Les symptômes de conversion hystérique, qui se définissent comme une atteinte fonctionnelle des fonctions motrices et/ou sensorielles sans que l’on puisse en donner une causalité physiologique, posent une énigme à l’explication scientifique et médicale. Cette étude se focalise plus particulièrement sur les paralysies motrices hystériques où les investigations neurologiques récentes sont plus nombreuses et bien documentées. À partir de cette problématique, les représentations des rapports psyché/soma sont interrogées et comparées dans les champs des neurosciences et de la psychanalyse.Dans les neurosciences, les rapports soma/psyché peuvent être ramenés à des conceptions monistes de type physicaliste, qui font du psychisme un épiphénomène issu du traitement de l’information dans les réseaux neuronaux (position qualifiée d’éliminationiste), ou bien à des conceptions dualistes qui s’ignorent plus ou moins suivant les chercheurs.La perspective du nouage borroméen du dernier Lacan, quant à la structure du parlêtre (nouage RSI), nous permettent de montrer les limites des représentations scientifiques (imaginaro-symbolique) de l’être parlant qui n’intègrent pas les dimensions du réel, du symbolique et de l’imaginaire. / Hysterical conversions symptoms, which are defined as functional stoke of sensory and/or motor functions without known physiological causality, ask a serious riddle to scientific and medical theory. This studie is focused on hysterical motor paralysis where neurological investigations are more recents and numerous. Starting from this point, body mind representations are interrogated and compared in the fields of neurosciences and psychoanalysis.In neurosciences, the body mind problem can be reduce to monist physicalist conception, in which psyche is an epiphenomenon stem from information processing in neural networks (this position is called eliminationnism), or can be reduce to differents dualists conceptions which are more or less explicited, depending of autors.The last Lacan’view of borromean knot, which refer to the « parlêtre »’s structure (RSI knot), allow us to show that scientifics représentations (imaginaro-symbolic representations) of human are limited because they don’t take real, symbolic and imaginary registers into consideration.

This thesis explores trauma related to hysteria through themes of confinement, isolation, and motherhood in the works “The Yellow Wallpaper” (1892) by Charlotte Perkins-Gilman, The Haunting of Hill House (1959) by Shirley Jackson, and The Babadook (2014) directed by Jennifer Kent. Hysteria is explored first as a diagnosis and then as a weaponized term meant to keep women facing isolation and grief in a continuous state of oppression. The gothic and gothic horror genres display these themes through the dark nature of the human mind, which is vital in understanding the stories of the female characters discussed and the traumas they face. The setting of the home is used to acknowledge women’s oppression related to trauma as it is a domestic setting that is known for confining women, particularly when trauma is explored through hysteria and the rest cure, the basis in which hysteria and isolation is explored.

No description available.

This thesis investigates the figure of the cyborg as conceptualised by Donna Haraway in The Cyborg Manifesto (1991). The figure of the cyborg, as a transgressive figure in the late twentieth century within socialist feminist discourse, is problematized with regard to its efficacy as a creature that challenges the constructed nature of gender and contests the boundary between human and machine through its ambiguous nature. Haraway’s notions of the cyborg, which she bases partly on cyborg characters from Science Fiction literature, deny the ocularcentric traditions that have structured gender and the body. Similarly, Haraway does not engage adequately with the figure of the cyborg with regard to situating it historically. This thesis unpacks both the visual and the historical aspects that have structured the cyborg body. By engaging with these concepts, the cyborg emerges as a figure that is identified through visual signifiers of female deviance and pathology. By reading female deviance and pathology on the body of the nineteenth-century hysteric, similarities can be drawn between the hysteric and the cyborg. Through a reading of Alien (1979); Blade Runner (1982); and Star Trek: First Contact (1996) key cyborg texts of the late twentieth century, the figure of the cyborg, and its relation to the deviant pathologised female can be understood when read against the body of the hysteric and how it was visually coded and communicated

CHDS State/Local / Effective crisis management and communication is crucial during any catastrophic event, otherwise fear, panic, and mass hysteria can prevail. The public relies heavily on the government (police) and the media for information during a crisis. This thesis focuses on a joint police and media response plan and outlines a preparation plan to assist the public during a terrorist attack or similar crisis. Historically, the police and the media have had opposing views regarding sharing and disseminating information to the public. This report studies the inherent mistrust between both organizations and proposes strategies to overcome the suspicion and build a partnership. Proven community policing models within the Philadelphia Police Department are examined as a potential template for a police and media partnership. Survey results and focus group responses from the police, media, and the community are presented. This document examines national and international lessons learned and offers best practices on providing timely and accurate information, educating and informing the public, and improving communication and trust between the police and the media. The proposed police and media training curriculum breaks down the cultural barriers and develops mutual respect for each individual profession. / Captain, Philadelphia Police Department

This thesis examines the constructions of madness and hysteria as diagnoses used to subjugate the protagonists in Bessie Head’s A Question of Power and Kate Chopin’s The Awakening. In juxtaposing these texts, themes including “lone womanhood” surface to identify both protagonists’ means for liberation from patriarchal and colonialist oppression. While for Edna of The Awakening, liberation from the hysteria diagnosis comes through bodily sovereignty, A Question of Power’s Elizabeth is freed from the madness rendering by reclaiming her mental interiority.

La question de l'essence de la sexualité féminine est l'une de celles qui firent d'emblée le plus débat au sein de la communauté psychanalytique, allant parfois jusqu'à être escamotée (le "continent noir" de Sigmund Freud). Toutefois, on sait que Freud a laissé échapper des bribes d'une théorisation alternative: on y rencontre une femme dotée d'un orifice vaginal, et dont le but sexuel passif est d'être pénétrée. D'où provient cette appétence à accueillir passivement l'autre en soi ? La pénétration génitale dans sa valence passive constitue le but pulsionnel ultime du développement psychosexuel féminin, celui qui permet la reproduction. Toutefois, il semble probable qu'une représentation psychique de celle-ci n'est pas le produit d'une génération spontanée à la puberté (comme l'a parfois suggéré Freud), mais qu'elle plonge ses racines dans les temps prégénitaux: elle ne peut manquer de s'appuyer sur la réalité du corps de la fille comme du garçon, porteur d'une dimension contenante-excitable. C'est pourquoi il nous semble possible d'isoler une composante pulsionnelle spécifique, qui vise le but passif d'être pénétré: une composante pulsionnelle vaginale. Les phénomènes d'influence apparaissent paradigmatiques de la figuration psychique de la pénétration. Nous avons choisi d'en considérer deux modalités: le délire d'influence constitue une résolution, dans le champ psychotique, de l'ambivalence à l'égard du désir vaginal; sous hypnose, la modification de l'état de conscience favorise l 'appétence à s'abandonner aux suggestions de 1'hypnotiseur, en neutralisant, par divers procédés, les résistances du sujet qui relèvent d'un refus du vaginal. / Female sexuality is one of the issues which made at once most debate within psychoanalytical community (the "Black continent", Sigmund Freud said). However, we know that Freud, in some texts, let out fragments of an alternative theory: it offers a woman endowed with a vaginal aperture, and whose passive sexual aim is to be penetrated. Where does this desire to receive passively the other into oneself come from? Genital penetration in its passive form is the ultimate instinctual aim of female psycho-sexual development, the one who enables reproduction. However, it seems likely that a psychic representation of it is not the product of a spontaneous generation during the puberty (as Freud sometimes suggested), but that roots in pre-genital period: it relies without fail on the reality of girl or boy's body, which carries a containing-excitable feature. Accordingly, it seems possible to isolate a specific instinctual component, which aims at the passive purpose to be penetrated: a vaginal instinctual component. Influence's phenomena seem paradigmatic of a psychic figuration of penetration. We chose to consider two modalities of it: delusion of control is a resolution, in the psychotic experience area, of the ambivalence towards vaginal desire; under hypnosis, modified state of consciousness favors surrendering to hypnotist's suggestions, in so far as it neutralizes, by diverse processes, subject's resistances, which recover from a refusal of the vaginal.

A travers Fils de S. Doubrovsky, Le Miroir qui revient d’A. Robbe-Grillet et A l’ami qui ne m’a pas sauvé la vie d’H. Guibert, notre étude abordera par une approche psychanalytique le fantasme à l’oeuvre dans l’autofiction. Reprenant la formule d’A. Robbe-Grillet sans toutefois nous imputer le propos, notre réflexion s’articulera autour de deux axes rendant compte du discours autofictionnel. Dans un premier temps, l’autobiographe est appréhendé dans cette pente à « faire sa propre statue ». Dans un second temps, l’autofictionnaliste y oppose cette volonté à « se projeter hors de soi ». Peu à peu se construit face au père-analyste ou au père-médecin l’imaginaire adolescent d’un fils en proie à ses apories : l’un devient une figure rivale et gémellaire de l’autre autour de cette parole-pulsion et de son économie. Dans ce rapport d’addiction à la Loi qui est autant de désintrication et d’ironie que de nostalgie et d’adhésion, le gynogenre autofictionnel ne semble exister qu’en miroir du phallogenre autobiographique. L’autofictionnaliste ne cesse d’évoquer par une ironie tenant lieu d’exorcisme cet autobiographe qui sommeille en lui. Par une rhétorique psychanalytique volontairement simple, il se présente sous l’image d’un fils soumis à une structure hystérique face à un père dont il déjoue la censure et les pudeurs. Cette figure d’ultra-autobiographe, plus intègre que le père lui-même, ferait de ses voeux autobiographiques une promesse donjuanesque à seule fin de susciter le désir de l’auteur. L’autofictionnaliste jouant à être cet autobiographe plus « ultra » que le père essaimerait quelques leurres se révélant être des figures gratuites, abandonnerait çà et là quelques aveux véridiques mais insignifiants, tendrait à séduire le lecteur et à le faire entrer dans une mécanique du désir dont la fin serait de dominer sa victime par l’indécidable. Il tiendrait le jeu de l’énigme autant qu’il écrirait. Il soutiendrait le désir du lecteur plus qu’il ne dévoilerait. Ainsi, se construirait un texte blanc qui serait ce secret d’un texte à venir sans cesse promis mais qui neviendrait pas, tout le jeu consistant à le faire oublier. / This thesis will study the construction of fantasy in autofictional writing from a psychoanalytical perspective, focusing on Serge Doubrovsky’s Fils, Alain Robbe-Grillet’s Le Miroir qui revient and Hervé Guibert’s A l’ami qui ne m’a pas sauvé la vie. Taking up a phrase by Alain Robbe-Grillet’s, this study will rely on two different axes to inform autofictional discourse: firstly, the autobiography writer is bent on “creating an own statue of himself” while, on the other hand, the autofiction writer sets out to “project an image out of himself”, as it were. Gradually, there emerges the teenage imaginary construction of a son caught up in his aporias when faced with the analyst-father of the doctor-father — one becomes the rival and twin figure of the other as constructed around this drive-discourse. Through its addiction to the Law, which is distanciation and irony as much as nostalgia and allegiance, the autofictional gynogenre seems to exist only as a mirror image of the autobiographical phallogenre. Through irony that is meant as liberation, the autofiction writer keeps referring to the autobiographer in him. Using a deliberately simple psychoanalytical rhetoric, he portrays himself as a son with a hysterical structure having to sidestep his father’s censorship and restraint. This figure of an ultra-autobiographer — which is more reliable than the father — gestures towards autobiography as a Don Juan-like promise with a view to arousing the author’s desire. The autofiction writer who plays at being a more ultra autobiographer than the father, creates luring but gratuitous figures and gives away true but insignificant confessions, as a way of trying to seduce the reader into participating in a mechanism of desire whose purpose is to dominate his victim through ontological undecidability. He is both the one who masters the enigma and the one who writes it. He does not so much reveal the reader’s desire as sustains it. Therefore, a blank text is being built which is that element of secrecy of a text that has yet to come, the whole game consisting in letting it slip from memory.

As crises não-epilépticas são definidas como crises, ataques ou acessos recorrentes que podem ser confundidos com epilepsia, devido à semelhança das manifestações comportamentais existentes entre ambas, mas difere da crise epiléptica por não ser conseqüente de descargas elétricas cerebrais anormais. Podem ter origem fisiogênica ou psicogênica. Os diagnósticos psiquiátricos que mais freqüentemente apresentam-se sob a forma de crises não-epilépticas psicogênicas são o transtorno conversivo e o transtorno de somatização. Na prática clínica, a diferenciação entre crises epilépticas e crises não-epilépticas desafia e confunde os clínicos, os neurologistas e os psiquiatras desde tempos remotos. A introdução da monitorização pelo vídeo-eletroencefalograma vídeo-EEG, considerado o padrão ouro para o diagnóstico diferencial, levou a um aumento significativo no número de diagnósticos de crises não-epilépticas psicogênicas. Apesar de se tratar de uma situação clínica de difícil manejo, com conseqüências médicas e sociais significativas, fica evidente que o conhecimento técnico e instrumental sobre as crises não-epilépticas psicogênicas são insuficientes para abordar este problema. O objetivo geral deste estudo é de o de enriquecer a compreensão das crises não-epilépticas psicogênicas, nos últimos quarenta anos. As condições de emergência histórica e as implicações práticas do conceito de crise não-epiléptica psicogênica foram investigadas. Para tanto, foram selecionados artigos que abordam o conceito de crises não-epilépticas psicogênicas em três periódicos de neurologia e em três de psiquiatria. Esta pesquisa partiu de projetos epistemológicos que possibilitam um pensamento reflexivo sobre a produção de conhecimentos científicos, no que diz respeito à formação, às mudanças e à formalização dos conceitos, teorias e práticas. Houve uma aproximação da metodologia histórico-epistemológica de Canguilhem e Bachelard, passando pela análise crítica de Foucault e alcançando o pensamento hermenêutico de Habermas e Gadamer. Foi verificado que os conceitos de histeria e epilepsia vêm sendo reformulados, ao longo do tempo. As crises não-epilépticas psicogênicas foram demarcadas em períodos. Na década de 1970, predominam os artigos que discutem a redução da prevalência da histeria e da personalidade histérica nas mulheres. Na década de 1980, existe uma preocupação com a formulação de diagnósticos através de instrumentos e entrevistas padronizadas e um aumento explosivo do número de artigos, dos periódicos de neurologia, que discutem o uso do vídeo-EEG. Na década de 1990, surgem os artigos que abordam os múltiplos diagnósticos psiquiátricos e as pesquisas sobre o abuso e a dissociação associados à crise não-epiléptica psicogênica. Conclui-se que as crises não-epilépticas psicogênicas, tal qual o conhecimento científico, tem uma história, que interage com outros tipos de conhecimento e que são influenciadas por variáveis sociais. Nesta direção, sugere-se que a possibilidade de abertura e diálogo entre as dimensões técno-científica e prática possam criar condições para um modelo de cuidado mais adequado e integrado junto aos pacientes com crises não-epilépticas psicogênicas / Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures are recurrent crisis, or attacks, or paroxysmal behavioral changes that can be misunderstood as epileptic seizure due to the behavioral similarity between both, however, these manifestations are not associated with abnormal electrical brain discharges that cause epileptic seizures. Non-epileptic seizures are classified into physiologic and psychogenic origin. The most common psychiatric diagnoses associated with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures are conversion disorder and somatization disorder. In clinical practice, the distinction between non-epileptic seizure and epilepsy challenges and confuses the clinicians, the neurologists and the psychiatrists, since ancient times. The long-term video-electroencephalographic monitoring video-EEG, considered as the gold standard for the differential diagnosis, has led to a significant increase in the number of cases of psychogenic non-epileptic seizures. Although being a clinical situation difficult to manage, with medical and social poor prognosis, it is evident that the instrumental and technological knowledge about non-epileptic seizures are insufficient to deal with this problem. The aim of this study is to enrich the comprehension of the psychogenic non-epileptic seizures in the last fifty years. The historical emergence conditions of the psychogenic non-epileptic seizure and its clinical practical implications were investigated. For this purpose, it was examined papers that discuss the concept of psychogenic non-epileptic seizure in three neurological journals and in three psychiatric journals. This research was guided by epistemological projects focused upon conditions of possibility for reflexive thinking about conceptualization, changing and formalization of the concepts, theories and practices. The methodological approach was influenced by Canguilhems and Bachelards historical epistemology, pursued by Foucault´s critical analysis and culminating in Habermas e Gadamers hermeneutics thought. The research pointed out that hysteria and epilepsy concepts have been reformulated over time, and uncovered fundamental concepts that organized psychogenic non-epileptic seizures in different historical periods. In the 1970s, there was a predominance of papers that discuss the reduction of hysteria and the hysterical personality in women. In the 1980s, there was a concern with the development of diagnostic instruments and structured interviews, and an explosive increase in the number of papers in the neurological journals discussing the use of video-EEG. In the 1990s and on, papers have been focused on the multiple psychiatric diagnoses and research on dissociation and abuse associated to psychogenic non-epileptic seizure. The conclusion is that psychogenic non-epileptic seizures, as scientific knowledge, have a history, which interact with various kinds of knowledge and it is influenced by social variables. In this sense, the possibility of openness and dialogue between technological and practical dimensions could provide underlying conditions to a better and more integral care model among patients with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:38:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Claudia Livingston Ades.pdf: 465589 bytes, checksum: 32bb5edb182e096a16e69b2a4523ba72 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-05-18 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / The aim of this dissertation is to study female hysteria, through the eyes of freudian psychoanalytical theory and Piera Aulagnier s contributions who, with her approach on the early stages of the relationship between mother and child, as well as on the expectations on the baby projected by the parents, will be proven essential in understanding hysterical neurosis. In some instances, it will be possible to create a dialogue with authors who, through their clinical observations, contributed to the psychoanalytical theory. Therefore, I will carry out a study on psychic constitution, as well as on the drawbacks towards the full expression of femininity which might lead a girl to hysterical neurosis. After the presentation of the theoretical reference, I will write about a case history, whose subject has presented female hysteria characteristics. Mariane, a fictional name given to the subject of this study, presented an identification conflict related to femininity, which brought her physical and psychic suffering. Consequently, a theoretical-clinic articulation will be drawn, based on the patient s history, as well as her analytical transference, in order to reach a better understanding of the referred neurosis. Thus, enabling us to further analyze the main difficulties she lived in her libidinal history, which helped to create her identification conflict / O objetivo dessa dissertação é realizar um estudo sobre a histeria feminina à luz da teoria psicanalítica freudiana e das contribuições de Piera Aulagnier que, com sua abordagem acerca dos primórdios da relação da mãe com a criança, assim como das expectativas projetadas no bebê pelos seus pais, irá revelar-se essencial no entendimento da neurose histérica. Em alguns momentos, será possível o diálogo com autores que, com suas observações clínicas, contribuem para a teoria psicanalítica. Realizarei um estudo sobre a constituição psíquica, assim como os percalços encontrados no caminho da feminilidade, que podem levar a menina à neurose histérica. Após exposição do referencial teórico, apresentarei um caso clínico, cuja paciente revelou características pertencentes à histeria. Mariane, nome fictício dado ao sujeito deste estudo, apresentava um conflito identificatório ligado à feminilidade que lhe trazia sofrimentos, tanto na esfera física quanto na psíquica. A partir de sua realidade histórica e do processo transferencial ocorrido durante a análise, fundamentada na teoria acima referida, será possível realizar uma articulação teórico-clínica; desse modo, suponho as principais dificuldades vivenciadas por Mariane em sua possível história libidinal e identificatória