Boosted black holes play an important role in General Relativity (GR), especially in relation to the binary black hole problem. Solving Einstein vacuum equations in the strong field regime had long been the holy grail of numerical relativity until the significant breakthroughs made in 2005 and 2006. Numerical relativity plays a crucial role in gravitational wave detection by providing numerically generated gravitational waveforms that help search for actual signatures of gravitational radiation exciting laser interferometric detectors such as LIGO, VIRGO and GEO600 here on Earth. Binary black holes orbit each other in an ever tightening adiabatic inspiral caused by energy loss due to gravitational radiation emission. As the orbits shrinks, the holes speed up and eventually move at relativistic speeds in the vicinity of each other (separated by ~ 10M or so where 2M is the Schwarzschild radius). As such, one must abandon the Newtonian notion of a point mass on a circular orbit with tangential velocity and replace it with the concept of black holes, cloaked behind spheroidal event horizons that become distorted due to strong gravity, and further appear distorted because of Lorentz effects from the high orbital velocity. Apparent horizons (AHs) are 2-dimensional boundaries that are trapped surfaces. Conceptually, one can think of them as 'quasi-local' definitions for a black hole horizon. This will be explained in more detail in chapter 2. Apparent horizons are especially important in numerical relativity as they provide a computationally efficient way of describing and locating a black hole horizon. For a stationary spacetime, apparent horizons are 2-dimensional cross-sections of the event horizon, which is itself a 3-dimensional null surface in spacetime. Because an AH is a 2-dimensional cross-section of an event horizon, its area remains invariant under distortions due to Lorentz boosts although its shape changes. This fascinating property of the AH can be attributed to the fact that it is a cross-section of a null surface, which, under the boost, still remains null and the total area does not change. Although this invariance of the area is conceptually easy to see it is less straightforward to derive this result. We present two different ways to show the area invariance. One is based on the spin-boost transformation of the null tetrad and the other a direct coordinate transformation of the boosted metric under the Lorentz boost. Despite yielding identical results the two methods differ significantly and we elaborate on this in much more detail. We furthermore show that the use of the spin-boost transformation is not well-suited for binary black hole spacetime and that the spin-boost is fundamentally different from a Lorentz boost although the transformation equations look very similar. We also provide a way to visualize the distorted horizons and look at the multi-pole moments of these surfaces under small boosts. We finish by summarizing our main results at the end and by commenting on the binding energy of the binary and how the apparent horizon is distorted due to presence of another black hole. / text

Isolated and Dynamical horizons are used to generate boundary conditions upon the lapse and shift vectors. Numerous results involving the Hamiltonian of General relativity are derived, including a self-contained derivation of the Hamiltonian equations of general relativity using both a direct 'brute force' method of directly computing Lie derivatives, as well as the standard Hamil- tonian approach. Conclusions are compared to numerous examples, including the Kerr, Schwarzschild-De Sitter, McVittie, and Vaiyda spacetimes. / text

In what ways and under what circumstances can a movie be a resource for individuals and their thoughts about existential matters? This central research question has been investigated using a both quantitative and qualitative approach. First, a questionnaire was distributed amongst 179 Swedish students to provide a preliminary overview of film habits. The questionnaire was also used as a tool for selecting respondents to individual interviews. Second, thirteen interviews were conducted, with viewers choosing their favourite movie of all time. In the study socio-cognitive theory and a schema-based theoretical tool is adopted to analyze how different viewers make use of movies as cultural products in an interplay between culture and cognition in three contexts; a socio-historic process, a socio-cultural interaction with the world and inner psychological processes. Summarizing the interviews some existential matters dominated. Matters of immanent orientation were in the foreground. Transcendental questions received much less attention. Summarizing the schema-based theoretical question, assessing which cognitive schema structures the narratives were processed through, the study found an emphasis on a combination of two main cognitive structures, person schema and self schema. Detailed person schematic cognitive processes about fictitious characters on the screen and their role model behaviour were combined by the respondents with dynamic cross-references to detailed self schematic introspections about their own characteristics, related to existential matters at some very specific moments in their lives. The viewers in the study seem to be inspired by movies as a mediated cultural resource, promoting the development of a personal moral framework with references to values deeply fostered by a humanistic tradition. It is argued that these findings support theories discussing individualised meaning making, developing ‘self-expression values’ and ‘altruistic individualism’ in contemporary western society.

C'est dans son "Orphée Studio", sous-titré "Poésie d'aujourd'hui à voix haute", qu'André Velter parle vraiment d'oralité nouvelle. Déclaration fondée sur l'expérience, ce manifeste de quelques feuillets, rédigés en guise de présentation, est remarquable : simple, enthousiaste et parlant. Tellement prodigue qu'il fut le détonateur de cette thèse. Quatre mille deux cents signes en effet ont suffi à me décider : la nouvelle oralité poétique serait mon sujet. Le terme même d'oralité, trop souvent uniquement appliqué aux griots africains ou aux traditions orales, offre un vaste champ de réalités dès lors qu'il est entendu, non dans son acception moderne, mais bien dans son rapport à la modernité. / It is in his "Orphée Studio", subtitled "Poésie d'aujourd'hui à voix haute", that André Velter really speaks about new poetic orality. Declaration based on the experiment, this proclamation of some layers, written as a presentation, is rare : simple, enthusiastic and speaking. So much prodigal to be it the detonator of this thesis. Four thousand two hundred signs indeed were enough to induce me : new poetic orality would be my subject. The term even of orality, too often only applied to the African griots or the oral traditions, offers a vast field of realities since it is heard, not in its modern meaning, but well in his report with modernity.

Syftet med detta examensarbete är att fördjupa förståelsen för hur studie- och yrkesvägledare ser på sitt uppdrag med särskilt fokus på hur de uppfattar uppdragets likvärdighet. Intresset för detta område har väckts under vår utbildning till studie- och yrkesvägledare på Stockholms universitet och utifrån de diskussioner kring vägledning och vägledares uppdrag som förs i samhället idag. Genom en kvalitativ intervjustudie med examinerade vägledare erhölls en fördjupad förståelse för studie- och yrkesvägledares syn på sitt uppdrag och likvärdigheten i det. Resultatet visar på att vägledarna upplever att de saknar tid och resurser för att genomföra sitt uppdrag som de skulle önska samt att även om de arbetar så likvärdigt de förmår så upplever de inte att studie- och yrkesvägledningen är nationellt likvärdig idag. Det konstateras också att SOU 2019:4 tas emot mycket positivt av vägledarna och att de önskar att förslagen som denna utredning lägger fram skulle lagstadgas. Resultatet har analyserats utifrån Careershipteorin vilket lett till slutsatsen att vägledarnas syn på sitt uppdrag är tätt sammanlänkat med deras handlingshorisont. / The purpose of this dissertation is to deepen the understanding of how career guidance counsellors view their work assignation in particular how they perceive the equivalence within career guidance. The interest in this topic arose during our education to become career guidance counsellors at Stockholm University and was influenced by the current discourse regarding career guidance and career counsellors' work assignations in general. Through a qualitative interview study with educated career guidance counsellors, an in-depth understanding of career guidance counsellors' views on their work assignation and the equivalence within it was obtained. The study concludes that career guidance counsellors experience a lack of time and resources which prevents them from carrying out their work in the way they would like. Though they try to carry out their assignations with as much equivalence as possible, they do not feel that career guidance and counselling is nationally equivalent today. Furthermore, the study concludes that the SOU 2019:4 is perceived very positively by the career guidance counsellors and that they wish the proposals presented within it would be legislated. The results have been analysed using the Careership theory, which has led to the conclusion that the career guidance counsellors’ views on their work assignation are closely linked to their horizons for action.

This thesis explores the topic of Corporate Entrepreneurship in large organizations with regards to how innovations are transferred from an Innovation Department into a receiving Business Unit. It aims to understand this topic by identifying what challenges are common barriers to this transfer process. It also identifies the causes of these challenges. Finally, this thesis establishes what suitable approach can be adapted to address these challenges. To answer these concerns, this research takes a deductive research approach by conducting a qualitative, empirical research through semi-structured interviews within a large Nordic telecommunication company. It also includes, benchmarking against two examples of companies that have developed solutions to overcome similar challenges. This qualitative methodology involves analyzing the interview and benchmarking results in comparison with literature, to confirm or disprove previous research. From the findings, eight categories of common challenges are discovered which are rooted within the innovation strategy of incumbent companies. Based on this research, a framework is developed as an approach to address the challenges of transferring innovations from an Innovation Department into a receiving Business Unit. As contribution to this field of study, this thesis highlights how multiple academic theories such as Corporate Entrepreneurship, Innovation Management and Innovation Strategy can be synthesized to collectively address these challenges. This is done by proposing a solution that is adaptable for different incumbent organizations. The proposed framework uses a stage-gate process that progresses when certain criteria agreed between an Innovation Department and a receiving Business Unit, are fulfilled. This agreement is based on the extent to which the criteria for each stage-gate is achieved in order to transfer ownership of the innovation solution. / Denna avhandling undersöker ämnet företags entreprenörskap i stora organisationer när det gäller hur innovationer överförs från en innovationsavdelning till en mottagande affärsenhet. Den syftar till att förstå detta ämne genom att identifiera vilka utmaningar som är gemensamma hinder för denna överföringsprocess samt orsakerna till dessa utmaningar. Slutligen fastställs lämpliga tillvägagångsättför att hantera dessa utmaningar. För att svara på dessa utmaningar tillämpas en deduktiv forskningsmetod och en kvalitativ forskningsdesign baserat på semi-strukturerade intervjuer inom ett stort nordiskt telekommunikationsföretag. Den inkluderar också benchmarking med två företag som har utvecklat lösningar för att övervinna liknande utmaningar. Denna kvalitativa metod innebär analys av intervjuer samt benchmarking i jämförelse med litteraturen för att bekräfta eller motbevisa tidigare forskning. I resultaten återfinns åtta kategorier av gemensamma utmaningar som är förankrade i innovationskulturen hos befintliga företag. Baserat på resultaten utvecklades ett ramverk för att hantera utmaningarna kring att överföra innovationer från en innovationsavdelning till en mottagande affärsenhet. Som ett bidrag till detta ämnesområde framhävs i denna avhandling hur flera akademiska teorier som corporate entreprenörskap (or intraprenörskap- look it up), innovationsledning och innovationsstrategi kan syntetiseras för att gemensamt hantera dessa utmaningar . Detta görs genom att föreslå en lösning som är anpassningsbar för olika etablerade organisationer. Den föreslagna ramen använder en steg-grind-modellen (look it up) som fortskrider när vissa kriterier som överenskommits mellan en innovationsavdelning och en mottagande affärsenhet är uppfyllda. Processen är baserad på i vilken utsträckning kriterierna för varje steg är uppnådda för att överföra äganderätten till innovationslösningen.

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Videogames are, without doubt, disappearing and the continued – and accelerating – loss of this material denies future generations access to their cultural heritage and robs the next generation of developers historical reference material to draw on. As Henry Lowood [2009] pointed out more than a decade ago, we need to take action “before it’s too late”. The video-paper offers an overview and critique of existing approaches and revisits some of the methodological and conceptual presuppositions that underpin game preservation and even the academic discipline of game studies as a whole. Returning to first principles, the paper asks “What Do Videogames Want?”.

Si la manière de produire une image depuis la reproductibilité technique a toujours été profondément déterminée par la captation d’une réalité physique, le numérique (qui constitue une méthode d’inscription visuelle distincte) devrait, en théorie, modifier la relation du spectateur à ces « nouvelles images ». Toutefois, en pratique, le spectateur fait-il l’expérience des images numériques d’une manière différente de celles issues de la captation? Afin de répondre à cette question, ce mémoire analyse, à l’aide de l’approche sémio-pragmatique, comment le spectateur a conditionné son regard à travers les techniques de la captation (photographie, cinéma et vidéo). Ensuite, cette étude compare les habitudes et les attentes visuelles engendrées par ces techniques aux images numériques. Enfin, cette étude situe le problème de la rupture dans une perspective plus large que celle des techniques afin de poser le questionnement dans toute une tradition de la représentation artistique. / The means of producing an image have always been influenced by the inscription of a tangible physical reality. The digital image, which is a distinct method of visual rendering, should therefore change our relationship to visual representations. However, in reality, is the viewer’s experience of digital images in any way different from those issued by the recording techniques? To answer this question, this thesis mainly analyzes, using the semio-pragmatic approach, how the viewer's perception is conditioned through the recording techniques (photography, film and video). Then, this study compares the habits and visual expectations generated by these techniques with digital images. Finally, this study attempts to expand the problem of digital rupture into a broader perspective, and establish the question in the global tradition of artistic representation.