There has been a growing awareness of human rights, specifically children rights, over the past 20 years. Children with intellectual disabilities are often described as a vulnerable group, with limited opportunities to fully participate in society and act as meaningful contributors. Primary caregivers are responsible to act in their child’s best interest and hence their perception of children’s rights is important. The role that they play in their child with disabilities’ life and how they promote their child’s rights, can never be ignored. The main aim of this study was to describe the extent to which Afrikaans-speaking primary caregivers perceive that the basic needs of their children between 8;0 and 14;11 (years;months) with intellectual disabilities are being met, in an attempt to describe their rights as set out by the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC). The UNCRC is a widely accepted body of which South Africa is a signatory. Forty-nine participants who met the selection criteria were asked to complete a questionnaire, consisting of biographical information, the Ten Questions Questionnaire (TQQ), and questions related to needs and rights of children with disabilities as set out by the UNCRC. Participants were mostly older, married mothers who had only a Grade 10 or lower qualification. Either themselves or their spouses were in full-time employment, and they were part of the low to middle socio-economic group. Results revealed that the majority of primary caregivers believed that their children with intellectual disabilities understood them when they told their children to do something and could speak and say recognizable words, whilst less than half of the primary caregivers reported that their children’s speech was different from normal. More than half of the primary caregivers indicated that their children learn to do things in the same way as typically developing peers. With regard to different assistive devices, the majority of primary caregivers felt that their children’s needs were met in respect to different assistive devices. This study revealed that primary caregivers most frequently mentioned intangible rights such as self-esteem rights (which included attitudes, acceptance, respect and equality. The study contributed to an improved understanding of Afrikaans-speaking primary caregivers’ perception of their children with intellectual disabilities’ needs as a starting point for claiming their human rights. / Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Centre for Augmentative and Alternative Communication (CAAC) / unrestricted

Purpose: In the absence of a gold standard, this study illustrates the process involved in the cross-cultural translation and adaptation of the FOCUS© and its shortened version, FOCUS-34© (the Parent Form and Instruction Sheet, as well as the Clinician Form and Instruction Sheet), while also determining the social validity and clinical applicability of the translated measure. The target language used as example was Afrikaans, one of the 11 official languages of South Africa. Method: A two-phase cross-cultural translation model was employed in which Phase 1 (comprising a six-step blind back-translation procedure) was sequentially followed by Phase 2 (social validation and clinical applicability of the measure, using focus groups with stakeholders). Result: The extensive process followed in Phase 1 resulted in a clear and appropriate translation acceptable to both stakeholder groups (parents and speech-language pathologists). Both groups questioned the meaning of certain concepts, explored cultural differences and requested the extension of some items. Parents also shared their emotional reactions towards assessment, while therapists focussed on editorial changes to the measures. Conclusion: A framework is proposed for cross-cultural translation and adaptation of assessment measures with suitability in the speech-language pathology discipline.

No description available.

Bakgrund: Att skriva anteckningar tar tid, tid som hade kunnat undsättas till patienterna. I vården är journalföring en viktig aspekt eftersom det bidrar till en säkrare vård. Habiliteringscentrumets arbete vid journalföring skulle kunna förbättras för mer effektivitet och tidsbesparing i verksamheten. Vår undersökning är ett steg för att förbättra detta. Syfte: Syftet med examensarbetet är att undersöka hur sökordsmallarna i Cosmic kan förbättras för arbetsterapeuterna och sjukgymnasterna/fysioterapeuterna på Barn- och ungdoms- samt Vuxenhabiliteringen i Region Jönköpings län och ge förslag på en ny mall. Metod: Som metod valde vi att ha aktionsforskning eftersom vår undersökning är en del i ett förbättringsprojekt. Begreppet handlar om att verksamheten ställs mot ett problem och vi använde oss av ett PGSA-hjul för att utforma webbenkäten. Webbenkäten skickades ut till arbetsterapeuterna och sjukgymnasterna/fysioterapeuter för insamling av empiri. Slutsats: I vår insamlade empiri framkom det att de befintliga mallarna fungerade bra i verksamheten, men att en del sökord som sällan används eller inte används skulle kunna tas bort. Genom att ta reda på vilka sökord som används mest och justera mallen utefter det, skulle sökordsmallarna kunna förbättras. / Background: To write notes takes time, time that could have been set aside for patients. Medical records in health care are an important aspect seeing that it will contribute to safer care. A work improvement to the medical records could be done at Habilitation center for efficiency and time saving. Our survey is a step towards improving this. Purpose: The aim of the study is to investigate how the search term templates in Cosmic can be improved for occupational therapist and physiotherapist at the Child and Youth and Adult habilitation center in Jönköping County and suggest a new template. Method: We chose action research as a method because our investigation is a part of an improvement project. The term is about the workplace facing a problem and we used PDSA (PGSA) to create a survey. The survey was sent to the occupational therapist and physiotherapist to collect data. Conclusion: Our collected data showed that the existing templates worked well at the workplace. But some of the search terms were rarely used or not used at all and could be removed. By researching which search terms were most used and adjusting the template based on that, the search terms template could be improved. / <p>Examen i vårdadministration, YH-utbildning: 20 YH-poäng</p>

Children with cleft lip/palate receive team care which typically ends at eighteen. Young adults then need to transition into an adult centered model of care. A paucity of literature exists regarding their perspective on transition of care experience. This research explores the experiences young adults with CLP regarding their transition of care process, within the person centered ICF framework.

Background: Although research in healthcare transition is not novel, youth with chronic health conditions (YCHC) and parents still struggle with this complex process. Currently, there is limited theoretically-driven studies to inform transition research. The key foundation of this thesis is on the integration and application of theories and conceptual frameworks to studying the complexities of the transition process to inform research on a conceptual level. Purpose: Three study objectives were: 1) to gain a better understanding of the experiences of YCHC, parents, and healthcare providers with self-management during the transition process; 2) explore theoretical frameworks to guide research in transition and inform the planning and delivery of holistic transition services that is developmentally appropriate and culturally sensitive; and 3) to identify strategies to facilitate knowledge mobilization in transition. Methods: This “sandwich thesis” includes four individual scholarly works (Chapters 2-5) positioned between the introduction (Chapter 1) and the conclusions (Chapter 6). The Knowledge to Action (KTA) framework was used to framed all of my four scholarly works together. Chapter 2 was a qualitative study to examine the collective experiences YCHC, parents, and healthcare providers with self-management during transition. Chapter 3 was a critical appraisal of the literature to explored the potential application of acculturation theory in transition through the use of a clinical vignette. Chapter 4 was a scoping review about the current use of the ICF and transition research and practice. Chapter 5 was a demonstration project with the primary aim of working with youth (i.e. university students with and without a disability) and researchers to identify engagement strategies in research to develop partnerships to facilitate knowledge mobilization. Results: Key findings of Chapter 2: i) the process of self-management is interconnected and interdependent between YCHC, parents, and healthcare providers, and ii) results began to uncover cultural nuances between pediatric and adult healthcare. Key findings of Chapter 3: i) acculturation theory provides a concrete conceptual framework to guide thinking about the process of change within an individual with a change in culture to another; and ii) acculturation can become a natural framework for health systems practitioners when integrated into clinical practice frameworks. Key findings of Chapter 4: i) the ICF broadens our view on health to include personal and environment factors, and ii) the ICF enhances multidisciplinary communication and collaboration. However, the ICF is not without limitation. Specifically, there are limited descriptions around personal and environmental factors and the underlying processes, defining differences between the domains of activity and participation, and the ICF’s static nature which does not address change over time. Key findings of Chapter 5: five engagement strategies: 1) creating a physical or virtual hub with updated information or updating current websites to ensure usability and accessibility (e.g. for course selection), 2) hosting “speed dating” events between students and faculty/researchers to enhance communication and knowledge exchange, 3) hosting monthly lectures/workshops/webinars, 4) capacity building via emailing lists for new opportunities, and 5) peer mentoring to connect stakeholders within the University and Hamilton communities. Conclusions: Synthesis of the knowledge from this thesis contributes to the thinking and doing of transition research. Specifically, acculturation theory (a social science and psychology theory) and the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) (a bio-psycho-social theory) are offered as complementary conceptual frameworks to inform transition research. Stakeholder involvement in transition research is critical in facilitating knowledge mobilization, however, researchers need to consider the challenges of research partnership with YCHC. It is recommended to explore and assess opportunities for YCHC to have experiences starting in childhood and through adolescence; these experiences can assist in building YCHC’s capacity to assume adult roles and responsibilities for self-management. / Thesis / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) / Today, one in five Canadian children, adolescents, and young adults live with a chronic physical, developmental, behavioural or emotional condition that impact their developmental trajectories. Youth with chronic health conditions (YCHC) and their families find it difficult to go from pediatric to adult healthcare. Although the topic of transition is not new, YCHC and parents continue to experience barriers in the adult system for meeting their needs (e.g. fragmented services, accessibility to available services, and biomedical focus of healthcare to name a few). Moreover, research evidence is not reaching the people who need it most, YCHC and their parents, and they are not benefitting optimally from advances in research. Thus, research is needed to carefully examine the process of transition to better understand the underlying processes, to identify current knowledge gaps, and to facilitate knowledge mobilization. The overall aim of this thesis is on the application of theories (acculturation theory) and frameworks (International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health-ICF) to provide a new outlook and lens to unraveling the complexities and underlying processes of transition, which has not been examined before. The Knowledge to Action (KTA) framework is used to inform the research process and stakeholder consultation to facilitate knowledge mobilization. The goal is to ultimately produce meaningful and relevant outcomes for YCHC and those involved in the transition process. YCHC and other stakeholders (parents, healthcare providers, community partners, and policymakers) were consulted throughout all of the components of the thesis ensure their voices and needs were heard. Results from this thesis will bring new insights and knowledge to those involved in transition research and practice.

No description available.

Background: Individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders are unemployed or underemployed at staggering rates. Employment for this population is impacted by many factors, including contextual issues. This review was conducted to enhance understanding of contextual factors influencing employment procurement for individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders. Methodology: The Arksey and O’Malley scoping review framework was utilized to examine five databases and sources of grey literature regarding the contextual factors influencing employment procurement for individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders. Articles were analyzed using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health criteria for Contextual Factors, including both Environmental and Personal Factors. Results: The findings from 41 articles indicate that Contextual Factors, Environmental Factors and Personal Factors influence employment procurement by creating both barriers and facilitators to obtaining employment for individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders. Conclusion: A focus on contextual factors that impact individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders may provide further insight into the facilitators and barriers influencing employment outcomes. Further research should aim to understand the strength of relationships and to expand the use and application of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health’s biopsychosocial framework. This research can aid in promoting the employment outcomes for individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders. / Thesis / Master of Science (MSc)

Background: Physical activity questionnaires (PAQ) have been extensively used to determine physical activity (PA) levels. Most PAQ are derived from an energy expenditure-based perspective and assess activities with a certain intensity level. Activities with a moderate or vigorous intensity level are predominantly used to determine a person’s PA level in terms of quantity. Studies show that the time spent engaging in moderate and vigorous intensity PA does not appropriately reflect the actual PA behavior of older people because they perform more functional, everyday activities. Those functional activities are more likely to be considered low-intense and represent an important qualitative health-promoting activity. For the elderly, functional, light intensity activities are of special interest but are assessed differently in terms of quantity and quality. The aim was to analyze the content of PAQ for the elderly.

Bakgrund: En akut akillesseneruptur (ATR) resulterar i begränsning av funktion som kan kvarstå under lång tid. I litteraturen finns ett flertal reliabla och valida utvärderingsinstrument som används vid funktionsbedömningar efter ATR. Då osäkerhet angående lämpligt val av tester inför återgång i aktivitet/idrott föreligger finns ett behov av tydliga riktlinjer i fråga om kliniskt relevanta utvärderingsinstrument. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att identifiera kliniskt relevanta fysioterapeutiska utvärderingsinstrument för bedömning av funktion hos personer med akillesseneruptur samt kartlägga dessa utifrån ett validitets och reliabilitetperspektiv. Metod: En kartläggande litteraturstudie. Litteratursökningen genomfördes i databaserna PubMed, Cinahl och PEDro mellan 2023-02-07 – 2023-02-15 utifrån inklusionskriterierna: vuxna individer med akut ATR, artiklar publicerade 2013-2023, observations- och randomiserade kontrollerade studier. Av identifierade utvärderingsinstrument valdes 15 ut, baserat på kriterierna: frekvens, klinisk användbarhet samt kategorisering enligt ramverket International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). Valda utvärderingsinstrument kategoriserades enligt ICF samt granskades avseende reliabilitet och validitet om denna data fanns tillgänglig. Resultat: Totalt inkluderades 15 olika utvärderingsinstrument, såväl objektiva som subjektiva, för granskning utifrån reliabilitet och validitet. Fem av dessa visade både god reliabilitet och validitet samt klinisk användbarhet. Inga diagnosspecifika utvärderingsinstrument inom ICF-kategorierna personlighetsfaktorer och omgivningsfaktorer identifierades. Slutsats: Achilles Tendon Resting Angle (ATRA), Achilles Tendon Total Rupture Score (ATRS), Foot and Ankle Outcomes Score (FAOS), Heel-Rise Endurence och Heel-Rise Height är fem tillförlitliga utvärderingsinstrumnet att använda i klinik. Inför återgång till aktivitet/idrott är det nödvändigt att komplettera med idrottsspecifika utvärderingsinstrument samt instrument som utvärderar psykologiska faktorer. / Background: An acute achilles tendon rupture (ATR) results in limitations of function that remains for a long time. There are several reliabel and valid outcome measures used in functional evaluation after ATR presented in the litterature. Due to uncertainties regarding which appropriate outcome measures to use for return to activities/sports there is a need for clinical guidelines. Purpose: The purpose was to identify physiotherapeutic outcome measures for the evaluation of function in people with achilles tendon ruptures and to chart these from a perspecive of reliability and validity. Method: A scoping review. A litterature search were performed in the databases PubMed, Cinahl and PEDro between 2023-02-07 – 2023-02-15 based on the inclusion criteria: adults with acute ATR, articles published between 2013-2023, clinical trials and randomized controlled trials. From identified outcome measures 15 were selected based on the criteria frequency, clinical usability and categorized by the theoretical framework International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). Selected outcome measures were categorized according to ICF and reviewed for republicity of results, if this data was available. Results: 15 outcome measures, both objective and subjective, were included for evaluation regarding reliability and validity. Five of these proved good reliability, validity and clinical usability. In the ICF categories, personal factors and environmental factors, no diagnose specific outcome measures were identified. Conclusion: Achilles Tendon Resting Angle (ATRA), Achilles Tendon Total Rupture Score (ATRS), Foot and Ankle Outcomes Score (FAOS), Heel-Rise Endurence och Heel-Rise Height are five reliable outcome measures to use in clinical practice. Before return to activities/sports it is necessary to add sportspecific outcome measures and evaluation of psychological factors.