the privileges and their approaches. The result also showed that interest, knowledge about health promotion privilege and needs affected the extent use of the privileges. Further, involvement in decisions about the health privilege shared to motivate employees to use them. The employees exchanged information and knowledge by social interaction. They helped and supported each other in the interpretation of the information about the privilege and the approach. The employees did not believe that the information about the health promotion privilege were easily accessible but know where they could search information if they needed it. The knowledge about how to search information indicates that they are health literate. The employees work at the company where the culture encourages learning by social interaction. This means that information and knowledge mediates by colleagues. Our conclusions are that information, lack of knowledge about the privileges and how to use it, absence of interest and needs of the privileges are barriers to use them. Our recommendation to the company is to put together a brochure inclosing all the privileges and how to use them. In addition, we recommend the company to involve the employees in decision-making and encourage them to ask questions to colleagues and managers regarding health promotion privileges. Future research should examine health literacy and it’s usefulness in other contexts then health services. Further, we require studies that focus on how company’s can motivate and inspire employees to use health promotion privilege by letting them be a part of decision-making.
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Knowledge about type 2 diabetes mellitus among public health students in ThailandRexhepi, Mihane, Ström Mörnås, Rebecca January 2017 (has links)
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a welfare disease increasing with such a high rate that it, in popular speech, is being called epidemic. To prevent the spread of this disease, future health care workers are in need of a deeper, science-based education. Purpose: The aim of this study is to research the knowledge about T2DM regarding risk factors, nutrition, activity and foot hygiene among public health students at Thammasat University in Bangkok, Thailand. Method: A cross-sectional study was made using a questionnaire. A convenience sampling of public health students were approached and 121 decided to participate. Results: The majority of the students knew that obesity and an unhealthy diet (containing a high amount of fat, sugar and fast food) was correlated with T2DM and associated with negative outcomes of the disease. The students were uncertain or had less knowledge that smoking is a risk factor (79%). The greater part of the participants (73%) thought that people with T2DM should let their feet air dry. 74% of the respondents underestimated the amount of time that was needed to exercise per week to achieve positive results and 63% of the students were dissatisfied with their education regarding T2DM. Conclusion: Although the students overall had good knowledge about T2DM, they also showed a lot of uncertainty and insufficient knowledge in several questions. This was especially distinguished in the questions regarding activity, foot hygiene and risk factors. / Bakgrund: Typ 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) är en välfärdssjukdom som ökar i så snabb takt att den i folkmun kallas för en epidemi. För att förhindra spridningen av sjukdomen behöver framtida vårdpersonal en djupare, evidensbaserad grundutbildning. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka kunskapen kring T2DM, med avseende på riskfaktorer, nutrition, aktivitet och fothygien bland studerande folkhälsovetare vid Thammasat University i Bangkok, Thailand. Metod: Ett bekvämlighetsurval på studerande folkhälsovetare gjordes, varav 121 av 136 studenter deltog. Enkäter användes i denna studie. Resultat: Majoriteten av eleverna visste att fetma och en ohälsosam kost (innehållande hög fetthalt, socker och snabbmat) var korrelerat med T2DM och associerat med negativa konsekvenser av sjukdomen. Majoriteten av studenterna visste inte att rökning var en riskfaktor (79%). Större delen av deltagarna (73%) tyckte att personer med T2DM skulle låta fötterna lufttorka. 74% av respondenterna underskattade mängden fysisk aktivitet som behövdes varje vecka för att uppnå positiva resultat och 63% av eleverna var missnöjda med sin utbildning avseende T2DM. Slutsats: Även om eleverna i allmänhet hade goda kunskaper om T2DM visade de också en hel del osäkerhet och otillräcklig kunskap i flera frågor. Detta särskilt i frågorna gällande aktivitet, fothygien och riskfaktorer.
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Social Determinants of Health and Disparities in Outcomes Related to Cardiovascular Health in Vulnerable PopulationsMiller, Jennifer L. 01 January 2017 (has links)
The purpose of this dissertation was to explore the mechanism of association between social determinants of health (SDH), particularly limited health literacy, and disparate outcomes related to cardiovascular disease in vulnerable populations. Specific aims were to 1) compare quality of life (QOL), anxiety, and depressive symptoms between genders in implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) recipients; 2) examine the association between multi-morbidity burden and QOL; 3) determine whether health literacy levels independently predict CVD risk in the male prison population; 4) examine the relationship between health literacy and decisiveness regarding end of life (EOL) choices, and 5) examine SDH as predictors of perceived poor health status in ICD recipients. Specific aim one was addressed by analysis of data collected from individuals in the Swedish ICD and Pacemaker Registry. Multiple linear regression was used to determine predictors of anxiety, depression, and quality of life in men and women. A higher prevalence of anxiety symptoms in women was noted with no differences in depressive symptoms noted between the genders. The majority of the variance in the predictive models for QOL was explained by the addition of the psychosocial variables for both genders. Specific aim two was addressed by analysis of data collected from individuals in the Swedish ICD and Pacemaker Registry. Logistic regression was used to determine predictors of QOL. Greater multi-morbidity burden was associated with lower QOL in ICD recipients. Specific aim three was addressed by analysis of data collected from male inmates enrolled in a bio-behavioral educational and counselling intervention program to reduce CVD risk. Nonlinear regression was used to determine whether health literacy was an independent predictor of CVD risk while controlling for social and clinical variables. Inmates with adequate levels of health literacy had lower ten year CVD risk profiles than those inmates with inadequate health literacy. Specific aim four was addressed by analysis of data collected from ICD recipients. Multinomial regression was used to determine predictors of decisiveness regarding EOL choices. Within the context of terminal illness, health literacy and race were found to be predictors of decisiveness regrading generator replacement while gender was found to be a predictor of decisiveness regarding the withdrawal of defibrillation therapy. Specific aim five was addressed by analysis of data collected from ICD recipients. Logistic regression was used to determine predictors of perceived poor health status. Residential status in the Central Appalachian region of Kentucky, not working outside the home, higher levels of health literacy, and comorbid depression were predictors of perceived poor/very poor health status.
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Moving Beyond Readability Metrics for Health-Related Text SimplificationKauchak, David, Leroy, Gondy January 2016 (has links)
Limited health literacy is a barrier to understanding health information. Simplifying text can reduce this barrier and possibly other known disparities in health. Unfortunately, few tools exist to simplify text with demonstrated impact on comprehension. By leveraging modern data sources integrated with natural language processing algorithms, we are developing the first semi-automated text simplification tool. We present two main contributions. First, we introduce our evidence-based development strategy for designing effective text simplification software and summarize initial, promising results. Second, we present a new study examining existing readability formulas, which are the most commonly used tools for text simplification in healthcare. We compare syllable count, the proxy for word difficulty used by most readability formulas, with our new metric ‘term familiarity’ and find that syllable count measures how difficult words ‘appear’ to be, but not their actual difficulty. In contrast, term familiarity can be used to measure actual difficulty.
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Improving Environmental Health Literacy and Justice through Environmental Exposure Results CommunicationRamirez-Andreotta, Monica, Brody, Julia, Lothrop, Nathan, Loh, Miranda, Beamer, Paloma, Brown, Phil 08 July 2016 (has links)
Understanding the short-and long-term impacts of a biomonitoring and exposure project and reporting personal results back to study participants is critical for guiding future efforts, especially in the context of environmental justice. The purpose of this study was to evaluate learning outcomes from environmental communication efforts and whether environmental health literacy goals were met in an environmental justice community. We conducted 14 interviews with parents who had participated in the University of Arizona's Metals Exposure Study in Homes and analyzed their responses using NVivo, a qualitative data management and analysis program. Key findings were that participants used the data to cope with their challenging circumstances, the majority of participants described changing their families' household behaviors, and participants reported specific interventions to reduce family exposures. The strength of this study is that it provides insight into what people learn and gain from such results communication efforts, what participants want to know, and what type of additional information participants need to advance their environmental health literacy. This information can help improve future report back efforts and advance environmental health and justice.
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Výchova ke zdraví v programu nižšího sekundárního vzdělávání ve střetu pohledů pedagoga, žáka a rodiče / Health education in the secondary school curriculum from the perspective of the teacher, the student and the parentŠvedová, Monika January 2016 (has links)
The thesis follows the theoretical foundation, options and practical application of Education for Health with regards to the growing significance in Person and Health in school educational programmes. The theoretical part focuses on the history and development in the filed of the Education for Health since the 16th century up until the reformation of the czech educational system after 1989. This part also concentrates on the options of fulfilling and understanding the curriculum goals in the current environment in primary schools. The practical part maps the approach of the Education for Health in a specific primary school environment, which focuses on different opinions of the educator, pupils and parents, with emphasis on the qualitative research. Based on the evaluation of the theoretical basis of the curriculum on the one hand and the practical realization of this domain in the selected school on the other hand, the author suggests possible adjustments in the realization of Education for Health in the specific school. KEYWORDS Health, secondary school, health literacy, value, educator, student, parent
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Zdravotní gramotnost žáků na základní škole / The health literacy of pupils in primary schoolCaudr, Martin January 2017 (has links)
The thesis looks into the health literacy of pupils at Primary school. The main aim of this work is to compare the pupils's health literacy with the computer literacy at chosen Primary school. To find out the level of knowledge, awareness, attitudes and perceptions of pupils in connection with computer and health literacy. Determine the causes of less interest in physical activities and the link between physical activity and health of pupils. The theoretical part deals with the definition of the basic concepts such as health literacy, computer literacy, healthy living, physical activity, etc… with the help of the specialized literature. This part describes the relationship between the pupil's physical activity, healthy lifestyle and health literacy. The practical part compares the level of student's knowledge in the field of computer and health literacy. It finds out the pupil's knowledge which are linked to beneficial effect of physical activities on human health, too. In this part questionnaires which are intended for children from the selected primary school and deal with primarily the level of knowledge of medical and computer literacy will be elaborated. Questions are also pointed at physical activities of students in extracurricular activities, their frequency and the motivation for them. In...
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Examination of access, use and trust for online health information among college studentsShen, Yi January 1900 (has links)
Master of Science / Department of Journalism and Mass Communications / Nancy Muturi / Health disparities are prevalent among ethnic minorities, including immigrants in the United States. These disparities come in the form of low health insurance, low social economic status, ethnic discrimination, language and cultural barriers. As ethnic minorities, international students also suffer from numerous health problems that are associated with their lower social, economic and immigration status when they come to the United States. Health communication is an effective tool for increasing health literacy and for reducing health disparities. Applying the uses and gratification theory and the staged model of trust, the study was conducted among 120 American students and 135 international students to examine the extent to which access to health information, the type of information accessed, how they use it, and how they determine what trustworthy information is differed between the two groups.
Key findings indicate that nutrition is the most common health topic accessed online by college students regardless of place of origin. Though both groups access online health information with the same motivation of information, they use online health information in different situations. Source credibility is the most important factor for college students in determining trustworthy health websites, and government websites and other health organization websites were found to be more trustworthy. The study also provides both theoretical and practical implications, which include consideration of ethnic backgrounds in disseminating health information through online channels and understanding the needs and motivation for people’s access to health information and how they use it to be able to meet those needs. In designing health communication campaigns that target college students, the study proposes that the differences between native-born and international students need to be taken into consideration.
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Vad skapar förtroende i en webbdesign? : En kvalitativ studie av hur webbdesign ska utformas för att uppnå förtroende.Bernadotte, Maria January 2019 (has links)
This project is part of the development phase of a health company called HälsoTanken, that is about to expand as a company. The purpose of the project is to develop HälsoTanken's website to present the company on the web so that the recipient feels confident. In the healthcare industry it is important for the customers to feel trust, therefore we will analyze how web design can be used to achieve trust in the health industry in this study. The background of the study consists of the concepts, risk society and health literacy to understand how people experience risks and expertise in society, as well as underlying knowledge in health. The main areas covered are web design, positive impression on the web and a theory about how the recipient makes their credibility assessment of web pages. The study is conducted by qualitative semi-structured interviews of HälsoTankens primary target group, which are men and women aged 50 to 60 years. The result of the study shows that a lot of text and elements in a web design does not have a positive effect when it comes to creating trust in web pages. However, trust is created through clear structure and professional images on premises. The result was used as the basis for the creation of HälsoTankens new web page, which is presented in the form of a prototype.
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