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This bachelor theses answers questions about how the ideal in the youth-magazine Min häst/My Horse is presented to boys and girls, and also how the magazine portrays the role of the horse girl. The research and it’s conclusion is based on Joan Wallach Scott´s gender theory, which says that our view of gender is dependent on societal structures and may change over time. The comics in the magazine Min häst, from the 1970´s to the 2000´s has been reviewed through a hermeneutic interpretation in regard to the questions. Which led to the conclusion that there is a stereotypical role for girls that is shown in these comics. In the comics’, horse girls are described as caretakers of their horses. While the boys are given less space in the comics’, and the role of boys in the world of horse riding has been far less represented. The boys that are shown have all been competetive and had a strong will to win. / Uppsatsen undersöker och besvarar frågor om hur idealet för flickor och pojkar presenteras i serierna i ungdomstidningen Min häst och hur tidningen framställt rollen som hästtjej. Undersökningen och slutsatsen utgår från genusteorin av Joan Wallach Scott som menar att vår syn på genus är beroende av samhällets strukturer och kan förändras med tiden. Serierna i tidningen Min häst från 1970-talet till 2000-talet har undersökts genom ett hermeneutiskt tolkande utifrån frågeställningarna, vilket har lett till slutsatsen att det finns en stereotypisk roll för flickor som visas i serierna. I serierna beskrivs hästtjejer som omhändertagande om sin häst vilket har följt med från 70-talet till 00-talet, medan pojkar fått mindre plats i serierna och rollen som pojke inom hästsporten har presenterats mindre från 70-talet till 00-talet och de pojkar som presenterats har varit tävlingsinriktade och vinningslystna.

Let K=Q(theta) be the algebraic number field formed by adjoining theta to the rationals where theta is a real root of an irreducible monic cubic polynomial f(x) in Z[x]. If theta is not the cube root of a rational integer, we call the field K a non-pure cubic field, and if K doesn't contain the conjugates of theta, we call K a non-normal cubic field. A method described by Martinet and Payan allows us to construct such fields from elements of a quadratic field. In this work, we examine such non-normal, non-pure cubic fields and their normal closures, using algorithms in Mathematica to compute various invariants of these fields. In addition, we prove general results relating the ranks of the ideal class groups of the rings of integers of these cubic fields to those of their normal closures. / Ph. D.

Given a simple graph G, the corresponding edge ideal IG is the ideal generated by the edges of G. In 2007, Ha and Van Tuyl demonstrated an inductive procedure to construct the minimal free resolution of certain classes of edge ideals. We will provide a simplified proof of this inductive method for the class of trees. Furthermore, we will provide a comprehensive description of the finely graded Betti numbers occurring in the minimal free resolution of the edge ideal of a tree. For specific subclasses of trees, we will generate more precise information including explicit formulas for the projective dimensions of the quotient rings of the edge ideals. In the second half of this thesis, we will consider the class of simple bipartite graphs known as Ferrers graphs. In particular, we will study a class of monomial ideals that arise as initial ideals of the defining ideals of the toric rings associated to Ferrers graphs. The toric rings were studied by Corso and Nagel in 2007, and by studying the initial ideals of the defining ideals of the toric rings we are able to show that in certain cases the toric rings of Ferrers graphs are level.

The aim of this study is to see which male norms and ideals are expressed in four selected books for children aged 9–12. Is it just a stereotyped ideal that is represented in the books or can others be found as well? The method used for the analysis is critical discourse analysis, proceeding from a gender perspective. The material I have studied consists of Berts dagbok, Min vän Percys magiska gymnastikskor, Eva & Adam – en midsommarnattsmardröm and Sju förtrollade kvällar. My analysis shows that all the books contain roughly the same ideals and norms but that there is always a character who reflects the male ideal more than the other characters.

Este trabalho tem por objetivo compreender o processo de constituição da Barra da Tijuca, bairro da cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Nomeada devido a um acidente geográfico, assim foi reconhecida por séculos, constituindo-se como recorte territorial apenas a partir da década de 1970. Seu desenvolvimento se fortaleceu a partir da década de 1950, como um prolongamento da Zona Sul do Rio de Janeiro. Para racionalizar essa ocupação, foi chamado o mesmo urbanista de Brasília, Lucio Costa, que em nenhum momento menciona a palavra condomínio no Plano-piloto, embora esse tenha sido a forma que se consolidou como moradia no bairro, tornando-se um modelo, associado ao consumo e à idealização, presente tanto no discurso de moradores quanto no estereótipo criado para eles, o do emergente, novo-rico. Parte do preconceito está associada à falta de equipamentos culturais de relevância, falta que a hoje nomeada Cidade das Artes tentou preencher. Esse projeto está de acordo com a mercadização das cidades e do planejamento estratégico e teve início com o prefeito César Maia. Nomeamos a subjetividade existente na vida em condomínio como morte da alteridade, pois decorre fundamentalmente do Ideal do Eu regressivo, dando origem à mimese e ao narcisismo das pequenas diferenças. Interpretamos os mitos gregos de Cronos e de Ulisses, relacionando-os, respectivamente, ao Ideal do Eu regressivo e ao Ideal do Eu maturativo. Ao comentarmos sobre o mito de Babel, trazemos à discussão a função precípua da cidade e do urbano, qual seja, a da individuação. Metodologicamente, utilizamos revisão bibliográfica e entrevistas para a realização dessa tese / This thesis aims to analyse Barra da Tijucas process of constitution, which is a neighbourhood in the city of Rio de Janeiro. It was named after a landform and were recognised as it for centuries, arising as a territorial limit only in the 1970s. Its development strengthened along the 1950s as an extension of Rio de Janeiros South Zone. Lucio Costa, the same urbanist that projected Brasilia, was invited by the government to rationalise its occupation and does not mention the expression town house complex at all on the Plan Lucio Costa, although this is the form that became the model of neighbourhoods occupation. Town house complex is associated to consumption and idealisation, which is shown as much dwellers speech as the stereotype created to them, the nouveau-riche. Part of prejudice is related to the hollowness of existent cultural facilities, which was planned to be fulfilled by Cidade das Artes. This project is in accord to cities marketing and competition and strategic planning that has started in Rio de Janeiro with the former mayor Cesar Maia. We named the subjectivity experienced in town house complexes as the end of alterity because of the regressivity of Ego ideal that corresponds to mimesis and the narcissism of minor differences. We interpret the Greek myths of Cronus and Odysseus relating them, respectively, to regressive Ego ideal and maturational Ego ideal. On the Tower of Babel myth, we bring to discussion the paramount essence of cities and the urban, videlicet, individualisation. Our methodology consists in literature survey revision and a few interviews

A presente dissertação analisa a reflexão de Hegel sobre o conceito de ideal nos seus Cursos de Estética em uma comparação entre a posição ou a situação da arte na época antiga e na época moderna, e que medida o ideal corresponde a cada uma. A fim de acompanhar o modo como se posicionam estas configurações - e a maneira como estas abrigam o conceito de ideal esquadrinhamos o papel mesmo da arte em um plano mais amplo no sistema de Hegel. Em seguida, imersos neste domínio, as considerações associadas a estas esferas exploram, de um lado a figura de arte clássica, sobretudo o modo pelo qual a Grécia é tratada e exemplificada. As caracterizações detalhadas extraídas das esculturas gregas e a efetiva experiência social bela deste povo são o modelo que Hegel apresenta como o alcance pleno do ideal efetivo. Nesta perspectiva, articula-se o pensamento hegeliano com a influência fundamental que Winckelmann exerce nas observações feitas sobre esta temática. De outra parte, a arte romântica compreende as circunstâncias tanto do domínio da subjetividade e interioridade como as relações sociais burguesas carregadas de traços prosaicos e mundanos, que permite ao conceito hegeliano de ideal uma existência difícil. Neste outro estágio, a partir do avanço do espírito, é traçado o declínio da arte diante da multiplicidade das relações que perfazem o mundo, bem como são feitas as considerações sobre esta perda do ideal / The present dissertation analyzes the reflection of Hegel\'s concept of ideal in his Lectures on Aesthetics in a comparison between the position or situation of art in ancient and modern times, and in what measure the ideal corresponds to each one. In order to monitor how these settings are positioned and the way that these deal with the ideal concept the role of art in a broader plan in Hegels system is explained. When immersed in this field, the associated considerations explore from one site the figure of classical art, especially the way in which Greece is treated and exemplified. Detailed characterizations drawn from Greek sculptures and beautiful effective social experiences from this people are the model that Hegel presents as the full range of effective ideal. In this perspective, the Hegelian thought is articulated with the fundamental influence that Winckelmann has on observations made on this subject. On the other hand, romantic art understands the circumstances of both the domain of subjectivity and interiority as the bourgeois social relations, charged with prosaic and mundane features, which allows the Hegelian concept of ideal a difficult existence. In this another stage, from the development of the spirit, the decline of art is traced before the relationships that make up the world, the same way that considerations are made about the loss of ideal

Através da noção de Abfall, de Schelling, apresentada no texto Filosofia e Religião (1804), esta tese procura mostrar a integralidade da fundamentação objetiva para a reconstrução do mundo ideal, ou do ideal da razão enquanto organismo vivo. Para tanto, num primeiro momento, reconstruiremos o caminho para o Sistema do Idealismo Transcendental e, com isso, apresentaremos a dialética da imaginação como forma sistemática do Eu enquanto princípio. Num segundo momento, mostraremos como essa forma sistemática é ampliada enquanto princípio ou como uma forma formante de sujeito e objeto no Absoluto. Num terceiro e conclusivo momento, mostraremos a fundamentação da essência da identidade alma-Absoluto na intuição intelectual, entendida como princípio e conhecimento que supera infinitamente toda determinação conceitual e, ao mesmo tempo, efetiva o princípio transcendental e a causa imanente da equipossibilidade volitiva e cognitiva do puro sujeitoobjeto. / Through Schellings notion of Abfall as presented in Philosophy and Religion (1804), this thesis seeks to show the integrality of the objective foundation of the ideal world\'s reconstruction or of the ideal of reason as a living organism, so that the finite, as it exists in the limitated and temporal world, presents itself in a way somehow infinite. It aims at the difficult that pervades the author\'s whole philosophy of identity: the problem of the sense of finitude and time sense in a philosophy where the Absolute does not go out of itself. Our thesis is that: if the reason ideal is the most distant of what can be determined, and if it realises itself just in individuo, then such realization is necessarily something universal in two vectors of only one action: on the one hand ideas are determined in individuo if and only if in the unity of the ideal of reason; on the other hand, ideas are determined in individuo by absolute freedom, because the Absolute refers to the producing individual through the eternal concept of individual; in other words, through the soul understood as a Potenz, that is protected inside subject of individual conscience. As a Potenz, the soul is unconditional freedom and as such the source of the concepts of class. Therefore well reconstruct the route to the System of Transcendental Idealism to show the dialectics of imagination as a systematic form of I as a principle. Secondly, well show how that systematic form is extended as a principle or a form forming the subject and object in the Absolute. Thirdly, we\'ll show the fundaments of the essence of the soul-Absolute identity on intellectual intuition understood as transcendental principle and knowledge that infinitely overcomes all temporal determination and, at the same time, realises the transcendental principle, and the immanent cause of the pure subject- object\'s volitive and cognitive equipossibility.