Techn. Univ., Diss.--Berlin, 2006.

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Although Isaac Watts wrote hymns in the early eighteenth century, some of his hymns, such as “Joy to the World,” “Alas! And Did My Savior Bleed?,” and “When I Survey the Wondrous Cross,” survive today as well-known hymns. However, little has been written about the rhetorical effects of his hymns. This thesis demonstrates that, like any other literary work, Watts’ hymns can be analyzed rhetorically. This thesis analyzes Watts’ hymns with the aid of Louis Montrose’s New Historicism, showing how Watts’ hymns were impacted by the English culture in which he lived and how they impacted the religious culture to which he belonged and preached: the Dissenters. Watts’ hymns were not the only texts that had an impact on the Dissenters. The psalters were considered by many (Calvin, in particular) to be the only acceptable songs for use in worship. Watts responded to this belief with his hymns, showing that God could be praised in other reverent ways. Watts hymns were successful for many reasons, including their easy-to-understand language, their vivid images, and their ability to focus on the heart of man. Watts used his hymns to help Dissenters keep away from error, particularly the new religion of Deism and the sin of pride. Looking through the lens of New Historicism, Watts’ hymns are rhetorical texts, impacting the culture of Dissenters and responding to the larger English culture. Watts possessed great skill as a writer, poet, and preacher, and this thesis shows how his hymns had a thorough impact on the Dissenters’ culture.

Kateřina Grmelová Pražská a florentská neorenesanční architektura 19. století: Kulturně-historické souvislosti a komparace vybraných staveb s renesančními vzory Prague and Florentine Neo-Renaissance Architecture of the 19th Century: Cultural and Historical Background and Comparison of Selected Edifices with the Models from the Renaissance Era THESIS ABSTRACT The thesis deals with the cultural and historical background of the 19th century which influenced the visual aspect of the architecture of that time, as well as its popularity. It compares selected Neo-Renaissance edifices in Prague and Florence with the models from the Renaissance era. The theoretical part of the thesis describes the milieu of the 19th century with the objective to better understand the ideological sources of the Neo-Renaissance architecture and thus point to its connections with the society, its ideas, values and ability to deal with changes. There are described only the moments which formed the visual aspect of the 19th century architecture. Based on the analysis of texts written in the 19th , 20th and 21st centuries, the thesis describes the reasons why the Historicist, precisely the Neo-Renaissance architecture found its inspiration in the past, why it was so popular and how it was perceived by theorists of architecture and by...

Cette thèse analyse l’évolution de l’historiographie de la République fédérale d’Allemagne et, plus particulièrement, l’affirmation de la nouvelle histoire sociale à la lumière du rapport complexe que les historiens ouest-allemands ont entretenu avec l’historisme et la tradition historique allemande. On s’efforce de montrer dans quelle mesure les réorientations méthodologiques sont allées de pair avec l’émergence de nouvelles interprétations de l’histoire nationale et du Sonderweg allemand. On porte également une attention particulière au problème de la continuité de l’historiographie allemande entre la République de Weimar et la République fédérale d’Allemagne. C’est pourquoi la première partie de notre travail examine l’influence que Hans Rosenberg et Eckart Kehr, qui avaient rompu dès la fin de la République de Weimar avec l’histoire des idées pratiquée par Friedrich Meinecke, ont exercée sur les historiens ouest-allemands dans les années 1960. La seconde partie étudie le rôle que l’histoire structurelle a joué dans la transformation de l’historiographie allemande après la Seconde Guerre mondiale et dans la genèse de la nouvelle histoire sociale. L’histoire sociale critique, qui s’est affirmée, à partir de la fin des années 1960, sous l’impulsion décisive de Hans-Ulrich Wehler et de Jürgen Kocka, a été toutefois rapidement soumise à la critique des Cultural Studies et de l’histoire culturelle : on montrera dans la troisième partie que la concurrence entre ces deux orientations disciplinaires a conduit à une réflexion nouvelle sur les singularités de l’histoire allemande et à la remise en question de la valeur heuristique du Sonderweg. / This work studies the development of the historiography of the Federal Republic of Germany and more specifically the gradual pervasiveness of the new social history in the light of a complex relationship that historians from the Federal Republic have maintained with historicism and the German historical tradition. We shall try to demonstrate to what extent renewed research methodologies have accompanied the emergence of different interpretations of the national history and the German Sonderweg. We shall equally shed a more specific light on the question of the continuity of German historiography across the Weimar Republic and the Federal Republic era. Based on these grounds, the first part of our work provides an insight into the influence of Hans Rosenberg and Eckart Kehr, which prevailed over the community of historians in West Germany during the 1960’s, after they broke up with the doctrine of history of ideas theorized by Friedrich Meinecke, well before the end of the Republic of Weimar. The second part studies the role played by structural history in the transformation of German historiography after the Second World War and the formation of the new social history. Critical social history, whose emergence in the late 1960’s, through the decisive impetus of Hans-Ulrich Wehler and Jürgen Kocka, was nonetheless confronted to the criticisms from the Cultural Studies and cultural history: in the third part, we shall show how the opposition between these two academic orientations has resulted in a renewed reflection on the specificities of German history and the re-questioning of the heuristic value of Sonderweg.

COSTA, Paulo Alberto Viana da. Popper, o historicismo, e o método das ciências sociais. 2011. 99f. – Dissertação (Mestrado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Pós-graduação em Filosofia, Fortaleza (CE), 2011. / Submitted by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2013-11-08T13:29:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2011-DIS-PAVCOSTA.pdf: 689196 bytes, checksum: 6412682afa1f4f001e27e44a8ec7fd17 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Márcia Araújo(marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2013-11-08T14:59:52Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2011-DIS-PAVCOSTA.pdf: 689196 bytes, checksum: 6412682afa1f4f001e27e44a8ec7fd17 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-11-08T14:59:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2011-DIS-PAVCOSTA.pdf: 689196 bytes, checksum: 6412682afa1f4f001e27e44a8ec7fd17 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / From the critic of the historicism and holism it searches to present the method of the social sciences as it is proposed by Karl Popper. After a short exposition about the method of the natural sciences and some of its components, namely the concepts of deductive method, falseability, and corroboration, historicism is defined and criticized. Through the use of some examples based in XX century physics it shows how is possible to disprove historicism, showing that a prima facie deterministic theory can not ensure the determism of the world, nor of its forecasts. It defines the so called situational analysis, which maintains social that the social sciences task is the explanation of typical situations. Indicates the origin of this concept e its major influences as well as its limits. Exhibits why situational analysis can not be the sole method of the social sciences, and why psychology can not be eliminated from the study of some social situations. / A partir da crítica do historicismo e do holismo, busca apresentar o método das ciências sociais como proposto por Karl Popper. Após uma breve exposição do método das ciências naturais e discussão sobre alguns de seus componentes, a saber os conceitos de método dedutivo, falseabilidade, e corroboração, o historicismo é definido e criticado. Por meio do uso de certos exemplos baseados na física do século XX, mostra como é possível refutar o historicismo por provar que uma teoria em prima facie determinista não pode assegurar o determinsmo do mundo nem de suas previsões. Define a chamada análise situacional, que afirma ser a tarefa das ciências sociais a explicação de situações típicas. Mostra a origem desse métodos e suas principais influências, bem como seus limites. Exibe porque a análise situacional não pode ser o único método das ciências sociais e porque a psicologia não pode ser eliminada do estudo de certas situações sociais.

abstract: Globalization has brought a renewed interest in the discourses of the past and national/ethnic identities that has been reflected in the cultural production and the social sciences around the globe. Historical novel (and their sequel telenovelas), a literary field closely linked to historiography, reflects, and has contributed to (re)shape the discourses of the past and identity in Latin America. Since the first decades of the 19th century until nowadays, Colombian novelists have explored Colombian identity through historical novels. Their plots and characters are highly influenced by new historiographical trends. During the19th and the first half of the 20th century, Romantic and Realist novels were generally constructed over historicist assumption of the past: the belief that it is possible to acquire a completely “objective” knowledge of the past. However, some outstanding Colombian historical novels, such as La Marquesa de Yolombó (1928), challenged this notion of the past. Since the last decades of the 20th century, Colombian historical novels share an attitude toward the past that Linda Hutcheon has defined as Historiographical Metafiction. This approach to history challenges the idea of an objective total history, and emphasizes the importance of the personal experiences, the subjectivity, of their characters and of the narrative voices. Donde no te Conozcan (2007), Trí¬ptico de la Infamia (2016), and Mancha de la Tierra (2014) are three Colombian historical novels written in the 21st century that share this attitude towards history. They question the nineteenth-century interpretations of Colombian history, especially those related to the role of Jews, Moors, Indigenous, Africans, and mestizos in the colonial social dynamics, and, therefore, in Colombian culture. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation International Letters and Cultures 2018

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No. of bitstreams: 1 rafaelbezerradesouzamoreira.pdf: 780171 bytes, checksum: ea16d2f5829c9ac0f019172976a163b6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Este trabalho propõe investigar o estatuto filosófico da pessoa e dos direitos humanos, segundo a corrente filosófica do historicismo axiológico. Para tal, reunimos as principais obras do seu fundador, o jusfilósofo brasileiro Miguel Reale, com o intuito de relacionarmos suas compreensões com os representantes do criticismo transcendental, da fenomenologia, da antropologia filosófica e do direito. No historicismo axiológico, os valores emanam da pessoa, compondo o seu ser e possuindo uma tripla função: constitutiva, gnosiológica e prática. Constitutiva porque ao longo do devir histórico a pessoa se manifesta através da criação dos bens culturais, os quais possuem uma estrutura radicalmente axiológica. A função gnosiológica decorre de que o conhecer se torna valorar, a partir, sobretudo, da instauração da linguagem, que é um instrumento necessário para o acesso ao conhecimento. A função prática está relacionada às condutas éticas, pois os valores são compreendidos enquanto sentidos de agir, pautados pelo dever de respeito que incide nas relações intersubjetivas. O historicismo axiológico possui como método a dialética da implicação e da polaridade. Isto quer dizer que a correlação necessária entre os valores habita o ser mesmo do homem, sem que um termo se resolva no outro. A própria constituição dos valores é tensional, sendo que um valor só adquire plenamente seu significado em relação aos demais valores. Assim, ao longo do existir histórico, a pessoa constitui os valores, os quais expressam o mundo à sua imagem. Ao lado do mundo natural, o homem ergue um segundo mundo, que engloba o primeiro: é o mundo cultural, representado pela união entre ser e dever-ser. A unidade do mundo cultural é garantida pela própria pessoa, enquanto valor-fonte, de onde provêm os demais valores. Por ser fruto de longa maturação e ultrapassar seu próprio tempo histórico, os valores mais basilares superam as circunstâncias históricas e adquirem universalidade, por representar o espírito. Mais do que isso, estes valores fundamentais – que chamamos de invariantes axiológicas –, são condição de possibilidade da emergência dos outros valores, razão pela qual possuem uma inafastável dimensão transcendental, saindo do plano ôntico da história para o plano metafísico da conjetura. Quem diz história, diz inovação e abertura ao futuro. A liberdade radical do espírito exige que este se volte não só para a garantia dos bens já conquistados, mas garanta a possibilidade de se constituir novos bens valiosos. O direito, parte integrante da pessoa, requer esta análise axiológica de sua estrutura, para ser enxergado em sua integralidade. Os direitos humanos, neste sentido, se configurarão como a versão normativa das invariantes axiológicas. / In this research, we‟ll investigate the philosophical status of the person and the human rights, according to the axiological historicism theory. In this way, we gather the main works of its founder, the brazilian philosopher Miguel Reale. We‟ll relate his understandings with the transcendental criticism, the phenomenology, the philosophical antropology and the Law. For axiological historicism, the values come from the person, making up the essence of the self, having a triple role: constitutive, gnoseological and practical. The constitutive function is relationated with the fact that person builds the world creating cultural goods, composed by values. The gnoseological function derives from the finding that knowledge brings itself the question of values, principally through the introduction of language. The practical function is linked with ethical conducts, because values are understood as meanings of action, imposing a duty to respect to others. The axiological historicism uses the dialectical method of implication and polarity. So, there is a necessary relationship between opposites in the heart of person‟s concept, without a synthesis that suppresses them, but recognizes its complementarity, reflecting the structure of the value itself. Thus, the values are the person. Encompassing the world of nature there is the world of culture, which is formed by the values and the subjective meanings. It‟s the person that gives the unity required by the world of culture, becoming the source-value of it and of the other values. Of course values are understood in their historical contingency, but there is a kind of values enhanced and optimized in time, that become product of the spirit in its universality: we call them axiological constants. They‟re conditions of possibility of values‟ emergence, going beyond history and reaching the metaphysics‟ plane. When referring to history, we‟re referring to inovation and future. The spirit‟s radical freedom requires the guarantee of valious goods, but requires an open perspective to future too. In this sense, Law is an indispensable image of person, and has a strong axiological structure. Human rights, in this conception, are the normative version of the axiological constants.

The student will compile a thesis about the period of dogmatic socialist realism in czech architecture in 1950s. The student will start with a definition of this style, will try to reconstruct a theoretical resources and fundamental parts of socialist realism and then determine the pre-stages in the architecture before the second world war. The attention will be focused on influnces and imports from The Soviet Union including the journeys of czechoslovakia architects there between 1920s-1930s and in 1950s. Own architecture production of dogmatic socialist realism in Czechoslovakia will be shown on chosen buildings in Prague (hotel Jalta, hotel International…). From this selection the student will determine its specifications and if it is possible to infer them based on the comparsion with the other buildings in Czechoslovakia. Keywords architecture, socialist realism, Prague, 1950s, ideology, The Soviet Union, historicism

Sir Arthur Conan Doyle’s short stories about the character Sherlock Holmes are known by many people, they excited readers when he first released the stories in different magazines, and they still excite readers to this day. This essay aims to explore the social dimensions in Conan Doyle’s first and last Sherlock Holmes story by searching for indications of social status and formality. The theory that is being used is the new historicist approach, where there is a contrast between the literary and the non-literary texts, meaning that the stories may be affected by what happened in the society when the stories were written. The conclusion for the essay is that characters in both stories are in the beginning not of a higher class, rather a middle class, whilst in the last they become less dependent on one another, they do not need to live together anymore but, they choose to keep working together. Lastly, this essay is about the Swedish classroom and gives examples of how a teacher could use these stories in their classrooms.