The site analysis and mapping methods in the design and planning professions follow a standardized quantitative and qualitative analyis of place that favors a design process which can limit creativity and render it difficult to do anything with the normative. This work is an exploration of the development of a design approach and method that uses voice mapping as a basis for design. The voice maps contain oral histories and personal accounts of landscape experiences. Voice mapping is employed not only as a method or for site analysis but also as a generator or ideas. Voice Map Trekking is explored through a trek in the Canadian Arctic and across the Canadian Prairies. Two specific landscapes were chosen as bases for testing concepts - one near St. Gertrude SK and the other near Morinville AB.

Most women who desired women in the period 1910-1965 did not have the identity categories “lesbian” and “bisexual” available to them. Even in this linguistic vacuum, however, many were able to explore same-sex relationships, to engage in physical sexual activity with women, and even to form community on the basis of same-sex desire and behaviour. How were they able to understand themselves in relation to the homophobic world in which they lived? This dissertation examines the lives of lesbians and bisexual women in English Canada between 1910 and 1965, focusing particularly on the formation of subjectivity in relation to same-sex desires, relationships with partners and families of origin, sexual practices, and community. An analysis of oral testimonies, of journals, and of love letters shows that particular life events—the first awareness of same-sex attraction, physical exploration of that attraction, the finding of a language with which to describe same-sex desires and relationships, the first important same-sex relationship, and the finding of community—served as turning points in the formation of subjectivity. The story of that journey was later expressed as a linear and essentialist “coming out” narrative in which the individual triumphed over homophobia and ignorance and discovered her true self. That narrative structure is both understandable in the context of essentialist definitions of sexual orientation and a politically necessary one, given the need for a single identity category under which to campaign for legal and social recognition. The two dominant formulations of same-sex relationships between women before 1965—the “romantic friendship” and the “butch-femme relationship”— have obscured and made culturally unintelligible the lives of lower middle-class lesbians and bisexual women who were neither politically active nor fighting publicly for urban lesbian space. This dissertation analyses the lives of this neglected group of women and argues that their subjectivities were constructed not only in relation to sexual attraction, but also in relation to class. Middle-class ideas of respectability and an antagonism to bar culture resulted in the formation of class-specific lesbian subjectivities. This dissertation also suggests that women in same-sex relationships before the allegedly more liberal decades of the late twentieth century may actually have had slightly better relationships with families of origin than would later be the case. Greater adherence to notions of duty and obligation, fewer economic opportunities enabling women to live independently of family, the lack of a publicly available discourse of pathology with which families could define and reject their wayward daughters, and the lack of later notions of “alternative” lesbian families and community meant that many remained rather closer to their families than would lesbians after 1965.

Aquesta tesi s'emmarca en l'anàlisi de la supervivència. A la primera part es proposa una metodologia per estimar els coeficients d'un model lineal amb censura a la resposta i error de mesura a les covariants. Es proposa un estimador consistent que combina les metodologies per estimar models lineals de resposta censurada i, les utilitzades per als models amb variables explicatives mesurades amb error. Els errors estàndard de l'estimador es calculen numèricament mitjançant bootstrap. Algunes simulacions mostren les propietats de l'estimador.A la segona part s'analitzen històries laborals espanyoles. Hi ha tres tipus d'episodis: de treball autònom, per compte d'altri i sense treballar. Es duen a terme els següents estudis: estimació no paramètrica de la funció de supervivència pels diferents episodis; anàlisi de la durada del primer episodi de la història laboral; models de competing risk per a cada tipus d'episodis; i una anàlisi longitudinal dels cinc primers episodis tractats conjuntament. / This thesis is about survival analysis. The first part is focused on linear regression models with a censored dependent variable and, the explanatory variable contaminated with measurement error. A methodology which produces consistent estimates of the regression coefficients is proposed. It combines the procedures for fitting linear models with censoring and, the estimation methods for linear models with measurement error. Standard errors of the estimator are computed using the bootstrap method. The performance of the estimator is evaluated by Monte Carlo studies.The second part analyzes data about Spanish labor market histories. We study the duration of three types of labor spells (self-employment, wage-earner and non-working). We carry out several analyses: non-parametric approaches of the survival functions for several sets of spells a standard duration analysis for the first spells of the labor history a competing risk analysis for each type of spell; and a longitudinal analysis for the five early spells of the labor histories.

Facades are popular in modern buildings and are made of different materials such as pre-cast concrete, glass, aluminium, granite or marble and steel. During recent times seismic activity in densely populated areas has resulted in damage and a consequent loss of life. There were many types of building failure, including failure of building facade systems. Facade systems are highly vulnerable and fail more frequently than the buildings themselves with significant devastating effects. During an earthquake building frames suffer large interstorey drifts, causing racking of the building facade systems. The facade systems may not be able to cater for such large deformations and this can result in either functional or total failure at the facade connections or damage by pounding (impact) with adjacent facade panels. Façade failure and collapse can cause serious damage to buildings and injury to people in the vicinity. Moreover, facade represent between 10- 20 % or more of the total building cost depending on the size and importance of the facility and facade material (Facades1980). Considering the cost and safety issues, the importance of a well designed facade system on a building needs to be emphasised. In modern buildings, energy absorbing passive damping devices are very commonly used for energy absorption in order to manage the vibration response of multistorey buildings in an earthquake event. A number of manufactured dampers such as Viscoelastic and viscous, friction and yielding dampers are available. These dampers use a range of materials and designs in order to achieve diverse levels of damping and stiffness. This thesis is an investigation of the seismic behaviour of building facade systems and studies the effects of facade and connection properties on this response. The objectives with energy absorbing connections of the study are to determine and control facade distortions and to establish the required connection properties. Finite Element techniques have been used for modelling and analysis of the building frame, facade and connections. Time history analyses under earthquake loadings were carried out to determine the system response in terms of inter-storey drifts, facade distortions, differential displacement between facades and frames and the axial force in horizontal connections. Connection properties with respect to stiffness and energy absorption capability (or damping) have been modelled and varied to obtain the desired response. Findings illustrate the influence of these connection properties on system response and show that it is possible to control facade distortions to within acceptable limits. They also demonstrate that energy absorbing connections are able to reduce inter-storey drifts and mitigate the detrimental seismic effects on the entire building facade system.

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abstract: This thesis explores the ways two contemporary artists engage the archive to challenge ideas calcified through visual culture. Steven Yazzie and Lorna Simpson respond to constructions of history through art making strategies and practices. Yazzie's photogravure Tsosido Sweep Dancer (2009) presents a carefully constructed image of a ceremony drawing on symbols of Indianness to provoke a critical dialogue that questions the role of the American Indian stereotype in the United States imaginary. Simpson's Counting (1991) is a multilayered work that juxtaposes text and image to address the capriciousness of memory, power and other issues found at the intersection of race and gender. These photography-based works draw on the histories of ethnographic and criminal photography to deconstruct the same knowledge that photography helped to construct. Throughout the thesis I examine the relationship of the photographic archive to colonial histories by considering whose history is represented through photography. These thoughtful and challenging artworks contribute to a growing body of work that proposes new narratives drawing on embodied knowledge and experience to create a counter-archive. / Dissertation/Thesis / M.A. Art History 2011

As experiências, individuais e coletivas, no lugar articulam-se formando a matriz de ancoragem para a construção dos significados da paisagem. De outro modo, representa a forma como nos relacionamos com o ambiente, expressando nossas vivências nos lugares. Neste contexto, a migração, enquanto deslocamento fisico, impõe grandes desafios de adaptação aos migrantes. Revelar os significados das paisagens possibilita compreendermos a relação destes com os lugares. Este trabalho apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa empírica que procurou interpretar os significados da paisagem de três famílias migrantes, do norte ao sul do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, em três gerações, a fim de compreender as relações entre seus pares e o lugar. Discute‐se o método utilizado - história de vida familiar - destacando seu percurso de construção e seus potenciais enquanto método de pesquisa. Apresenta a composição das histórias de vida famíliar, evidenciando todo o percurso migratório da família, suas nuances, tramas e sentidos atribuídos aos lugares por onde passaram. Interpreta os significados da paisagem, considerando os contextos da história de vida famliar. Os resultados evidenciam que a paisagem é polissêmica, sendo constantemente resignificada pelos migrantes. Neste processo são levados em consideração o contexto ontogenético (fase da vida), ambiental e social em que a paisagem é rememorada. Desta forma, as leituras sobre a paisagem significada mostram-se vitais às praticas interventivas ambientais e educativas. / Individual and group experiences at a place articulate themselves forming the ground where the landscape meanings are both built from and attached to. In other words, this ground represents the way people relate to the environment by expressing their local life experiences. In this context, displacements carried out by migration events impose a challenge for the migrants own adaptations. By acquainting the landscape meanings, one can understand the relationships of the migrants with the places where they are. In this work I attempted to interpret the landscape meanings of three generations belonging to three different migrant families, from north to south Rio Grande do Sul State, aiming to understand the relationships between the people and their place of living. This study used the "family histories" working method, which is discussed and has its potentials as a research method highlighted in this work. The study also presents the families' history composition, showing their migration routes, nuances, and the feelings assigned to the places they passed by. Finally, this work interprets the landscape meanings taking into account families' history context. Results show a multi-sense landscape which is constantly re-worked by the migrants. Ontogeny (life phases), environment, and social contexts play a role in this process. Thus, the understanding of the landscape meanings are a vital step to the educational and environmental practices.

This dissertation inserts itself in the line of "Formation, knowledge and professional Development" in the PPGE - Program of Post-Graduation in Education of the UFSM - Federal University of Saint Maria. In this work, I considered myself to know the knowledge and the representations, of Helena Ferrari Teixeira, councilman and operating teacher in the decade of 40, in the city of Saint Maria. To know and to analyze the History of Life of this singular teacher, of significant importance for the History of the Women in Brazil, the Education and the Politics had been some of the objectives of this research. To (re)construct its History, I used the Biographical Method Histories of Life, in the Verbal modality, basing itself, also, in other forms of documentation such as periodicals, photographs, depositions and other carried through research already. Of this inquiry, first, had resulted some interviews with the main personage and the collaborators, who had passed for an analytical work, to the light of theoretical referential in the thematic of Sort, memory, Verbal History, Knowledge etc. The (re)construction of the Life History of Helena Ferrari Teixeira, the first woman in Santa Maria in Legislature, was realized also, through interviews with five of its former-pupils. I found in the familiar and/or public archives a significant number of documents and photographs of the teacher, which minutely had been also systemized by me. My work was finished with the production of this composed dissertation for five chapters where, at a first moment, I present the ways that I covered for the arrival to the searched subject, later, I talk with some authors, demonstrating the reason of determined choices in the collection and analysis of the data and in the proper construction of the work. In the following chapter I pass through the quarrel of [re]construction of Histories of Life, having as collaborating and citizen-source people of the third age. And, the sequential chapters, I went deep in the History of Life, properly said, of Helena Ferrari Teixeira, composing this production through its own staffs and professionals. Being thus, I believe that to the look to the knowledge of the professors of a time provided to me to a new signification of other times and lived spaces and meanings for me today. From this, I believe that, looking at the daily knowledge of the professors can, and is, showing itself as one more excellent alternative in the production and/or new signification of the professors knowledge and practical. / Esta dissertação se insere na linha de Formação, Saberes e Desenvolvimento profissional no PPGE Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação da UFSM Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. Nesse trabalho, propus-me conhecer os saberes e as representações, de Helena Ferrari Teixeira, vereadora e professora atuante na década de 40, na cidade de Santa Maria. Conhecer e analisar a História de Vida desta professora singular, de significativa importância para a História das Mulheres no Brasil, na Educação e na Política foram alguns dos objetivos desta pesquisa. Para (re)construir sua História, utilizei o Método Biográfico Histórias de Vida, na modalidade Oral, alicerçando-se, também, em outras formas de documentação tais como jornais, fotografias, depoimentos e outras pesquisas já realizadas. Dessa investigação, primeiramente, resultaram algumas entrevistas com a personagem principal e com as colaboradoras, que passaram por um trabalho analítico, à luz de referenciais teóricos nas temáticas de Gênero, Memória, História Oral, Saberes etc. A (re)construção da História de Vida de Helena Ferrari Teixeira, a primeira mulher do Legislativo Santa-Mariense, foi realizada ainda, através de entrevistas com cinco de suas ex-alunas. Encontrei nos arquivos familiares e/ou públicos um número significativo de documentos e fotografias da professora, que também foram minuciosamente sistematizados por mim. Meu trabalho finalizou-se com a produção desta dissertação composta por cinco capítulos onde, num primeiro momento, apresento os caminhos que percorri para a chegada ao tema pesquisado, posteriormente, converso com alguns autores, demonstrando o porquê de determinadas escolhas na coleta e análise dos dados e na própria construção do trabalho. No capítulo seguinte perpasso pela discussão da [re]construção de Histórias de Vida, tendo como colaboradores e sujeitos-fonte pessoas da terceira idade. E, nos capítulos seqüentes, aprofundo a História de Vida, propriamente dita, de Helena Ferrari Teixeira, permeando essa produção através de seus saberes pessoais e profissionais. Sendo assim, acredito que ao olhar os saberes dos docentes de uma época proporcionou-me uma ressignificação de outros tempos e espaços vividos e significados por mim hoje. A partir disso, acredito que, olhar os saberes cotidianos dos professores pode e está se mostrando como mais uma alternativa relevante na produção e/ou ressignificação de saberes e práticas docentes.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This work was constituted in a research that composed this Dissertation of Master's degree, linked to the Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (PPGE/UFSM) and that looked for an approach with the histories of two teachers' life that acted in the rural teaching of Santa Maria/RS. The purpose that orientated this construction is: to "establish an approach with the histories of two teachers' life that acted in the rural municipal teaching of the municipal district of Santa Maria- RS, in order to (re) count two histories of performance in the rural teaching, crossing the school memories, the formative processes and the educational and professional paths of the collaborators . The methodology is based in a qualitative approach, through the Biographical Histories of Life Method. It was used as instruments of collection of information the oral semistructured interviews and the oral and writing autobiography, what provided me to recount the collaborators' personal and professional paths. As consequence of the study, it is mentioned the bibliographical rising of qualitative stamp that it made possible an approach with the studies on History and Memory, Memory and History of Life, Formation of Teachers and the professional's historical path for the Rural Teaching, History of the Education and of the Literacy and Books of Literacy; and, starting from the instruments of collection of information, the following analysis categories emerged: school memories , "formative processes" and educational and professional paths of two teachers, that along the performance as teachers, they contributed in a significant way to the History of the Education of the city. The elaboration of Projeto-Piloto de Nuclearização das Escolas Municipais Rurais (1989- 1990) and Book of Literacy João-de-Barro (1984) meant for the time and for the group of the Histories of Life, the growth of professional difficulties and it demonstrated the responsibilities assumed with the education of the municipal district when they followed the career of the teaching. Such (re) constructions of Histories of Life checked color, movement and life to the research work, the one that made possible to know "part" of two personal and professional paths of women that represent their pairs and the community "Educational leaderships", "Enterprising teachers" and "Outstanding teachers". / Este trabalho é uma pesquisa que compôs esta Dissertação de Mestrado, vinculada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (PPGE/UFSM) e que buscou uma aproximação com as histórias de vida de duas professoras que atuaram no ensino rural de Santa Maria/RS. O objetivo que norteou esta construção é: estabelecer uma aproximação com as histórias de vida de duas professoras que atuaram no ensino municipal rural do município de Santa Maria - RS, a fim de (re) contar duas histórias de atuação no ensino rural, perpassando pelas lembranças de escola, pelos processos formativos e pelas trajetórias educacionais . A metodologia está fundamentada em uma abordagem qualitativa, através do Método Biográfico Histórias de Vida. Utilizou-se como instrumentos de coleta de informações as entrevistas semi-estruturadas orais e a autobiografia oral e escrita, o que me proporcionou recontar as trajetórias pessoais e profissionais das colaboradoras. Como decorrência do estudo, menciona-se o levantamento bibliográfico de cunho qualitativo que possibilitou uma aproximação com os estudos sobre História e Memória, Memória e História de Vida, Formação de Professores e trajetória histórica da profissional para o Ensino Rural, História da Educação e da Alfabetização e Cartilhas de Alfabetização; e, a partir dos instrumentos de coleta de informações, emergiram as seguintes categorias de análise: lembranças de escola , processos formativos e trajetórias educacionais de duas professoras colaboradoras que, ao longo da atuação como professoras, contribuíram de forma significativa para a História da Educação do município. A construção e a elaboração do Projeto-Piloto de Nuclearização das Escolas Municipais Rurais (1989-1990) e da Cartilha João-de-Barro (1984) significou para a época e para o conjunto das Histórias de Vida, a superação de dificuldades profissionais e demonstrou as responsabilidades assumidas com a educação do município no momento em que seguiram a carreira do magistério. Tais (re) construções de Histórias de Vida conferiram cor, movimento e vida ao trabalho de pesquisa, o que possibilitou conhecer parte de duas trajetórias pessoais e profissionais de mulheres que representam junto a seus pares e a comunidade Lideranças docentes , Professoras empreendedoras e Professoras marcantes .

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2006-09-26Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:53:04Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 kimura_nss_me_mar.pdf: 1143852 bytes, checksum: a3dad97925751c86f7bf247ede91ffa9 (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / A dissertação tem como objetivos: 1) apresentar uma maneira de desenvolver o ensino de língua pela qual seja possível a produção de conhecimentos significativos e que considere a vida e a realidade dos alunos. 2) Produção textual Histórias de Família por meio de um percurso pelo qual os alunos possam viver os processos de produção e tenham a consciência da história familiar. As análises mostram que a escrita do gênero Histórias de Família oferece uma riqueza de dados importantes para se pensar em uma metodologia de ensino voltada para a produção de conhecimentos significativos e uma educação humana mais ampla. Promove a interação com a família e desperta a responsabilidade com as atividades de linguagem, uma vez que a palavra escrita é vista como um trabalho e socializada com interlocutores reais: a família e os leitores das narrativas. / The study here described has two objectives: (1) to introduce a way of developing the study of a language that aims the production of meaningful knowledge and by taking into account the students' life and context; (2) the written production of family histories through a process by which students can experience the writing production process and can become aware of their own family history. The results of the analyses show that the production of the family history genre offers a wealth of important data to think of a teaching methodology focused on the production of meaningful knowledge and of an education that is more broad and human. In addition, the written production of the family history genre provides students with opportunities of interaction with their families and awakens the responsibility and involvement with language based activities so that the written language can be viewed as work and socialized with real interlocutors: the families and the readers of the narratives.